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cs89x0.rst (23208B)


      1.. SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
      2
      3================================================
      4Cirrus Logic LAN CS8900/CS8920 Ethernet Adapters
      5================================================
      6
      7.. note::
      8
      9   This document was contributed by Cirrus Logic for kernel 2.2.5.  This version
     10   has been updated for 2.3.48 by Andrew Morton.
     11
     12   Still, this is too outdated! A major cleanup is needed here.
     13
     14Cirrus make a copy of this driver available at their website, as
     15described below.  In general, you should use the driver version which
     16comes with your Linux distribution.
     17
     18
     19Linux Network Interface Driver ver. 2.00 <kernel 2.3.48>
     20
     21
     22.. TABLE OF CONTENTS
     23
     24   1.0 CIRRUS LOGIC LAN CS8900/CS8920 ETHERNET ADAPTERS
     25	1.1 Product Overview
     26	1.2 Driver Description
     27	    1.2.1 Driver Name
     28	    1.2.2 File in the Driver Package
     29	1.3 System Requirements
     30	1.4 Licensing Information
     31
     32   2.0 ADAPTER INSTALLATION and CONFIGURATION
     33	2.1 CS8900-based Adapter Configuration
     34	2.2 CS8920-based Adapter Configuration
     35
     36   3.0 LOADING THE DRIVER AS A MODULE
     37
     38   4.0 COMPILING THE DRIVER
     39	4.1 Compiling the Driver as a Loadable Module
     40	4.2 Compiling the driver to support memory mode
     41	4.3 Compiling the driver to support Rx DMA
     42
     43   5.0 TESTING AND TROUBLESHOOTING
     44	5.1 Known Defects and Limitations
     45	5.2 Testing the Adapter
     46	    5.2.1 Diagnostic Self-Test
     47	    5.2.2 Diagnostic Network Test
     48	5.3 Using the Adapter's LEDs
     49	5.4 Resolving I/O Conflicts
     50
     51   6.0 TECHNICAL SUPPORT
     52	6.1 Contacting Cirrus Logic's Technical Support
     53	6.2 Information Required Before Contacting Technical Support
     54	6.3 Obtaining the Latest Driver Version
     55	6.4 Current maintainer
     56	6.5 Kernel boot parameters
     57
     58
     591. Cirrus Logic LAN CS8900/CS8920 Ethernet Adapters
     60===================================================
     61
     62
     631.1. Product Overview
     64=====================
     65
     66The CS8900-based ISA Ethernet Adapters from Cirrus Logic follow
     67IEEE 802.3 standards and support half or full-duplex operation in ISA bus
     68computers on 10 Mbps Ethernet networks.  The adapters are designed for operation
     69in 16-bit ISA or EISA bus expansion slots and are available in
     7010BaseT-only or 3-media configurations (10BaseT, 10Base2, and AUI for 10Base-5
     71or fiber networks).
     72
     73CS8920-based adapters are similar to the CS8900-based adapter with additional
     74features for Plug and Play (PnP) support and Wakeup Frame recognition.  As
     75such, the configuration procedures differ somewhat between the two types of
     76adapters.  Refer to the "Adapter Configuration" section for details on
     77configuring both types of adapters.
     78
     79
     801.2. Driver Description
     81=======================
     82
     83The CS8900/CS8920 Ethernet Adapter driver for Linux supports the Linux
     84v2.3.48 or greater kernel.  It can be compiled directly into the kernel
     85or loaded at run-time as a device driver module.
     86
     871.2.1 Driver Name: cs89x0
     88
     891.2.2 Files in the Driver Archive:
     90
     91The files in the driver at Cirrus' website include:
     92
     93  ===================  ====================================================
     94  readme.txt           this file
     95  build                batch file to compile cs89x0.c.
     96  cs89x0.c             driver C code
     97  cs89x0.h             driver header file
     98  cs89x0.o             pre-compiled module (for v2.2.5 kernel)
     99  config/Config.in     sample file to include cs89x0 driver in the kernel.
    100  config/Makefile      sample file to include cs89x0 driver in the kernel.
    101  config/Space.c       sample file to include cs89x0 driver in the kernel.
    102  ===================  ====================================================
    103
    104
    105
    1061.3. System Requirements
    107------------------------
    108
    109The following hardware is required:
    110
    111   * Cirrus Logic LAN (CS8900/20-based) Ethernet ISA Adapter
    112
    113   * IBM or IBM-compatible PC with:
    114     * An 80386 or higher processor
    115     * 16 bytes of contiguous IO space available between 210h - 370h
    116     * One available IRQ (5,10,11,or 12 for the CS8900, 3-7,9-15 for CS8920).
    117
    118   * Appropriate cable (and connector for AUI, 10BASE-2) for your network
    119     topology.
    120
    121The following software is required:
    122
    123* LINUX kernel version 2.3.48 or higher
    124
    125   * CS8900/20 Setup Utility (DOS-based)
    126
    127   * LINUX kernel sources for your kernel (if compiling into kernel)
    128
    129   * GNU Toolkit (gcc and make) v2.6 or above (if compiling into kernel
    130     or a module)
    131
    132
    133
    1341.4. Licensing Information
    135--------------------------
    136
    137This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it under
    138the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the Free Software
    139Foundation, version 1.
    140
    141This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
    142ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
    143FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License for
    144more details.
    145
    146For a full copy of the GNU General Public License, write to the Free Software
    147Foundation, Inc., 675 Mass Ave, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.
    148
    149
    150
    1512. Adapter Installation and Configuration
    152=========================================
    153
    154Both the CS8900 and CS8920-based adapters can be configured using parameters
    155stored in an on-board EEPROM. You must use the DOS-based CS8900/20 Setup
    156Utility if you want to change the adapter's configuration in EEPROM.
    157
    158When loading the driver as a module, you can specify many of the adapter's
    159configuration parameters on the command-line to override the EEPROM's settings
    160or for interface configuration when an EEPROM is not used. (CS8920-based
    161adapters must use an EEPROM.) See Section 3.0 LOADING THE DRIVER AS A MODULE.
    162
    163Since the CS8900/20 Setup Utility is a DOS-based application, you must install
    164and configure the adapter in a DOS-based system using the CS8900/20 Setup
    165Utility before installation in the target LINUX system.  (Not required if
    166installing a CS8900-based adapter and the default configuration is acceptable.)
    167
    168
    1692.1. CS8900-based Adapter Configuration
    170---------------------------------------
    171
    172CS8900-based adapters shipped from Cirrus Logic have been configured
    173with the following "default" settings::
    174
    175  Operation Mode:      Memory Mode
    176  IRQ:                 10
    177  Base I/O Address:    300
    178  Memory Base Address: D0000
    179  Optimization:	       DOS Client
    180  Transmission Mode:   Half-duplex
    181  BootProm:            None
    182  Media Type:	       Autodetect (3-media cards) or
    183		       10BASE-T (10BASE-T only adapter)
    184
    185You should only change the default configuration settings if conflicts with
    186another adapter exists. To change the adapter's configuration, run the
    187CS8900/20 Setup Utility.
    188
    189
    1902.2. CS8920-based Adapter Configuration
    191---------------------------------------
    192
    193CS8920-based adapters are shipped from Cirrus Logic configured as Plug
    194and Play (PnP) enabled.  However, since the cs89x0 driver does NOT
    195support PnP, you must install the CS8920 adapter in a DOS-based PC and
    196run the CS8900/20 Setup Utility to disable PnP and configure the
    197adapter before installation in the target Linux system.  Failure to do
    198this will leave the adapter inactive and the driver will be unable to
    199communicate with the adapter.
    200
    201::
    202
    203	****************************************************************
    204	*                    CS8920-BASED ADAPTERS:                    *
    205	*                                                              *
    206	* CS8920-BASED ADAPTERS ARE PLUG and PLAY ENABLED BY DEFAULT.  *
    207	* THE CS89X0 DRIVER DOES NOT SUPPORT PnP. THEREFORE, YOU MUST  *
    208	* RUN THE CS8900/20 SETUP UTILITY TO DISABLE PnP SUPPORT AND   *
    209	* TO ACTIVATE THE ADAPTER.                                     *
    210	****************************************************************
    211
    212
    213
    214
    2153. Loading the Driver as a Module
    216=================================
    217
    218If the driver is compiled as a loadable module, you can load the driver module
    219with the 'modprobe' command.  Many of the adapter's configuration parameters can
    220be specified as command-line arguments to the load command.  This facility
    221provides a means to override the EEPROM's settings or for interface
    222configuration when an EEPROM is not used.
    223
    224Example::
    225
    226    insmod cs89x0.o io=0x200 irq=0xA media=aui
    227
    228This example loads the module and configures the adapter to use an IO port base
    229address of 200h, interrupt 10, and use the AUI media connection.  The following
    230configuration options are available on the command line::
    231
    232  io=###               - specify IO address (200h-360h)
    233  irq=##               - specify interrupt level
    234  use_dma=1            - Enable DMA
    235  dma=#                - specify dma channel (Driver is compiled to support
    236			 Rx DMA only)
    237  dmasize=# (16 or 64) - DMA size 16K or 64K.  Default value is set to 16.
    238  media=rj45           - specify media type
    239   or media=bnc
    240   or media=aui
    241   or media=auto
    242  duplex=full          - specify forced half/full/autonegotiate duplex
    243   or duplex=half
    244   or duplex=auto
    245  debug=#              - debug level (only available if the driver was compiled
    246			 for debugging)
    247
    248**Notes:**
    249
    250a) If an EEPROM is present, any specified command-line parameter
    251   will override the corresponding configuration value stored in
    252   EEPROM.
    253
    254b) The "io" parameter must be specified on the command-line.
    255
    256c) The driver's hardware probe routine is designed to avoid
    257   writing to I/O space until it knows that there is a cs89x0
    258   card at the written addresses.  This could cause problems
    259   with device probing.  To avoid this behaviour, add one
    260   to the ``io=`` module parameter.  This doesn't actually change
    261   the I/O address, but it is a flag to tell the driver
    262   to partially initialise the hardware before trying to
    263   identify the card.  This could be dangerous if you are
    264   not sure that there is a cs89x0 card at the provided address.
    265
    266   For example, to scan for an adapter located at IO base 0x300,
    267   specify an IO address of 0x301.
    268
    269d) The "duplex=auto" parameter is only supported for the CS8920.
    270
    271e) The minimum command-line configuration required if an EEPROM is
    272   not present is:
    273
    274   io
    275   irq
    276   media type (no autodetect)
    277
    278f) The following additional parameters are CS89XX defaults (values
    279   used with no EEPROM or command-line argument).
    280
    281   * DMA Burst = enabled
    282   * IOCHRDY Enabled = enabled
    283   * UseSA = enabled
    284   * CS8900 defaults to half-duplex if not specified on command-line
    285   * CS8920 defaults to autoneg if not specified on command-line
    286   * Use reset defaults for other config parameters
    287   * dma_mode = 0
    288
    289g) You can use ifconfig to set the adapter's Ethernet address.
    290
    291h) Many Linux distributions use the 'modprobe' command to load
    292   modules.  This program uses the '/etc/conf.modules' file to
    293   determine configuration information which is passed to a driver
    294   module when it is loaded.  All the configuration options which are
    295   described above may be placed within /etc/conf.modules.
    296
    297   For example::
    298
    299     > cat /etc/conf.modules
    300     ...
    301     alias eth0 cs89x0
    302     options cs89x0 io=0x0200 dma=5 use_dma=1
    303     ...
    304
    305   In this example we are telling the module system that the
    306   ethernet driver for this machine should use the cs89x0 driver.  We
    307   are asking 'modprobe' to pass the 'io', 'dma' and 'use_dma'
    308   arguments to the driver when it is loaded.
    309
    310i) Cirrus recommend that the cs89x0 use the ISA DMA channels 5, 6 or
    311   7.  You will probably find that other DMA channels will not work.
    312
    313j) The cs89x0 supports DMA for receiving only.  DMA mode is
    314   significantly more efficient.  Flooding a 400 MHz Celeron machine
    315   with large ping packets consumes 82% of its CPU capacity in non-DMA
    316   mode.  With DMA this is reduced to 45%.
    317
    318k) If your Linux kernel was compiled with inbuilt plug-and-play
    319   support you will be able to find information about the cs89x0 card
    320   with the command::
    321
    322     cat /proc/isapnp
    323
    324l) If during DMA operation you find erratic behavior or network data
    325   corruption you should use your PC's BIOS to slow the EISA bus clock.
    326
    327m) If the cs89x0 driver is compiled directly into the kernel
    328   (non-modular) then its I/O address is automatically determined by
    329   ISA bus probing.  The IRQ number, media options, etc are determined
    330   from the card's EEPROM.
    331
    332n) If the cs89x0 driver is compiled directly into the kernel, DMA
    333   mode may be selected by providing the kernel with a boot option
    334   'cs89x0_dma=N' where 'N' is the desired DMA channel number (5, 6 or 7).
    335
    336   Kernel boot options may be provided on the LILO command line::
    337
    338	LILO boot: linux cs89x0_dma=5
    339
    340   or they may be placed in /etc/lilo.conf::
    341
    342	image=/boot/bzImage-2.3.48
    343	  append="cs89x0_dma=5"
    344	  label=linux
    345	  root=/dev/hda5
    346	  read-only
    347
    348   The DMA Rx buffer size is hardwired to 16 kbytes in this mode.
    349   (64k mode is not available).
    350
    351
    3524. Compiling the Driver
    353=======================
    354
    355The cs89x0 driver can be compiled directly into the kernel or compiled into
    356a loadable device driver module.
    357
    358Just use the standard way to configure the driver and compile the Kernel.
    359
    360
    3614.1. Compiling the Driver to Support Rx DMA
    362-------------------------------------------
    363
    364The compile-time optionality for DMA was removed in the 2.3 kernel
    365series.  DMA support is now unconditionally part of the driver.  It is
    366enabled by the 'use_dma=1' module option.
    367
    368
    3695. Testing and Troubleshooting
    370==============================
    371
    3725.1. Known Defects and Limitations
    373----------------------------------
    374
    375Refer to the RELEASE.TXT file distributed as part of this archive for a list of
    376known defects, driver limitations, and work arounds.
    377
    378
    3795.2. Testing the Adapter
    380------------------------
    381
    382Once the adapter has been installed and configured, the diagnostic option of
    383the CS8900/20 Setup Utility can be used to test the functionality of the
    384adapter and its network connection.  Use the diagnostics 'Self Test' option to
    385test the functionality of the adapter with the hardware configuration you have
    386assigned. You can use the diagnostics 'Network Test' to test the ability of the
    387adapter to communicate across the Ethernet with another PC equipped with a
    388CS8900/20-based adapter card (it must also be running the CS8900/20 Setup
    389Utility).
    390
    391.. note::
    392
    393	 The Setup Utility's diagnostics are designed to run in a
    394	 DOS-only operating system environment.  DO NOT run the diagnostics
    395	 from a DOS or command prompt session under Windows 95, Windows NT,
    396	 OS/2, or other operating system.
    397
    398To run the diagnostics tests on the CS8900/20 adapter:
    399
    400   1.  Boot DOS on the PC and start the CS8900/20 Setup Utility.
    401
    402   2.  The adapter's current configuration is displayed.  Hit the ENTER key to
    403       get to the main menu.
    404
    405   4.  Select 'Diagnostics' (ALT-G) from the main menu.
    406       * Select 'Self-Test' to test the adapter's basic functionality.
    407       * Select 'Network Test' to test the network connection and cabling.
    408
    409
    4105.2.1. Diagnostic Self-test
    411^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
    412
    413The diagnostic self-test checks the adapter's basic functionality as well as
    414its ability to communicate across the ISA bus based on the system resources
    415assigned during hardware configuration.  The following tests are performed:
    416
    417   * IO Register Read/Write Test
    418
    419     The IO Register Read/Write test insures that the CS8900/20 can be
    420     accessed in IO mode, and that the IO base address is correct.
    421
    422   * Shared Memory Test
    423
    424     The Shared Memory test insures the CS8900/20 can be accessed in memory
    425     mode and that the range of memory addresses assigned does not conflict
    426     with other devices in the system.
    427
    428   * Interrupt Test
    429
    430     The Interrupt test insures there are no conflicts with the assigned IRQ
    431     signal.
    432
    433   * EEPROM Test
    434
    435     The EEPROM test insures the EEPROM can be read.
    436
    437   * Chip RAM Test
    438
    439     The Chip RAM test insures the 4K of memory internal to the CS8900/20 is
    440     working properly.
    441
    442   * Internal Loop-back Test
    443
    444     The Internal Loop Back test insures the adapter's transmitter and
    445     receiver are operating properly.  If this test fails, make sure the
    446     adapter's cable is connected to the network (check for LED activity for
    447     example).
    448
    449   * Boot PROM Test
    450
    451     The Boot PROM  test insures the Boot PROM is present, and can be read.
    452     Failure indicates the Boot PROM  was not successfully read due to a
    453     hardware problem or due to a conflicts on the Boot PROM address
    454     assignment. (Test only applies if the adapter is configured to use the
    455     Boot PROM option.)
    456
    457Failure of a test item indicates a possible system resource conflict with
    458another device on the ISA bus.  In this case, you should use the Manual Setup
    459option to reconfigure the adapter by selecting a different value for the system
    460resource that failed.
    461
    462
    4635.2.2. Diagnostic Network Test
    464^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
    465
    466The Diagnostic Network Test verifies a working network connection by
    467transferring data between two CS8900/20 adapters installed in different PCs
    468on the same network. (Note: the diagnostic network test should not be run
    469between two nodes across a router.)
    470
    471This test requires that each of the two PCs have a CS8900/20-based adapter
    472installed and have the CS8900/20 Setup Utility running.  The first PC is
    473configured as a Responder and the other PC is configured as an Initiator.
    474Once the Initiator is started, it sends data frames to the Responder which
    475returns the frames to the Initiator.
    476
    477The total number of frames received and transmitted are displayed on the
    478Initiator's display, along with a count of the number of frames received and
    479transmitted OK or in error.  The test can be terminated anytime by the user at
    480either PC.
    481
    482To setup the Diagnostic Network Test:
    483
    484    1.  Select a PC with a CS8900/20-based adapter and a known working network
    485	connection to act as the Responder.  Run the CS8900/20 Setup Utility
    486	and select 'Diagnostics -> Network Test -> Responder' from the main
    487	menu.  Hit ENTER to start the Responder.
    488
    489    2.  Return to the PC with the CS8900/20-based adapter you want to test and
    490	start the CS8900/20 Setup Utility.
    491
    492    3.  From the main menu, Select 'Diagnostic -> Network Test -> Initiator'.
    493	Hit ENTER to start the test.
    494
    495You may stop the test on the Initiator at any time while allowing the Responder
    496to continue running.  In this manner, you can move to additional PCs and test
    497them by starting the Initiator on another PC without having to stop/start the
    498Responder.
    499
    500
    501
    5025.3. Using the Adapter's LEDs
    503-----------------------------
    504
    505The 2 and 3-media adapters have two LEDs visible on the back end of the board
    506located near the 10Base-T connector.
    507
    508Link Integrity LED: A "steady" ON of the green LED indicates a valid 10Base-T
    509connection.  (Only applies to 10Base-T.  The green LED has no significance for
    510a 10Base-2 or AUI connection.)
    511
    512TX/RX LED: The yellow LED lights briefly each time the adapter transmits or
    513receives data. (The yellow LED will appear to "flicker" on a typical network.)
    514
    515
    5165.4. Resolving I/O Conflicts
    517----------------------------
    518
    519An IO conflict occurs when two or more adapter use the same ISA resource (IO
    520address, memory address or IRQ).  You can usually detect an IO conflict in one
    521of four ways after installing and or configuring the CS8900/20-based adapter:
    522
    523    1.  The system does not boot properly (or at all).
    524
    525    2.  The driver cannot communicate with the adapter, reporting an "Adapter
    526	not found" error message.
    527
    528    3.  You cannot connect to the network or the driver will not load.
    529
    530    4.  If you have configured the adapter to run in memory mode but the driver
    531	reports it is using IO mode when loading, this is an indication of a
    532	memory address conflict.
    533
    534If an IO conflict occurs, run the CS8900/20 Setup Utility and perform a
    535diagnostic self-test.  Normally, the ISA resource in conflict will fail the
    536self-test.  If so, reconfigure the adapter selecting another choice for the
    537resource in conflict.  Run the diagnostics again to check for further IO
    538conflicts.
    539
    540In some cases, such as when the PC will not boot, it may be necessary to remove
    541the adapter and reconfigure it by installing it in another PC to run the
    542CS8900/20 Setup Utility.  Once reinstalled in the target system, run the
    543diagnostics self-test to ensure the new configuration is free of conflicts
    544before loading the driver again.
    545
    546When manually configuring the adapter, keep in mind the typical ISA system
    547resource usage as indicated in the tables below.
    548
    549::
    550
    551  I/O Address    	Device                        IRQ      Device
    552  -----------    	--------                      ---      --------
    553     200-20F       	Game I/O adapter               3       COM2, Bus Mouse
    554     230-23F       	Bus Mouse                      4       COM1
    555     270-27F       	LPT3: third parallel port      5       LPT2
    556     2F0-2FF       	COM2: second serial port       6       Floppy Disk controller
    557     320-32F       	Fixed disk controller          7       LPT1
    558							 8       Real-time Clock
    559						     9       EGA/VGA display adapter
    560						    12       Mouse (PS/2)
    561  Memory Address  Device                          13       Math Coprocessor
    562  --------------  ---------------------           14       Hard Disk controller
    563  A000-BFFF	EGA Graphics Adapter
    564  A000-C7FF	VGA Graphics Adapter
    565  B000-BFFF	Mono Graphics Adapter
    566  B800-BFFF	Color Graphics Adapter
    567  E000-FFFF	AT BIOS
    568
    569
    570
    571
    5726. Technical Support
    573====================
    574
    5756.1. Contacting Cirrus Logic's Technical Support
    576------------------------------------------------
    577
    578Cirrus Logic's CS89XX Technical Application Support can be reached at::
    579
    580  Telephone  :(800) 888-5016 (from inside U.S. and Canada)
    581	     :(512) 442-7555 (from outside the U.S. and Canada)
    582  Fax        :(512) 912-3871
    583  Email      :ethernet@crystal.cirrus.com
    584  WWW        :http://www.cirrus.com
    585
    586
    5876.2. Information Required before Contacting Technical Support
    588-------------------------------------------------------------
    589
    590Before contacting Cirrus Logic for technical support, be prepared to provide as
    591Much of the following information as possible.
    592
    5931.) Adapter type (CRD8900, CDB8900, CDB8920, etc.)
    594
    5952.) Adapter configuration
    596
    597    * IO Base, Memory Base, IO or memory mode enabled, IRQ, DMA channel
    598    * Plug and Play enabled/disabled (CS8920-based adapters only)
    599    * Configured for media auto-detect or specific media type (which type).
    600
    6013.) PC System's Configuration
    602
    603    * Plug and Play system (yes/no)
    604    * BIOS (make and version)
    605    * System make and model
    606    * CPU (type and speed)
    607    * System RAM
    608    * SCSI Adapter
    609
    6104.) Software
    611
    612    * CS89XX driver and version
    613    * Your network operating system and version
    614    * Your system's OS version
    615    * Version of all protocol support files
    616
    6175.) Any Error Message displayed.
    618
    619
    620
    6216.3 Obtaining the Latest Driver Version
    622---------------------------------------
    623
    624You can obtain the latest CS89XX drivers and support software from Cirrus Logic's
    625Web site.  You can also contact Cirrus Logic's Technical Support (email:
    626ethernet@crystal.cirrus.com) and request that you be registered for automatic
    627software-update notification.
    628
    629Cirrus Logic maintains a web page at http://www.cirrus.com with the
    630latest drivers and technical publications.
    631
    632
    6336.4. Current maintainer
    634-----------------------
    635
    636In February 2000 the maintenance of this driver was assumed by Andrew
    637Morton.
    638
    6396.5 Kernel module parameters
    640----------------------------
    641
    642For use in embedded environments with no cs89x0 EEPROM, the kernel boot
    643parameter ``cs89x0_media=`` has been implemented.  Usage is::
    644
    645	cs89x0_media=rj45    or
    646	cs89x0_media=aui     or
    647	cs89x0_media=bnc