kretprobe_example.c (3075B)
1// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only 2/* 3 * kretprobe_example.c 4 * 5 * Here's a sample kernel module showing the use of return probes to 6 * report the return value and total time taken for probed function 7 * to run. 8 * 9 * usage: insmod kretprobe_example.ko func=<func_name> 10 * 11 * If no func_name is specified, kernel_clone is instrumented 12 * 13 * For more information on theory of operation of kretprobes, see 14 * Documentation/trace/kprobes.rst 15 * 16 * Build and insert the kernel module as done in the kprobe example. 17 * You will see the trace data in /var/log/messages and on the console 18 * whenever the probed function returns. (Some messages may be suppressed 19 * if syslogd is configured to eliminate duplicate messages.) 20 */ 21 22#include <linux/kernel.h> 23#include <linux/module.h> 24#include <linux/kprobes.h> 25#include <linux/ktime.h> 26#include <linux/limits.h> 27#include <linux/sched.h> 28 29static char func_name[NAME_MAX] = "kernel_clone"; 30module_param_string(func, func_name, NAME_MAX, S_IRUGO); 31MODULE_PARM_DESC(func, "Function to kretprobe; this module will report the" 32 " function's execution time"); 33 34/* per-instance private data */ 35struct my_data { 36 ktime_t entry_stamp; 37}; 38 39/* Here we use the entry_hanlder to timestamp function entry */ 40static int entry_handler(struct kretprobe_instance *ri, struct pt_regs *regs) 41{ 42 struct my_data *data; 43 44 if (!current->mm) 45 return 1; /* Skip kernel threads */ 46 47 data = (struct my_data *)ri->data; 48 data->entry_stamp = ktime_get(); 49 return 0; 50} 51NOKPROBE_SYMBOL(entry_handler); 52 53/* 54 * Return-probe handler: Log the return value and duration. Duration may turn 55 * out to be zero consistently, depending upon the granularity of time 56 * accounting on the platform. 57 */ 58static int ret_handler(struct kretprobe_instance *ri, struct pt_regs *regs) 59{ 60 unsigned long retval = regs_return_value(regs); 61 struct my_data *data = (struct my_data *)ri->data; 62 s64 delta; 63 ktime_t now; 64 65 now = ktime_get(); 66 delta = ktime_to_ns(ktime_sub(now, data->entry_stamp)); 67 pr_info("%s returned %lu and took %lld ns to execute\n", 68 func_name, retval, (long long)delta); 69 return 0; 70} 71NOKPROBE_SYMBOL(ret_handler); 72 73static struct kretprobe my_kretprobe = { 74 .handler = ret_handler, 75 .entry_handler = entry_handler, 76 .data_size = sizeof(struct my_data), 77 /* Probe up to 20 instances concurrently. */ 78 .maxactive = 20, 79}; 80 81static int __init kretprobe_init(void) 82{ 83 int ret; 84 85 my_kretprobe.kp.symbol_name = func_name; 86 ret = register_kretprobe(&my_kretprobe); 87 if (ret < 0) { 88 pr_err("register_kretprobe failed, returned %d\n", ret); 89 return ret; 90 } 91 pr_info("Planted return probe at %s: %p\n", 92 my_kretprobe.kp.symbol_name, my_kretprobe.kp.addr); 93 return 0; 94} 95 96static void __exit kretprobe_exit(void) 97{ 98 unregister_kretprobe(&my_kretprobe); 99 pr_info("kretprobe at %p unregistered\n", my_kretprobe.kp.addr); 100 101 /* nmissed > 0 suggests that maxactive was set too low. */ 102 pr_info("Missed probing %d instances of %s\n", 103 my_kretprobe.nmissed, my_kretprobe.kp.symbol_name); 104} 105 106module_init(kretprobe_init) 107module_exit(kretprobe_exit) 108MODULE_LICENSE("GPL");