cachepc-linux

Fork of AMDESE/linux with modifications for CachePC side-channel attack
git clone https://git.sinitax.com/sinitax/cachepc-linux
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vidioc-g-fbuf.rst (13399B)


      1.. SPDX-License-Identifier: GFDL-1.1-no-invariants-or-later
      2.. c:namespace:: V4L
      3
      4.. _VIDIOC_G_FBUF:
      5
      6**********************************
      7ioctl VIDIOC_G_FBUF, VIDIOC_S_FBUF
      8**********************************
      9
     10Name
     11====
     12
     13VIDIOC_G_FBUF - VIDIOC_S_FBUF - Get or set frame buffer overlay parameters
     14
     15Synopsis
     16========
     17
     18.. c:macro:: VIDIOC_G_FBUF
     19
     20``int ioctl(int fd, VIDIOC_G_FBUF, struct v4l2_framebuffer *argp)``
     21
     22.. c:macro:: VIDIOC_S_FBUF
     23
     24``int ioctl(int fd, VIDIOC_S_FBUF, const struct v4l2_framebuffer *argp)``
     25
     26Arguments
     27=========
     28
     29``fd``
     30    File descriptor returned by :c:func:`open()`.
     31
     32``argp``
     33    Pointer to struct :c:type:`v4l2_framebuffer`.
     34
     35Description
     36===========
     37
     38Applications can use the :ref:`VIDIOC_G_FBUF <VIDIOC_G_FBUF>` and :ref:`VIDIOC_S_FBUF <VIDIOC_G_FBUF>` ioctl
     39to get and set the framebuffer parameters for a
     40:ref:`Video Overlay <overlay>` or :ref:`Video Output Overlay <osd>`
     41(OSD). The type of overlay is implied by the device type (capture or
     42output device) and can be determined with the
     43:ref:`VIDIOC_QUERYCAP` ioctl. One ``/dev/videoN``
     44device must not support both kinds of overlay.
     45
     46The V4L2 API distinguishes destructive and non-destructive overlays. A
     47destructive overlay copies captured video images into the video memory
     48of a graphics card. A non-destructive overlay blends video images into a
     49VGA signal or graphics into a video signal. *Video Output Overlays* are
     50always non-destructive.
     51
     52To get the current parameters applications call the :ref:`VIDIOC_G_FBUF <VIDIOC_G_FBUF>`
     53ioctl with a pointer to a struct :c:type:`v4l2_framebuffer`
     54structure. The driver fills all fields of the structure or returns an
     55EINVAL error code when overlays are not supported.
     56
     57To set the parameters for a *Video Output Overlay*, applications must
     58initialize the ``flags`` field of a struct
     59:c:type:`v4l2_framebuffer`. Since the framebuffer is
     60implemented on the TV card all other parameters are determined by the
     61driver. When an application calls :ref:`VIDIOC_S_FBUF <VIDIOC_G_FBUF>` with a pointer to
     62this structure, the driver prepares for the overlay and returns the
     63framebuffer parameters as :ref:`VIDIOC_G_FBUF <VIDIOC_G_FBUF>` does, or it returns an error
     64code.
     65
     66To set the parameters for a *non-destructive Video Overlay*,
     67applications must initialize the ``flags`` field, the ``fmt``
     68substructure, and call :ref:`VIDIOC_S_FBUF <VIDIOC_G_FBUF>`. Again the driver prepares for
     69the overlay and returns the framebuffer parameters as :ref:`VIDIOC_G_FBUF <VIDIOC_G_FBUF>`
     70does, or it returns an error code.
     71
     72For a *destructive Video Overlay* applications must additionally provide
     73a ``base`` address. Setting up a DMA to a random memory location can
     74jeopardize the system security, its stability or even damage the
     75hardware, therefore only the superuser can set the parameters for a
     76destructive video overlay.
     77
     78.. tabularcolumns:: |p{3.5cm}|p{3.5cm}|p{3.5cm}|p{6.6cm}|
     79
     80.. c:type:: v4l2_framebuffer
     81
     82.. cssclass:: longtable
     83
     84.. flat-table:: struct v4l2_framebuffer
     85    :header-rows:  0
     86    :stub-columns: 0
     87    :widths:       1 1 1 2
     88
     89    * - __u32
     90      - ``capability``
     91      -
     92      - Overlay capability flags set by the driver, see
     93	:ref:`framebuffer-cap`.
     94    * - __u32
     95      - ``flags``
     96      -
     97      - Overlay control flags set by application and driver, see
     98	:ref:`framebuffer-flags`
     99    * - void *
    100      - ``base``
    101      -
    102      - Physical base address of the framebuffer, that is the address of
    103	the pixel in the top left corner of the framebuffer. [#f1]_
    104    * -
    105      -
    106      -
    107      - This field is irrelevant to *non-destructive Video Overlays*. For
    108	*destructive Video Overlays* applications must provide a base
    109	address. The driver may accept only base addresses which are a
    110	multiple of two, four or eight bytes. For *Video Output Overlays*
    111	the driver must return a valid base address, so applications can
    112	find the corresponding Linux framebuffer device (see
    113	:ref:`osd`).
    114    * - struct
    115      - ``fmt``
    116      -
    117      - Layout of the frame buffer.
    118    * -
    119      - __u32
    120      - ``width``
    121      - Width of the frame buffer in pixels.
    122    * -
    123      - __u32
    124      - ``height``
    125      - Height of the frame buffer in pixels.
    126    * -
    127      - __u32
    128      - ``pixelformat``
    129      - The pixel format of the framebuffer.
    130    * -
    131      -
    132      -
    133      - For *non-destructive Video Overlays* this field only defines a
    134	format for the struct :c:type:`v4l2_window`
    135	``chromakey`` field.
    136    * -
    137      -
    138      -
    139      - For *destructive Video Overlays* applications must initialize this
    140	field. For *Video Output Overlays* the driver must return a valid
    141	format.
    142    * -
    143      -
    144      -
    145      - Usually this is an RGB format (for example
    146	:ref:`V4L2_PIX_FMT_RGB565 <V4L2-PIX-FMT-RGB565>`) but YUV
    147	formats (only packed YUV formats when chroma keying is used, not
    148	including ``V4L2_PIX_FMT_YUYV`` and ``V4L2_PIX_FMT_UYVY``) and the
    149	``V4L2_PIX_FMT_PAL8`` format are also permitted. The behavior of
    150	the driver when an application requests a compressed format is
    151	undefined. See :ref:`pixfmt` for information on pixel formats.
    152    * -
    153      - enum :c:type:`v4l2_field`
    154      - ``field``
    155      - Drivers and applications shall ignore this field. If applicable,
    156	the field order is selected with the
    157	:ref:`VIDIOC_S_FMT <VIDIOC_G_FMT>` ioctl, using the ``field``
    158	field of struct :c:type:`v4l2_window`.
    159    * -
    160      - __u32
    161      - ``bytesperline``
    162      - Distance in bytes between the leftmost pixels in two adjacent
    163	lines.
    164    * - :cspan:`3`
    165
    166	This field is irrelevant to *non-destructive Video Overlays*.
    167
    168	For *destructive Video Overlays* both applications and drivers can
    169	set this field to request padding bytes at the end of each line.
    170	Drivers however may ignore the requested value, returning
    171	``width`` times bytes-per-pixel or a larger value required by the
    172	hardware. That implies applications can just set this field to
    173	zero to get a reasonable default.
    174
    175	For *Video Output Overlays* the driver must return a valid value.
    176
    177	Video hardware may access padding bytes, therefore they must
    178	reside in accessible memory. Consider for example the case where
    179	padding bytes after the last line of an image cross a system page
    180	boundary. Capture devices may write padding bytes, the value is
    181	undefined. Output devices ignore the contents of padding bytes.
    182
    183	When the image format is planar the ``bytesperline`` value applies
    184	to the first plane and is divided by the same factor as the
    185	``width`` field for the other planes. For example the Cb and Cr
    186	planes of a YUV 4:2:0 image have half as many padding bytes
    187	following each line as the Y plane. To avoid ambiguities drivers
    188	must return a ``bytesperline`` value rounded up to a multiple of
    189	the scale factor.
    190    * -
    191      - __u32
    192      - ``sizeimage``
    193      - This field is irrelevant to *non-destructive Video Overlays*. For
    194	*destructive Video Overlays* applications must initialize this
    195	field. For *Video Output Overlays* the driver must return a valid
    196	format.
    197
    198	Together with ``base`` it defines the framebuffer memory
    199	accessible by the driver.
    200    * -
    201      - enum :c:type:`v4l2_colorspace`
    202      - ``colorspace``
    203      - This information supplements the ``pixelformat`` and must be set
    204	by the driver, see :ref:`colorspaces`.
    205    * -
    206      - __u32
    207      - ``priv``
    208      - Reserved. Drivers and applications must set this field to zero.
    209
    210.. tabularcolumns:: |p{7.4cm}|p{1.6cm}|p{8.3cm}|
    211
    212.. _framebuffer-cap:
    213
    214.. flat-table:: Frame Buffer Capability Flags
    215    :header-rows:  0
    216    :stub-columns: 0
    217    :widths:       3 1 4
    218
    219    * - ``V4L2_FBUF_CAP_EXTERNOVERLAY``
    220      - 0x0001
    221      - The device is capable of non-destructive overlays. When the driver
    222	clears this flag, only destructive overlays are supported. There
    223	are no drivers yet which support both destructive and
    224	non-destructive overlays. Video Output Overlays are in practice
    225	always non-destructive.
    226    * - ``V4L2_FBUF_CAP_CHROMAKEY``
    227      - 0x0002
    228      - The device supports clipping by chroma-keying the images. That is,
    229	image pixels replace pixels in the VGA or video signal only where
    230	the latter assume a certain color. Chroma-keying makes no sense
    231	for destructive overlays.
    232    * - ``V4L2_FBUF_CAP_LIST_CLIPPING``
    233      - 0x0004
    234      - The device supports clipping using a list of clip rectangles.
    235    * - ``V4L2_FBUF_CAP_BITMAP_CLIPPING``
    236      - 0x0008
    237      - The device supports clipping using a bit mask.
    238    * - ``V4L2_FBUF_CAP_LOCAL_ALPHA``
    239      - 0x0010
    240      - The device supports clipping/blending using the alpha channel of
    241	the framebuffer or VGA signal. Alpha blending makes no sense for
    242	destructive overlays.
    243    * - ``V4L2_FBUF_CAP_GLOBAL_ALPHA``
    244      - 0x0020
    245      - The device supports alpha blending using a global alpha value.
    246	Alpha blending makes no sense for destructive overlays.
    247    * - ``V4L2_FBUF_CAP_LOCAL_INV_ALPHA``
    248      - 0x0040
    249      - The device supports clipping/blending using the inverted alpha
    250	channel of the framebuffer or VGA signal. Alpha blending makes no
    251	sense for destructive overlays.
    252    * - ``V4L2_FBUF_CAP_SRC_CHROMAKEY``
    253      - 0x0080
    254      - The device supports Source Chroma-keying. Video pixels with the
    255	chroma-key colors are replaced by framebuffer pixels, which is
    256	exactly opposite of ``V4L2_FBUF_CAP_CHROMAKEY``
    257
    258.. tabularcolumns:: |p{7.4cm}|p{1.6cm}|p{8.3cm}|
    259
    260.. _framebuffer-flags:
    261
    262.. cssclass:: longtable
    263
    264.. flat-table:: Frame Buffer Flags
    265    :header-rows:  0
    266    :stub-columns: 0
    267    :widths:       3 1 4
    268
    269    * - ``V4L2_FBUF_FLAG_PRIMARY``
    270      - 0x0001
    271      - The framebuffer is the primary graphics surface. In other words,
    272	the overlay is destructive. This flag is typically set by any
    273	driver that doesn't have the ``V4L2_FBUF_CAP_EXTERNOVERLAY``
    274	capability and it is cleared otherwise.
    275    * - ``V4L2_FBUF_FLAG_OVERLAY``
    276      - 0x0002
    277      - If this flag is set for a video capture device, then the driver
    278	will set the initial overlay size to cover the full framebuffer
    279	size, otherwise the existing overlay size (as set by
    280	:ref:`VIDIOC_S_FMT <VIDIOC_G_FMT>`) will be used. Only one
    281	video capture driver (bttv) supports this flag. The use of this
    282	flag for capture devices is deprecated. There is no way to detect
    283	which drivers support this flag, so the only reliable method of
    284	setting the overlay size is through
    285	:ref:`VIDIOC_S_FMT <VIDIOC_G_FMT>`. If this flag is set for a
    286	video output device, then the video output overlay window is
    287	relative to the top-left corner of the framebuffer and restricted
    288	to the size of the framebuffer. If it is cleared, then the video
    289	output overlay window is relative to the video output display.
    290    * - ``V4L2_FBUF_FLAG_CHROMAKEY``
    291      - 0x0004
    292      - Use chroma-keying. The chroma-key color is determined by the
    293	``chromakey`` field of struct :c:type:`v4l2_window`
    294	and negotiated with the :ref:`VIDIOC_S_FMT <VIDIOC_G_FMT>`
    295	ioctl, see :ref:`overlay` and :ref:`osd`.
    296    * - :cspan:`2` There are no flags to enable clipping using a list of
    297	clip rectangles or a bitmap. These methods are negotiated with the
    298	:ref:`VIDIOC_S_FMT <VIDIOC_G_FMT>` ioctl, see :ref:`overlay`
    299	and :ref:`osd`.
    300    * - ``V4L2_FBUF_FLAG_LOCAL_ALPHA``
    301      - 0x0008
    302      - Use the alpha channel of the framebuffer to clip or blend
    303	framebuffer pixels with video images. The blend function is:
    304	output = framebuffer pixel * alpha + video pixel * (1 - alpha).
    305	The actual alpha depth depends on the framebuffer pixel format.
    306    * - ``V4L2_FBUF_FLAG_GLOBAL_ALPHA``
    307      - 0x0010
    308      - Use a global alpha value to blend the framebuffer with video
    309	images. The blend function is: output = (framebuffer pixel * alpha
    310	+ video pixel * (255 - alpha)) / 255. The alpha value is
    311	determined by the ``global_alpha`` field of struct
    312	:c:type:`v4l2_window` and negotiated with the
    313	:ref:`VIDIOC_S_FMT <VIDIOC_G_FMT>` ioctl, see :ref:`overlay`
    314	and :ref:`osd`.
    315    * - ``V4L2_FBUF_FLAG_LOCAL_INV_ALPHA``
    316      - 0x0020
    317      - Like ``V4L2_FBUF_FLAG_LOCAL_ALPHA``, use the alpha channel of the
    318	framebuffer to clip or blend framebuffer pixels with video images,
    319	but with an inverted alpha value. The blend function is: output =
    320	framebuffer pixel * (1 - alpha) + video pixel * alpha. The actual
    321	alpha depth depends on the framebuffer pixel format.
    322    * - ``V4L2_FBUF_FLAG_SRC_CHROMAKEY``
    323      - 0x0040
    324      - Use source chroma-keying. The source chroma-key color is
    325	determined by the ``chromakey`` field of struct
    326	:c:type:`v4l2_window` and negotiated with the
    327	:ref:`VIDIOC_S_FMT <VIDIOC_G_FMT>` ioctl, see :ref:`overlay`
    328	and :ref:`osd`. Both chroma-keying are mutual exclusive to each
    329	other, so same ``chromakey`` field of struct
    330	:c:type:`v4l2_window` is being used.
    331
    332Return Value
    333============
    334
    335On success 0 is returned, on error -1 and the ``errno`` variable is set
    336appropriately. The generic error codes are described at the
    337:ref:`Generic Error Codes <gen-errors>` chapter.
    338
    339EPERM
    340    :ref:`VIDIOC_S_FBUF <VIDIOC_G_FBUF>` can only be called by a privileged user to
    341    negotiate the parameters for a destructive overlay.
    342
    343EINVAL
    344    The :ref:`VIDIOC_S_FBUF <VIDIOC_G_FBUF>` parameters are unsuitable.
    345
    346.. [#f1]
    347   A physical base address may not suit all platforms. GK notes in
    348   theory we should pass something like PCI device + memory region +
    349   offset instead. If you encounter problems please discuss on the
    350   linux-media mailing list:
    351   `https://linuxtv.org/lists.php <https://linuxtv.org/lists.php>`__.