cachepc-linux

Fork of AMDESE/linux with modifications for CachePC side-channel attack
git clone https://git.sinitax.com/sinitax/cachepc-linux
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e1000e.rst (14954B)


      1.. SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0+
      2
      3=====================================================
      4Linux Driver for Intel(R) Ethernet Network Connection
      5=====================================================
      6
      7Intel Gigabit Linux driver.
      8Copyright(c) 2008-2018 Intel Corporation.
      9
     10Contents
     11========
     12
     13- Identifying Your Adapter
     14- Command Line Parameters
     15- Additional Configurations
     16- Support
     17
     18
     19Identifying Your Adapter
     20========================
     21For information on how to identify your adapter, and for the latest Intel
     22network drivers, refer to the Intel Support website:
     23https://www.intel.com/support
     24
     25
     26Command Line Parameters
     27=======================
     28If the driver is built as a module, the following optional parameters are used
     29by entering them on the command line with the modprobe command using this
     30syntax::
     31
     32    modprobe e1000e [<option>=<VAL1>,<VAL2>,...]
     33
     34There needs to be a <VAL#> for each network port in the system supported by
     35this driver. The values will be applied to each instance, in function order.
     36For example::
     37
     38    modprobe e1000e InterruptThrottleRate=16000,16000
     39
     40In this case, there are two network ports supported by e1000e in the system.
     41The default value for each parameter is generally the recommended setting,
     42unless otherwise noted.
     43
     44NOTE: A descriptor describes a data buffer and attributes related to the data
     45buffer. This information is accessed by the hardware.
     46
     47InterruptThrottleRate
     48---------------------
     49:Valid Range: 0,1,3,4,100-100000
     50:Default Value: 3
     51
     52Interrupt Throttle Rate controls the number of interrupts each interrupt
     53vector can generate per second. Increasing ITR lowers latency at the cost of
     54increased CPU utilization, though it may help throughput in some circumstances.
     55
     56Setting InterruptThrottleRate to a value greater or equal to 100
     57will program the adapter to send out a maximum of that many interrupts
     58per second, even if more packets have come in. This reduces interrupt
     59load on the system and can lower CPU utilization under heavy load,
     60but will increase latency as packets are not processed as quickly.
     61
     62The default behaviour of the driver previously assumed a static
     63InterruptThrottleRate value of 8000, providing a good fallback value for
     64all traffic types, but lacking in small packet performance and latency.
     65The hardware can handle many more small packets per second however, and
     66for this reason an adaptive interrupt moderation algorithm was implemented.
     67
     68The driver has two adaptive modes (setting 1 or 3) in which
     69it dynamically adjusts the InterruptThrottleRate value based on the traffic
     70that it receives. After determining the type of incoming traffic in the last
     71timeframe, it will adjust the InterruptThrottleRate to an appropriate value
     72for that traffic.
     73
     74The algorithm classifies the incoming traffic every interval into
     75classes.  Once the class is determined, the InterruptThrottleRate value is
     76adjusted to suit that traffic type the best. There are three classes defined:
     77"Bulk traffic", for large amounts of packets of normal size; "Low latency",
     78for small amounts of traffic and/or a significant percentage of small
     79packets; and "Lowest latency", for almost completely small packets or
     80minimal traffic.
     81
     82 - 0: Off
     83      Turns off any interrupt moderation and may improve small packet latency.
     84      However, this is generally not suitable for bulk throughput traffic due
     85      to the increased CPU utilization of the higher interrupt rate.
     86 - 1: Dynamic mode
     87      This mode attempts to moderate interrupts per vector while maintaining
     88      very low latency. This can sometimes cause extra CPU utilization. If
     89      planning on deploying e1000e in a latency sensitive environment, this
     90      parameter should be considered.
     91 - 3: Dynamic Conservative mode (default)
     92      In dynamic conservative mode, the InterruptThrottleRate value is set to
     93      4000 for traffic that falls in class "Bulk traffic". If traffic falls in
     94      the "Low latency" or "Lowest latency" class, the InterruptThrottleRate is
     95      increased stepwise to 20000. This default mode is suitable for most
     96      applications.
     97 - 4: Simplified Balancing mode
     98      In simplified mode the interrupt rate is based on the ratio of TX and
     99      RX traffic.  If the bytes per second rate is approximately equal, the
    100      interrupt rate will drop as low as 2000 interrupts per second.  If the
    101      traffic is mostly transmit or mostly receive, the interrupt rate could
    102      be as high as 8000.
    103 - 100-100000:
    104      Setting InterruptThrottleRate to a value greater or equal to 100
    105      will program the adapter to send at most that many interrupts per second,
    106      even if more packets have come in. This reduces interrupt load on the
    107      system and can lower CPU utilization under heavy load, but will increase
    108      latency as packets are not processed as quickly.
    109
    110NOTE: InterruptThrottleRate takes precedence over the TxAbsIntDelay and
    111RxAbsIntDelay parameters. In other words, minimizing the receive and/or
    112transmit absolute delays does not force the controller to generate more
    113interrupts than what the Interrupt Throttle Rate allows.
    114
    115RxIntDelay
    116----------
    117:Valid Range: 0-65535 (0=off)
    118:Default Value: 0
    119
    120This value delays the generation of receive interrupts in units of 1.024
    121microseconds. Receive interrupt reduction can improve CPU efficiency if
    122properly tuned for specific network traffic. Increasing this value adds extra
    123latency to frame reception and can end up decreasing the throughput of TCP
    124traffic. If the system is reporting dropped receives, this value may be set
    125too high, causing the driver to run out of available receive descriptors.
    126
    127CAUTION: When setting RxIntDelay to a value other than 0, adapters may hang
    128(stop transmitting) under certain network conditions. If this occurs a NETDEV
    129WATCHDOG message is logged in the system event log. In addition, the
    130controller is automatically reset, restoring the network connection. To
    131eliminate the potential for the hang ensure that RxIntDelay is set to 0.
    132
    133RxAbsIntDelay
    134-------------
    135:Valid Range: 0-65535 (0=off)
    136:Default Value: 8
    137
    138This value, in units of 1.024 microseconds, limits the delay in which a
    139receive interrupt is generated. This value ensures that an interrupt is
    140generated after the initial packet is received within the set amount of time,
    141which is useful only if RxIntDelay is non-zero. Proper tuning, along with
    142RxIntDelay, may improve traffic throughput in specific network conditions.
    143
    144TxIntDelay
    145----------
    146:Valid Range: 0-65535 (0=off)
    147:Default Value: 8
    148
    149This value delays the generation of transmit interrupts in units of 1.024
    150microseconds. Transmit interrupt reduction can improve CPU efficiency if
    151properly tuned for specific network traffic. If the system is reporting
    152dropped transmits, this value may be set too high causing the driver to run
    153out of available transmit descriptors.
    154
    155TxAbsIntDelay
    156-------------
    157:Valid Range: 0-65535 (0=off)
    158:Default Value: 32
    159
    160This value, in units of 1.024 microseconds, limits the delay in which a
    161transmit interrupt is generated. It is useful only if TxIntDelay is non-zero.
    162It ensures that an interrupt is generated after the initial Packet is sent on
    163the wire within the set amount of time. Proper tuning, along with TxIntDelay,
    164may improve traffic throughput in specific network conditions.
    165
    166copybreak
    167---------
    168:Valid Range: 0-xxxxxxx (0=off)
    169:Default Value: 256
    170
    171The driver copies all packets below or equaling this size to a fresh receive
    172buffer before handing it up the stack.
    173This parameter differs from other parameters because it is a single (not 1,1,1
    174etc.) parameter applied to all driver instances and it is also available
    175during runtime at /sys/module/e1000e/parameters/copybreak.
    176
    177To use copybreak, type::
    178
    179    modprobe e1000e.ko copybreak=128
    180
    181SmartPowerDownEnable
    182--------------------
    183:Valid Range: 0,1
    184:Default Value: 0 (disabled)
    185
    186Allows the PHY to turn off in lower power states. The user can turn off this
    187parameter in supported chipsets.
    188
    189KumeranLockLoss
    190---------------
    191:Valid Range: 0,1
    192:Default Value: 1 (enabled)
    193
    194This workaround skips resetting the PHY at shutdown for the initial silicon
    195releases of ICH8 systems.
    196
    197IntMode
    198-------
    199:Valid Range: 0-2
    200:Default Value: 0
    201
    202   +-------+----------------+
    203   | Value | Interrupt Mode |
    204   +=======+================+
    205   |   0   |     Legacy     |
    206   +-------+----------------+
    207   |   1   |       MSI      |
    208   +-------+----------------+
    209   |   2   |      MSI-X     |
    210   +-------+----------------+
    211
    212IntMode allows load time control over the type of interrupt registered for by
    213the driver. MSI-X is required for multiple queue support, and some kernels and
    214combinations of kernel .config options will force a lower level of interrupt
    215support.
    216
    217This command will show different values for each type of interrupt::
    218
    219  cat /proc/interrupts
    220
    221CrcStripping
    222------------
    223:Valid Range: 0,1
    224:Default Value: 1 (enabled)
    225
    226Strip the CRC from received packets before sending up the network stack. If
    227you have a machine with a BMC enabled but cannot receive IPMI traffic after
    228loading or enabling the driver, try disabling this feature.
    229
    230WriteProtectNVM
    231---------------
    232:Valid Range: 0,1
    233:Default Value: 1 (enabled)
    234
    235If set to 1, configure the hardware to ignore all write/erase cycles to the
    236GbE region in the ICHx NVM (in order to prevent accidental corruption of the
    237NVM). This feature can be disabled by setting the parameter to 0 during initial
    238driver load.
    239
    240NOTE: The machine must be power cycled (full off/on) when enabling NVM writes
    241via setting the parameter to zero. Once the NVM has been locked (via the
    242parameter at 1 when the driver loads) it cannot be unlocked except via power
    243cycle.
    244
    245Debug
    246-----
    247:Valid Range: 0-16 (0=none,...,16=all)
    248:Default Value: 0
    249
    250This parameter adjusts the level of debug messages displayed in the system logs.
    251
    252
    253Additional Features and Configurations
    254======================================
    255
    256Jumbo Frames
    257------------
    258Jumbo Frames support is enabled by changing the Maximum Transmission Unit (MTU)
    259to a value larger than the default value of 1500.
    260
    261Use the ifconfig command to increase the MTU size. For example, enter the
    262following where <x> is the interface number::
    263
    264    ifconfig eth<x> mtu 9000 up
    265
    266Alternatively, you can use the ip command as follows::
    267
    268    ip link set mtu 9000 dev eth<x>
    269    ip link set up dev eth<x>
    270
    271This setting is not saved across reboots. The setting change can be made
    272permanent by adding 'MTU=9000' to the file:
    273
    274- For RHEL: /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth<x>
    275- For SLES: /etc/sysconfig/network/<config_file>
    276
    277NOTE: The maximum MTU setting for Jumbo Frames is 8996. This value coincides
    278with the maximum Jumbo Frames size of 9018 bytes.
    279
    280NOTE: Using Jumbo frames at 10 or 100 Mbps is not supported and may result in
    281poor performance or loss of link.
    282
    283NOTE: The following adapters limit Jumbo Frames sized packets to a maximum of
    2844088 bytes:
    285
    286  - Intel(R) 82578DM Gigabit Network Connection
    287  - Intel(R) 82577LM Gigabit Network Connection
    288
    289The following adapters do not support Jumbo Frames:
    290
    291  - Intel(R) PRO/1000 Gigabit Server Adapter
    292  - Intel(R) PRO/1000 PM Network Connection
    293  - Intel(R) 82562G 10/100 Network Connection
    294  - Intel(R) 82562G-2 10/100 Network Connection
    295  - Intel(R) 82562GT 10/100 Network Connection
    296  - Intel(R) 82562GT-2 10/100 Network Connection
    297  - Intel(R) 82562V 10/100 Network Connection
    298  - Intel(R) 82562V-2 10/100 Network Connection
    299  - Intel(R) 82566DC Gigabit Network Connection
    300  - Intel(R) 82566DC-2 Gigabit Network Connection
    301  - Intel(R) 82566DM Gigabit Network Connection
    302  - Intel(R) 82566MC Gigabit Network Connection
    303  - Intel(R) 82566MM Gigabit Network Connection
    304  - Intel(R) 82567V-3 Gigabit Network Connection
    305  - Intel(R) 82577LC Gigabit Network Connection
    306  - Intel(R) 82578DC Gigabit Network Connection
    307
    308NOTE: Jumbo Frames cannot be configured on an 82579-based Network device if
    309MACSec is enabled on the system.
    310
    311
    312ethtool
    313-------
    314The driver utilizes the ethtool interface for driver configuration and
    315diagnostics, as well as displaying statistical information. The latest ethtool
    316version is required for this functionality. Download it at:
    317
    318https://www.kernel.org/pub/software/network/ethtool/
    319
    320NOTE: When validating enable/disable tests on some parts (for example, 82578),
    321it is necessary to add a few seconds between tests when working with ethtool.
    322
    323
    324Speed and Duplex Configuration
    325------------------------------
    326In addressing speed and duplex configuration issues, you need to distinguish
    327between copper-based adapters and fiber-based adapters.
    328
    329In the default mode, an Intel(R) Ethernet Network Adapter using copper
    330connections will attempt to auto-negotiate with its link partner to determine
    331the best setting. If the adapter cannot establish link with the link partner
    332using auto-negotiation, you may need to manually configure the adapter and link
    333partner to identical settings to establish link and pass packets. This should
    334only be needed when attempting to link with an older switch that does not
    335support auto-negotiation or one that has been forced to a specific speed or
    336duplex mode. Your link partner must match the setting you choose. 1 Gbps speeds
    337and higher cannot be forced. Use the autonegotiation advertising setting to
    338manually set devices for 1 Gbps and higher.
    339
    340Speed, duplex, and autonegotiation advertising are configured through the
    341ethtool utility.
    342
    343Caution: Only experienced network administrators should force speed and duplex
    344or change autonegotiation advertising manually. The settings at the switch must
    345always match the adapter settings. Adapter performance may suffer or your
    346adapter may not operate if you configure the adapter differently from your
    347switch.
    348
    349An Intel(R) Ethernet Network Adapter using fiber-based connections, however,
    350will not attempt to auto-negotiate with its link partner since those adapters
    351operate only in full duplex and only at their native speed.
    352
    353
    354Enabling Wake on LAN (WoL)
    355--------------------------
    356WoL is configured through the ethtool utility.
    357
    358WoL will be enabled on the system during the next shut down or reboot. For
    359this driver version, in order to enable WoL, the e1000e driver must be loaded
    360prior to shutting down or suspending the system.
    361
    362NOTE: Wake on LAN is only supported on port A for the following devices:
    363- Intel(R) PRO/1000 PT Dual Port Network Connection
    364- Intel(R) PRO/1000 PT Dual Port Server Connection
    365- Intel(R) PRO/1000 PT Dual Port Server Adapter
    366- Intel(R) PRO/1000 PF Dual Port Server Adapter
    367- Intel(R) PRO/1000 PT Quad Port Server Adapter
    368- Intel(R) Gigabit PT Quad Port Server ExpressModule
    369
    370
    371Support
    372=======
    373For general information, go to the Intel support website at:
    374
    375https://www.intel.com/support/
    376
    377or the Intel Wired Networking project hosted by Sourceforge at:
    378
    379https://sourceforge.net/projects/e1000
    380
    381If an issue is identified with the released source code on a supported kernel
    382with a supported adapter, email the specific information related to the issue
    383to e1000-devel@lists.sf.net.