cachepc-linux

Fork of AMDESE/linux with modifications for CachePC side-channel attack
git clone https://git.sinitax.com/sinitax/cachepc-linux
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debug.c (16529B)


      1// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-or-later
      2/*
      3 * Copyright (c) International Business Machines Corp., 2006
      4 *
      5 * Author: Artem Bityutskiy (Битюцкий Артём)
      6 */
      7
      8#include "ubi.h"
      9#include <linux/debugfs.h>
     10#include <linux/uaccess.h>
     11#include <linux/module.h>
     12#include <linux/seq_file.h>
     13
     14
     15/**
     16 * ubi_dump_flash - dump a region of flash.
     17 * @ubi: UBI device description object
     18 * @pnum: the physical eraseblock number to dump
     19 * @offset: the starting offset within the physical eraseblock to dump
     20 * @len: the length of the region to dump
     21 */
     22void ubi_dump_flash(struct ubi_device *ubi, int pnum, int offset, int len)
     23{
     24	int err;
     25	size_t read;
     26	void *buf;
     27	loff_t addr = (loff_t)pnum * ubi->peb_size + offset;
     28
     29	buf = vmalloc(len);
     30	if (!buf)
     31		return;
     32	err = mtd_read(ubi->mtd, addr, len, &read, buf);
     33	if (err && err != -EUCLEAN) {
     34		ubi_err(ubi, "err %d while reading %d bytes from PEB %d:%d, read %zd bytes",
     35			err, len, pnum, offset, read);
     36		goto out;
     37	}
     38
     39	ubi_msg(ubi, "dumping %d bytes of data from PEB %d, offset %d",
     40		len, pnum, offset);
     41	print_hex_dump(KERN_DEBUG, "", DUMP_PREFIX_OFFSET, 32, 1, buf, len, 1);
     42out:
     43	vfree(buf);
     44	return;
     45}
     46
     47/**
     48 * ubi_dump_ec_hdr - dump an erase counter header.
     49 * @ec_hdr: the erase counter header to dump
     50 */
     51void ubi_dump_ec_hdr(const struct ubi_ec_hdr *ec_hdr)
     52{
     53	pr_err("Erase counter header dump:\n");
     54	pr_err("\tmagic          %#08x\n", be32_to_cpu(ec_hdr->magic));
     55	pr_err("\tversion        %d\n", (int)ec_hdr->version);
     56	pr_err("\tec             %llu\n", (long long)be64_to_cpu(ec_hdr->ec));
     57	pr_err("\tvid_hdr_offset %d\n", be32_to_cpu(ec_hdr->vid_hdr_offset));
     58	pr_err("\tdata_offset    %d\n", be32_to_cpu(ec_hdr->data_offset));
     59	pr_err("\timage_seq      %d\n", be32_to_cpu(ec_hdr->image_seq));
     60	pr_err("\thdr_crc        %#08x\n", be32_to_cpu(ec_hdr->hdr_crc));
     61	pr_err("erase counter header hexdump:\n");
     62	print_hex_dump(KERN_DEBUG, "", DUMP_PREFIX_OFFSET, 32, 1,
     63		       ec_hdr, UBI_EC_HDR_SIZE, 1);
     64}
     65
     66/**
     67 * ubi_dump_vid_hdr - dump a volume identifier header.
     68 * @vid_hdr: the volume identifier header to dump
     69 */
     70void ubi_dump_vid_hdr(const struct ubi_vid_hdr *vid_hdr)
     71{
     72	pr_err("Volume identifier header dump:\n");
     73	pr_err("\tmagic     %08x\n", be32_to_cpu(vid_hdr->magic));
     74	pr_err("\tversion   %d\n",  (int)vid_hdr->version);
     75	pr_err("\tvol_type  %d\n",  (int)vid_hdr->vol_type);
     76	pr_err("\tcopy_flag %d\n",  (int)vid_hdr->copy_flag);
     77	pr_err("\tcompat    %d\n",  (int)vid_hdr->compat);
     78	pr_err("\tvol_id    %d\n",  be32_to_cpu(vid_hdr->vol_id));
     79	pr_err("\tlnum      %d\n",  be32_to_cpu(vid_hdr->lnum));
     80	pr_err("\tdata_size %d\n",  be32_to_cpu(vid_hdr->data_size));
     81	pr_err("\tused_ebs  %d\n",  be32_to_cpu(vid_hdr->used_ebs));
     82	pr_err("\tdata_pad  %d\n",  be32_to_cpu(vid_hdr->data_pad));
     83	pr_err("\tsqnum     %llu\n",
     84		(unsigned long long)be64_to_cpu(vid_hdr->sqnum));
     85	pr_err("\thdr_crc   %08x\n", be32_to_cpu(vid_hdr->hdr_crc));
     86	pr_err("Volume identifier header hexdump:\n");
     87	print_hex_dump(KERN_DEBUG, "", DUMP_PREFIX_OFFSET, 32, 1,
     88		       vid_hdr, UBI_VID_HDR_SIZE, 1);
     89}
     90
     91/**
     92 * ubi_dump_vol_info - dump volume information.
     93 * @vol: UBI volume description object
     94 */
     95void ubi_dump_vol_info(const struct ubi_volume *vol)
     96{
     97	pr_err("Volume information dump:\n");
     98	pr_err("\tvol_id          %d\n", vol->vol_id);
     99	pr_err("\treserved_pebs   %d\n", vol->reserved_pebs);
    100	pr_err("\talignment       %d\n", vol->alignment);
    101	pr_err("\tdata_pad        %d\n", vol->data_pad);
    102	pr_err("\tvol_type        %d\n", vol->vol_type);
    103	pr_err("\tname_len        %d\n", vol->name_len);
    104	pr_err("\tusable_leb_size %d\n", vol->usable_leb_size);
    105	pr_err("\tused_ebs        %d\n", vol->used_ebs);
    106	pr_err("\tused_bytes      %lld\n", vol->used_bytes);
    107	pr_err("\tlast_eb_bytes   %d\n", vol->last_eb_bytes);
    108	pr_err("\tcorrupted       %d\n", vol->corrupted);
    109	pr_err("\tupd_marker      %d\n", vol->upd_marker);
    110	pr_err("\tskip_check      %d\n", vol->skip_check);
    111
    112	if (vol->name_len <= UBI_VOL_NAME_MAX &&
    113	    strnlen(vol->name, vol->name_len + 1) == vol->name_len) {
    114		pr_err("\tname            %s\n", vol->name);
    115	} else {
    116		pr_err("\t1st 5 characters of name: %c%c%c%c%c\n",
    117		       vol->name[0], vol->name[1], vol->name[2],
    118		       vol->name[3], vol->name[4]);
    119	}
    120}
    121
    122/**
    123 * ubi_dump_vtbl_record - dump a &struct ubi_vtbl_record object.
    124 * @r: the object to dump
    125 * @idx: volume table index
    126 */
    127void ubi_dump_vtbl_record(const struct ubi_vtbl_record *r, int idx)
    128{
    129	int name_len = be16_to_cpu(r->name_len);
    130
    131	pr_err("Volume table record %d dump:\n", idx);
    132	pr_err("\treserved_pebs   %d\n", be32_to_cpu(r->reserved_pebs));
    133	pr_err("\talignment       %d\n", be32_to_cpu(r->alignment));
    134	pr_err("\tdata_pad        %d\n", be32_to_cpu(r->data_pad));
    135	pr_err("\tvol_type        %d\n", (int)r->vol_type);
    136	pr_err("\tupd_marker      %d\n", (int)r->upd_marker);
    137	pr_err("\tname_len        %d\n", name_len);
    138
    139	if (r->name[0] == '\0') {
    140		pr_err("\tname            NULL\n");
    141		return;
    142	}
    143
    144	if (name_len <= UBI_VOL_NAME_MAX &&
    145	    strnlen(&r->name[0], name_len + 1) == name_len) {
    146		pr_err("\tname            %s\n", &r->name[0]);
    147	} else {
    148		pr_err("\t1st 5 characters of name: %c%c%c%c%c\n",
    149			r->name[0], r->name[1], r->name[2], r->name[3],
    150			r->name[4]);
    151	}
    152	pr_err("\tcrc             %#08x\n", be32_to_cpu(r->crc));
    153}
    154
    155/**
    156 * ubi_dump_av - dump a &struct ubi_ainf_volume object.
    157 * @av: the object to dump
    158 */
    159void ubi_dump_av(const struct ubi_ainf_volume *av)
    160{
    161	pr_err("Volume attaching information dump:\n");
    162	pr_err("\tvol_id         %d\n", av->vol_id);
    163	pr_err("\thighest_lnum   %d\n", av->highest_lnum);
    164	pr_err("\tleb_count      %d\n", av->leb_count);
    165	pr_err("\tcompat         %d\n", av->compat);
    166	pr_err("\tvol_type       %d\n", av->vol_type);
    167	pr_err("\tused_ebs       %d\n", av->used_ebs);
    168	pr_err("\tlast_data_size %d\n", av->last_data_size);
    169	pr_err("\tdata_pad       %d\n", av->data_pad);
    170}
    171
    172/**
    173 * ubi_dump_aeb - dump a &struct ubi_ainf_peb object.
    174 * @aeb: the object to dump
    175 * @type: object type: 0 - not corrupted, 1 - corrupted
    176 */
    177void ubi_dump_aeb(const struct ubi_ainf_peb *aeb, int type)
    178{
    179	pr_err("eraseblock attaching information dump:\n");
    180	pr_err("\tec       %d\n", aeb->ec);
    181	pr_err("\tpnum     %d\n", aeb->pnum);
    182	if (type == 0) {
    183		pr_err("\tlnum     %d\n", aeb->lnum);
    184		pr_err("\tscrub    %d\n", aeb->scrub);
    185		pr_err("\tsqnum    %llu\n", aeb->sqnum);
    186	}
    187}
    188
    189/**
    190 * ubi_dump_mkvol_req - dump a &struct ubi_mkvol_req object.
    191 * @req: the object to dump
    192 */
    193void ubi_dump_mkvol_req(const struct ubi_mkvol_req *req)
    194{
    195	char nm[17];
    196
    197	pr_err("Volume creation request dump:\n");
    198	pr_err("\tvol_id    %d\n",   req->vol_id);
    199	pr_err("\talignment %d\n",   req->alignment);
    200	pr_err("\tbytes     %lld\n", (long long)req->bytes);
    201	pr_err("\tvol_type  %d\n",   req->vol_type);
    202	pr_err("\tname_len  %d\n",   req->name_len);
    203
    204	memcpy(nm, req->name, 16);
    205	nm[16] = 0;
    206	pr_err("\t1st 16 characters of name: %s\n", nm);
    207}
    208
    209/*
    210 * Root directory for UBI stuff in debugfs. Contains sub-directories which
    211 * contain the stuff specific to particular UBI devices.
    212 */
    213static struct dentry *dfs_rootdir;
    214
    215/**
    216 * ubi_debugfs_init - create UBI debugfs directory.
    217 *
    218 * Create UBI debugfs directory. Returns zero in case of success and a negative
    219 * error code in case of failure.
    220 */
    221int ubi_debugfs_init(void)
    222{
    223	if (!IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_DEBUG_FS))
    224		return 0;
    225
    226	dfs_rootdir = debugfs_create_dir("ubi", NULL);
    227	if (IS_ERR_OR_NULL(dfs_rootdir)) {
    228		int err = dfs_rootdir ? PTR_ERR(dfs_rootdir) : -ENODEV;
    229
    230		pr_err("UBI error: cannot create \"ubi\" debugfs directory, error %d\n",
    231		       err);
    232		return err;
    233	}
    234
    235	return 0;
    236}
    237
    238/**
    239 * ubi_debugfs_exit - remove UBI debugfs directory.
    240 */
    241void ubi_debugfs_exit(void)
    242{
    243	if (IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_DEBUG_FS))
    244		debugfs_remove(dfs_rootdir);
    245}
    246
    247/* Read an UBI debugfs file */
    248static ssize_t dfs_file_read(struct file *file, char __user *user_buf,
    249			     size_t count, loff_t *ppos)
    250{
    251	unsigned long ubi_num = (unsigned long)file->private_data;
    252	struct dentry *dent = file->f_path.dentry;
    253	struct ubi_device *ubi;
    254	struct ubi_debug_info *d;
    255	char buf[8];
    256	int val;
    257
    258	ubi = ubi_get_device(ubi_num);
    259	if (!ubi)
    260		return -ENODEV;
    261	d = &ubi->dbg;
    262
    263	if (dent == d->dfs_chk_gen)
    264		val = d->chk_gen;
    265	else if (dent == d->dfs_chk_io)
    266		val = d->chk_io;
    267	else if (dent == d->dfs_chk_fastmap)
    268		val = d->chk_fastmap;
    269	else if (dent == d->dfs_disable_bgt)
    270		val = d->disable_bgt;
    271	else if (dent == d->dfs_emulate_bitflips)
    272		val = d->emulate_bitflips;
    273	else if (dent == d->dfs_emulate_io_failures)
    274		val = d->emulate_io_failures;
    275	else if (dent == d->dfs_emulate_power_cut) {
    276		snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "%u\n", d->emulate_power_cut);
    277		count = simple_read_from_buffer(user_buf, count, ppos,
    278						buf, strlen(buf));
    279		goto out;
    280	} else if (dent == d->dfs_power_cut_min) {
    281		snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "%u\n", d->power_cut_min);
    282		count = simple_read_from_buffer(user_buf, count, ppos,
    283						buf, strlen(buf));
    284		goto out;
    285	} else if (dent == d->dfs_power_cut_max) {
    286		snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "%u\n", d->power_cut_max);
    287		count = simple_read_from_buffer(user_buf, count, ppos,
    288						buf, strlen(buf));
    289		goto out;
    290	}
    291	else {
    292		count = -EINVAL;
    293		goto out;
    294	}
    295
    296	if (val)
    297		buf[0] = '1';
    298	else
    299		buf[0] = '0';
    300	buf[1] = '\n';
    301	buf[2] = 0x00;
    302
    303	count = simple_read_from_buffer(user_buf, count, ppos, buf, 2);
    304
    305out:
    306	ubi_put_device(ubi);
    307	return count;
    308}
    309
    310/* Write an UBI debugfs file */
    311static ssize_t dfs_file_write(struct file *file, const char __user *user_buf,
    312			      size_t count, loff_t *ppos)
    313{
    314	unsigned long ubi_num = (unsigned long)file->private_data;
    315	struct dentry *dent = file->f_path.dentry;
    316	struct ubi_device *ubi;
    317	struct ubi_debug_info *d;
    318	size_t buf_size;
    319	char buf[8] = {0};
    320	int val;
    321
    322	ubi = ubi_get_device(ubi_num);
    323	if (!ubi)
    324		return -ENODEV;
    325	d = &ubi->dbg;
    326
    327	buf_size = min_t(size_t, count, (sizeof(buf) - 1));
    328	if (copy_from_user(buf, user_buf, buf_size)) {
    329		count = -EFAULT;
    330		goto out;
    331	}
    332
    333	if (dent == d->dfs_power_cut_min) {
    334		if (kstrtouint(buf, 0, &d->power_cut_min) != 0)
    335			count = -EINVAL;
    336		goto out;
    337	} else if (dent == d->dfs_power_cut_max) {
    338		if (kstrtouint(buf, 0, &d->power_cut_max) != 0)
    339			count = -EINVAL;
    340		goto out;
    341	} else if (dent == d->dfs_emulate_power_cut) {
    342		if (kstrtoint(buf, 0, &val) != 0)
    343			count = -EINVAL;
    344		else
    345			d->emulate_power_cut = val;
    346		goto out;
    347	}
    348
    349	if (buf[0] == '1')
    350		val = 1;
    351	else if (buf[0] == '0')
    352		val = 0;
    353	else {
    354		count = -EINVAL;
    355		goto out;
    356	}
    357
    358	if (dent == d->dfs_chk_gen)
    359		d->chk_gen = val;
    360	else if (dent == d->dfs_chk_io)
    361		d->chk_io = val;
    362	else if (dent == d->dfs_chk_fastmap)
    363		d->chk_fastmap = val;
    364	else if (dent == d->dfs_disable_bgt)
    365		d->disable_bgt = val;
    366	else if (dent == d->dfs_emulate_bitflips)
    367		d->emulate_bitflips = val;
    368	else if (dent == d->dfs_emulate_io_failures)
    369		d->emulate_io_failures = val;
    370	else
    371		count = -EINVAL;
    372
    373out:
    374	ubi_put_device(ubi);
    375	return count;
    376}
    377
    378/* File operations for all UBI debugfs files except
    379 * detailed_erase_block_info
    380 */
    381static const struct file_operations dfs_fops = {
    382	.read   = dfs_file_read,
    383	.write  = dfs_file_write,
    384	.open	= simple_open,
    385	.llseek = no_llseek,
    386	.owner  = THIS_MODULE,
    387};
    388
    389/* As long as the position is less then that total number of erase blocks,
    390 * we still have more to print.
    391 */
    392static void *eraseblk_count_seq_start(struct seq_file *s, loff_t *pos)
    393{
    394	struct ubi_device *ubi = s->private;
    395
    396	if (*pos < ubi->peb_count)
    397		return pos;
    398
    399	return NULL;
    400}
    401
    402/* Since we are using the position as the iterator, we just need to check if we
    403 * are done and increment the position.
    404 */
    405static void *eraseblk_count_seq_next(struct seq_file *s, void *v, loff_t *pos)
    406{
    407	struct ubi_device *ubi = s->private;
    408
    409	(*pos)++;
    410
    411	if (*pos < ubi->peb_count)
    412		return pos;
    413
    414	return NULL;
    415}
    416
    417static void eraseblk_count_seq_stop(struct seq_file *s, void *v)
    418{
    419}
    420
    421static int eraseblk_count_seq_show(struct seq_file *s, void *iter)
    422{
    423	struct ubi_device *ubi = s->private;
    424	struct ubi_wl_entry *wl;
    425	int *block_number = iter;
    426	int erase_count = -1;
    427	int err;
    428
    429	/* If this is the start, print a header */
    430	if (*block_number == 0)
    431		seq_puts(s, "physical_block_number\terase_count\n");
    432
    433	err = ubi_io_is_bad(ubi, *block_number);
    434	if (err)
    435		return err;
    436
    437	spin_lock(&ubi->wl_lock);
    438
    439	wl = ubi->lookuptbl[*block_number];
    440	if (wl)
    441		erase_count = wl->ec;
    442
    443	spin_unlock(&ubi->wl_lock);
    444
    445	if (erase_count < 0)
    446		return 0;
    447
    448	seq_printf(s, "%-22d\t%-11d\n", *block_number, erase_count);
    449
    450	return 0;
    451}
    452
    453static const struct seq_operations eraseblk_count_seq_ops = {
    454	.start = eraseblk_count_seq_start,
    455	.next = eraseblk_count_seq_next,
    456	.stop = eraseblk_count_seq_stop,
    457	.show = eraseblk_count_seq_show
    458};
    459
    460static int eraseblk_count_open(struct inode *inode, struct file *f)
    461{
    462	struct seq_file *s;
    463	int err;
    464
    465	err = seq_open(f, &eraseblk_count_seq_ops);
    466	if (err)
    467		return err;
    468
    469	s = f->private_data;
    470	s->private = ubi_get_device((unsigned long)inode->i_private);
    471
    472	if (!s->private)
    473		return -ENODEV;
    474	else
    475		return 0;
    476}
    477
    478static int eraseblk_count_release(struct inode *inode, struct file *f)
    479{
    480	struct seq_file *s = f->private_data;
    481	struct ubi_device *ubi = s->private;
    482
    483	ubi_put_device(ubi);
    484
    485	return seq_release(inode, f);
    486}
    487
    488static const struct file_operations eraseblk_count_fops = {
    489	.owner = THIS_MODULE,
    490	.open = eraseblk_count_open,
    491	.read = seq_read,
    492	.llseek = seq_lseek,
    493	.release = eraseblk_count_release,
    494};
    495
    496/**
    497 * ubi_debugfs_init_dev - initialize debugfs for an UBI device.
    498 * @ubi: UBI device description object
    499 *
    500 * This function creates all debugfs files for UBI device @ubi. Returns zero in
    501 * case of success and a negative error code in case of failure.
    502 */
    503int ubi_debugfs_init_dev(struct ubi_device *ubi)
    504{
    505	unsigned long ubi_num = ubi->ubi_num;
    506	struct ubi_debug_info *d = &ubi->dbg;
    507	int n;
    508
    509	if (!IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_DEBUG_FS))
    510		return 0;
    511
    512	n = snprintf(d->dfs_dir_name, UBI_DFS_DIR_LEN + 1, UBI_DFS_DIR_NAME,
    513		     ubi->ubi_num);
    514	if (n > UBI_DFS_DIR_LEN) {
    515		/* The array size is too small */
    516		return -EINVAL;
    517	}
    518
    519	d->dfs_dir = debugfs_create_dir(d->dfs_dir_name, dfs_rootdir);
    520
    521	d->dfs_chk_gen = debugfs_create_file("chk_gen", S_IWUSR, d->dfs_dir,
    522					     (void *)ubi_num, &dfs_fops);
    523
    524	d->dfs_chk_io = debugfs_create_file("chk_io", S_IWUSR, d->dfs_dir,
    525					    (void *)ubi_num, &dfs_fops);
    526
    527	d->dfs_chk_fastmap = debugfs_create_file("chk_fastmap", S_IWUSR,
    528						 d->dfs_dir, (void *)ubi_num,
    529						 &dfs_fops);
    530
    531	d->dfs_disable_bgt = debugfs_create_file("tst_disable_bgt", S_IWUSR,
    532						 d->dfs_dir, (void *)ubi_num,
    533						 &dfs_fops);
    534
    535	d->dfs_emulate_bitflips = debugfs_create_file("tst_emulate_bitflips",
    536						      S_IWUSR, d->dfs_dir,
    537						      (void *)ubi_num,
    538						      &dfs_fops);
    539
    540	d->dfs_emulate_io_failures = debugfs_create_file("tst_emulate_io_failures",
    541							 S_IWUSR, d->dfs_dir,
    542							 (void *)ubi_num,
    543							 &dfs_fops);
    544
    545	d->dfs_emulate_power_cut = debugfs_create_file("tst_emulate_power_cut",
    546						       S_IWUSR, d->dfs_dir,
    547						       (void *)ubi_num,
    548						       &dfs_fops);
    549
    550	d->dfs_power_cut_min = debugfs_create_file("tst_emulate_power_cut_min",
    551						   S_IWUSR, d->dfs_dir,
    552						   (void *)ubi_num, &dfs_fops);
    553
    554	d->dfs_power_cut_max = debugfs_create_file("tst_emulate_power_cut_max",
    555						   S_IWUSR, d->dfs_dir,
    556						   (void *)ubi_num, &dfs_fops);
    557
    558	debugfs_create_file("detailed_erase_block_info", S_IRUSR, d->dfs_dir,
    559			    (void *)ubi_num, &eraseblk_count_fops);
    560
    561	return 0;
    562}
    563
    564/**
    565 * ubi_debugfs_exit_dev - free all debugfs files corresponding to device @ubi
    566 * @ubi: UBI device description object
    567 */
    568void ubi_debugfs_exit_dev(struct ubi_device *ubi)
    569{
    570	if (IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_DEBUG_FS))
    571		debugfs_remove_recursive(ubi->dbg.dfs_dir);
    572}
    573
    574/**
    575 * ubi_dbg_power_cut - emulate a power cut if it is time to do so
    576 * @ubi: UBI device description object
    577 * @caller: Flags set to indicate from where the function is being called
    578 *
    579 * Returns non-zero if a power cut was emulated, zero if not.
    580 */
    581int ubi_dbg_power_cut(struct ubi_device *ubi, int caller)
    582{
    583	unsigned int range;
    584
    585	if ((ubi->dbg.emulate_power_cut & caller) == 0)
    586		return 0;
    587
    588	if (ubi->dbg.power_cut_counter == 0) {
    589		ubi->dbg.power_cut_counter = ubi->dbg.power_cut_min;
    590
    591		if (ubi->dbg.power_cut_max > ubi->dbg.power_cut_min) {
    592			range = ubi->dbg.power_cut_max - ubi->dbg.power_cut_min;
    593			ubi->dbg.power_cut_counter += prandom_u32() % range;
    594		}
    595		return 0;
    596	}
    597
    598	ubi->dbg.power_cut_counter--;
    599	if (ubi->dbg.power_cut_counter)
    600		return 0;
    601
    602	ubi_msg(ubi, "XXXXXXXXXXXXXXX emulating a power cut XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX");
    603	ubi_ro_mode(ubi);
    604	return 1;
    605}