cachepc-linux

Fork of AMDESE/linux with modifications for CachePC side-channel attack
git clone https://git.sinitax.com/sinitax/cachepc-linux
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drgn.rst (9016B)


      1.. SPDX-License-Identifier: (LGPL-2.1 OR BSD-2-Clause)
      2
      3==============
      4BPF drgn tools
      5==============
      6
      7drgn scripts is a convenient and easy to use mechanism to retrieve arbitrary
      8kernel data structures. drgn is not relying on kernel UAPI to read the data.
      9Instead it's reading directly from ``/proc/kcore`` or vmcore and pretty prints
     10the data based on DWARF debug information from vmlinux.
     11
     12This document describes BPF related drgn tools.
     13
     14See `drgn/tools`_ for all tools available at the moment and `drgn/doc`_ for
     15more details on drgn itself.
     16
     17bpf_inspect.py
     18--------------
     19
     20Description
     21===========
     22
     23`bpf_inspect.py`_ is a tool intended to inspect BPF programs and maps. It can
     24iterate over all programs and maps in the system and print basic information
     25about these objects, including id, type and name.
     26
     27The main use-case `bpf_inspect.py`_ covers is to show BPF programs of types
     28``BPF_PROG_TYPE_EXT`` and ``BPF_PROG_TYPE_TRACING`` attached to other BPF
     29programs via ``freplace``/``fentry``/``fexit`` mechanisms, since there is no
     30user-space API to get this information.
     31
     32Getting started
     33===============
     34
     35List BPF programs (full names are obtained from BTF)::
     36
     37    % sudo bpf_inspect.py prog
     38        27: BPF_PROG_TYPE_TRACEPOINT         tracepoint__tcp__tcp_send_reset
     39      4632: BPF_PROG_TYPE_CGROUP_SOCK_ADDR   tw_ipt_bind
     40     49464: BPF_PROG_TYPE_RAW_TRACEPOINT     raw_tracepoint__sched_process_exit
     41
     42List BPF maps::
     43
     44      % sudo bpf_inspect.py map
     45        2577: BPF_MAP_TYPE_HASH                tw_ipt_vips
     46        4050: BPF_MAP_TYPE_STACK_TRACE         stack_traces
     47        4069: BPF_MAP_TYPE_PERCPU_ARRAY        ned_dctcp_cntr
     48
     49Find BPF programs attached to BPF program ``test_pkt_access``::
     50
     51      % sudo bpf_inspect.py p | grep test_pkt_access
     52         650: BPF_PROG_TYPE_SCHED_CLS          test_pkt_access
     53         654: BPF_PROG_TYPE_TRACING            test_main                        linked:[650->25: BPF_TRAMP_FEXIT test_pkt_access->test_pkt_access()]
     54         655: BPF_PROG_TYPE_TRACING            test_subprog1                    linked:[650->29: BPF_TRAMP_FEXIT test_pkt_access->test_pkt_access_subprog1()]
     55         656: BPF_PROG_TYPE_TRACING            test_subprog2                    linked:[650->31: BPF_TRAMP_FEXIT test_pkt_access->test_pkt_access_subprog2()]
     56         657: BPF_PROG_TYPE_TRACING            test_subprog3                    linked:[650->21: BPF_TRAMP_FEXIT test_pkt_access->test_pkt_access_subprog3()]
     57         658: BPF_PROG_TYPE_EXT                new_get_skb_len                  linked:[650->16: BPF_TRAMP_REPLACE test_pkt_access->get_skb_len()]
     58         659: BPF_PROG_TYPE_EXT                new_get_skb_ifindex              linked:[650->23: BPF_TRAMP_REPLACE test_pkt_access->get_skb_ifindex()]
     59         660: BPF_PROG_TYPE_EXT                new_get_constant                 linked:[650->19: BPF_TRAMP_REPLACE test_pkt_access->get_constant()]
     60
     61It can be seen that there is a program ``test_pkt_access``, id 650 and there
     62are multiple other tracing and ext programs attached to functions in
     63``test_pkt_access``.
     64
     65For example the line::
     66
     67         658: BPF_PROG_TYPE_EXT                new_get_skb_len                  linked:[650->16: BPF_TRAMP_REPLACE test_pkt_access->get_skb_len()]
     68
     69, means that BPF program id 658, type ``BPF_PROG_TYPE_EXT``, name
     70``new_get_skb_len`` replaces (``BPF_TRAMP_REPLACE``) function ``get_skb_len()``
     71that has BTF id 16 in BPF program id 650, name ``test_pkt_access``.
     72
     73Getting help:
     74
     75.. code-block:: none
     76
     77    % sudo bpf_inspect.py
     78    usage: bpf_inspect.py [-h] {prog,p,map,m} ...
     79
     80    drgn script to list BPF programs or maps and their properties
     81    unavailable via kernel API.
     82
     83    See https://github.com/osandov/drgn/ for more details on drgn.
     84
     85    optional arguments:
     86      -h, --help      show this help message and exit
     87
     88    subcommands:
     89      {prog,p,map,m}
     90        prog (p)      list BPF programs
     91        map (m)       list BPF maps
     92
     93Customization
     94=============
     95
     96The script is intended to be customized by developers to print relevant
     97information about BPF programs, maps and other objects.
     98
     99For example, to print ``struct bpf_prog_aux`` for BPF program id 53077:
    100
    101.. code-block:: none
    102
    103    % git diff
    104    diff --git a/tools/bpf_inspect.py b/tools/bpf_inspect.py
    105    index 650e228..aea2357 100755
    106    --- a/tools/bpf_inspect.py
    107    +++ b/tools/bpf_inspect.py
    108    @@ -112,7 +112,9 @@ def list_bpf_progs(args):
    109             if linked:
    110                 linked = f" linked:[{linked}]"
    111
    112    -        print(f"{id_:>6}: {type_:32} {name:32} {linked}")
    113    +        if id_ == 53077:
    114    +            print(f"{id_:>6}: {type_:32} {name:32}")
    115    +            print(f"{bpf_prog.aux}")
    116
    117
    118     def list_bpf_maps(args):
    119
    120It produces the output::
    121
    122    % sudo bpf_inspect.py p
    123     53077: BPF_PROG_TYPE_XDP                tw_xdp_policer
    124    *(struct bpf_prog_aux *)0xffff8893fad4b400 = {
    125            .refcnt = (atomic64_t){
    126                    .counter = (long)58,
    127            },
    128            .used_map_cnt = (u32)1,
    129            .max_ctx_offset = (u32)8,
    130            .max_pkt_offset = (u32)15,
    131            .max_tp_access = (u32)0,
    132            .stack_depth = (u32)8,
    133            .id = (u32)53077,
    134            .func_cnt = (u32)0,
    135            .func_idx = (u32)0,
    136            .attach_btf_id = (u32)0,
    137            .linked_prog = (struct bpf_prog *)0x0,
    138            .verifier_zext = (bool)0,
    139            .offload_requested = (bool)0,
    140            .attach_btf_trace = (bool)0,
    141            .func_proto_unreliable = (bool)0,
    142            .trampoline_prog_type = (enum bpf_tramp_prog_type)BPF_TRAMP_FENTRY,
    143            .trampoline = (struct bpf_trampoline *)0x0,
    144            .tramp_hlist = (struct hlist_node){
    145                    .next = (struct hlist_node *)0x0,
    146                    .pprev = (struct hlist_node **)0x0,
    147            },
    148            .attach_func_proto = (const struct btf_type *)0x0,
    149            .attach_func_name = (const char *)0x0,
    150            .func = (struct bpf_prog **)0x0,
    151            .jit_data = (void *)0x0,
    152            .poke_tab = (struct bpf_jit_poke_descriptor *)0x0,
    153            .size_poke_tab = (u32)0,
    154            .ksym_tnode = (struct latch_tree_node){
    155                    .node = (struct rb_node [2]){
    156                            {
    157                                    .__rb_parent_color = (unsigned long)18446612956263126665,
    158                                    .rb_right = (struct rb_node *)0x0,
    159                                    .rb_left = (struct rb_node *)0xffff88a0be3d0088,
    160                            },
    161                            {
    162                                    .__rb_parent_color = (unsigned long)18446612956263126689,
    163                                    .rb_right = (struct rb_node *)0x0,
    164                                    .rb_left = (struct rb_node *)0xffff88a0be3d00a0,
    165                            },
    166                    },
    167            },
    168            .ksym_lnode = (struct list_head){
    169                    .next = (struct list_head *)0xffff88bf481830b8,
    170                    .prev = (struct list_head *)0xffff888309f536b8,
    171            },
    172            .ops = (const struct bpf_prog_ops *)xdp_prog_ops+0x0 = 0xffffffff820fa350,
    173            .used_maps = (struct bpf_map **)0xffff889ff795de98,
    174            .prog = (struct bpf_prog *)0xffffc9000cf2d000,
    175            .user = (struct user_struct *)root_user+0x0 = 0xffffffff82444820,
    176            .load_time = (u64)2408348759285319,
    177            .cgroup_storage = (struct bpf_map *[2]){},
    178            .name = (char [16])"tw_xdp_policer",
    179            .security = (void *)0xffff889ff795d548,
    180            .offload = (struct bpf_prog_offload *)0x0,
    181            .btf = (struct btf *)0xffff8890ce6d0580,
    182            .func_info = (struct bpf_func_info *)0xffff889ff795d240,
    183            .func_info_aux = (struct bpf_func_info_aux *)0xffff889ff795de20,
    184            .linfo = (struct bpf_line_info *)0xffff888a707afc00,
    185            .jited_linfo = (void **)0xffff8893fad48600,
    186            .func_info_cnt = (u32)1,
    187            .nr_linfo = (u32)37,
    188            .linfo_idx = (u32)0,
    189            .num_exentries = (u32)0,
    190            .extable = (struct exception_table_entry *)0xffffffffa032d950,
    191            .stats = (struct bpf_prog_stats *)0x603fe3a1f6d0,
    192            .work = (struct work_struct){
    193                    .data = (atomic_long_t){
    194                            .counter = (long)0,
    195                    },
    196                    .entry = (struct list_head){
    197                            .next = (struct list_head *)0x0,
    198                            .prev = (struct list_head *)0x0,
    199                    },
    200                    .func = (work_func_t)0x0,
    201            },
    202            .rcu = (struct callback_head){
    203                    .next = (struct callback_head *)0x0,
    204                    .func = (void (*)(struct callback_head *))0x0,
    205            },
    206    }
    207
    208
    209.. Links
    210.. _drgn/doc: https://drgn.readthedocs.io/en/latest/
    211.. _drgn/tools: https://github.com/osandov/drgn/tree/master/tools
    212.. _bpf_inspect.py:
    213   https://github.com/osandov/drgn/blob/master/tools/bpf_inspect.py