From 4007ea18f294aefb6128cbe82c5446cd8cb72c50 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Louis Burda <quent.burda@gmail.com>
Date: Thu, 14 Mar 2024 21:30:16 +0100
Subject: Add solution

---
 chall/Dockerfile                                   |   33 +
 chall/apache-config.conf                           |   15 +
 chall/flag                                         |    1 +
 chall/lolpython.py                                 |  768 ++
 chall/notes                                        |   41 +
 chall/ply-2.2/ANNOUNCE                             |   48 +
 chall/ply-2.2/CHANGES                              |  680 ++
 chall/ply-2.2/COPYING                              |  504 ++
 chall/ply-2.2/README                               |  277 +
 chall/ply-2.2/TODO                                 |   14 +
 .../build/lib.linux-x86_64-2.7/ply/__init__.py     |    4 +
 .../ply-2.2/build/lib.linux-x86_64-2.7/ply/lex.py  |  866 ++
 .../ply-2.2/build/lib.linux-x86_64-2.7/ply/yacc.py | 2209 +++++
 chall/ply-2.2/doc/makedoc.py                       |  194 +
 chall/ply-2.2/doc/ply.html                         | 2874 +++++++
 chall/ply-2.2/example/BASIC/README                 |   79 +
 chall/ply-2.2/example/BASIC/basic.py               |   68 +
 chall/ply-2.2/example/BASIC/basiclex.py            |   74 +
 chall/ply-2.2/example/BASIC/basinterp.py           |  440 +
 chall/ply-2.2/example/BASIC/basparse.py            |  424 +
 chall/ply-2.2/example/BASIC/dim.bas                |   14 +
 chall/ply-2.2/example/BASIC/func.bas               |    5 +
 chall/ply-2.2/example/BASIC/gcd.bas                |   22 +
 chall/ply-2.2/example/BASIC/gosub.bas              |   13 +
 chall/ply-2.2/example/BASIC/hello.bas              |    4 +
 chall/ply-2.2/example/BASIC/linear.bas             |   17 +
 chall/ply-2.2/example/BASIC/maxsin.bas             |   12 +
 chall/ply-2.2/example/BASIC/powers.bas             |   13 +
 chall/ply-2.2/example/BASIC/rand.bas               |    4 +
 chall/ply-2.2/example/BASIC/sales.bas              |   20 +
 chall/ply-2.2/example/BASIC/sears.bas              |   18 +
 chall/ply-2.2/example/BASIC/sqrt1.bas              |    5 +
 chall/ply-2.2/example/BASIC/sqrt2.bas              |    4 +
 chall/ply-2.2/example/GardenSnake/GardenSnake.py   |  709 ++
 chall/ply-2.2/example/GardenSnake/README           |    5 +
 chall/ply-2.2/example/README                       |   10 +
 chall/ply-2.2/example/ansic/README                 |    2 +
 chall/ply-2.2/example/ansic/clex.py                |  164 +
 chall/ply-2.2/example/ansic/cparse.py              |  863 ++
 chall/ply-2.2/example/ansic/lextab.py              |    8 +
 chall/ply-2.2/example/calc/calc.py                 |  105 +
 chall/ply-2.2/example/classcalc/calc.py            |  152 +
 chall/ply-2.2/example/cleanup.sh                   |    2 +
 chall/ply-2.2/example/hedit/hedit.py               |   48 +
 chall/ply-2.2/example/newclasscalc/calc.py         |  155 +
 chall/ply-2.2/example/optcalc/README               |    9 +
 chall/ply-2.2/example/optcalc/calc.py              |  113 +
 chall/ply-2.2/example/unicalc/calc.py              |  114 +
 chall/ply-2.2/example/yply/README                  |   41 +
 chall/ply-2.2/example/yply/ylex.py                 |  112 +
 chall/ply-2.2/example/yply/yparse.py               |  217 +
 chall/ply-2.2/example/yply/yply.py                 |   53 +
 chall/ply-2.2/ply/__init__.py                      |    4 +
 chall/ply-2.2/ply/__init__.pyc                     |  Bin 0 -> 144 bytes
 chall/ply-2.2/ply/lex.py                           |  866 ++
 chall/ply-2.2/ply/lex.pyc                          |  Bin 0 -> 19470 bytes
 chall/ply-2.2/ply/yacc.py                          | 2209 +++++
 chall/ply-2.2/ply/yacc.pyc                         |  Bin 0 -> 41996 bytes
 chall/ply-2.2/setup.py                             |   27 +
 chall/ply-2.2/test/README                          |   11 +
 chall/ply-2.2/test/calclex.py                      |   49 +
 chall/ply-2.2/test/cleanup.sh                      |    4 +
 chall/ply-2.2/test/lex_doc1.exp                    |    1 +
 chall/ply-2.2/test/lex_doc1.py                     |   30 +
 chall/ply-2.2/test/lex_dup1.exp                    |    2 +
 chall/ply-2.2/test/lex_dup1.py                     |   29 +
 chall/ply-2.2/test/lex_dup2.exp                    |    2 +
 chall/ply-2.2/test/lex_dup2.py                     |   33 +
 chall/ply-2.2/test/lex_dup3.exp                    |    2 +
 chall/ply-2.2/test/lex_dup3.py                     |   31 +
 chall/ply-2.2/test/lex_empty.exp                   |    1 +
 chall/ply-2.2/test/lex_empty.py                    |   20 +
 chall/ply-2.2/test/lex_error1.exp                  |    1 +
 chall/ply-2.2/test/lex_error1.py                   |   24 +
 chall/ply-2.2/test/lex_error2.exp                  |    1 +
 chall/ply-2.2/test/lex_error2.py                   |   26 +
 chall/ply-2.2/test/lex_error3.exp                  |    2 +
 chall/ply-2.2/test/lex_error3.py                   |   27 +
 chall/ply-2.2/test/lex_error4.exp                  |    2 +
 chall/ply-2.2/test/lex_error4.py                   |   27 +
 chall/ply-2.2/test/lex_hedit.exp                   |    3 +
 chall/ply-2.2/test/lex_hedit.py                    |   47 +
 chall/ply-2.2/test/lex_ignore.exp                  |    7 +
 chall/ply-2.2/test/lex_ignore.py                   |   31 +
 chall/ply-2.2/test/lex_nowarn.exp                  |    0
 chall/ply-2.2/test/lex_nowarn.py                   |   30 +
 chall/ply-2.2/test/lex_re1.exp                     |    7 +
 chall/ply-2.2/test/lex_re1.py                      |   27 +
 chall/ply-2.2/test/lex_re2.exp                     |    7 +
 chall/ply-2.2/test/lex_re2.py                      |   27 +
 chall/ply-2.2/test/lex_re3.exp                     |    8 +
 chall/ply-2.2/test/lex_re3.py                      |   29 +
 chall/ply-2.2/test/lex_rule1.exp                   |    2 +
 chall/ply-2.2/test/lex_rule1.py                    |   27 +
 chall/ply-2.2/test/lex_state1.exp                  |    7 +
 chall/ply-2.2/test/lex_state1.py                   |   40 +
 chall/ply-2.2/test/lex_state2.exp                  |    8 +
 chall/ply-2.2/test/lex_state2.py                   |   40 +
 chall/ply-2.2/test/lex_state3.exp                  |    8 +
 chall/ply-2.2/test/lex_state3.py                   |   42 +
 chall/ply-2.2/test/lex_state4.exp                  |    7 +
 chall/ply-2.2/test/lex_state4.py                   |   41 +
 chall/ply-2.2/test/lex_state5.exp                  |    7 +
 chall/ply-2.2/test/lex_state5.py                   |   42 +
 chall/ply-2.2/test/lex_state_noerror.exp           |    1 +
 chall/ply-2.2/test/lex_state_noerror.py            |   41 +
 chall/ply-2.2/test/lex_state_norule.exp            |    7 +
 chall/ply-2.2/test/lex_state_norule.py             |   42 +
 chall/ply-2.2/test/lex_state_try.exp               |    7 +
 chall/ply-2.2/test/lex_state_try.py                |   48 +
 chall/ply-2.2/test/lex_token1.exp                  |    1 +
 chall/ply-2.2/test/lex_token1.py                   |   21 +
 chall/ply-2.2/test/lex_token2.exp                  |    1 +
 chall/ply-2.2/test/lex_token2.py                   |   23 +
 chall/ply-2.2/test/lex_token3.exp                  |    2 +
 chall/ply-2.2/test/lex_token3.py                   |   27 +
 chall/ply-2.2/test/lex_token4.exp                  |    2 +
 chall/ply-2.2/test/lex_token4.py                   |   28 +
 chall/ply-2.2/test/lex_token5.exp                  |    1 +
 chall/ply-2.2/test/lex_token5.py                   |   33 +
 chall/ply-2.2/test/rununit.py                      |   62 +
 chall/ply-2.2/test/testlex.py                      |   57 +
 chall/ply-2.2/test/testyacc.py                     |   58 +
 chall/ply-2.2/test/yacc_badargs.exp                |    3 +
 chall/ply-2.2/test/yacc_badargs.py                 |   68 +
 chall/ply-2.2/test/yacc_badprec.exp                |    1 +
 chall/ply-2.2/test/yacc_badprec.py                 |   65 +
 chall/ply-2.2/test/yacc_badprec2.exp               |    3 +
 chall/ply-2.2/test/yacc_badprec2.py                |   69 +
 chall/ply-2.2/test/yacc_badrule.exp                |    5 +
 chall/ply-2.2/test/yacc_badrule.py                 |   69 +
 chall/ply-2.2/test/yacc_badtok.exp                 |    1 +
 chall/ply-2.2/test/yacc_badtok.py                  |   70 +
 chall/ply-2.2/test/yacc_dup.exp                    |    4 +
 chall/ply-2.2/test/yacc_dup.py                     |   69 +
 chall/ply-2.2/test/yacc_error1.exp                 |    1 +
 chall/ply-2.2/test/yacc_error1.py                  |   69 +
 chall/ply-2.2/test/yacc_error2.exp                 |    1 +
 chall/ply-2.2/test/yacc_error2.py                  |   69 +
 chall/ply-2.2/test/yacc_error3.exp                 |    1 +
 chall/ply-2.2/test/yacc_error3.py                  |   68 +
 chall/ply-2.2/test/yacc_inf.exp                    |    5 +
 chall/ply-2.2/test/yacc_inf.py                     |   57 +
 chall/ply-2.2/test/yacc_missing1.exp               |    2 +
 chall/ply-2.2/test/yacc_missing1.py                |   69 +
 chall/ply-2.2/test/yacc_nodoc.exp                  |    2 +
 chall/ply-2.2/test/yacc_nodoc.py                   |   68 +
 chall/ply-2.2/test/yacc_noerror.exp                |    2 +
 chall/ply-2.2/test/yacc_noerror.py                 |   67 +
 chall/ply-2.2/test/yacc_nop.exp                    |    2 +
 chall/ply-2.2/test/yacc_nop.py                     |   69 +
 chall/ply-2.2/test/yacc_notfunc.exp                |    4 +
 chall/ply-2.2/test/yacc_notfunc.py                 |   67 +
 chall/ply-2.2/test/yacc_notok.exp                  |    1 +
 chall/ply-2.2/test/yacc_notok.py                   |   68 +
 chall/ply-2.2/test/yacc_rr.exp                     |    2 +
 chall/ply-2.2/test/yacc_rr.py                      |   73 +
 chall/ply-2.2/test/yacc_simple.exp                 |    1 +
 chall/ply-2.2/test/yacc_simple.py                  |   69 +
 chall/ply-2.2/test/yacc_sr.exp                     |    2 +
 chall/ply-2.2/test/yacc_sr.py                      |   64 +
 chall/ply-2.2/test/yacc_term1.exp                  |    2 +
 chall/ply-2.2/test/yacc_term1.py                   |   69 +
 chall/ply-2.2/test/yacc_unused.exp                 |    4 +
 chall/ply-2.2/test/yacc_unused.py                  |   78 +
 chall/ply-2.2/test/yacc_uprec.exp                  |    2 +
 chall/ply-2.2/test/yacc_uprec.py                   |   64 +
 chall/src/css/bootstrap-grid.css                   | 2050 +++++
 chall/src/css/bootstrap-grid.min.css               |    7 +
 chall/src/css/bootstrap-reboot.css                 |  330 +
 chall/src/css/bootstrap-reboot.min.css             |    8 +
 chall/src/css/bootstrap.css                        | 8975 ++++++++++++++++++++
 chall/src/css/bootstrap.min.css                    |    7 +
 chall/src/css/custom.css                           |   66 +
 chall/src/form.php                                 |   24 +
 chall/src/index.php                                |   58 +
 chall/src/js/bootstrap.bundle.js                   | 6328 ++++++++++++++
 chall/src/js/bootstrap.bundle.min.js               |    7 +
 chall/src/js/bootstrap.js                          | 3894 +++++++++
 chall/src/js/bootstrap.min.js                      |    7 +
 chall/src/js/rockstar.js                           |   13 +
 chall/src/transpile.php                            |   18 +
 public/ply-2.2.tar.gz                              |  Bin 0 -> 142210 bytes
 183 files changed, 40374 insertions(+)
 create mode 100644 chall/Dockerfile
 create mode 100644 chall/apache-config.conf
 create mode 100644 chall/flag
 create mode 100644 chall/lolpython.py
 create mode 100644 chall/notes
 create mode 100644 chall/ply-2.2/ANNOUNCE
 create mode 100644 chall/ply-2.2/CHANGES
 create mode 100644 chall/ply-2.2/COPYING
 create mode 100644 chall/ply-2.2/README
 create mode 100644 chall/ply-2.2/TODO
 create mode 100644 chall/ply-2.2/build/lib.linux-x86_64-2.7/ply/__init__.py
 create mode 100644 chall/ply-2.2/build/lib.linux-x86_64-2.7/ply/lex.py
 create mode 100644 chall/ply-2.2/build/lib.linux-x86_64-2.7/ply/yacc.py
 create mode 100644 chall/ply-2.2/doc/makedoc.py
 create mode 100644 chall/ply-2.2/doc/ply.html
 create mode 100644 chall/ply-2.2/example/BASIC/README
 create mode 100644 chall/ply-2.2/example/BASIC/basic.py
 create mode 100644 chall/ply-2.2/example/BASIC/basiclex.py
 create mode 100644 chall/ply-2.2/example/BASIC/basinterp.py
 create mode 100644 chall/ply-2.2/example/BASIC/basparse.py
 create mode 100644 chall/ply-2.2/example/BASIC/dim.bas
 create mode 100644 chall/ply-2.2/example/BASIC/func.bas
 create mode 100644 chall/ply-2.2/example/BASIC/gcd.bas
 create mode 100644 chall/ply-2.2/example/BASIC/gosub.bas
 create mode 100644 chall/ply-2.2/example/BASIC/hello.bas
 create mode 100644 chall/ply-2.2/example/BASIC/linear.bas
 create mode 100644 chall/ply-2.2/example/BASIC/maxsin.bas
 create mode 100644 chall/ply-2.2/example/BASIC/powers.bas
 create mode 100644 chall/ply-2.2/example/BASIC/rand.bas
 create mode 100644 chall/ply-2.2/example/BASIC/sales.bas
 create mode 100644 chall/ply-2.2/example/BASIC/sears.bas
 create mode 100644 chall/ply-2.2/example/BASIC/sqrt1.bas
 create mode 100644 chall/ply-2.2/example/BASIC/sqrt2.bas
 create mode 100644 chall/ply-2.2/example/GardenSnake/GardenSnake.py
 create mode 100644 chall/ply-2.2/example/GardenSnake/README
 create mode 100644 chall/ply-2.2/example/README
 create mode 100644 chall/ply-2.2/example/ansic/README
 create mode 100644 chall/ply-2.2/example/ansic/clex.py
 create mode 100644 chall/ply-2.2/example/ansic/cparse.py
 create mode 100644 chall/ply-2.2/example/ansic/lextab.py
 create mode 100644 chall/ply-2.2/example/calc/calc.py
 create mode 100755 chall/ply-2.2/example/classcalc/calc.py
 create mode 100755 chall/ply-2.2/example/cleanup.sh
 create mode 100644 chall/ply-2.2/example/hedit/hedit.py
 create mode 100755 chall/ply-2.2/example/newclasscalc/calc.py
 create mode 100644 chall/ply-2.2/example/optcalc/README
 create mode 100644 chall/ply-2.2/example/optcalc/calc.py
 create mode 100644 chall/ply-2.2/example/unicalc/calc.py
 create mode 100644 chall/ply-2.2/example/yply/README
 create mode 100644 chall/ply-2.2/example/yply/ylex.py
 create mode 100644 chall/ply-2.2/example/yply/yparse.py
 create mode 100755 chall/ply-2.2/example/yply/yply.py
 create mode 100644 chall/ply-2.2/ply/__init__.py
 create mode 100644 chall/ply-2.2/ply/__init__.pyc
 create mode 100644 chall/ply-2.2/ply/lex.py
 create mode 100644 chall/ply-2.2/ply/lex.pyc
 create mode 100644 chall/ply-2.2/ply/yacc.py
 create mode 100644 chall/ply-2.2/ply/yacc.pyc
 create mode 100644 chall/ply-2.2/setup.py
 create mode 100644 chall/ply-2.2/test/README
 create mode 100644 chall/ply-2.2/test/calclex.py
 create mode 100755 chall/ply-2.2/test/cleanup.sh
 create mode 100644 chall/ply-2.2/test/lex_doc1.exp
 create mode 100644 chall/ply-2.2/test/lex_doc1.py
 create mode 100644 chall/ply-2.2/test/lex_dup1.exp
 create mode 100644 chall/ply-2.2/test/lex_dup1.py
 create mode 100644 chall/ply-2.2/test/lex_dup2.exp
 create mode 100644 chall/ply-2.2/test/lex_dup2.py
 create mode 100644 chall/ply-2.2/test/lex_dup3.exp
 create mode 100644 chall/ply-2.2/test/lex_dup3.py
 create mode 100644 chall/ply-2.2/test/lex_empty.exp
 create mode 100644 chall/ply-2.2/test/lex_empty.py
 create mode 100644 chall/ply-2.2/test/lex_error1.exp
 create mode 100644 chall/ply-2.2/test/lex_error1.py
 create mode 100644 chall/ply-2.2/test/lex_error2.exp
 create mode 100644 chall/ply-2.2/test/lex_error2.py
 create mode 100644 chall/ply-2.2/test/lex_error3.exp
 create mode 100644 chall/ply-2.2/test/lex_error3.py
 create mode 100644 chall/ply-2.2/test/lex_error4.exp
 create mode 100644 chall/ply-2.2/test/lex_error4.py
 create mode 100644 chall/ply-2.2/test/lex_hedit.exp
 create mode 100644 chall/ply-2.2/test/lex_hedit.py
 create mode 100644 chall/ply-2.2/test/lex_ignore.exp
 create mode 100644 chall/ply-2.2/test/lex_ignore.py
 create mode 100644 chall/ply-2.2/test/lex_nowarn.exp
 create mode 100644 chall/ply-2.2/test/lex_nowarn.py
 create mode 100644 chall/ply-2.2/test/lex_re1.exp
 create mode 100644 chall/ply-2.2/test/lex_re1.py
 create mode 100644 chall/ply-2.2/test/lex_re2.exp
 create mode 100644 chall/ply-2.2/test/lex_re2.py
 create mode 100644 chall/ply-2.2/test/lex_re3.exp
 create mode 100644 chall/ply-2.2/test/lex_re3.py
 create mode 100644 chall/ply-2.2/test/lex_rule1.exp
 create mode 100644 chall/ply-2.2/test/lex_rule1.py
 create mode 100644 chall/ply-2.2/test/lex_state1.exp
 create mode 100644 chall/ply-2.2/test/lex_state1.py
 create mode 100644 chall/ply-2.2/test/lex_state2.exp
 create mode 100644 chall/ply-2.2/test/lex_state2.py
 create mode 100644 chall/ply-2.2/test/lex_state3.exp
 create mode 100644 chall/ply-2.2/test/lex_state3.py
 create mode 100644 chall/ply-2.2/test/lex_state4.exp
 create mode 100644 chall/ply-2.2/test/lex_state4.py
 create mode 100644 chall/ply-2.2/test/lex_state5.exp
 create mode 100644 chall/ply-2.2/test/lex_state5.py
 create mode 100644 chall/ply-2.2/test/lex_state_noerror.exp
 create mode 100644 chall/ply-2.2/test/lex_state_noerror.py
 create mode 100644 chall/ply-2.2/test/lex_state_norule.exp
 create mode 100644 chall/ply-2.2/test/lex_state_norule.py
 create mode 100644 chall/ply-2.2/test/lex_state_try.exp
 create mode 100644 chall/ply-2.2/test/lex_state_try.py
 create mode 100644 chall/ply-2.2/test/lex_token1.exp
 create mode 100644 chall/ply-2.2/test/lex_token1.py
 create mode 100644 chall/ply-2.2/test/lex_token2.exp
 create mode 100644 chall/ply-2.2/test/lex_token2.py
 create mode 100644 chall/ply-2.2/test/lex_token3.exp
 create mode 100644 chall/ply-2.2/test/lex_token3.py
 create mode 100644 chall/ply-2.2/test/lex_token4.exp
 create mode 100644 chall/ply-2.2/test/lex_token4.py
 create mode 100644 chall/ply-2.2/test/lex_token5.exp
 create mode 100644 chall/ply-2.2/test/lex_token5.py
 create mode 100644 chall/ply-2.2/test/rununit.py
 create mode 100755 chall/ply-2.2/test/testlex.py
 create mode 100644 chall/ply-2.2/test/testyacc.py
 create mode 100644 chall/ply-2.2/test/yacc_badargs.exp
 create mode 100644 chall/ply-2.2/test/yacc_badargs.py
 create mode 100644 chall/ply-2.2/test/yacc_badprec.exp
 create mode 100644 chall/ply-2.2/test/yacc_badprec.py
 create mode 100644 chall/ply-2.2/test/yacc_badprec2.exp
 create mode 100644 chall/ply-2.2/test/yacc_badprec2.py
 create mode 100644 chall/ply-2.2/test/yacc_badrule.exp
 create mode 100644 chall/ply-2.2/test/yacc_badrule.py
 create mode 100644 chall/ply-2.2/test/yacc_badtok.exp
 create mode 100644 chall/ply-2.2/test/yacc_badtok.py
 create mode 100644 chall/ply-2.2/test/yacc_dup.exp
 create mode 100644 chall/ply-2.2/test/yacc_dup.py
 create mode 100644 chall/ply-2.2/test/yacc_error1.exp
 create mode 100644 chall/ply-2.2/test/yacc_error1.py
 create mode 100644 chall/ply-2.2/test/yacc_error2.exp
 create mode 100644 chall/ply-2.2/test/yacc_error2.py
 create mode 100644 chall/ply-2.2/test/yacc_error3.exp
 create mode 100644 chall/ply-2.2/test/yacc_error3.py
 create mode 100644 chall/ply-2.2/test/yacc_inf.exp
 create mode 100644 chall/ply-2.2/test/yacc_inf.py
 create mode 100644 chall/ply-2.2/test/yacc_missing1.exp
 create mode 100644 chall/ply-2.2/test/yacc_missing1.py
 create mode 100644 chall/ply-2.2/test/yacc_nodoc.exp
 create mode 100644 chall/ply-2.2/test/yacc_nodoc.py
 create mode 100644 chall/ply-2.2/test/yacc_noerror.exp
 create mode 100644 chall/ply-2.2/test/yacc_noerror.py
 create mode 100644 chall/ply-2.2/test/yacc_nop.exp
 create mode 100644 chall/ply-2.2/test/yacc_nop.py
 create mode 100644 chall/ply-2.2/test/yacc_notfunc.exp
 create mode 100644 chall/ply-2.2/test/yacc_notfunc.py
 create mode 100644 chall/ply-2.2/test/yacc_notok.exp
 create mode 100644 chall/ply-2.2/test/yacc_notok.py
 create mode 100644 chall/ply-2.2/test/yacc_rr.exp
 create mode 100644 chall/ply-2.2/test/yacc_rr.py
 create mode 100644 chall/ply-2.2/test/yacc_simple.exp
 create mode 100644 chall/ply-2.2/test/yacc_simple.py
 create mode 100644 chall/ply-2.2/test/yacc_sr.exp
 create mode 100644 chall/ply-2.2/test/yacc_sr.py
 create mode 100644 chall/ply-2.2/test/yacc_term1.exp
 create mode 100644 chall/ply-2.2/test/yacc_term1.py
 create mode 100644 chall/ply-2.2/test/yacc_unused.exp
 create mode 100644 chall/ply-2.2/test/yacc_unused.py
 create mode 100644 chall/ply-2.2/test/yacc_uprec.exp
 create mode 100644 chall/ply-2.2/test/yacc_uprec.py
 create mode 100644 chall/src/css/bootstrap-grid.css
 create mode 100644 chall/src/css/bootstrap-grid.min.css
 create mode 100644 chall/src/css/bootstrap-reboot.css
 create mode 100644 chall/src/css/bootstrap-reboot.min.css
 create mode 100644 chall/src/css/bootstrap.css
 create mode 100644 chall/src/css/bootstrap.min.css
 create mode 100644 chall/src/css/custom.css
 create mode 100644 chall/src/form.php
 create mode 100644 chall/src/index.php
 create mode 100644 chall/src/js/bootstrap.bundle.js
 create mode 100644 chall/src/js/bootstrap.bundle.min.js
 create mode 100644 chall/src/js/bootstrap.js
 create mode 100644 chall/src/js/bootstrap.min.js
 create mode 100644 chall/src/js/rockstar.js
 create mode 100644 chall/src/transpile.php
 create mode 100644 public/ply-2.2.tar.gz

diff --git a/chall/Dockerfile b/chall/Dockerfile
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..4ca733e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/chall/Dockerfile
@@ -0,0 +1,33 @@
+FROM php:7.3-apache
+
+ADD --chmod=0755 \
+    https://raw.githubusercontent.com/reproducible-containers/repro-sources-list.sh/v0.1.0/repro-sources-list.sh \
+    /usr/local/bin/repro-sources-list.sh
+
+#RUN bash /usr/local/bin/repro-sources-list.sh && apt-get update && apt-get -y install python2 curl tar
+RUN apt-get update && apt-get -y install python2 curl tar
+
+# Expose apache.
+EXPOSE 1024
+
+ADD src/ /var/www/site/
+
+RUN chmod -R 755 /var/www/
+RUN chown -R www-data:www-data /var/www
+
+COPY flag /flag
+RUN chmod 777 /flag
+
+RUN mkdir -p /var/www/site/uploads
+RUN chmod -R 777 /var/www/site/uploads
+
+# Update the default apache site with the config we created.
+ADD apache-config.conf /etc/apache2/sites-enabled/000-default.conf
+
+RUN sed -i 's/Listen 80/Listen 1024/' /etc/apache2/ports.conf
+
+
+# Install ply and lolcode1337
+WORKDIR /opt/
+RUN curl https://www.dabeaz.com/ply/ply-2.2.tar.gz -k -o ply-2.2.tar.gz && curl http://dalkescientific.com/writings/diary/lolpython.py -k -o lolcode.py && \
+    tar -xvf ply-2.2.tar.gz && cd ply-2.2 && python2 setup.py install
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/chall/apache-config.conf b/chall/apache-config.conf
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..42b6468
--- /dev/null
+++ b/chall/apache-config.conf
@@ -0,0 +1,15 @@
+<VirtualHost *:1024>
+  ServerAdmin me@mydomain.com
+  DocumentRoot /var/www/site
+
+  <Directory /var/www/site/>
+      Options -Indexes +FollowSymLinks +MultiViews
+      AllowOverride All
+      Order deny,allow
+      Allow from all
+  </Directory>
+
+  ErrorLog ${APACHE_LOG_DIR}/error.log
+  CustomLog ${APACHE_LOG_DIR}/access.log combined
+
+</VirtualHost>
diff --git a/chall/flag b/chall/flag
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..446584c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/chall/flag
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+CSCG{GZ!H4rd3st_p4rt_of_this_chall3nge_was_python2_and_ply_bug_f1xing:D}
diff --git a/chall/lolpython.py b/chall/lolpython.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..6337124
--- /dev/null
+++ b/chall/lolpython.py
@@ -0,0 +1,768 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env python
+# Implementation of the LOLPython language.
+# Converts from LOLPython to Python then optionally runs the Python.
+
+# This package depends on PLY -- http://www.dabeaz.com/ply/
+
+# Written by Andrew Dalke <dalke@dalkescientific.com>
+# Dalke Scientific Software, LLC
+# 1 June 2007, Gothenburg, Sweden
+# 
+# This software is in the public domain.  For details see:
+#   http://creativecommons.org/licenses/publicdomain/
+
+
+import sys
+import keyword
+import os
+import types
+from cStringIO import StringIO
+from ply import *
+
+
+__NAME__ = "lolpython"
+__VERSION__ = "1.0"
+
+# Translating LOLPython tokens to Python tokens
+# This could be cleaned up.  For example, some of
+# these tokens could be merged into one.
+tokens = (
+    "NAME",      # variable names
+    "RESERVED",  # Used for Python reserved names
+    "NUMBER",    # Integers and floats
+    "STRING",
+    "OP",        # Like the Python OP
+    "CLOSE",     # Don't really need this..
+
+    "COMMENT",
+    "AUTOCALL",  # write t.value then add '('
+    "INLINE",    # write t.value directly
+    "FUTURE",    # for the "I FUTURE CAT WITH" statement
+    "PRINT",     # VISIBLE -> stdout or COMPLAIN -> stderr
+
+    "ENDMARKER",
+    "COLON",
+    "WS",
+    "NEWLINE",
+)
+
+# Helper functions for making given token types
+def OP(t, value):
+    t.type = "OP"
+    t.value = value
+    return t
+
+def RESERVED(t, value):
+    t.type = "RESERVED"
+    t.value = value
+    return t
+
+def AUTOCALL(t, value):
+    t.type = "AUTOCALL"
+    t.value = "tuple"
+    t.lexer.paren_stack.append(")")
+    return t
+
+def INLINE(t, value):
+    t.type = "INLINE"
+    t.value = value
+    return t
+
+#####
+
+# ply uses a large regex for token detection, and sre is limited to
+# 100 groups.  This grammar pushes the limit.  I use (?:non-grouping)
+# parens to keep the count down.
+
+
+def t_ASSIGN(t):  # cannot be a simple pattern because it must
+    r'CAN[ ]+HA[SZ]\b'  # come before the t_NAME definition
+    return OP(t, "=")
+
+def t_SINGLE_QUOTE_STRING(t):
+    r"'([^\\']+|\\'|\\\\)*'"  # I think this is right ...
+    t.type = "STRING"
+    t.value = t.value[1:-1].decode("string-escape")
+    return t
+
+def t_DOUBLE_QUOTE_STRING(t):
+    r'"([^\\"]+|\\"|\\\\)*"'
+    t.type = "STRING"
+    t.value = t.value[1:-1].decode("string-escape")
+    print(t.value)
+    return t
+
+# and LOL quoted strings!  They end with /LOL
+# No way to have "/LOL" in the string.
+def t_LOL_STRING(t):
+    r"LOL[ ]*((?!/LOL).|\n)*[ ]*/LOL"
+    t.type = "STRING"
+    t.value = t.value[3:-4].strip(" ")
+    return t
+
+# Aliases for the same thing - for extra cuteness
+def t_LSQUARE(t):
+    r"(?:SOME|LOOK[ ]AT|LET[ ]+THE)\b"
+    t.lexer.paren_stack.append(']')
+    return OP(t, "[")
+
+def t_LPAREN(t):
+    r"(?:WIT|THEZ)\b"
+    t.lexer.paren_stack.append(')')
+    return OP(t, "(")
+
+def t_LBRACE(t):
+    r"BUCKET\b"
+    t.lexer.paren_stack.append("}")
+    return OP(t, "{")
+
+def t_CLOSE(t):
+    r"(?:OK(!+|\b)|!+)"
+    stack = t.lexer.paren_stack
+    if t.value.startswith("OK"):
+        num_closes = len(t.value)-1  # OK -> 1, OK! -> 2, OK!!->3
+    else:
+        num_closes = len(t.value)  # ! -> 1, !! -> 2
+    # Which close is this?  I use "OK" to match (, [ and {
+    if len(stack) < num_closes:
+        raise AssertionError("not enough opens on the stack: line %d"
+                             % (t.lineno,))
+    t.value = "".join(stack[-num_closes:][::-1])
+    del stack[-num_closes:]
+    return t
+
+def t_EQ(t):
+    r"KINDA[ ]+LIKE\b"
+    return OP(t, "==")
+
+def t_NE(t):
+    r"(?:KINDA[ ]+)?NOT[ ]+LIKE\b"
+    return OP(t, "!=")
+
+def t_is(t):
+    r"KINDA[ ]+IS\b"
+    return RESERVED(t, "is")
+
+def t_GT(t):
+    r"ATE[ ]+MORE[ ]+CHEEZBURGERS?[ ]+THAN\b"
+    return OP(t, ">")
+
+def t_LT(t):
+    r"ATE[ ]+FEWER[ ]+CHEEZBURGERS?[ ]+THAN\b"
+    return OP(t, "<")
+
+def t_GTE(t):
+    r"BIG[ ]+LIKE\b"
+    return OP(t, ">=")
+
+def t_LTE(t):
+    r"SMALL[ ]+LIKE\b"
+    return OP(t, "<=")
+
+def t_RETURN(t):
+    r"U[ ]+TAKE\b"
+    return RESERVED(t, "return")
+
+def t_yield(t):
+    r"U[ ]+BORROW\b"
+    return RESERVED(t, "yield")
+
+def t_ELIF(t):
+    r"OR[ ]+IZ\b"
+    return RESERVED(t, "elif")
+
+def t_ELSE(t):
+    r"(?:(?:I[ ]+GIVE[ ]+UP|IZ[ ]+KEWL|ALL[ ]+DONE)|NOPE)\b"
+    return RESERVED(t, "else")
+
+def t_COLON(t):
+    r"\?"
+    t.value = ":"
+    return t
+
+def t_FROM(t):
+    r"IN[ ]+MAI\b"
+    return RESERVED(t, "from")
+
+def t_EXCEPT(t):
+    r"O[ ]+NOES\b"
+    return RESERVED(t, "except")
+
+def t_PLUS(t):
+    r"ALONG[ ]+WITH\b"
+    return OP(t, "+")
+def t_MINUS(t):
+    r"TAKE[ ]+AWAY\b"
+    return OP(t, "-")
+
+def t_PLUS_EQUAL(t):
+    r"GETZ[ ]+ANOTHR\b"
+    return OP(t, "+=")
+
+def t_MINUS_EQUAL(t):
+    r"THROW[SZ]?[ ]+AWAY\b"
+    return OP(t, "-=")
+
+def t_DIV(t):
+    r"SMASHES[ ]+INTO\b"
+    return OP(t, "/")
+def t_DIV_EQUAL(t):
+    r"SMASHES[ ]+INTO[ ]+HAS\b"
+    return OP(t, "/=")
+def t_TRUEDIV(t):
+    r"SMASHES[ ]+NICELY[ ]+INTO\b"
+    return OP(t, "//")
+def t_MUL(t):
+    r"OF[ ]THOSE\b"
+    return OP(t, "*")
+def t_MUL_EQUAL(t):
+    r"COPIES[ ]+(?:HIM|HER|IT)SELF[ ]+BY\b"
+    return OP(t, "*=")
+def t_POW(t):
+    r"BY[ ]+GRAYSKULL[ ]+POWER"
+    return OP(t, "**")
+def t_IN(t):
+    r"IN[ ]+(?:UR|THE|THIS)\b"
+    return OP(t, "in")
+def t_del(t):
+    r"DO[ ]+NOT[ ]+WANT\b"
+    return RESERVED(t, "del")
+def t_and(t):
+    r"\&"
+    return RESERVED(t, "and")
+def t_or(t):
+    r"OR[ ]+MABEE\b"
+    return RESERVED(t, "or")
+
+def t_pass(t):
+    r"I[ ]+IZ[ ]+CUTE\b"
+    return RESERVED(t, "pass")
+
+def t_forever(t):
+    r"WHILE[ ]+I[ ]+CUTE\b"
+    return INLINE(t, "while 1")
+
+def t_def(t):
+    r"SO[ ]+IM[ ]+LIKE\b"
+    return RESERVED(t, "def")
+
+def t_class(t):
+    r"ME[ ]+MAKE[ ]\b"
+    return RESERVED(t, "class")
+
+def t_future(t):
+    r"I[ ]+FUTURE[ ]+CAT[ ]+WITH\b"
+    t.type = "FUTURE"
+    return t
+
+def t_assert(t):
+    r"SO[ ]+GOOD\b"
+    return RESERVED(t, "assert")
+
+def t_assert_not(t):
+    r"AINT[ ]+GOOD\b"
+    return INLINE(t, "assert not ")
+
+def t_for(t):
+    r"GIMME[ ]+EACH\b"
+    return RESERVED(t, "for")
+
+def t_list(t):
+    r"ALL[ ]+OF\b"
+    return AUTOCALL(t, "tuple")
+
+RESERVED_VALUES = {
+    "EASTERBUNNY": ("NUMBER", "0"),
+    "CHEEZBURGER": ("NUMBER", "1"),
+    "CHOKOLET": ("NUMBER", "-1"),
+    "TWIN": ("NUMBER", "2"),
+    "TWINZ": ("NUMBER", "2"),
+    "TWINS": ("NUMBER", "2"),
+    "EVILTWIN": ("NUMBER", "-2"),
+    "EVILTWINZ": ("NUMBER", "-2"),
+    "EVILTWINS": ("NUMBER", "-2"),
+    "ALLFINGERZ": ("NUMBER", "10"),
+    "TOEZ": ("NUMBER", "-10"),
+    "ONE": ("NUMBER", "1"),
+    "ONCE": ("NUMBER", "1"),
+    "TWO": ("NUMBER", "2"),
+    "TWICE": ("NUMBER", "2"),
+    "THR33": ("NUMBER", "3"),
+    "FOUR": ("NUMBER", "4"),
+    "FIV": ("NUMBER", "5"),
+    "SIKS": ("NUMBER", "6"),
+    "SEVN": ("NUMBER", "7"),
+    "ATE": ("NUMBER", "8"),
+    "NINE": ("NUMBER", "9"),
+    "MEH": ("NAME", "False"),
+    "YEAH": ("NAME", "True"),
+    "VISIBLE": ("PRINT", "stdout"),
+    "COMPLAIN": ("PRINT", "stderr"),
+    "AND": ("OP", ","),
+    "BLACKHOLE": ("RESERVED", "ZeroDivisionError"),
+    "DONOTLIKE": ("AUTOCALL", "AssertionError"),
+
+    "ANTI": ("OP", "-"),
+    "IZ": ("RESERVED", "if"),
+    "GIMME": ("RESERVED", "import"),
+    "LIKE": ("RESERVED", "as"),
+    "OWN": ("OP", "."),
+
+    "PLZ": ("RESERVED", "try"),
+    "HALP": ("RESERVED", "raise"),
+    "WHATEVER": ("RESERVED", "finally"),
+    "KTHX": ("RESERVED", "continue"),
+    "KTHXBYE": ("RESERVED", "break"),
+    
+    "OVER": ("OP", "/"),
+
+    "AINT": ("RESERVED", "not"),
+    "ME": ("RESERVED", "self"),
+
+    "STRING": ("AUTOCALL", "str"),
+    "NUMBR": ("AUTOCALL", "int"),
+    "BIGNESS": ("AUTOCALL", "len"),
+    "NUMBRZ": ("AUTOCALL", "range"),
+    "ADDED": ("AUTOCALL", ".append"),
+
+    "ARGZ": ("INLINE", "_lol_sys.argv"),
+    "THINGZ": ("INLINE", "()"),  # invisible tuple didn't sound right
+    "THING": ("INLINE", "()"),   # sometimes it's better in singular form
+    "MY": ("INLINE", "self."),
+    "MYSELF": ("INLINE", "(self)"),
+
+    "EVEN": ("INLINE", "% 2 == 0"),
+    "ODD": ("INLINE", "% 2 == 1"),
+    "WIF": ("RESERVED", "with"),
+    }
+
+def t_FLOAT(t):
+    r"""(?:\d+(?:\.\d*)?|\.\d+)(?:[eE][-+]? \d+)?"""
+    t.value = t.value
+    t.type = "NUMBER"
+    return t
+
+def t_INT(t):
+    r"\d+"
+    t.type = "NUMBER"
+    return t
+
+def t_INVISIBLE(t):
+    r"INVISIBLE([ ]+(LIST|STRING|BUCKET))?\b"
+    if "LIST" in t.value:
+        t.type = "INLINE"
+        t.value = "[]"
+    elif "STRING" in t.value:
+        t.type = "INLINE"
+        t.value = '""'
+    elif "BUCKET" in t.value:
+        t.type = "INLINE"
+        t.value = "{}"
+    else:
+        RESERVED(t, "None")
+    return t
+
+# Not consuming the newline.  Needed for "IZ EASTERBUNNY? BTW comment"
+def t_COMMENT(t):
+    r"[ ]*(?:BTW|WTF)[^\n]*"
+    return t
+
+def t_NAME(t):
+    r'[a-zA-Z_][a-zA-Z0-9_]*'
+    if t.value in RESERVED_VALUES:
+        type, value = RESERVED_VALUES[t.value]
+        t.type = type
+        t.value = value
+        if t.type == "AUTOCALL":
+            t.lexer.paren_stack.append(")")
+    return t
+
+def t_WS(t):
+    r' [ ]+ '
+    if t.lexer.at_line_start and not t.lexer.paren_stack:
+        return t
+    
+
+# Don't generate newline tokens when inside of parens
+def t_newline(t):
+    r'\n+'
+    t.lexer.lineno += len(t.value)
+    t.type = "NEWLINE"
+    if not t.lexer.paren_stack:
+        return t
+    
+
+def t_error(t):
+    raise SyntaxError("Unknown symbol %r" % (t.value[0],))
+    print "Skipping", repr(t.value[0])
+    t.lexer.skip(1)
+
+
+## I implemented INDENT / DEDENT generation as a post-processing filter
+
+# The original lex token stream contains WS and NEWLINE characters.
+# WS will only occur before any other tokens on a line.
+
+# I have three filters.  One tags tokens by adding two attributes.
+# "must_indent" is True if the token must be indented from the
+# previous code.  The other is "at_line_start" which is True for WS
+# and the first non-WS/non-NEWLINE on a line.  It flags the check so
+# see if the new line has changed indication level.
+
+# Python's syntax has three INDENT states
+#  0) no colon hence no need to indent
+#  1) "if 1: go()" - simple statements have a COLON but no need for an indent
+#  2) "if 1:\n  go()" - complex statements have a COLON NEWLINE and must indent
+NO_INDENT = 0
+MAY_INDENT = 1
+MUST_INDENT = 2
+
+# only care about whitespace at the start of a line
+def track_tokens_filter(lexer, tokens):
+    lexer.at_line_start = at_line_start = True
+    indent = NO_INDENT
+    for token in tokens:
+        token.at_line_start = at_line_start
+
+        if token.type == "COLON":
+            at_line_start = False
+            indent = MAY_INDENT
+            token.must_indent = False
+            
+        elif token.type == "NEWLINE":
+            at_line_start = True
+            if indent == MAY_INDENT:
+                indent = MUST_INDENT
+            token.must_indent = False
+
+        elif token.type == "WS":
+            assert token.at_line_start == True
+            at_line_start = True
+            token.must_indent = False
+
+        elif token.type == "COMMENT":
+            pass
+
+        else:
+            # A real token; only indent after COLON NEWLINE
+            if indent == MUST_INDENT:
+                token.must_indent = True
+            else:
+                token.must_indent = False
+            at_line_start = False
+
+            indent = NO_INDENT
+
+        yield token
+        lexer.at_line_start = at_line_start
+
+def _new_token(type, lineno):
+    tok = lex.LexToken()
+    tok.type = type
+    tok.value = None
+    tok.lineno = lineno
+    tok.lexpos = -1
+    return tok
+
+# Synthesize a DEDENT tag
+def DEDENT(lineno):
+    return _new_token("DEDENT", lineno)
+
+# Synthesize an INDENT tag
+def INDENT(lineno):
+    return _new_token("INDENT", lineno)
+
+
+# Track the indentation level and emit the right INDENT / DEDENT events.
+def indentation_filter(tokens):
+    # A stack of indentation levels; will never pop item 0
+    levels = [0]
+    token = None
+    depth = 0
+    prev_was_ws = False
+    for token in tokens:
+##        if 1:
+##            print "Process", token,
+##            if token.at_line_start:
+##                print "at_line_start",
+##            if token.must_indent:
+##                print "must_indent",
+##            print
+                
+        # WS only occurs at the start of the line
+        # There may be WS followed by NEWLINE so
+        # only track the depth here.  Don't indent/dedent
+        # until there's something real.
+        if token.type == "WS":
+            assert depth == 0
+            depth = len(token.value)
+            prev_was_ws = True
+            # Don't forward WS to the parser
+            continue
+
+        if token.type == "NEWLINE":
+            depth = 0
+            if prev_was_ws or token.at_line_start:
+                # ignore blank lines
+                continue
+            # pass the other cases on through
+            yield token
+            continue
+
+        if token.type == "COMMENT":
+            yield token
+            continue
+
+        # then it must be a real token (not WS, not NEWLINE)
+        # which can affect the indentation level
+
+        prev_was_ws = False
+        if token.must_indent:
+            # The current depth must be larger than the previous level
+            if not (depth > levels[-1]):
+                raise IndentationError("expected an indented block")
+
+            levels.append(depth)
+            yield INDENT(token.lineno)
+
+        elif token.at_line_start:
+            # Must be on the same level or one of the previous levels
+            if depth == levels[-1]:
+                # At the same level
+                pass
+            elif depth > levels[-1]:
+                raise IndentationError("indentation increase but not in new block")
+            else:
+                # Back up; but only if it matches a previous level
+                try:
+                    i = levels.index(depth)
+                except ValueError:
+                    raise IndentationError("inconsistent indentation")
+                for _ in range(i+1, len(levels)):
+                    yield DEDENT(token.lineno)
+                    levels.pop()
+
+        yield token
+
+    ### Finished processing ###
+
+    # Must dedent any remaining levels
+    if len(levels) > 1:
+        assert token is not None
+        for _ in range(1, len(levels)):
+            yield DEDENT(token.lineno)
+    
+
+# The top-level filter adds an ENDMARKER, if requested.
+# Python's grammar uses it.
+def token_filter(lexer, add_endmarker = True):
+    token = None
+    tokens = iter(lexer.token, None)
+    tokens = track_tokens_filter(lexer, tokens)
+    for token in indentation_filter(tokens):
+        yield token
+
+    if add_endmarker:
+        lineno = 1
+        if token is not None:
+            lineno = token.lineno
+        yield _new_token("ENDMARKER", lineno)
+
+class LOLLexer(object):
+    def __init__(self, debug=0, optimize=0, lextab='lextab', reflags=0):
+        self.lexer = lex.lex(debug=debug, optimize=optimize,
+                             lextab=lextab, reflags=reflags)
+        self.token_stream = None
+    def input(self, s, add_endmarker=True):
+        self.lexer.paren_stack = []
+        self.lexer.input(s)
+        self.token_stream = token_filter(self.lexer, add_endmarker)
+    def token(self):
+        try:
+            return self.token_stream.next()
+        except StopIteration:
+            return None
+
+# Helper class to generate logically correct indented Python code
+class IndentWriter(object):
+    def __init__(self, outfile):
+        self.outfile = outfile
+        self.at_first_column = True
+        self.indent = 0
+    def write(self, text):
+        if self.at_first_column:
+            self.outfile.write("    "*self.indent)
+            self.at_first_column = False
+        self.outfile.write(text)
+
+# Split things up because the from __future__ statements must
+# go before any other code.
+HEADER = """# LOLPython to Python converter version 1.0
+# Written by Andrew Dalke, who should have been working on better things.
+
+"""
+
+BODY = """
+# sys is used for COMPLAIN and ARGZ
+import sys as _lol_sys
+
+"""
+
+def to_python(s):
+    L = LOLLexer()
+    L.input(s)
+    
+    header = StringIO()
+    header.write(HEADER)
+    header_output = IndentWriter(header)
+
+    body = StringIO()
+    body.write(BODY)
+    body_output = IndentWriter(body)
+
+    write = body_output.write
+    output = body_output
+
+    for t in iter(L.token_stream):
+        if t.type == "NAME":
+            # Need to escape names which are Python variables Do that
+            # by appending an "_".  But then I also need to make sure
+            # that "yield_" does not collide with "yield".  And you
+            # thought you were being clever trying to use a Python
+            # variable.  :)
+            name = t.value.rstrip("_")
+            if name in keyword.kwlist:
+                write(t.value + "_ ")
+            else:
+                write(t.value + " ")
+            
+        elif t.type in ("RESERVED", "OP", "NUMBER", "CLOSE"):
+            # While not pretty, I'll put a space after each
+            # term because it's the simplest solution.  Otherwise
+            # I'll need to track the amount of whitespace between
+            # the tokens in the original text.
+            write(t.value+" ")
+
+            # XXX escape names which are special in Python!
+        elif t.type == "STRING":
+            write(repr(t.value) + " ")
+        
+        elif t.type == "COMMENT":
+            # Not enough information to keep comments on the correct
+            # indentation level.  This is good enough.  Ugly though.
+            # Maybe I need to fix the tokenizer.
+            write("#"+ t.value[3:]+"\n")
+            output.at_first_column = True
+
+        elif t.type == "COLON":
+            write(":")
+
+        elif t.type == "INDENT":
+            output.indent += 1
+            pass
+        elif t.type == "DEDENT":
+            output.indent -= 1
+            pass
+        elif t.type == "NEWLINE":
+            write(t.value)
+            output.at_first_column = True
+            output = body_output
+            write = output.write
+        elif t.type == "PRINT":
+            if t.value == "stdout":
+                write("print ")
+            elif t.value == "stderr":
+                write("print >>_lol_sys.stderr, ")
+            else:
+                raise AssertionError(t.value)
+        elif t.type == "AUTOCALL":
+            write(t.value + "(")
+        elif t.type == "INLINE":
+            write(t.value)
+        elif t.type == "ENDMARKER":
+            write("\n# The end.\n")
+        elif t.type == "WS":
+            output.leading_ws = t.value
+        elif t.type == "FUTURE":
+            # Write to the header.  This is a hack.  Err, a hairball.
+            output = header_output
+            write = output.write
+            write("from __future__ import ")
+            
+        else:
+            raise AssertionError(t.type)
+        
+    return header.getvalue() + body.getvalue()
+
+
+# API code for doing the translation and exec'ing the result
+
+def execfile(infile, module_name="__lolmain__"):
+    "file, module_name -- exec the lolpython file in a newly created module"
+    if not hasattr(infile, "read"):
+        s = open(infile).read()
+    else:
+        s = infile.read()
+    return execstring(s, module_name)
+
+def execstring(s, module_name="__lolmain__"):
+    "s, module_name -- exec the lolpython string in a newly created module"
+    python_s = to_python(s)
+    # Doing this bit of trickiness so I can have LOLPython code act
+    # like __main__.  This fix is enough to fool unittest.
+    m = types.ModuleType(module_name)
+    sys.modules[module_name] = m
+    exec python_s in m.__dict__
+    return m
+
+def convert_file(infile, outfile):
+    "read LOLPython code from infile, write converted Python code to outfile"
+    if not hasattr(outfile, "write"):
+        outfile = open(outfile, "w")
+    outfile.write(to_python(infile.read()))
+
+def convert(filenames):
+    "convert LOLPython filenames into corresponding Python '.py' files"
+    if not filenames:
+        convert_file(sys.stdin, sys.stdout)
+    else:
+        for filename in filenames:
+            base, ext = os.path.splitext(filename)
+            convert_file(open(filename), open(base+".py", "w"))
+
+def help():
+    print """convert and run a lolpython program
+Commands are:
+    lolpython              Read a lolpython program from stdin and execute it
+    lolpython --convert    Convert a lolpython program from stdin 
+                                  and generate python to stdout
+    lolpython --convert filename1 [filename....] 
+                           Convert a list of lolpython files into Python files
+    lolpython filename [arg1 [arg2 ...]]
+                           Run a lolpython program using optional arguments
+"""
+
+def main(argv):
+    if len(argv) >= 2:
+        if argv[1] == "--convert":
+            convert(argv[2:])
+            return
+        if argv[1] == "--help":
+            help()
+            return
+        if argv[1] == "--version":
+            print __NAME__ + " " + __VERSION__
+            return
+
+        # otherwise, run the lolpython program
+        sys.argv = sys.argv[1:]
+        filename = sys.argv[0]
+        execfile(filename, "__main__")
+    else:
+        # commands from stdin
+        execfile(sys.stdin)
+        
+    
+
+if __name__ == "__main__":
+    main(sys.argv)
diff --git a/chall/notes b/chall/notes
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..c6410c5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/chall/notes
@@ -0,0 +1,41 @@
+Setup a quick docker container with python2 and ply installed to test..
+
+Check out the source code..
+
+First thing we want to find is how the tokens are turned
+into python, since we ideally just want to write python.
+
+We find that tokens of type INLINE are directly injected.
+
+Looking at INLINE tokens we find some which are useful
+for calling functions:
+
+    "ARGZ": ("INLINE", "_lol_sys.argv"),
+    "THINGZ": ("INLINE", "()"),  # invisible tuple didn't sound right
+    "THING": ("INLINE", "()"),   # sometimes it's better in singular form
+    "MY": ("INLINE", "self."),
+    "MYSELF": ("INLINE", "(self)"),
+
+Looks like the sys module was imported as _lol_sys.
+The other tokens allow us to call functions.
+
+Varibles are injected directly too.. this allows us to call
+builtins by specifying the builtin name, followed by THING.
+
+Since we just want to run python code directly we'd
+like to call `eval` with a string. Strings are
+injected directly after some escape character checks.
+
+In the inline tokens we saw there is one that allows
+us to pass an argument.. MYSELF. For that we need
+to define self.. Lets do that as a simple variable
+instead of the normal definition of self.
+
+We find we can define self using CAN HAS..
+We can print the result of the eval using VISIBLE..
+
+Thus our payload becomes:
+
+   self CAN HAS '<PYTHON-CODE>'
+   VISIBLE eval MYSELF
+
diff --git a/chall/ply-2.2/ANNOUNCE b/chall/ply-2.2/ANNOUNCE
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..ba96215
--- /dev/null
+++ b/chall/ply-2.2/ANNOUNCE
@@ -0,0 +1,48 @@
+November 1, 2006
+
+                  Announcing :  PLY-2.2 (Python Lex-Yacc)
+
+                        http://www.dabeaz.com/ply
+
+I'm pleased to announce a significant new update to PLY---a 100% Python
+implementation of the common parsing tools lex and yacc.  PLY-2.2 is
+a minor update that fixes a few bugs and adds some new capabilities.
+
+If you are new to PLY, here are a few highlights:
+
+-  PLY is closely modeled after traditional lex/yacc.  If you know how 
+   to use these or similar tools in other languages, you will find
+   PLY to be comparable.
+
+-  PLY provides very extensive error reporting and diagnostic
+   information to assist in parser construction.  The original
+   implementation was developed for instructional purposes.  As
+   a result, the system tries to identify the most common types
+   of errors made by novice users.
+
+-  PLY provides full support for empty productions, error recovery,
+   precedence rules, and ambiguous grammars.
+
+-  Parsing is based on LR-parsing which is fast, memory efficient,
+   better suited to large grammars, and which has a number of nice
+   properties when dealing with syntax errors and other parsing 
+   problems. Currently, PLY can build its parsing tables using 
+   either SLR or LALR(1) algorithms. 
+
+-  PLY can be used to build parsers for large programming languages.
+   Although it is not ultra-fast due to its Python implementation,
+   PLY can be used to parse grammars consisting of several hundred
+   rules (as might be found for a language like C).  The lexer and LR
+   parser are also reasonably efficient when parsing normal
+   sized programs.
+
+More information about PLY can be obtained on the PLY webpage at:
+
+                   http://www.dabeaz.com/ply
+
+PLY is freely available and is licensed under the terms of the Lesser
+GNU Public License (LGPL).
+
+Cheers,
+
+David Beazley (http://www.dabeaz.com)
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/chall/ply-2.2/CHANGES b/chall/ply-2.2/CHANGES
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..bd0894d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/chall/ply-2.2/CHANGES
@@ -0,0 +1,680 @@
+Version 2.2
+------------------------------
+11/01/06: beazley
+          Added lexpos() and lexspan() methods to grammar symbols.  These
+          mirror the same functionality of lineno() and linespan().  For
+          example:
+
+          def p_expr(p):
+              'expr : expr PLUS expr'
+               p.lexpos(1)     # Lexing position of left-hand-expression
+               p.lexpos(1)     # Lexing position of PLUS
+               start,end = p.lexspan(3)  # Lexing range of right hand expression
+
+11/01/06: beazley
+          Minor change to error handling.  The recommended way to skip characters
+          in the input is to use t.lexer.skip() as shown here:
+
+             def t_error(t):
+                 print "Illegal character '%s'" % t.value[0]
+                 t.lexer.skip(1)
+          
+          The old approach of just using t.skip(1) will still work, but won't
+          be documented.
+
+10/31/06: beazley
+          Discarded tokens can now be specified as simple strings instead of
+          functions.  To do this, simply include the text "ignore_" in the
+          token declaration.  For example:
+
+              t_ignore_cppcomment = r'//.*'
+          
+          Previously, this had to be done with a function.  For example:
+
+              def t_ignore_cppcomment(t):
+                  r'//.*'
+                  pass
+
+          If start conditions/states are being used, state names should appear
+          before the "ignore_" text.
+
+10/19/06: beazley
+          The Lex module now provides support for flex-style start conditions
+          as described at http://www.gnu.org/software/flex/manual/html_chapter/flex_11.html.
+          Please refer to this document to understand this change note.  Refer to
+          the PLY documentation for PLY-specific explanation of how this works.
+
+          To use start conditions, you first need to declare a set of states in
+          your lexer file:
+
+          states = (
+                    ('foo','exclusive'),
+                    ('bar','inclusive')
+          )
+
+          This serves the same role as the %s and %x specifiers in flex.
+
+          One a state has been declared, tokens for that state can be 
+          declared by defining rules of the form t_state_TOK.  For example:
+
+            t_PLUS = '\+'          # Rule defined in INITIAL state
+            t_foo_NUM = '\d+'      # Rule defined in foo state
+            t_bar_NUM = '\d+'      # Rule defined in bar state
+
+            t_foo_bar_NUM = '\d+'  # Rule defined in both foo and bar
+            t_ANY_NUM = '\d+'      # Rule defined in all states
+
+          In addition to defining tokens for each state, the t_ignore and t_error
+          specifications can be customized for specific states.  For example:
+
+            t_foo_ignore = " "     # Ignored characters for foo state
+            def t_bar_error(t):   
+                # Handle errors in bar state
+
+          With token rules, the following methods can be used to change states
+          
+            def t_TOKNAME(t):
+                t.lexer.begin('foo')        # Begin state 'foo'
+                t.lexer.push_state('foo')   # Begin state 'foo', push old state
+                                            # onto a stack
+                t.lexer.pop_state()         # Restore previous state
+                t.lexer.current_state()     # Returns name of current state
+
+          These methods mirror the BEGIN(), yy_push_state(), yy_pop_state(), and
+          yy_top_state() functions in flex.
+
+          The use of start states can be used as one way to write sub-lexers.
+          For example, the lexer or parser might instruct the lexer to start
+          generating a different set of tokens depending on the context.
+          
+          example/yply/ylex.py shows the use of start states to grab C/C++ 
+          code fragments out of traditional yacc specification files.
+
+          *** NEW FEATURE *** Suggested by Daniel Larraz with whom I also
+          discussed various aspects of the design.
+
+10/19/06: beazley
+          Minor change to the way in which yacc.py was reporting shift/reduce
+          conflicts.  Although the underlying LALR(1) algorithm was correct,
+          PLY was under-reporting the number of conflicts compared to yacc/bison
+          when precedence rules were in effect.  This change should make PLY
+          report the same number of conflicts as yacc.
+
+10/19/06: beazley
+          Modified yacc so that grammar rules could also include the '-' 
+          character.  For example:
+
+            def p_expr_list(p):
+                'expression-list : expression-list expression'
+
+          Suggested by Oldrich Jedlicka.
+
+10/18/06: beazley
+          Attribute lexer.lexmatch added so that token rules can access the re 
+          match object that was generated.  For example:
+
+          def t_FOO(t):
+              r'some regex'
+              m = t.lexer.lexmatch
+              # Do something with m
+
+
+          This may be useful if you want to access named groups specified within
+          the regex for a specific token. Suggested by Oldrich Jedlicka.
+          
+10/16/06: beazley
+          Changed the error message that results if an illegal character
+          is encountered and no default error function is defined in lex.
+          The exception is now more informative about the actual cause of
+          the error.
+      
+Version 2.1
+------------------------------
+10/02/06: beazley
+          The last Lexer object built by lex() can be found in lex.lexer.
+          The last Parser object built  by yacc() can be found in yacc.parser.
+
+10/02/06: beazley
+          New example added:  examples/yply
+
+          This example uses PLY to convert Unix-yacc specification files to
+          PLY programs with the same grammar.   This may be useful if you
+          want to convert a grammar from bison/yacc to use with PLY.
+    
+10/02/06: beazley
+          Added support for a start symbol to be specified in the yacc
+          input file itself.  Just do this:
+
+               start = 'name'
+
+          where 'name' matches some grammar rule.  For example:
+
+               def p_name(p):
+                   'name : A B C'
+                   ...
+
+          This mirrors the functionality of the yacc %start specifier.
+
+09/30/06: beazley
+          Some new examples added.:
+
+          examples/GardenSnake : A simple indentation based language similar
+                                 to Python.  Shows how you might handle 
+                                 whitespace.  Contributed by Andrew Dalke.
+
+          examples/BASIC       : An implementation of 1964 Dartmouth BASIC.
+                                 Contributed by Dave against his better
+                                 judgement.
+
+09/28/06: beazley
+          Minor patch to allow named groups to be used in lex regular
+          expression rules.  For example:
+
+              t_QSTRING = r'''(?P<quote>['"]).*?(?P=quote)'''
+
+          Patch submitted by Adam Ring.
+ 
+09/28/06: beazley
+          LALR(1) is now the default parsing method.   To use SLR, use
+          yacc.yacc(method="SLR").  Note: there is no performance impact
+          on parsing when using LALR(1) instead of SLR. However, constructing
+          the parsing tables will take a little longer.
+
+09/26/06: beazley
+          Change to line number tracking.  To modify line numbers, modify
+          the line number of the lexer itself.  For example:
+
+          def t_NEWLINE(t):
+              r'\n'
+              t.lexer.lineno += 1
+
+          This modification is both cleanup and a performance optimization.
+          In past versions, lex was monitoring every token for changes in
+          the line number.  This extra processing is unnecessary for a vast
+          majority of tokens. Thus, this new approach cleans it up a bit.
+
+          *** POTENTIAL INCOMPATIBILITY ***
+          You will need to change code in your lexer that updates the line
+          number. For example, "t.lineno += 1" becomes "t.lexer.lineno += 1"
+         
+09/26/06: beazley
+          Added the lexing position to tokens as an attribute lexpos. This
+          is the raw index into the input text at which a token appears.
+          This information can be used to compute column numbers and other
+          details (e.g., scan backwards from lexpos to the first newline
+          to get a column position).
+
+09/25/06: beazley
+          Changed the name of the __copy__() method on the Lexer class
+          to clone().  This is used to clone a Lexer object (e.g., if
+          you're running different lexers at the same time).
+
+09/21/06: beazley
+          Limitations related to the use of the re module have been eliminated.
+          Several users reported problems with regular expressions exceeding
+          more than 100 named groups. To solve this, lex.py is now capable
+          of automatically splitting its master regular regular expression into
+          smaller expressions as needed.   This should, in theory, make it
+          possible to specify an arbitrarily large number of tokens.
+
+09/21/06: beazley
+          Improved error checking in lex.py.  Rules that match the empty string
+          are now rejected (otherwise they cause the lexer to enter an infinite
+          loop).  An extra check for rules containing '#' has also been added.
+          Since lex compiles regular expressions in verbose mode, '#' is interpreted
+          as a regex comment, it is critical to use '\#' instead.  
+
+09/18/06: beazley
+          Added a @TOKEN decorator function to lex.py that can be used to 
+          define token rules where the documentation string might be computed
+          in some way.
+          
+          digit            = r'([0-9])'
+          nondigit         = r'([_A-Za-z])'
+          identifier       = r'(' + nondigit + r'(' + digit + r'|' + nondigit + r')*)'        
+
+          from ply.lex import TOKEN
+
+          @TOKEN(identifier)
+          def t_ID(t):
+               # Do whatever
+
+          The @TOKEN decorator merely sets the documentation string of the
+          associated token function as needed for lex to work.  
+
+          Note: An alternative solution is the following:
+
+          def t_ID(t):
+              # Do whatever
+   
+          t_ID.__doc__ = identifier
+
+          Note: Decorators require the use of Python 2.4 or later.  If compatibility
+          with old versions is needed, use the latter solution.
+
+          The need for this feature was suggested by Cem Karan.
+
+09/14/06: beazley
+          Support for single-character literal tokens has been added to yacc.
+          These literals must be enclosed in quotes.  For example:
+
+          def p_expr(p):
+               "expr : expr '+' expr"
+               ...
+
+          def p_expr(p):
+               'expr : expr "-" expr'
+               ...
+
+          In addition to this, it is necessary to tell the lexer module about
+          literal characters.   This is done by defining the variable 'literals'
+          as a list of characters.  This should  be defined in the module that
+          invokes the lex.lex() function.  For example:
+
+             literals = ['+','-','*','/','(',')','=']
+ 
+          or simply
+
+             literals = '+=*/()='
+
+          It is important to note that literals can only be a single character.
+          When the lexer fails to match a token using its normal regular expression
+          rules, it will check the current character against the literal list.
+          If found, it will be returned with a token type set to match the literal
+          character.  Otherwise, an illegal character will be signalled.
+
+
+09/14/06: beazley
+          Modified PLY to install itself as a proper Python package called 'ply'.
+          This will make it a little more friendly to other modules.  This
+          changes the usage of PLY only slightly.  Just do this to import the
+          modules
+
+                import ply.lex as lex
+                import ply.yacc as yacc
+
+          Alternatively, you can do this:
+
+                from ply import *
+
+          Which imports both the lex and yacc modules.
+          Change suggested by Lee June.
+
+09/13/06: beazley
+          Changed the handling of negative indices when used in production rules.
+          A negative production index now accesses already parsed symbols on the
+          parsing stack.  For example, 
+
+              def p_foo(p):
+                   "foo: A B C D"
+                   print p[1]       # Value of 'A' symbol
+                   print p[2]       # Value of 'B' symbol
+                   print p[-1]      # Value of whatever symbol appears before A
+                                    # on the parsing stack.
+
+                   p[0] = some_val  # Sets the value of the 'foo' grammer symbol
+                                    
+          This behavior makes it easier to work with embedded actions within the
+          parsing rules. For example, in C-yacc, it is possible to write code like
+          this:
+
+               bar:   A { printf("seen an A = %d\n", $1); } B { do_stuff; }
+
+          In this example, the printf() code executes immediately after A has been
+          parsed.  Within the embedded action code, $1 refers to the A symbol on
+          the stack.
+
+          To perform this equivalent action in PLY, you need to write a pair
+          of rules like this:
+
+               def p_bar(p):
+                     "bar : A seen_A B"
+                     do_stuff
+
+               def p_seen_A(p):
+                     "seen_A :"
+                     print "seen an A =", p[-1]
+
+          The second rule "seen_A" is merely a empty production which should be
+          reduced as soon as A is parsed in the "bar" rule above.  The use 
+          of the negative index p[-1] is used to access whatever symbol appeared
+          before the seen_A symbol.
+
+          This feature also makes it possible to support inherited attributes.
+          For example:
+
+               def p_decl(p):
+                     "decl : scope name"
+
+               def p_scope(p):
+                     """scope : GLOBAL
+                              | LOCAL"""
+                   p[0] = p[1]
+
+               def p_name(p):
+                     "name : ID"
+                     if p[-1] == "GLOBAL":
+                          # ...
+                     else if p[-1] == "LOCAL":
+                          #...
+
+          In this case, the name rule is inheriting an attribute from the
+          scope declaration that precedes it.
+       
+          *** POTENTIAL INCOMPATIBILITY ***
+          If you are currently using negative indices within existing grammar rules,
+          your code will break.  This should be extremely rare if non-existent in
+          most cases.  The argument to various grammar rules is not usually not
+          processed in the same way as a list of items.
+          
+Version 2.0
+------------------------------
+09/07/06: beazley
+          Major cleanup and refactoring of the LR table generation code.  Both SLR
+          and LALR(1) table generation is now performed by the same code base with
+          only minor extensions for extra LALR(1) processing.
+
+09/07/06: beazley
+          Completely reimplemented the entire LALR(1) parsing engine to use the
+          DeRemer and Pennello algorithm for calculating lookahead sets.  This
+          significantly improves the performance of generating LALR(1) tables
+          and has the added feature of actually working correctly!  If you
+          experienced weird behavior with LALR(1) in prior releases, this should
+          hopefully resolve all of those problems.  Many thanks to 
+          Andrew Waters and Markus Schoepflin for submitting bug reports
+          and helping me test out the revised LALR(1) support.
+
+Version 1.8
+------------------------------
+08/02/06: beazley
+          Fixed a problem related to the handling of default actions in LALR(1)
+          parsing.  If you experienced subtle and/or bizarre behavior when trying
+          to use the LALR(1) engine, this may correct those problems.  Patch
+          contributed by Russ Cox.  Note: This patch has been superceded by 
+          revisions for LALR(1) parsing in Ply-2.0.
+
+08/02/06: beazley
+          Added support for slicing of productions in yacc.  
+          Patch contributed by Patrick Mezard.
+
+Version 1.7
+------------------------------
+03/02/06: beazley
+          Fixed infinite recursion problem ReduceToTerminals() function that
+          would sometimes come up in LALR(1) table generation.  Reported by 
+          Markus Schoepflin.
+
+03/01/06: beazley
+          Added "reflags" argument to lex().  For example:
+
+               lex.lex(reflags=re.UNICODE)
+
+          This can be used to specify optional flags to the re.compile() function
+          used inside the lexer.   This may be necessary for special situations such
+          as processing Unicode (e.g., if you want escapes like \w and \b to consult
+          the Unicode character property database).   The need for this suggested by
+          Andreas Jung.
+
+03/01/06: beazley
+          Fixed a bug with an uninitialized variable on repeated instantiations of parser
+          objects when the write_tables=0 argument was used.   Reported by Michael Brown.
+
+03/01/06: beazley
+          Modified lex.py to accept Unicode strings both as the regular expressions for
+          tokens and as input. Hopefully this is the only change needed for Unicode support.
+          Patch contributed by Johan Dahl.
+
+03/01/06: beazley
+          Modified the class-based interface to work with new-style or old-style classes.
+          Patch contributed by Michael Brown (although I tweaked it slightly so it would work
+          with older versions of Python).
+
+Version 1.6
+------------------------------
+05/27/05: beazley
+          Incorporated patch contributed by Christopher Stawarz to fix an extremely
+          devious bug in LALR(1) parser generation.   This patch should fix problems
+          numerous people reported with LALR parsing.
+
+05/27/05: beazley
+          Fixed problem with lex.py copy constructor.  Reported by Dave Aitel, Aaron Lav,
+          and Thad Austin. 
+
+05/27/05: beazley
+          Added outputdir option to yacc()  to control output directory. Contributed
+          by Christopher Stawarz.
+
+05/27/05: beazley
+          Added rununit.py test script to run tests using the Python unittest module.
+          Contributed by Miki Tebeka.
+
+Version 1.5
+------------------------------
+05/26/04: beazley
+          Major enhancement. LALR(1) parsing support is now working.
+          This feature was implemented by Elias Ioup (ezioup@alumni.uchicago.edu)
+          and optimized by David Beazley. To use LALR(1) parsing do
+          the following:
+
+               yacc.yacc(method="LALR")
+
+          Computing LALR(1) parsing tables takes about twice as long as
+          the default SLR method.  However, LALR(1) allows you to handle
+          more complex grammars.  For example, the ANSI C grammar
+          (in example/ansic) has 13 shift-reduce conflicts with SLR, but
+          only has 1 shift-reduce conflict with LALR(1).
+
+05/20/04: beazley
+          Added a __len__ method to parser production lists.  Can
+          be used in parser rules like this:
+
+             def p_somerule(p):
+                 """a : B C D
+                      | E F"
+                 if (len(p) == 3):
+                     # Must have been first rule
+                 elif (len(p) == 2):
+                     # Must be second rule
+
+          Suggested by Joshua Gerth and others.
+
+Version 1.4
+------------------------------
+04/23/04: beazley
+          Incorporated a variety of patches contributed by Eric Raymond.
+          These include:
+
+           0. Cleans up some comments so they don't wrap on an 80-column display.
+           1. Directs compiler errors to stderr where they belong.
+           2. Implements and documents automatic line counting when \n is ignored.
+           3. Changes the way progress messages are dumped when debugging is on. 
+              The new format is both less verbose and conveys more information than
+              the old, including shift and reduce actions.
+
+04/23/04: beazley
+          Added a Python setup.py file to simply installation.  Contributed
+          by Adam Kerrison.
+
+04/23/04: beazley
+          Added patches contributed by Adam Kerrison.
+ 
+          -   Some output is now only shown when debugging is enabled.  This
+              means that PLY will be completely silent when not in debugging mode.
+          
+          -   An optional parameter "write_tables" can be passed to yacc() to
+              control whether or not parsing tables are written.   By default,
+              it is true, but it can be turned off if you don't want the yacc
+              table file. Note: disabling this will cause yacc() to regenerate
+              the parsing table each time.
+
+04/23/04: beazley
+          Added patches contributed by David McNab.  This patch addes two
+          features:
+
+          -   The parser can be supplied as a class instead of a module.
+              For an example of this, see the example/classcalc directory.
+
+          -   Debugging output can be directed to a filename of the user's
+              choice.  Use
+
+                 yacc(debugfile="somefile.out")
+
+          
+Version 1.3
+------------------------------
+12/10/02: jmdyck
+          Various minor adjustments to the code that Dave checked in today.
+          Updated test/yacc_{inf,unused}.exp to reflect today's changes.
+
+12/10/02: beazley
+          Incorporated a variety of minor bug fixes to empty production
+          handling and infinite recursion checking.  Contributed by
+          Michael Dyck.
+
+12/10/02: beazley
+          Removed bogus recover() method call in yacc.restart()
+
+Version 1.2
+------------------------------
+11/27/02: beazley
+          Lexer and parser objects are now available as an attribute
+          of tokens and slices respectively. For example:
+ 
+             def t_NUMBER(t):
+                 r'\d+'
+                 print t.lexer
+
+             def p_expr_plus(t):
+                 'expr: expr PLUS expr'
+                 print t.lexer
+                 print t.parser
+
+          This can be used for state management (if needed).
+ 
+10/31/02: beazley
+          Modified yacc.py to work with Python optimize mode.  To make
+          this work, you need to use
+
+              yacc.yacc(optimize=1)
+
+          Furthermore, you need to first run Python in normal mode
+          to generate the necessary parsetab.py files.  After that,
+          you can use python -O or python -OO.  
+
+          Note: optimized mode turns off a lot of error checking.
+          Only use when you are sure that your grammar is working.
+          Make sure parsetab.py is up to date!
+
+10/30/02: beazley
+          Added cloning of Lexer objects.   For example:
+
+              import copy
+              l = lex.lex()
+              lc = copy.copy(l)
+
+              l.input("Some text")
+              lc.input("Some other text")
+              ...
+
+          This might be useful if the same "lexer" is meant to
+          be used in different contexts---or if multiple lexers
+          are running concurrently.
+                
+10/30/02: beazley
+          Fixed subtle bug with first set computation and empty productions.
+          Patch submitted by Michael Dyck.
+
+10/30/02: beazley
+          Fixed error messages to use "filename:line: message" instead
+          of "filename:line. message".  This makes error reporting more
+          friendly to emacs. Patch submitted by François Pinard.
+
+10/30/02: beazley
+          Improvements to parser.out file.  Terminals and nonterminals
+          are sorted instead of being printed in random order.
+          Patch submitted by François Pinard.
+
+10/30/02: beazley
+          Improvements to parser.out file output.  Rules are now printed
+          in a way that's easier to understand.  Contributed by Russ Cox.
+
+10/30/02: beazley
+          Added 'nonassoc' associativity support.    This can be used
+          to disable the chaining of operators like a < b < c.
+          To use, simply specify 'nonassoc' in the precedence table
+
+          precedence = (
+            ('nonassoc', 'LESSTHAN', 'GREATERTHAN'),  # Nonassociative operators
+            ('left', 'PLUS', 'MINUS'),
+            ('left', 'TIMES', 'DIVIDE'),
+            ('right', 'UMINUS'),            # Unary minus operator
+          )
+
+          Patch contributed by Russ Cox.
+
+10/30/02: beazley
+          Modified the lexer to provide optional support for Python -O and -OO
+          modes.  To make this work, Python *first* needs to be run in
+          unoptimized mode.  This reads the lexing information and creates a
+          file "lextab.py".  Then, run lex like this:
+
+                   # module foo.py
+                   ...
+                   ...
+                   lex.lex(optimize=1)
+
+          Once the lextab file has been created, subsequent calls to
+          lex.lex() will read data from the lextab file instead of using 
+          introspection.   In optimized mode (-O, -OO) everything should
+          work normally despite the loss of doc strings.
+
+          To change the name of the file 'lextab.py' use the following:
+
+                  lex.lex(lextab="footab")
+
+          (this creates a file footab.py)
+         
+
+Version 1.1   October 25, 2001
+------------------------------
+
+10/25/01: beazley
+          Modified the table generator to produce much more compact data.
+          This should greatly reduce the size of the parsetab.py[c] file.
+          Caveat: the tables still need to be constructed so a little more
+          work is done in parsetab on import. 
+
+10/25/01: beazley
+          There may be a possible bug in the cycle detector that reports errors
+          about infinite recursion.   I'm having a little trouble tracking it
+          down, but if you get this problem, you can disable the cycle
+          detector as follows:
+
+                 yacc.yacc(check_recursion = 0)
+
+10/25/01: beazley
+          Fixed a bug in lex.py that sometimes caused illegal characters to be
+          reported incorrectly.  Reported by Sverre Jørgensen.
+
+7/8/01  : beazley
+          Added a reference to the underlying lexer object when tokens are handled by
+          functions.   The lexer is available as the 'lexer' attribute.   This
+          was added to provide better lexing support for languages such as Fortran
+          where certain types of tokens can't be conveniently expressed as regular 
+          expressions (and where the tokenizing function may want to perform a 
+          little backtracking).  Suggested by Pearu Peterson.
+
+6/20/01 : beazley
+          Modified yacc() function so that an optional starting symbol can be specified.
+          For example:
+            
+                 yacc.yacc(start="statement")
+
+          Normally yacc always treats the first production rule as the starting symbol.
+          However, if you are debugging your grammar it may be useful to specify
+          an alternative starting symbol.  Idea suggested by Rich Salz.
+                      
+Version 1.0  June 18, 2001
+--------------------------
+Initial public offering
+
diff --git a/chall/ply-2.2/COPYING b/chall/ply-2.2/COPYING
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..b1e3f5a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/chall/ply-2.2/COPYING
@@ -0,0 +1,504 @@
+		  GNU LESSER GENERAL PUBLIC LICENSE
+		       Version 2.1, February 1999
+
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+
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+
+  13. The Free Software Foundation may publish revised and/or new
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+
+  14. If you wish to incorporate parts of the Library into other free
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+DAMAGES.
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+
+           How to Apply These Terms to Your New Libraries
+
+  If you develop a new library, and you want it to be of the greatest
+possible use to the public, we recommend making it free software that
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+"copyright" line and a pointer to where the full notice is found.
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+    Copyright (C) <year>  <name of author>
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+    modify it under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public
+    License as published by the Free Software Foundation; either
+    version 2.1 of the License, or (at your option) any later version.
+
+    This library is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+    but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+    MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU
+    Lesser General Public License for more details.
+
+    You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public
+    License along with this library; if not, write to the Free Software
+    Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place, Suite 330, Boston, MA  02111-1307  USA
+
+Also add information on how to contact you by electronic and paper mail.
+
+You should also get your employer (if you work as a programmer) or your
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+
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+  library `Frob' (a library for tweaking knobs) written by James Random Hacker.
+
+  <signature of Ty Coon>, 1 April 1990
+  Ty Coon, President of Vice
+
+That's all there is to it!
+
+
diff --git a/chall/ply-2.2/README b/chall/ply-2.2/README
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..d91e26c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/chall/ply-2.2/README
@@ -0,0 +1,277 @@
+PLY (Python Lex-Yacc)                   Version 2.2  (November 1, 2006)
+
+David M. Beazley (dave@dabeaz.com)
+
+Copyright (C) 2001-2006   David M. Beazley
+
+This library is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
+modify it under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public
+License as published by the Free Software Foundation; either
+version 2.1 of the License, or (at your option) any later version.
+
+This library is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU
+Lesser General Public License for more details.
+
+You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public
+License along with this library; if not, write to the Free Software
+Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place, Suite 330, Boston, MA  02111-1307  USA
+
+See the file COPYING for a complete copy of the LGPL.
+
+Introduction
+============
+
+PLY is a 100% Python implementation of the common parsing tools lex
+and yacc.   Although several other parsing tools are available for
+Python, there are several reasons why you might want to consider PLY:
+
+ -  The tools are very closely modeled after traditional lex/yacc.
+    If you know how to use these tools in C, you will find PLY
+    to be similar.
+
+ -  PLY provides *very* extensive error reporting and diagnostic 
+    information to assist in parser construction.  The original
+    implementation was developed for instructional purposes.  As
+    a result, the system tries to identify the most common types
+    of errors made by novice users.  
+
+ -  PLY provides full support for empty productions, error recovery,
+    precedence specifiers, and moderately ambiguous grammars.
+
+ -  Parsing is based on LR-parsing which is fast, memory efficient, 
+    better suited to large grammars, and which has a number of nice
+    properties when dealing with syntax errors and other parsing problems.
+    Currently, PLY builds its parsing tables using the SLR algorithm which 
+    is slightly weaker than LALR(1) used in traditional yacc. 
+
+ -  PLY uses Python introspection features to build lexers and parsers.  
+    This greatly simplifies the task of parser construction since it reduces 
+    the number of files and eliminates the need to run a separate lex/yacc 
+    tool before running your program.
+
+ -  PLY can be used to build parsers for "real" programming languages.
+    Although it is not ultra-fast due to its Python implementation,
+    PLY can be used to parse grammars consisting of several hundred
+    rules (as might be found for a language like C).  The lexer and LR 
+    parser are also reasonably efficient when parsing typically
+    sized programs.
+
+The original version of PLY was developed for an Introduction to
+Compilers course where students used it to build a compiler for a
+simple Pascal-like language.  Their compiler had to include lexical
+analysis, parsing, type checking, type inference, and generation of
+assembly code for the SPARC processor.  Because of this, the current
+implementation has been extensively tested and debugged.  In addition,
+most of the API and error checking steps have been adapted to address
+common usability problems.
+
+How to Use
+==========
+
+PLY consists of two files : lex.py and yacc.py.  These are contained
+within the 'ply' directory which may also be used as a Python package.
+To use PLY, simply copy the 'ply' directory to your project and import
+lex and yacc from the associated 'ply' package.  For example:
+
+     import ply.lex as lex
+     import ply.yacc as yacc
+
+Alternatively, you can copy just the files lex.py and yacc.py
+individually and use them as modules.  For example:
+
+     import lex
+     import yacc
+
+The file setup.py can be used to install ply using distutils.
+
+The file doc/ply.html contains complete documentation on how to use
+the system.
+
+The example directory contains several different examples including a
+PLY specification for ANSI C as given in K&R 2nd Ed.   
+
+A simple example is found at the end of this document
+
+Requirements
+============
+PLY requires the use of Python 2.0 or greater.  It should work on
+just about any platform.  PLY has been tested with both CPython and
+Jython.  However, it does not work with IronPython.
+
+Resources
+=========
+More information about PLY can be obtained on the PLY webpage at:
+
+     http://www.dabeaz.com/ply
+
+For a detailed overview of parsing theory, consult the excellent
+book "Compilers : Principles, Techniques, and Tools" by Aho, Sethi, and
+Ullman.  The topics found in "Lex & Yacc" by Levine, Mason, and Brown
+may also be useful.
+
+A Google group for PLY can be found at
+
+     http://groups.google.com/group/ply-hack
+
+Acknowledgments
+===============
+A special thanks is in order for all of the students in CS326 who
+suffered through about 25 different versions of these tools :-).
+
+The CHANGES file acknowledges those who have contributed patches.
+
+Elias Ioup did the first implementation of LALR(1) parsing in PLY-1.x. 
+Andrew Waters and Markus Schoepflin were instrumental in reporting bugs
+and testing a revised LALR(1) implementation for PLY-2.0.
+
+Special Note for PLY-2.x
+========================
+PLY-2.0 is the first in a series of PLY releases that will be adding a
+variety of significant new features.  The first release in this series
+(Ply-2.0) should be 100% compatible with all previous Ply-1.x releases
+except for the fact that Ply-2.0 features a correct implementation of
+LALR(1) table generation.  
+
+If you have suggestions for improving PLY in future 2.x releases, please
+contact me.   - Dave
+
+Example
+=======
+
+Here is a simple example showing a PLY implementation of a calculator
+with variables.
+
+# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# calc.py
+#
+# A simple calculator with variables.
+# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+tokens = (
+    'NAME','NUMBER',
+    'PLUS','MINUS','TIMES','DIVIDE','EQUALS',
+    'LPAREN','RPAREN',
+    )
+
+# Tokens
+
+t_PLUS    = r'\+'
+t_MINUS   = r'-'
+t_TIMES   = r'\*'
+t_DIVIDE  = r'/'
+t_EQUALS  = r'='
+t_LPAREN  = r'\('
+t_RPAREN  = r'\)'
+t_NAME    = r'[a-zA-Z_][a-zA-Z0-9_]*'
+
+def t_NUMBER(t):
+    r'\d+'
+    try:
+        t.value = int(t.value)
+    except ValueError:
+        print "Integer value too large", t.value
+        t.value = 0
+    return t
+
+# Ignored characters
+t_ignore = " \t"
+
+def t_newline(t):
+    r'\n+'
+    t.lexer.lineno += t.value.count("\n")
+    
+def t_error(t):
+    print "Illegal character '%s'" % t.value[0]
+    t.lexer.skip(1)
+    
+# Build the lexer
+import ply.lex as lex
+lex.lex()
+
+# Precedence rules for the arithmetic operators
+precedence = (
+    ('left','PLUS','MINUS'),
+    ('left','TIMES','DIVIDE'),
+    ('right','UMINUS'),
+    )
+
+# dictionary of names (for storing variables)
+names = { }
+
+def p_statement_assign(p):
+    'statement : NAME EQUALS expression'
+    names[p[1]] = p[3]
+
+def p_statement_expr(p):
+    'statement : expression'
+    print p[1]
+
+def p_expression_binop(p):
+    '''expression : expression PLUS expression
+                  | expression MINUS expression
+                  | expression TIMES expression
+                  | expression DIVIDE expression'''
+    if p[2] == '+'  : p[0] = p[1] + p[3]
+    elif p[2] == '-': p[0] = p[1] - p[3]
+    elif p[2] == '*': p[0] = p[1] * p[3]
+    elif p[2] == '/': p[0] = p[1] / p[3]
+
+def p_expression_uminus(p):
+    'expression : MINUS expression %prec UMINUS'
+    p[0] = -p[2]
+
+def p_expression_group(p):
+    'expression : LPAREN expression RPAREN'
+    p[0] = p[2]
+
+def p_expression_number(p):
+    'expression : NUMBER'
+    p[0] = p[1]
+
+def p_expression_name(p):
+    'expression : NAME'
+    try:
+        p[0] = names[p[1]]
+    except LookupError:
+        print "Undefined name '%s'" % p[1]
+        p[0] = 0
+
+def p_error(p):
+    print "Syntax error at '%s'" % p.value
+
+import ply.yacc as yacc
+yacc.yacc()
+
+while 1:
+    try:
+        s = raw_input('calc > ')
+    except EOFError:
+        break
+    yacc.parse(s)
+
+
+Bug Reports and Patches
+=======================
+Because of the extremely specialized and advanced nature of PLY, I
+rarely spend much time working on it unless I receive very specific
+bug-reports and/or patches to fix problems. I also try to incorporate
+submitted feature requests and enhancements into each new version.  To
+contact me about bugs and/or new features, please send email to
+dave@dabeaz.com.
+
+In addition there is a Google group for discussing PLY related issues at
+
+    http://groups.google.com/group/ply-hack
+ 
+-- Dave
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
diff --git a/chall/ply-2.2/TODO b/chall/ply-2.2/TODO
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..7139d53
--- /dev/null
+++ b/chall/ply-2.2/TODO
@@ -0,0 +1,14 @@
+The PLY to-do list:
+
+1. More interesting parsing examples.
+
+2. Work on the ANSI C grammar so that it can actually parse C programs.  To do this,
+   some extra code needs to be added to the lexer to deal with typedef names and enumeration
+   constants.
+
+3. More tests in the test directory.
+
+4. Performance improvements and cleanup in yacc.py.
+
+5. More documentation (?).
+
diff --git a/chall/ply-2.2/build/lib.linux-x86_64-2.7/ply/__init__.py b/chall/ply-2.2/build/lib.linux-x86_64-2.7/ply/__init__.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..853a985
--- /dev/null
+++ b/chall/ply-2.2/build/lib.linux-x86_64-2.7/ply/__init__.py
@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+# PLY package
+# Author: David Beazley (dave@dabeaz.com)
+
+__all__ = ['lex','yacc']
diff --git a/chall/ply-2.2/build/lib.linux-x86_64-2.7/ply/lex.py b/chall/ply-2.2/build/lib.linux-x86_64-2.7/ply/lex.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..c149366
--- /dev/null
+++ b/chall/ply-2.2/build/lib.linux-x86_64-2.7/ply/lex.py
@@ -0,0 +1,866 @@
+#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# ply: lex.py
+#
+# Author: David M. Beazley (dave@dabeaz.com)
+#
+# Copyright (C) 2001-2006, David M. Beazley
+#
+# This library is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
+# modify it under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public
+# License as published by the Free Software Foundation; either
+# version 2.1 of the License, or (at your option) any later version.
+# 
+# This library is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+# but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+# MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU
+# Lesser General Public License for more details.
+# 
+# You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public
+# License along with this library; if not, write to the Free Software
+# Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place, Suite 330, Boston, MA  02111-1307  USA
+# 
+# See the file COPYING for a complete copy of the LGPL.
+#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+__version__ = "2.2"
+
+import re, sys, types
+
+# Regular expression used to match valid token names
+_is_identifier = re.compile(r'^[a-zA-Z0-9_]+$')
+
+# Available instance types.  This is used when lexers are defined by a class.
+# It's a little funky because I want to preserve backwards compatibility
+# with Python 2.0 where types.ObjectType is undefined.
+
+try:
+   _INSTANCETYPE = (types.InstanceType, types.ObjectType)
+except AttributeError:
+   _INSTANCETYPE = types.InstanceType
+   class object: pass       # Note: needed if no new-style classes present
+
+# Exception thrown when invalid token encountered and no default error
+# handler is defined.
+class LexError(Exception):
+    def __init__(self,message,s):
+         self.args = (message,)
+         self.text = s
+
+# Token class
+class LexToken(object):
+    def __str__(self):
+        return "LexToken(%s,%r,%d,%d)" % (self.type,self.value,self.lineno,self.lexpos)
+    def __repr__(self):
+        return str(self)
+    def skip(self,n):
+        self.lexer.skip(n)
+
+# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# Lexer class
+#
+# This class encapsulates all of the methods and data associated with a lexer.
+#
+#    input()          -  Store a new string in the lexer
+#    token()          -  Get the next token
+# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+class Lexer:
+    def __init__(self):
+        self.lexre = None             # Master regular expression. This is a list of 
+                                      # tuples (re,findex) where re is a compiled
+                                      # regular expression and findex is a list
+                                      # mapping regex group numbers to rules
+        self.lexretext = None         # Current regular expression strings
+        self.lexstatere = {}          # Dictionary mapping lexer states to master regexs
+        self.lexstateretext = {}      # Dictionary mapping lexer states to regex strings
+        self.lexstate = "INITIAL"     # Current lexer state
+        self.lexstatestack = []       # Stack of lexer states
+        self.lexstateinfo = None      # State information
+        self.lexstateignore = {}      # Dictionary of ignored characters for each state
+        self.lexstateerrorf = {}      # Dictionary of error functions for each state
+        self.lexreflags = 0           # Optional re compile flags
+        self.lexdata = None           # Actual input data (as a string)
+        self.lexpos = 0               # Current position in input text
+        self.lexlen = 0               # Length of the input text
+        self.lexerrorf = None         # Error rule (if any)
+        self.lextokens = None         # List of valid tokens
+        self.lexignore = ""           # Ignored characters
+        self.lexliterals = ""         # Literal characters that can be passed through
+        self.lexmodule = None         # Module
+        self.lineno = 1               # Current line number
+        self.lexdebug = 0             # Debugging mode
+        self.lexoptimize = 0          # Optimized mode
+
+    def clone(self,object=None):
+        c = Lexer()
+        c.lexstatere = self.lexstatere
+        c.lexstateinfo = self.lexstateinfo
+        c.lexstateretext = self.lexstateretext
+        c.lexstate = self.lexstate
+        c.lexstatestack = self.lexstatestack
+        c.lexstateignore = self.lexstateignore
+        c.lexstateerrorf = self.lexstateerrorf
+        c.lexreflags = self.lexreflags
+        c.lexdata = self.lexdata
+        c.lexpos = self.lexpos
+        c.lexlen = self.lexlen
+        c.lextokens = self.lextokens
+        c.lexdebug = self.lexdebug
+        c.lineno = self.lineno
+        c.lexoptimize = self.lexoptimize
+        c.lexliterals = self.lexliterals
+        c.lexmodule   = self.lexmodule
+
+        # If the object parameter has been supplied, it means we are attaching the
+        # lexer to a new object.  In this case, we have to rebind all methods in
+        # the lexstatere and lexstateerrorf tables.
+
+        if object:
+            newtab = { }
+            for key, ritem in self.lexstatere.items():
+                newre = []
+                for cre, findex in ritem:
+                     newfindex = []
+                     for f in findex:
+                         if not f or not f[0]:
+                             newfindex.append(f)
+                             continue
+                         newfindex.append((getattr(object,f[0].__name__),f[1]))
+                newre.append((cre,newfindex))
+                newtab[key] = newre
+            c.lexstatere = newtab
+            c.lexstateerrorf = { }
+            for key, ef in self.lexstateerrorf.items():
+                c.lexstateerrorf[key] = getattr(object,ef.__name__)
+            c.lexmodule = object
+
+        # Set up other attributes
+        c.begin(c.lexstate)
+        return c
+
+    # ------------------------------------------------------------
+    # writetab() - Write lexer information to a table file
+    # ------------------------------------------------------------
+    def writetab(self,tabfile):
+        tf = open(tabfile+".py","w")
+        tf.write("# %s.py. This file automatically created by PLY (version %s). Don't edit!\n" % (tabfile,__version__))
+        tf.write("_lextokens    = %s\n" % repr(self.lextokens))
+        tf.write("_lexreflags   = %s\n" % repr(self.lexreflags))
+        tf.write("_lexliterals  = %s\n" % repr(self.lexliterals))
+        tf.write("_lexstateinfo = %s\n" % repr(self.lexstateinfo))
+        
+        tabre = { }
+        for key, lre in self.lexstatere.items():
+             titem = []
+             for i in range(len(lre)):
+                  titem.append((self.lexstateretext[key][i],_funcs_to_names(lre[i][1])))
+             tabre[key] = titem
+
+        tf.write("_lexstatere   = %s\n" % repr(tabre))
+        tf.write("_lexstateignore = %s\n" % repr(self.lexstateignore))
+
+        taberr = { }
+        for key, ef in self.lexstateerrorf.items():
+             if ef:
+                  taberr[key] = ef.__name__
+             else:
+                  taberr[key] = None
+        tf.write("_lexstateerrorf = %s\n" % repr(taberr))
+        tf.close()
+
+    # ------------------------------------------------------------
+    # readtab() - Read lexer information from a tab file
+    # ------------------------------------------------------------
+    def readtab(self,tabfile,fdict):
+        exec "import %s as lextab" % tabfile
+        self.lextokens      = lextab._lextokens
+        self.lexreflags     = lextab._lexreflags
+        self.lexliterals    = lextab._lexliterals
+        self.lexstateinfo   = lextab._lexstateinfo
+        self.lexstateignore = lextab._lexstateignore
+        self.lexstatere     = { }
+        self.lexstateretext = { }
+        for key,lre in lextab._lexstatere.items():
+             titem = []
+             txtitem = []
+             for i in range(len(lre)):
+                  titem.append((re.compile(lre[i][0],lextab._lexreflags),_names_to_funcs(lre[i][1],fdict)))
+                  txtitem.append(lre[i][0])
+             self.lexstatere[key] = titem
+             self.lexstateretext[key] = txtitem
+        self.lexstateerrorf = { }
+        for key,ef in lextab._lexstateerrorf.items():
+             self.lexstateerrorf[key] = fdict[ef]
+        self.begin('INITIAL')
+         
+    # ------------------------------------------------------------
+    # input() - Push a new string into the lexer
+    # ------------------------------------------------------------
+    def input(self,s):
+        if not (isinstance(s,types.StringType) or isinstance(s,types.UnicodeType)):
+            raise ValueError, "Expected a string"
+        self.lexdata = s
+        self.lexpos = 0
+        self.lexlen = len(s)
+
+    # ------------------------------------------------------------
+    # begin() - Changes the lexing state
+    # ------------------------------------------------------------
+    def begin(self,state):
+        if not self.lexstatere.has_key(state):
+            raise ValueError, "Undefined state"
+        self.lexre = self.lexstatere[state]
+        self.lexretext = self.lexstateretext[state]
+        self.lexignore = self.lexstateignore.get(state,"")
+        self.lexerrorf = self.lexstateerrorf.get(state,None)
+        self.lexstate = state
+
+    # ------------------------------------------------------------
+    # push_state() - Changes the lexing state and saves old on stack
+    # ------------------------------------------------------------
+    def push_state(self,state):
+        self.lexstatestack.append(self.lexstate)
+        self.begin(state)
+
+    # ------------------------------------------------------------
+    # pop_state() - Restores the previous state
+    # ------------------------------------------------------------
+    def pop_state(self):
+        self.begin(self.lexstatestack.pop())
+
+    # ------------------------------------------------------------
+    # current_state() - Returns the current lexing state
+    # ------------------------------------------------------------
+    def current_state(self):
+        return self.lexstate
+
+    # ------------------------------------------------------------
+    # skip() - Skip ahead n characters
+    # ------------------------------------------------------------
+    def skip(self,n):
+        self.lexpos += n
+
+    # ------------------------------------------------------------
+    # token() - Return the next token from the Lexer
+    #
+    # Note: This function has been carefully implemented to be as fast
+    # as possible.  Don't make changes unless you really know what
+    # you are doing
+    # ------------------------------------------------------------
+    def token(self):
+        # Make local copies of frequently referenced attributes
+        lexpos    = self.lexpos
+        lexlen    = self.lexlen
+        lexignore = self.lexignore
+        lexdata   = self.lexdata
+
+        while lexpos < lexlen:
+            # This code provides some short-circuit code for whitespace, tabs, and other ignored characters
+            if lexdata[lexpos] in lexignore:
+                lexpos += 1
+                continue
+
+            # Look for a regular expression match
+            for lexre,lexindexfunc in self.lexre:
+                m = lexre.match(lexdata,lexpos)
+                if not m: continue
+
+                # Set last match in lexer so that rules can access it if they want
+                self.lexmatch = m
+
+                # Create a token for return
+                tok = LexToken()
+                tok.value = m.group()
+                tok.lineno = self.lineno
+                tok.lexpos = lexpos
+                tok.lexer = self
+
+                lexpos = m.end()
+                i = m.lastindex
+                func,tok.type = lexindexfunc[i]
+                self.lexpos = lexpos
+
+                if not func:
+                   # If no token type was set, it's an ignored token
+                   if tok.type: return tok      
+                   break
+
+                # if func not callable, it means it's an ignored token                
+                if not callable(func):
+                   break 
+
+                # If token is processed by a function, call it
+                newtok = func(tok)
+                
+                # Every function must return a token, if nothing, we just move to next token
+                if not newtok: 
+                    lexpos = self.lexpos        # This is here in case user has updated lexpos.
+                    break
+                
+                # Verify type of the token.  If not in the token map, raise an error
+                if not self.lexoptimize:
+                    if not self.lextokens.has_key(newtok.type):
+                        raise LexError, ("%s:%d: Rule '%s' returned an unknown token type '%s'" % (
+                            func.func_code.co_filename, func.func_code.co_firstlineno,
+                            func.__name__, newtok.type),lexdata[lexpos:])
+
+                return newtok
+            else:
+                # No match, see if in literals
+                if lexdata[lexpos] in self.lexliterals:
+                    tok = LexToken()
+                    tok.value = lexdata[lexpos]
+                    tok.lineno = self.lineno
+                    tok.lexer = self
+                    tok.type = tok.value
+                    tok.lexpos = lexpos
+                    self.lexpos = lexpos + 1
+                    return tok
+        
+                # No match. Call t_error() if defined.
+                if self.lexerrorf:
+                    tok = LexToken()
+                    tok.value = self.lexdata[lexpos:]
+                    tok.lineno = self.lineno
+                    tok.type = "error"
+                    tok.lexer = self
+                    tok.lexpos = lexpos
+                    self.lexpos = lexpos
+                    newtok = self.lexerrorf(tok)
+                    if lexpos == self.lexpos:
+                        # Error method didn't change text position at all. This is an error.
+                        raise LexError, ("Scanning error. Illegal character '%s'" % (lexdata[lexpos]), lexdata[lexpos:])
+                    lexpos = self.lexpos
+                    if not newtok: continue
+                    return newtok
+
+                self.lexpos = lexpos
+                raise LexError, ("Illegal character '%s' at index %d" % (lexdata[lexpos],lexpos), lexdata[lexpos:])
+
+        self.lexpos = lexpos + 1
+        if self.lexdata is None:
+             raise RuntimeError, "No input string given with input()"
+        return None
+        
+# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# _validate_file()
+#
+# This checks to see if there are duplicated t_rulename() functions or strings
+# in the parser input file.  This is done using a simple regular expression
+# match on each line in the filename.
+# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+def _validate_file(filename):
+    import os.path
+    base,ext = os.path.splitext(filename)
+    if ext != '.py': return 1        # No idea what the file is. Return OK
+
+    try:
+        f = open(filename)
+        lines = f.readlines()
+        f.close()
+    except IOError:
+        return 1                       # Oh well
+
+    fre = re.compile(r'\s*def\s+(t_[a-zA-Z_0-9]*)\(')
+    sre = re.compile(r'\s*(t_[a-zA-Z_0-9]*)\s*=')
+    counthash = { }
+    linen = 1
+    noerror = 1
+    for l in lines:
+        m = fre.match(l)
+        if not m:
+            m = sre.match(l)
+        if m:
+            name = m.group(1)
+            prev = counthash.get(name)
+            if not prev:
+                counthash[name] = linen
+            else:
+                print "%s:%d: Rule %s redefined. Previously defined on line %d" % (filename,linen,name,prev)
+                noerror = 0
+        linen += 1
+    return noerror
+
+# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# _funcs_to_names()
+#
+# Given a list of regular expression functions, this converts it to a list
+# suitable for output to a table file
+# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+def _funcs_to_names(funclist):
+    result = []
+    for f in funclist:
+         if f and f[0]:
+             result.append((f[0].__name__,f[1]))
+         else:
+             result.append(f)
+    return result
+
+# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# _names_to_funcs()
+#
+# Given a list of regular expression function names, this converts it back to
+# functions.
+# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+def _names_to_funcs(namelist,fdict):
+     result = []
+     for n in namelist:
+          if n and n[0]:
+              result.append((fdict[n[0]],n[1]))
+          else:
+              result.append(n)
+     return result
+
+# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# _form_master_re()
+#
+# This function takes a list of all of the regex components and attempts to
+# form the master regular expression.  Given limitations in the Python re
+# module, it may be necessary to break the master regex into separate expressions.
+# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+def _form_master_re(relist,reflags,ldict):
+    if not relist: return []
+    regex = "|".join(relist)
+    try:
+        lexre = re.compile(regex,re.VERBOSE | reflags)
+
+        # Build the index to function map for the matching engine
+        lexindexfunc = [ None ] * (max(lexre.groupindex.values())+1)
+        for f,i in lexre.groupindex.items():
+            handle = ldict.get(f,None)
+            if type(handle) in (types.FunctionType, types.MethodType):
+                lexindexfunc[i] = (handle,handle.__name__[2:])
+            elif handle is not None:
+                # If rule was specified as a string, we build an anonymous
+                # callback function to carry out the action
+                if f.find("ignore_") > 0:
+                    lexindexfunc[i] = (None,None)
+                    print "IGNORE", f
+                else:
+                    lexindexfunc[i] = (None, f[2:])
+         
+        return [(lexre,lexindexfunc)],[regex]
+    except Exception,e:
+        m = int(len(relist)/2)
+        if m == 0: m = 1
+        llist, lre = _form_master_re(relist[:m],reflags,ldict)
+        rlist, rre = _form_master_re(relist[m:],reflags,ldict)
+        return llist+rlist, lre+rre
+
+# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# def _statetoken(s,names)
+#
+# Given a declaration name s of the form "t_" and a dictionary whose keys are
+# state names, this function returns a tuple (states,tokenname) where states
+# is a tuple of state names and tokenname is the name of the token.  For example,
+# calling this with s = "t_foo_bar_SPAM" might return (('foo','bar'),'SPAM')
+# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+def _statetoken(s,names):
+    nonstate = 1
+    parts = s.split("_")
+    for i in range(1,len(parts)):
+         if not names.has_key(parts[i]) and parts[i] != 'ANY': break
+    if i > 1:
+       states = tuple(parts[1:i])
+    else:
+       states = ('INITIAL',)
+
+    if 'ANY' in states:
+       states = tuple(names.keys())
+      
+    tokenname = "_".join(parts[i:])
+    return (states,tokenname)
+
+# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# lex(module)
+#
+# Build all of the regular expression rules from definitions in the supplied module
+# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+def lex(module=None,object=None,debug=0,optimize=0,lextab="lextab",reflags=0,nowarn=0):
+    global lexer
+    ldict = None
+    stateinfo  = { 'INITIAL' : 'inclusive'}
+    error = 0
+    files = { }
+    lexobj = Lexer()
+    lexobj.lexdebug = debug
+    lexobj.lexoptimize = optimize
+    global token,input
+
+    if nowarn: warn = 0
+    else: warn = 1
+    
+    if object: module = object
+
+    if module:
+        # User supplied a module object.
+        if isinstance(module, types.ModuleType):
+            ldict = module.__dict__
+        elif isinstance(module, _INSTANCETYPE):
+            _items = [(k,getattr(module,k)) for k in dir(module)]
+            ldict = { }
+            for (i,v) in _items:
+                ldict[i] = v
+        else:
+            raise ValueError,"Expected a module or instance"
+        lexobj.lexmodule = module
+        
+    else:
+        # No module given.  We might be able to get information from the caller.
+        try:
+            raise RuntimeError
+        except RuntimeError:
+            e,b,t = sys.exc_info()
+            f = t.tb_frame
+            f = f.f_back           # Walk out to our calling function
+            ldict = f.f_globals    # Grab its globals dictionary
+
+    if optimize and lextab:
+        try:
+            lexobj.readtab(lextab,ldict)
+            token = lexobj.token
+            input = lexobj.input
+            lexer = lexobj
+            return lexobj
+        
+        except ImportError:
+            pass
+        
+    # Get the tokens, states, and literals variables (if any)
+    if (module and isinstance(module,_INSTANCETYPE)):
+        tokens   = getattr(module,"tokens",None)
+        states   = getattr(module,"states",None)
+        literals = getattr(module,"literals","")
+    else:
+        tokens   = ldict.get("tokens",None)
+        states   = ldict.get("states",None)
+        literals = ldict.get("literals","")
+        
+    if not tokens:
+        raise SyntaxError,"lex: module does not define 'tokens'"
+    if not (isinstance(tokens,types.ListType) or isinstance(tokens,types.TupleType)):
+        raise SyntaxError,"lex: tokens must be a list or tuple."
+
+    # Build a dictionary of valid token names
+    lexobj.lextokens = { }
+    if not optimize:
+        for n in tokens:
+            if not _is_identifier.match(n):
+                print "lex: Bad token name '%s'" % n
+                error = 1
+            if warn and lexobj.lextokens.has_key(n):
+                print "lex: Warning. Token '%s' multiply defined." % n
+            lexobj.lextokens[n] = None
+    else:
+        for n in tokens: lexobj.lextokens[n] = None
+
+    if debug:
+        print "lex: tokens = '%s'" % lexobj.lextokens.keys()
+
+    try:
+         for c in literals:
+               if not (isinstance(c,types.StringType) or isinstance(c,types.UnicodeType)) or len(c) > 1:
+                    print "lex: Invalid literal %s. Must be a single character" % repr(c)
+                    error = 1
+                    continue
+
+    except TypeError:
+         print "lex: Invalid literals specification. literals must be a sequence of characters."
+         error = 1
+
+    lexobj.lexliterals = literals
+
+    # Build statemap
+    if states:
+         if not (isinstance(states,types.TupleType) or isinstance(states,types.ListType)):
+              print "lex: states must be defined as a tuple or list."
+              error = 1
+         else:
+              for s in states:
+                    if not isinstance(s,types.TupleType) or len(s) != 2:
+                           print "lex: invalid state specifier %s. Must be a tuple (statename,'exclusive|inclusive')" % repr(s)
+                           error = 1
+                           continue
+                    name, statetype = s
+                    if not isinstance(name,types.StringType):
+                           print "lex: state name %s must be a string" % repr(name)
+                           error = 1
+                           continue
+                    if not (statetype == 'inclusive' or statetype == 'exclusive'):
+                           print "lex: state type for state %s must be 'inclusive' or 'exclusive'" % name
+                           error = 1
+                           continue
+                    if stateinfo.has_key(name):
+                           print "lex: state '%s' already defined." % name
+                           error = 1
+                           continue
+                    stateinfo[name] = statetype
+
+    # Get a list of symbols with the t_ or s_ prefix
+    tsymbols = [f for f in ldict.keys() if f[:2] == 't_' ]
+
+    # Now build up a list of functions and a list of strings
+
+    funcsym =  { }        # Symbols defined as functions
+    strsym =   { }        # Symbols defined as strings
+    toknames = { }        # Mapping of symbols to token names
+
+    for s in stateinfo.keys():
+         funcsym[s] = []
+         strsym[s] = []
+
+    ignore   = { }        # Ignore strings by state
+    errorf   = { }        # Error functions by state
+
+    if len(tsymbols) == 0:
+        raise SyntaxError,"lex: no rules of the form t_rulename are defined."
+
+    for f in tsymbols:
+        t = ldict[f]
+        states, tokname = _statetoken(f,stateinfo)
+        toknames[f] = tokname
+
+        if callable(t):
+            for s in states: funcsym[s].append((f,t))
+        elif (isinstance(t, types.StringType) or isinstance(t,types.UnicodeType)):
+            for s in states: strsym[s].append((f,t))
+        else:
+            print "lex: %s not defined as a function or string" % f
+            error = 1
+
+    # Sort the functions by line number
+    for f in funcsym.values():
+        f.sort(lambda x,y: cmp(x[1].func_code.co_firstlineno,y[1].func_code.co_firstlineno))
+
+    # Sort the strings by regular expression length
+    for s in strsym.values():
+        s.sort(lambda x,y: (len(x[1]) < len(y[1])) - (len(x[1]) > len(y[1])))
+
+    regexs = { }
+
+    # Build the master regular expressions
+    for state in stateinfo.keys():
+        regex_list = []
+
+        # Add rules defined by functions first
+        for fname, f in funcsym[state]:
+            line = f.func_code.co_firstlineno
+            file = f.func_code.co_filename
+            files[file] = None
+            tokname = toknames[fname]
+
+            ismethod = isinstance(f, types.MethodType)
+
+            if not optimize:
+                nargs = f.func_code.co_argcount
+                if ismethod:
+                    reqargs = 2
+                else:
+                    reqargs = 1
+                if nargs > reqargs:
+                    print "%s:%d: Rule '%s' has too many arguments." % (file,line,f.__name__)
+                    error = 1
+                    continue
+
+                if nargs < reqargs:
+                    print "%s:%d: Rule '%s' requires an argument." % (file,line,f.__name__)
+                    error = 1
+                    continue
+
+                if tokname == 'ignore':
+                    print "%s:%d: Rule '%s' must be defined as a string." % (file,line,f.__name__)
+                    error = 1
+                    continue
+        
+            if tokname == 'error':
+                errorf[state] = f
+                continue
+
+            if f.__doc__:
+                if not optimize:
+                    try:
+                        c = re.compile("(?P<%s>%s)" % (f.__name__,f.__doc__), re.VERBOSE | reflags)
+                        if c.match(""):
+                             print "%s:%d: Regular expression for rule '%s' matches empty string." % (file,line,f.__name__)
+                             error = 1
+                             continue
+                    except re.error,e:
+                        print "%s:%d: Invalid regular expression for rule '%s'. %s" % (file,line,f.__name__,e)
+                        if '#' in f.__doc__:
+                             print "%s:%d. Make sure '#' in rule '%s' is escaped with '\\#'." % (file,line, f.__name__)                 
+                        error = 1
+                        continue
+
+                    if debug:
+                        print "lex: Adding rule %s -> '%s' (state '%s')" % (f.__name__,f.__doc__, state)
+
+                # Okay. The regular expression seemed okay.  Let's append it to the master regular
+                # expression we're building
+  
+                regex_list.append("(?P<%s>%s)" % (f.__name__,f.__doc__))
+            else:
+                print "%s:%d: No regular expression defined for rule '%s'" % (file,line,f.__name__)
+
+        # Now add all of the simple rules
+        for name,r in strsym[state]:
+            tokname = toknames[name]       
+
+            if tokname == 'ignore':
+                 ignore[state] = r
+                 continue
+
+            if not optimize:
+                if tokname == 'error':
+                    raise SyntaxError,"lex: Rule '%s' must be defined as a function" % name
+                    error = 1
+                    continue
+        
+                if not lexobj.lextokens.has_key(tokname) and tokname.find("ignore_") < 0:
+                    print "lex: Rule '%s' defined for an unspecified token %s." % (name,tokname)
+                    error = 1
+                    continue
+                try:
+                    c = re.compile("(?P<%s>%s)" % (name,r),re.VERBOSE | reflags)
+                    if (c.match("")):
+                         print "lex: Regular expression for rule '%s' matches empty string." % name
+                         error = 1
+                         continue
+                except re.error,e:
+                    print "lex: Invalid regular expression for rule '%s'. %s" % (name,e)
+                    if '#' in r:
+                         print "lex: Make sure '#' in rule '%s' is escaped with '\\#'." % name
+
+                    error = 1
+                    continue
+                if debug:
+                    print "lex: Adding rule %s -> '%s' (state '%s')" % (name,r,state)
+                
+            regex_list.append("(?P<%s>%s)" % (name,r))
+
+        if not regex_list:
+             print "lex: No rules defined for state '%s'" % state
+             error = 1
+
+        regexs[state] = regex_list
+
+
+    if not optimize:
+        for f in files.keys(): 
+           if not _validate_file(f):
+                error = 1
+
+    if error:
+        raise SyntaxError,"lex: Unable to build lexer."
+
+    # From this point forward, we're reasonably confident that we can build the lexer.
+    # No more errors will be generated, but there might be some warning messages.
+
+    # Build the master regular expressions
+
+    for state in regexs.keys():
+        lexre, re_text = _form_master_re(regexs[state],reflags,ldict)
+        lexobj.lexstatere[state] = lexre
+        lexobj.lexstateretext[state] = re_text
+        if debug:
+            for i in range(len(re_text)):
+                 print "lex: state '%s'. regex[%d] = '%s'" % (state, i, re_text[i])
+
+    # For inclusive states, we need to add the INITIAL state
+    for state,type in stateinfo.items():
+        if state != "INITIAL" and type == 'inclusive':
+             lexobj.lexstatere[state].extend(lexobj.lexstatere['INITIAL'])
+             lexobj.lexstateretext[state].extend(lexobj.lexstateretext['INITIAL'])
+
+    lexobj.lexstateinfo = stateinfo
+    lexobj.lexre = lexobj.lexstatere["INITIAL"]
+    lexobj.lexretext = lexobj.lexstateretext["INITIAL"]
+
+    # Set up ignore variables
+    lexobj.lexstateignore = ignore
+    lexobj.lexignore = lexobj.lexstateignore.get("INITIAL","")
+
+    # Set up error functions
+    lexobj.lexstateerrorf = errorf
+    lexobj.lexerrorf = errorf.get("INITIAL",None)
+    if warn and not lexobj.lexerrorf:
+        print "lex: Warning. no t_error rule is defined."
+
+    # Check state information for ignore and error rules
+    for s,stype in stateinfo.items():
+        if stype == 'exclusive':
+              if warn and not errorf.has_key(s):
+                   print "lex: Warning. no error rule is defined for exclusive state '%s'" % s
+              if warn and not ignore.has_key(s) and lexobj.lexignore:
+                   print "lex: Warning. no ignore rule is defined for exclusive state '%s'" % s
+        elif stype == 'inclusive':
+              if not errorf.has_key(s):
+                   errorf[s] = errorf.get("INITIAL",None)
+              if not ignore.has_key(s):
+                   ignore[s] = ignore.get("INITIAL","")
+   
+
+    # Create global versions of the token() and input() functions
+    token = lexobj.token
+    input = lexobj.input
+    lexer = lexobj
+
+    # If in optimize mode, we write the lextab   
+    if lextab and optimize:
+        lexobj.writetab(lextab)
+
+    return lexobj
+
+# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# runmain()
+#
+# This runs the lexer as a main program
+# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+def runmain(lexer=None,data=None):
+    if not data:
+        try:
+            filename = sys.argv[1]
+            f = open(filename)
+            data = f.read()
+            f.close()
+        except IndexError:
+            print "Reading from standard input (type EOF to end):"
+            data = sys.stdin.read()
+
+    if lexer:
+        _input = lexer.input
+    else:
+        _input = input
+    _input(data)
+    if lexer:
+        _token = lexer.token
+    else:
+        _token = token
+        
+    while 1:
+        tok = _token()
+        if not tok: break
+        print "(%s,%r,%d,%d)" % (tok.type, tok.value, tok.lineno,tok.lexpos)
+        
+
+# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# @TOKEN(regex)
+#
+# This decorator function can be used to set the regex expression on a function
+# when its docstring might need to be set in an alternative way
+# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+def TOKEN(r):
+    def set_doc(f):
+        f.__doc__ = r
+        return f
+    return set_doc
+
+# Alternative spelling of the TOKEN decorator
+Token = TOKEN
+
diff --git a/chall/ply-2.2/build/lib.linux-x86_64-2.7/ply/yacc.py b/chall/ply-2.2/build/lib.linux-x86_64-2.7/ply/yacc.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..caf98af
--- /dev/null
+++ b/chall/ply-2.2/build/lib.linux-x86_64-2.7/ply/yacc.py
@@ -0,0 +1,2209 @@
+#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# ply: yacc.py
+#
+# Author(s): David M. Beazley (dave@dabeaz.com)
+#
+# Copyright (C) 2001-2006, David M. Beazley
+#
+# This library is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
+# modify it under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public
+# License as published by the Free Software Foundation; either
+# version 2.1 of the License, or (at your option) any later version.
+# 
+# This library is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+# but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+# MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU
+# Lesser General Public License for more details.
+# 
+# You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public
+# License along with this library; if not, write to the Free Software
+# Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place, Suite 330, Boston, MA  02111-1307  USA
+# 
+# See the file COPYING for a complete copy of the LGPL.
+#
+#
+# This implements an LR parser that is constructed from grammar rules defined
+# as Python functions. The grammer is specified by supplying the BNF inside
+# Python documentation strings.  The inspiration for this technique was borrowed
+# from John Aycock's Spark parsing system.  PLY might be viewed as cross between
+# Spark and the GNU bison utility.
+#
+# The current implementation is only somewhat object-oriented. The
+# LR parser itself is defined in terms of an object (which allows multiple
+# parsers to co-exist).  However, most of the variables used during table
+# construction are defined in terms of global variables.  Users shouldn't
+# notice unless they are trying to define multiple parsers at the same
+# time using threads (in which case they should have their head examined).
+#
+# This implementation supports both SLR and LALR(1) parsing.  LALR(1)
+# support was originally implemented by Elias Ioup (ezioup@alumni.uchicago.edu),
+# using the algorithm found in Aho, Sethi, and Ullman "Compilers: Principles,
+# Techniques, and Tools" (The Dragon Book).  LALR(1) has since been replaced
+# by the more efficient DeRemer and Pennello algorithm.
+#
+# :::::::: WARNING :::::::
+#
+# Construction of LR parsing tables is fairly complicated and expensive.
+# To make this module run fast, a *LOT* of work has been put into
+# optimization---often at the expensive of readability and what might
+# consider to be good Python "coding style."   Modify the code at your
+# own risk!
+# ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+__version__ = "2.2"
+
+#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+#                     === User configurable parameters ===
+#
+# Change these to modify the default behavior of yacc (if you wish)
+#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+yaccdebug   = 1                # Debugging mode.  If set, yacc generates a
+                               # a 'parser.out' file in the current directory
+
+debug_file  = 'parser.out'     # Default name of the debugging file
+tab_module  = 'parsetab'       # Default name of the table module
+default_lr  = 'LALR'           # Default LR table generation method
+
+error_count = 3                # Number of symbols that must be shifted to leave recovery mode
+
+import re, types, sys, cStringIO, md5, os.path
+
+# Exception raised for yacc-related errors
+class YaccError(Exception):   pass
+
+#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+#                        ===  LR Parsing Engine ===
+#
+# The following classes are used for the LR parser itself.  These are not
+# used during table construction and are independent of the actual LR
+# table generation algorithm
+#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+# This class is used to hold non-terminal grammar symbols during parsing.
+# It normally has the following attributes set:
+#        .type       = Grammar symbol type
+#        .value      = Symbol value
+#        .lineno     = Starting line number
+#        .endlineno  = Ending line number (optional, set automatically)
+#        .lexpos     = Starting lex position
+#        .endlexpos  = Ending lex position (optional, set automatically)
+
+class YaccSymbol:
+    def __str__(self):    return self.type
+    def __repr__(self):   return str(self)
+
+# This class is a wrapper around the objects actually passed to each
+# grammar rule.   Index lookup and assignment actually assign the
+# .value attribute of the underlying YaccSymbol object.
+# The lineno() method returns the line number of a given
+# item (or 0 if not defined).   The linespan() method returns
+# a tuple of (startline,endline) representing the range of lines
+# for a symbol.  The lexspan() method returns a tuple (lexpos,endlexpos)
+# representing the range of positional information for a symbol.
+
+class YaccProduction:
+    def __init__(self,s,stack=None):
+        self.slice = s
+        self.pbstack = []
+        self.stack = stack
+
+    def __getitem__(self,n):
+        if type(n) == types.IntType:
+             if n >= 0: return self.slice[n].value
+             else: return self.stack[n].value
+        else:
+             return [s.value for s in self.slice[n.start:n.stop:n.step]]
+
+    def __setitem__(self,n,v):
+        self.slice[n].value = v
+
+    def __len__(self):
+        return len(self.slice)
+    
+    def lineno(self,n):
+        return getattr(self.slice[n],"lineno",0)
+
+    def linespan(self,n):
+        startline = getattr(self.slice[n],"lineno",0)
+        endline = getattr(self.slice[n],"endlineno",startline)
+        return startline,endline
+
+    def lexpos(self,n):
+        return getattr(self.slice[n],"lexpos",0)
+
+    def lexspan(self,n):
+        startpos = getattr(self.slice[n],"lexpos",0)
+        endpos = getattr(self.slice[n],"endlexpos",startpos)
+        return startpos,endpos
+
+    def pushback(self,n):
+        if n <= 0:
+            raise ValueError, "Expected a positive value"
+        if n > (len(self.slice)-1):
+            raise ValueError, "Can't push %d tokens. Only %d are available." % (n,len(self.slice)-1)
+        for i in range(0,n):
+            self.pbstack.append(self.slice[-i-1])
+
+# The LR Parsing engine.   This is defined as a class so that multiple parsers
+# can exist in the same process.  A user never instantiates this directly.
+# Instead, the global yacc() function should be used to create a suitable Parser
+# object. 
+
+class Parser:
+    def __init__(self,magic=None):
+
+        # This is a hack to keep users from trying to instantiate a Parser
+        # object directly.
+
+        if magic != "xyzzy":
+            raise YaccError, "Can't instantiate Parser. Use yacc() instead."
+
+        # Reset internal state
+        self.productions = None          # List of productions
+        self.errorfunc   = None          # Error handling function
+        self.action      = { }           # LR Action table
+        self.goto        = { }           # LR goto table
+        self.require     = { }           # Attribute require table
+        self.method      = "Unknown LR"  # Table construction method used
+
+    def errok(self):
+        self.errorcount = 0
+
+    def restart(self):
+        del self.statestack[:]
+        del self.symstack[:]
+        sym = YaccSymbol()
+        sym.type = '$end'
+        self.symstack.append(sym)
+        self.statestack.append(0)
+        
+    def parse(self,input=None,lexer=None,debug=0):
+        lookahead = None                 # Current lookahead symbol
+        lookaheadstack = [ ]             # Stack of lookahead symbols
+        actions = self.action            # Local reference to action table
+        goto    = self.goto              # Local reference to goto table
+        prod    = self.productions       # Local reference to production list
+        pslice  = YaccProduction(None)   # Production object passed to grammar rules
+        pslice.parser = self             # Parser object
+        self.errorcount = 0              # Used during error recovery
+
+        # If no lexer was given, we will try to use the lex module
+        if not lexer:
+            import lex
+            lexer = lex.lexer
+
+        pslice.lexer = lexer
+        
+        # If input was supplied, pass to lexer
+        if input:
+            lexer.input(input)
+
+        # Tokenize function
+        get_token = lexer.token
+
+        statestack = [ ]                # Stack of parsing states
+        self.statestack = statestack
+        symstack   = [ ]                # Stack of grammar symbols
+        self.symstack = symstack
+
+        pslice.stack = symstack         # Put in the production
+        errtoken   = None               # Err token
+
+        # The start state is assumed to be (0,$end)
+        statestack.append(0)
+        sym = YaccSymbol()
+        sym.type = '$end'
+        symstack.append(sym)
+        
+        while 1:
+            # Get the next symbol on the input.  If a lookahead symbol
+            # is already set, we just use that. Otherwise, we'll pull
+            # the next token off of the lookaheadstack or from the lexer
+            if debug > 1:
+                print 'state', statestack[-1]
+            if not lookahead:
+                if not lookaheadstack:
+                    lookahead = get_token()     # Get the next token
+                else:
+                    lookahead = lookaheadstack.pop()
+                if not lookahead:
+                    lookahead = YaccSymbol()
+                    lookahead.type = '$end'
+            if debug:
+                errorlead = ("%s . %s" % (" ".join([xx.type for xx in symstack][1:]), str(lookahead))).lstrip()
+
+            # Check the action table
+            s = statestack[-1]
+            ltype = lookahead.type
+            t = actions.get((s,ltype),None)
+
+            if debug > 1:
+                print 'action', t
+            if t is not None:
+                if t > 0:
+                    # shift a symbol on the stack
+                    if ltype == '$end':
+                        # Error, end of input
+                        sys.stderr.write("yacc: Parse error. EOF\n")
+                        return
+                    statestack.append(t)
+                    if debug > 1:
+                        sys.stderr.write("%-60s shift state %s\n" % (errorlead, t))
+                    symstack.append(lookahead)
+                    lookahead = None
+
+                    # Decrease error count on successful shift
+                    if self.errorcount > 0:
+                        self.errorcount -= 1
+                        
+                    continue
+                
+                if t < 0:
+                    # reduce a symbol on the stack, emit a production
+                    p = prod[-t]
+                    pname = p.name
+                    plen  = p.len
+
+                    # Get production function
+                    sym = YaccSymbol()
+                    sym.type = pname       # Production name
+                    sym.value = None
+                    if debug > 1:
+                        sys.stderr.write("%-60s reduce %d\n" % (errorlead, -t))
+
+                    if plen:
+                        targ = symstack[-plen-1:]
+                        targ[0] = sym
+                        try:
+                            sym.lineno = targ[1].lineno
+                            sym.endlineno = getattr(targ[-1],"endlineno",targ[-1].lineno)
+                            sym.lexpos = targ[1].lexpos
+                            sym.endlexpos = getattr(targ[-1],"endlexpos",targ[-1].lexpos)
+                        except AttributeError:
+                            sym.lineno = 0
+                        del symstack[-plen:]
+                        del statestack[-plen:]
+                    else:
+                        sym.lineno = 0
+                        targ = [ sym ]
+                    pslice.slice = targ
+                    pslice.pbstack = []
+                    # Call the grammar rule with our special slice object
+                    p.func(pslice)
+
+                    # If there was a pushback, put that on the stack
+                    if pslice.pbstack:
+                        lookaheadstack.append(lookahead)
+                        for _t in pslice.pbstack:
+                            lookaheadstack.append(_t)
+                        lookahead = None
+
+                    symstack.append(sym)
+                    statestack.append(goto[statestack[-1],pname])
+                    continue
+
+                if t == 0:
+                    n = symstack[-1]
+                    return getattr(n,"value",None)
+                    sys.stderr.write(errorlead, "\n")
+
+            if t == None:
+                if debug:
+                    sys.stderr.write(errorlead + "\n")
+                # We have some kind of parsing error here.  To handle
+                # this, we are going to push the current token onto
+                # the tokenstack and replace it with an 'error' token.
+                # If there are any synchronization rules, they may
+                # catch it.
+                #
+                # In addition to pushing the error token, we call call
+                # the user defined p_error() function if this is the
+                # first syntax error.  This function is only called if
+                # errorcount == 0.
+                if not self.errorcount:
+                    self.errorcount = error_count
+                    errtoken = lookahead
+                    if errtoken.type == '$end':
+                        errtoken = None               # End of file!
+                    if self.errorfunc:
+                        global errok,token,restart
+                        errok = self.errok        # Set some special functions available in error recovery
+                        token = get_token
+                        restart = self.restart
+                        tok = self.errorfunc(errtoken)
+                        del errok, token, restart   # Delete special functions
+                        
+                        if not self.errorcount:
+                            # User must have done some kind of panic
+                            # mode recovery on their own.  The
+                            # returned token is the next lookahead
+                            lookahead = tok
+                            errtoken = None
+                            continue
+                    else:
+                        if errtoken:
+                            if hasattr(errtoken,"lineno"): lineno = lookahead.lineno
+                            else: lineno = 0
+                            if lineno:
+                                sys.stderr.write("yacc: Syntax error at line %d, token=%s\n" % (lineno, errtoken.type))
+                            else:
+                                sys.stderr.write("yacc: Syntax error, token=%s" % errtoken.type)
+                        else:
+                            sys.stderr.write("yacc: Parse error in input. EOF\n")
+                            return
+
+                else:
+                    self.errorcount = error_count
+                
+                # case 1:  the statestack only has 1 entry on it.  If we're in this state, the
+                # entire parse has been rolled back and we're completely hosed.   The token is
+                # discarded and we just keep going.
+
+                if len(statestack) <= 1 and lookahead.type != '$end':
+                    lookahead = None
+                    errtoken = None
+                    # Nuke the pushback stack
+                    del lookaheadstack[:]
+                    continue
+
+                # case 2: the statestack has a couple of entries on it, but we're
+                # at the end of the file. nuke the top entry and generate an error token
+
+                # Start nuking entries on the stack
+                if lookahead.type == '$end':
+                    # Whoa. We're really hosed here. Bail out
+                    return 
+
+                if lookahead.type != 'error':
+                    sym = symstack[-1]
+                    if sym.type == 'error':
+                        # Hmmm. Error is on top of stack, we'll just nuke input
+                        # symbol and continue
+                        lookahead = None
+                        continue
+                    t = YaccSymbol()
+                    t.type = 'error'
+                    if hasattr(lookahead,"lineno"):
+                        t.lineno = lookahead.lineno
+                    t.value = lookahead
+                    lookaheadstack.append(lookahead)
+                    lookahead = t
+                else:
+                    symstack.pop()
+                    statestack.pop()
+
+                continue
+
+            # Call an error function here
+            raise RuntimeError, "yacc: internal parser error!!!\n"
+
+# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+#                          === Parser Construction ===
+#
+# The following functions and variables are used to implement the yacc() function
+# itself.   This is pretty hairy stuff involving lots of error checking,
+# construction of LR items, kernels, and so forth.   Although a lot of
+# this work is done using global variables, the resulting Parser object
+# is completely self contained--meaning that it is safe to repeatedly
+# call yacc() with different grammars in the same application.
+# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+        
+# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# validate_file()
+#
+# This function checks to see if there are duplicated p_rulename() functions
+# in the parser module file.  Without this function, it is really easy for
+# users to make mistakes by cutting and pasting code fragments (and it's a real
+# bugger to try and figure out why the resulting parser doesn't work).  Therefore,
+# we just do a little regular expression pattern matching of def statements
+# to try and detect duplicates.
+# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+def validate_file(filename):
+    base,ext = os.path.splitext(filename)
+    if ext != '.py': return 1          # No idea. Assume it's okay.
+
+    try:
+        f = open(filename)
+        lines = f.readlines()
+        f.close()
+    except IOError:
+        return 1                       # Oh well
+
+    # Match def p_funcname(
+    fre = re.compile(r'\s*def\s+(p_[a-zA-Z_0-9]*)\(')
+    counthash = { }
+    linen = 1
+    noerror = 1
+    for l in lines:
+        m = fre.match(l)
+        if m:
+            name = m.group(1)
+            prev = counthash.get(name)
+            if not prev:
+                counthash[name] = linen
+            else:
+                sys.stderr.write("%s:%d: Function %s redefined. Previously defined on line %d\n" % (filename,linen,name,prev))
+                noerror = 0
+        linen += 1
+    return noerror
+
+# This function looks for functions that might be grammar rules, but which don't have the proper p_suffix.
+def validate_dict(d):
+    for n,v in d.items(): 
+        if n[0:2] == 'p_' and type(v) in (types.FunctionType, types.MethodType): continue
+        if n[0:2] == 't_': continue
+
+        if n[0:2] == 'p_':
+            sys.stderr.write("yacc: Warning. '%s' not defined as a function\n" % n)
+        if 1 and isinstance(v,types.FunctionType) and v.func_code.co_argcount == 1:
+            try:
+                doc = v.__doc__.split(" ")
+                if doc[1] == ':':
+                    sys.stderr.write("%s:%d: Warning. Possible grammar rule '%s' defined without p_ prefix.\n" % (v.func_code.co_filename, v.func_code.co_firstlineno,n))
+            except StandardError:
+                pass
+
+# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+#                           === GRAMMAR FUNCTIONS ===
+#
+# The following global variables and functions are used to store, manipulate,
+# and verify the grammar rules specified by the user.
+# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+# Initialize all of the global variables used during grammar construction
+def initialize_vars():
+    global Productions, Prodnames, Prodmap, Terminals 
+    global Nonterminals, First, Follow, Precedence, LRitems
+    global Errorfunc, Signature, Requires
+
+    Productions  = [None]  # A list of all of the productions.  The first
+                           # entry is always reserved for the purpose of
+                           # building an augmented grammar
+                        
+    Prodnames    = { }     # A dictionary mapping the names of nonterminals to a list of all
+                           # productions of that nonterminal.
+                        
+    Prodmap      = { }     # A dictionary that is only used to detect duplicate
+                           # productions.
+
+    Terminals    = { }     # A dictionary mapping the names of terminal symbols to a
+                           # list of the rules where they are used.
+
+    Nonterminals = { }     # A dictionary mapping names of nonterminals to a list
+                           # of rule numbers where they are used.
+
+    First        = { }     # A dictionary of precomputed FIRST(x) symbols
+    
+    Follow       = { }     # A dictionary of precomputed FOLLOW(x) symbols
+
+    Precedence   = { }     # Precedence rules for each terminal. Contains tuples of the
+                           # form ('right',level) or ('nonassoc', level) or ('left',level)
+
+    LRitems      = [ ]     # A list of all LR items for the grammar.  These are the
+                           # productions with the "dot" like E -> E . PLUS E
+
+    Errorfunc    = None    # User defined error handler
+
+    Signature    = md5.new()   # Digital signature of the grammar rules, precedence
+                               # and other information.  Used to determined when a
+                               # parsing table needs to be regenerated.
+
+    Requires     = { }     # Requires list
+
+    # File objects used when creating the parser.out debugging file
+    global _vf, _vfc
+    _vf           = cStringIO.StringIO()
+    _vfc          = cStringIO.StringIO()
+
+# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# class Production:
+#
+# This class stores the raw information about a single production or grammar rule.
+# It has a few required attributes:
+#
+#       name     - Name of the production (nonterminal)
+#       prod     - A list of symbols making up its production
+#       number   - Production number.
+#
+# In addition, a few additional attributes are used to help with debugging or
+# optimization of table generation.
+#
+#       file     - File where production action is defined.
+#       lineno   - Line number where action is defined
+#       func     - Action function
+#       prec     - Precedence level
+#       lr_next  - Next LR item. Example, if we are ' E -> E . PLUS E'
+#                  then lr_next refers to 'E -> E PLUS . E'   
+#       lr_index - LR item index (location of the ".") in the prod list.
+#       lookaheads - LALR lookahead symbols for this item
+#       len      - Length of the production (number of symbols on right hand side)
+# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+class Production:
+    def __init__(self,**kw):
+        for k,v in kw.items():
+            setattr(self,k,v)
+        self.lr_index = -1
+        self.lr0_added = 0    # Flag indicating whether or not added to LR0 closure
+        self.lr1_added = 0    # Flag indicating whether or not added to LR1
+        self.usyms = [ ]
+        self.lookaheads = { }
+        self.lk_added = { }
+        self.setnumbers = [ ]
+        
+    def __str__(self):
+        if self.prod:
+            s = "%s -> %s" % (self.name," ".join(self.prod))
+        else:
+            s = "%s -> <empty>" % self.name
+        return s
+
+    def __repr__(self):
+        return str(self)
+
+    # Compute lr_items from the production
+    def lr_item(self,n):
+        if n > len(self.prod): return None
+        p = Production()
+        p.name = self.name
+        p.prod = list(self.prod)
+        p.number = self.number
+        p.lr_index = n
+        p.lookaheads = { }
+        p.setnumbers = self.setnumbers
+        p.prod.insert(n,".")
+        p.prod = tuple(p.prod)
+        p.len = len(p.prod)
+        p.usyms = self.usyms
+
+        # Precompute list of productions immediately following
+        try:
+            p.lrafter = Prodnames[p.prod[n+1]]
+        except (IndexError,KeyError),e:
+            p.lrafter = []
+        try:
+            p.lrbefore = p.prod[n-1]
+        except IndexError:
+            p.lrbefore = None
+
+        return p
+
+class MiniProduction:
+    pass
+
+# regex matching identifiers
+_is_identifier = re.compile(r'^[a-zA-Z0-9_-]+$')
+
+# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# add_production()
+#
+# Given an action function, this function assembles a production rule.
+# The production rule is assumed to be found in the function's docstring.
+# This rule has the general syntax:
+#
+#              name1 ::= production1
+#                     |  production2
+#                     |  production3
+#                    ...
+#                     |  productionn
+#              name2 ::= production1
+#                     |  production2
+#                    ... 
+# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+def add_production(f,file,line,prodname,syms):
+    
+    if Terminals.has_key(prodname):
+        sys.stderr.write("%s:%d: Illegal rule name '%s'. Already defined as a token.\n" % (file,line,prodname))
+        return -1
+    if prodname == 'error':
+        sys.stderr.write("%s:%d: Illegal rule name '%s'. error is a reserved word.\n" % (file,line,prodname))
+        return -1
+                
+    if not _is_identifier.match(prodname):
+        sys.stderr.write("%s:%d: Illegal rule name '%s'\n" % (file,line,prodname))
+        return -1
+
+    for x in range(len(syms)):
+        s = syms[x]
+        if s[0] in "'\"":
+             try:
+                 c = eval(s)
+                 if (len(c) > 1):
+                      sys.stderr.write("%s:%d: Literal token %s in rule '%s' may only be a single character\n" % (file,line,s, prodname)) 
+                      return -1
+                 if not Terminals.has_key(c):
+                      Terminals[c] = []
+                 syms[x] = c
+                 continue
+             except SyntaxError:
+                 pass
+        if not _is_identifier.match(s) and s != '%prec':
+            sys.stderr.write("%s:%d: Illegal name '%s' in rule '%s'\n" % (file,line,s, prodname))
+            return -1
+
+    # See if the rule is already in the rulemap
+    map = "%s -> %s" % (prodname,syms)
+    if Prodmap.has_key(map):
+        m = Prodmap[map]
+        sys.stderr.write("%s:%d: Duplicate rule %s.\n" % (file,line, m))
+        sys.stderr.write("%s:%d: Previous definition at %s:%d\n" % (file,line, m.file, m.line))
+        return -1
+
+    p = Production()
+    p.name = prodname
+    p.prod = syms
+    p.file = file
+    p.line = line
+    p.func = f
+    p.number = len(Productions)
+
+            
+    Productions.append(p)
+    Prodmap[map] = p
+    if not Nonterminals.has_key(prodname):
+        Nonterminals[prodname] = [ ]
+    
+    # Add all terminals to Terminals
+    i = 0
+    while i < len(p.prod):
+        t = p.prod[i]
+        if t == '%prec':
+            try:
+                precname = p.prod[i+1]
+            except IndexError:
+                sys.stderr.write("%s:%d: Syntax error. Nothing follows %%prec.\n" % (p.file,p.line))
+                return -1
+
+            prec = Precedence.get(precname,None)
+            if not prec:
+                sys.stderr.write("%s:%d: Nothing known about the precedence of '%s'\n" % (p.file,p.line,precname))
+                return -1
+            else:
+                p.prec = prec
+            del p.prod[i]
+            del p.prod[i]
+            continue
+
+        if Terminals.has_key(t):
+            Terminals[t].append(p.number)
+            # Is a terminal.  We'll assign a precedence to p based on this
+            if not hasattr(p,"prec"):
+                p.prec = Precedence.get(t,('right',0))
+        else:
+            if not Nonterminals.has_key(t):
+                Nonterminals[t] = [ ]
+            Nonterminals[t].append(p.number)
+        i += 1
+
+    if not hasattr(p,"prec"):
+        p.prec = ('right',0)
+        
+    # Set final length of productions
+    p.len  = len(p.prod)
+    p.prod = tuple(p.prod)
+
+    # Calculate unique syms in the production
+    p.usyms = [ ]
+    for s in p.prod:
+        if s not in p.usyms:
+            p.usyms.append(s)
+    
+    # Add to the global productions list
+    try:
+        Prodnames[p.name].append(p)
+    except KeyError:
+        Prodnames[p.name] = [ p ]
+    return 0
+
+# Given a raw rule function, this function rips out its doc string
+# and adds rules to the grammar
+
+def add_function(f):
+    line = f.func_code.co_firstlineno
+    file = f.func_code.co_filename
+    error = 0
+
+    if isinstance(f,types.MethodType):
+        reqdargs = 2
+    else:
+        reqdargs = 1
+        
+    if f.func_code.co_argcount > reqdargs:
+        sys.stderr.write("%s:%d: Rule '%s' has too many arguments.\n" % (file,line,f.__name__))
+        return -1
+
+    if f.func_code.co_argcount < reqdargs:
+        sys.stderr.write("%s:%d: Rule '%s' requires an argument.\n" % (file,line,f.__name__))
+        return -1
+          
+    if f.__doc__:
+        # Split the doc string into lines
+        pstrings = f.__doc__.splitlines()
+        lastp = None
+        dline = line
+        for ps in pstrings:
+            dline += 1
+            p = ps.split()
+            if not p: continue
+            try:
+                if p[0] == '|':
+                    # This is a continuation of a previous rule
+                    if not lastp:
+                        sys.stderr.write("%s:%d: Misplaced '|'.\n" % (file,dline))
+                        return -1
+                    prodname = lastp
+                    if len(p) > 1:
+                        syms = p[1:]
+                    else:
+                        syms = [ ]
+                else:
+                    prodname = p[0]
+                    lastp = prodname
+                    assign = p[1]
+                    if len(p) > 2:
+                        syms = p[2:]
+                    else:
+                        syms = [ ]
+                    if assign != ':' and assign != '::=':
+                        sys.stderr.write("%s:%d: Syntax error. Expected ':'\n" % (file,dline))
+                        return -1
+                         
+ 
+                e = add_production(f,file,dline,prodname,syms)
+                error += e
+
+                
+            except StandardError:
+                sys.stderr.write("%s:%d: Syntax error in rule '%s'\n" % (file,dline,ps))
+                error -= 1
+    else:
+        sys.stderr.write("%s:%d: No documentation string specified in function '%s'\n" % (file,line,f.__name__))
+    return error
+
+
+# Cycle checking code (Michael Dyck)
+
+def compute_reachable():
+    '''
+    Find each symbol that can be reached from the start symbol.
+    Print a warning for any nonterminals that can't be reached.
+    (Unused terminals have already had their warning.)
+    '''
+    Reachable = { }
+    for s in Terminals.keys() + Nonterminals.keys():
+        Reachable[s] = 0
+
+    mark_reachable_from( Productions[0].prod[0], Reachable )
+
+    for s in Nonterminals.keys():
+        if not Reachable[s]:
+            sys.stderr.write("yacc: Symbol '%s' is unreachable.\n" % s)
+
+def mark_reachable_from(s, Reachable):
+    '''
+    Mark all symbols that are reachable from symbol s.
+    '''
+    if Reachable[s]:
+        # We've already reached symbol s.
+        return
+    Reachable[s] = 1
+    for p in Prodnames.get(s,[]):
+        for r in p.prod:
+            mark_reachable_from(r, Reachable)
+
+# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# compute_terminates()
+#
+# This function looks at the various parsing rules and tries to detect
+# infinite recursion cycles (grammar rules where there is no possible way
+# to derive a string of only terminals).
+# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+def compute_terminates():
+    '''
+    Raise an error for any symbols that don't terminate.
+    '''
+    Terminates = {}
+
+    # Terminals:
+    for t in Terminals.keys():
+        Terminates[t] = 1
+
+    Terminates['$end'] = 1
+
+    # Nonterminals:
+
+    # Initialize to false:
+    for n in Nonterminals.keys():
+        Terminates[n] = 0
+
+    # Then propagate termination until no change:
+    while 1:
+        some_change = 0
+        for (n,pl) in Prodnames.items():
+            # Nonterminal n terminates iff any of its productions terminates.
+            for p in pl:
+                # Production p terminates iff all of its rhs symbols terminate.
+                for s in p.prod:
+                    if not Terminates[s]:
+                        # The symbol s does not terminate,
+                        # so production p does not terminate.
+                        p_terminates = 0
+                        break
+                else:
+                    # didn't break from the loop,
+                    # so every symbol s terminates
+                    # so production p terminates.
+                    p_terminates = 1
+
+                if p_terminates:
+                    # symbol n terminates!
+                    if not Terminates[n]:
+                        Terminates[n] = 1
+                        some_change = 1
+                    # Don't need to consider any more productions for this n.
+                    break
+
+        if not some_change:
+            break
+
+    some_error = 0
+    for (s,terminates) in Terminates.items():
+        if not terminates:
+            if not Prodnames.has_key(s) and not Terminals.has_key(s) and s != 'error':
+                # s is used-but-not-defined, and we've already warned of that,
+                # so it would be overkill to say that it's also non-terminating.
+                pass
+            else:
+                sys.stderr.write("yacc: Infinite recursion detected for symbol '%s'.\n" % s)
+                some_error = 1
+
+    return some_error
+
+# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# verify_productions()
+#
+# This function examines all of the supplied rules to see if they seem valid.
+# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+def verify_productions(cycle_check=1):
+    error = 0
+    for p in Productions:
+        if not p: continue
+
+        for s in p.prod:
+            if not Prodnames.has_key(s) and not Terminals.has_key(s) and s != 'error':
+                sys.stderr.write("%s:%d: Symbol '%s' used, but not defined as a token or a rule.\n" % (p.file,p.line,s))
+                error = 1
+                continue
+
+    unused_tok = 0 
+    # Now verify all of the tokens
+    if yaccdebug:
+        _vf.write("Unused terminals:\n\n")
+    for s,v in Terminals.items():
+        if s != 'error' and not v:
+            sys.stderr.write("yacc: Warning. Token '%s' defined, but not used.\n" % s)
+            if yaccdebug: _vf.write("   %s\n"% s)
+            unused_tok += 1
+
+    # Print out all of the productions
+    if yaccdebug:
+        _vf.write("\nGrammar\n\n")
+        for i in range(1,len(Productions)):
+            _vf.write("Rule %-5d %s\n" % (i, Productions[i]))
+        
+    unused_prod = 0
+    # Verify the use of all productions
+    for s,v in Nonterminals.items():
+        if not v:
+            p = Prodnames[s][0]
+            sys.stderr.write("%s:%d: Warning. Rule '%s' defined, but not used.\n" % (p.file,p.line, s))
+            unused_prod += 1
+
+    
+    if unused_tok == 1:
+        sys.stderr.write("yacc: Warning. There is 1 unused token.\n")
+    if unused_tok > 1:
+        sys.stderr.write("yacc: Warning. There are %d unused tokens.\n" % unused_tok)
+
+    if unused_prod == 1:
+        sys.stderr.write("yacc: Warning. There is 1 unused rule.\n")
+    if unused_prod > 1:
+        sys.stderr.write("yacc: Warning. There are %d unused rules.\n" % unused_prod)
+
+    if yaccdebug:
+        _vf.write("\nTerminals, with rules where they appear\n\n")
+        ks = Terminals.keys()
+        ks.sort()
+        for k in ks:
+            _vf.write("%-20s : %s\n" % (k, " ".join([str(s) for s in Terminals[k]])))
+        _vf.write("\nNonterminals, with rules where they appear\n\n")
+        ks = Nonterminals.keys()
+        ks.sort()
+        for k in ks:
+            _vf.write("%-20s : %s\n" % (k, " ".join([str(s) for s in Nonterminals[k]])))
+
+    if (cycle_check):
+        compute_reachable()
+        error += compute_terminates()
+#        error += check_cycles()
+    return error
+
+# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# build_lritems()
+#
+# This function walks the list of productions and builds a complete set of the
+# LR items.  The LR items are stored in two ways:  First, they are uniquely
+# numbered and placed in the list _lritems.  Second, a linked list of LR items
+# is built for each production.  For example:
+#
+#   E -> E PLUS E
+#
+# Creates the list
+#
+#  [E -> . E PLUS E, E -> E . PLUS E, E -> E PLUS . E, E -> E PLUS E . ] 
+# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+def build_lritems():
+    for p in Productions:
+        lastlri = p
+        lri = p.lr_item(0)
+        i = 0
+        while 1:
+            lri = p.lr_item(i)
+            lastlri.lr_next = lri
+            if not lri: break
+            lri.lr_num = len(LRitems)
+            LRitems.append(lri)
+            lastlri = lri
+            i += 1
+
+    # In order for the rest of the parser generator to work, we need to
+    # guarantee that no more lritems are generated.  Therefore, we nuke
+    # the p.lr_item method.  (Only used in debugging)
+    # Production.lr_item = None
+
+# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# add_precedence()
+#
+# Given a list of precedence rules, add to the precedence table.
+# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+def add_precedence(plist):
+    plevel = 0
+    error = 0
+    for p in plist:
+        plevel += 1
+        try:
+            prec = p[0]
+            terms = p[1:]
+            if prec != 'left' and prec != 'right' and prec != 'nonassoc':
+                sys.stderr.write("yacc: Invalid precedence '%s'\n" % prec)
+                return -1
+            for t in terms:
+                if Precedence.has_key(t):
+                    sys.stderr.write("yacc: Precedence already specified for terminal '%s'\n" % t)
+                    error += 1
+                    continue
+                Precedence[t] = (prec,plevel)
+        except:
+            sys.stderr.write("yacc: Invalid precedence table.\n")
+            error += 1
+
+    return error
+
+# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# augment_grammar()
+#
+# Compute the augmented grammar.  This is just a rule S' -> start where start
+# is the starting symbol.
+# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+def augment_grammar(start=None):
+    if not start:
+        start = Productions[1].name
+    Productions[0] = Production(name="S'",prod=[start],number=0,len=1,prec=('right',0),func=None)
+    Productions[0].usyms = [ start ]
+    Nonterminals[start].append(0)
+
+
+# -------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# first()
+#
+# Compute the value of FIRST1(beta) where beta is a tuple of symbols.
+#
+# During execution of compute_first1, the result may be incomplete.
+# Afterward (e.g., when called from compute_follow()), it will be complete.
+# -------------------------------------------------------------------------
+def first(beta):
+
+    # We are computing First(x1,x2,x3,...,xn)
+    result = [ ]
+    for x in beta:
+        x_produces_empty = 0
+
+        # Add all the non-<empty> symbols of First[x] to the result.
+        for f in First[x]:
+            if f == '<empty>':
+                x_produces_empty = 1
+            else:
+                if f not in result: result.append(f)
+
+        if x_produces_empty:
+            # We have to consider the next x in beta,
+            # i.e. stay in the loop.
+            pass
+        else:
+            # We don't have to consider any further symbols in beta.
+            break
+    else:
+        # There was no 'break' from the loop,
+        # so x_produces_empty was true for all x in beta,
+        # so beta produces empty as well.
+        result.append('<empty>')
+
+    return result
+
+
+# FOLLOW(x)
+# Given a non-terminal.  This function computes the set of all symbols
+# that might follow it.  Dragon book, p. 189.
+
+def compute_follow(start=None):
+    # Add '$end' to the follow list of the start symbol
+    for k in Nonterminals.keys():
+        Follow[k] = [ ]
+
+    if not start:
+        start = Productions[1].name
+        
+    Follow[start] = [ '$end' ]
+        
+    while 1:
+        didadd = 0
+        for p in Productions[1:]:
+            # Here is the production set
+            for i in range(len(p.prod)):
+                B = p.prod[i]
+                if Nonterminals.has_key(B):
+                    # Okay. We got a non-terminal in a production
+                    fst = first(p.prod[i+1:])
+                    hasempty = 0
+                    for f in fst:
+                        if f != '<empty>' and f not in Follow[B]:
+                            Follow[B].append(f)
+                            didadd = 1
+                        if f == '<empty>':
+                            hasempty = 1
+                    if hasempty or i == (len(p.prod)-1):
+                        # Add elements of follow(a) to follow(b)
+                        for f in Follow[p.name]:
+                            if f not in Follow[B]:
+                                Follow[B].append(f)
+                                didadd = 1
+        if not didadd: break
+
+    if 0 and yaccdebug:
+        _vf.write('\nFollow:\n')
+        for k in Nonterminals.keys():
+            _vf.write("%-20s : %s\n" % (k, " ".join([str(s) for s in Follow[k]])))
+
+# -------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# compute_first1()
+#
+# Compute the value of FIRST1(X) for all symbols
+# -------------------------------------------------------------------------
+def compute_first1():
+
+    # Terminals:
+    for t in Terminals.keys():
+        First[t] = [t]
+
+    First['$end'] = ['$end']
+    First['#'] = ['#'] # what's this for?
+
+    # Nonterminals:
+
+    # Initialize to the empty set:
+    for n in Nonterminals.keys():
+        First[n] = []
+
+    # Then propagate symbols until no change:
+    while 1:
+        some_change = 0
+        for n in Nonterminals.keys():
+            for p in Prodnames[n]:
+                for f in first(p.prod):
+                    if f not in First[n]:
+                        First[n].append( f )
+                        some_change = 1
+        if not some_change:
+            break
+
+    if 0 and yaccdebug:
+        _vf.write('\nFirst:\n')
+        for k in Nonterminals.keys():
+            _vf.write("%-20s : %s\n" %
+                (k, " ".join([str(s) for s in First[k]])))
+
+# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+#                           === SLR Generation ===
+#
+# The following functions are used to construct SLR (Simple LR) parsing tables
+# as described on p.221-229 of the dragon book.
+# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+# Global variables for the LR parsing engine
+def lr_init_vars():
+    global _lr_action, _lr_goto, _lr_method
+    global _lr_goto_cache, _lr0_cidhash
+    
+    _lr_action       = { }        # Action table
+    _lr_goto         = { }        # Goto table
+    _lr_method       = "Unknown"  # LR method used
+    _lr_goto_cache   = { }
+    _lr0_cidhash     = { }
+
+
+# Compute the LR(0) closure operation on I, where I is a set of LR(0) items.
+# prodlist is a list of productions.
+
+_add_count = 0       # Counter used to detect cycles
+
+def lr0_closure(I):
+    global _add_count
+    
+    _add_count += 1
+    prodlist = Productions
+    
+    # Add everything in I to J        
+    J = I[:]
+    didadd = 1
+    while didadd:
+        didadd = 0
+        for j in J:
+            for x in j.lrafter:
+                if x.lr0_added == _add_count: continue
+                # Add B --> .G to J
+                J.append(x.lr_next)
+                x.lr0_added = _add_count
+                didadd = 1
+               
+    return J
+
+# Compute the LR(0) goto function goto(I,X) where I is a set
+# of LR(0) items and X is a grammar symbol.   This function is written
+# in a way that guarantees uniqueness of the generated goto sets
+# (i.e. the same goto set will never be returned as two different Python
+# objects).  With uniqueness, we can later do fast set comparisons using
+# id(obj) instead of element-wise comparison.
+
+def lr0_goto(I,x):
+    # First we look for a previously cached entry
+    g = _lr_goto_cache.get((id(I),x),None)
+    if g: return g
+
+    # Now we generate the goto set in a way that guarantees uniqueness
+    # of the result
+    
+    s = _lr_goto_cache.get(x,None)
+    if not s:
+        s = { }
+        _lr_goto_cache[x] = s
+
+    gs = [ ]
+    for p in I:
+        n = p.lr_next
+        if n and n.lrbefore == x:
+            s1 = s.get(id(n),None)
+            if not s1:
+                s1 = { }
+                s[id(n)] = s1
+            gs.append(n)
+            s = s1
+    g = s.get('$end',None)
+    if not g:
+        if gs:
+            g = lr0_closure(gs)
+            s['$end'] = g
+        else:
+            s['$end'] = gs
+    _lr_goto_cache[(id(I),x)] = g
+    return g
+
+_lr0_cidhash = { }
+
+# Compute the LR(0) sets of item function
+def lr0_items():
+    
+    C = [ lr0_closure([Productions[0].lr_next]) ]
+    i = 0
+    for I in C:
+        _lr0_cidhash[id(I)] = i
+        i += 1
+
+    # Loop over the items in C and each grammar symbols
+    i = 0
+    while i < len(C):
+        I = C[i]
+        i += 1
+
+        # Collect all of the symbols that could possibly be in the goto(I,X) sets
+        asyms = { }
+        for ii in I:
+            for s in ii.usyms:
+                asyms[s] = None
+
+        for x in asyms.keys():
+            g = lr0_goto(I,x)
+            if not g:  continue
+            if _lr0_cidhash.has_key(id(g)): continue
+            _lr0_cidhash[id(g)] = len(C)            
+            C.append(g)
+            
+    return C
+
+# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+#                       ==== LALR(1) Parsing ====
+#
+# LALR(1) parsing is almost exactly the same as SLR except that instead of
+# relying upon Follow() sets when performing reductions, a more selective
+# lookahead set that incorporates the state of the LR(0) machine is utilized.
+# Thus, we mainly just have to focus on calculating the lookahead sets.
+#
+# The method used here is due to DeRemer and Pennelo (1982).
+#
+# DeRemer, F. L., and T. J. Pennelo: "Efficient Computation of LALR(1)
+#     Lookahead Sets", ACM Transactions on Programming Languages and Systems,
+#     Vol. 4, No. 4, Oct. 1982, pp. 615-649
+#
+# Further details can also be found in:
+#
+#  J. Tremblay and P. Sorenson, "The Theory and Practice of Compiler Writing",
+#      McGraw-Hill Book Company, (1985).
+#
+# Note:  This implementation is a complete replacement of the LALR(1) 
+#        implementation in PLY-1.x releases.   That version was based on
+#        a less efficient algorithm and it had bugs in its implementation.
+# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# compute_nullable_nonterminals()
+#
+# Creates a dictionary containing all of the non-terminals that might produce
+# an empty production.   
+# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+def compute_nullable_nonterminals():
+    nullable = {}
+    num_nullable = 0
+    while 1:
+       for p in Productions[1:]:
+           if p.len == 0:
+                nullable[p.name] = 1
+                continue
+           for t in p.prod:
+                if not nullable.has_key(t): break
+           else:
+                nullable[p.name] = 1
+       if len(nullable) == num_nullable: break
+       num_nullable = len(nullable)
+    return nullable
+
+# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# find_nonterminal_trans(C)
+#
+# Given a set of LR(0) items, this functions finds all of the non-terminal
+# transitions.    These are transitions in which a dot appears immediately before
+# a non-terminal.   Returns a list of tuples of the form (state,N) where state
+# is the state number and N is the nonterminal symbol.
+#
+# The input C is the set of LR(0) items.
+# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+def find_nonterminal_transitions(C):
+     trans = []
+     for state in range(len(C)):
+         for p in C[state]:
+             if p.lr_index < p.len - 1:
+                  t = (state,p.prod[p.lr_index+1])
+                  if Nonterminals.has_key(t[1]):
+                        if t not in trans: trans.append(t)
+         state = state + 1
+     return trans
+
+# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# dr_relation()
+#
+# Computes the DR(p,A) relationships for non-terminal transitions.  The input
+# is a tuple (state,N) where state is a number and N is a nonterminal symbol.
+#
+# Returns a list of terminals.
+# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+def dr_relation(C,trans,nullable):
+    dr_set = { }
+    state,N = trans
+    terms = []
+
+    g = lr0_goto(C[state],N)
+    for p in g:
+       if p.lr_index < p.len - 1:
+           a = p.prod[p.lr_index+1]
+           if Terminals.has_key(a):
+               if a not in terms: terms.append(a)
+
+    # This extra bit is to handle the start state
+    if state == 0 and N == Productions[0].prod[0]:
+       terms.append('$end')
+ 
+    return terms
+
+# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# reads_relation()
+#
+# Computes the READS() relation (p,A) READS (t,C).
+# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+def reads_relation(C, trans, empty):
+    # Look for empty transitions
+    rel = []
+    state, N = trans
+
+    g = lr0_goto(C[state],N)
+    j = _lr0_cidhash.get(id(g),-1)
+    for p in g:
+        if p.lr_index < p.len - 1:
+             a = p.prod[p.lr_index + 1]
+             if empty.has_key(a):
+                  rel.append((j,a))
+
+    return rel
+
+# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# compute_lookback_includes()
+#
+# Determines the lookback and includes relations
+#
+# LOOKBACK:
+# 
+# This relation is determined by running the LR(0) state machine forward.
+# For example, starting with a production "N : . A B C", we run it forward
+# to obtain "N : A B C ."   We then build a relationship between this final
+# state and the starting state.   These relationships are stored in a dictionary
+# lookdict.   
+#
+# INCLUDES:
+#
+# Computes the INCLUDE() relation (p,A) INCLUDES (p',B).   
+#
+# This relation is used to determine non-terminal transitions that occur
+# inside of other non-terminal transition states.   (p,A) INCLUDES (p', B)
+# if the following holds:
+#
+#       B -> LAT, where T -> epsilon and p' -L-> p 
+#
+# L is essentially a prefix (which may be empty), T is a suffix that must be
+# able to derive an empty string.  State p' must lead to state p with the string L.
+# 
+# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+def compute_lookback_includes(C,trans,nullable):
+    
+    lookdict = {}          # Dictionary of lookback relations
+    includedict = {}       # Dictionary of include relations
+
+    # Make a dictionary of non-terminal transitions
+    dtrans = {}
+    for t in trans:
+        dtrans[t] = 1
+    
+    # Loop over all transitions and compute lookbacks and includes
+    for state,N in trans:
+        lookb = []
+        includes = []
+        for p in C[state]:
+            if p.name != N: continue
+        
+            # Okay, we have a name match.  We now follow the production all the way
+            # through the state machine until we get the . on the right hand side
+
+            lr_index = p.lr_index
+            j = state
+            while lr_index < p.len - 1:
+                 lr_index = lr_index + 1
+                 t = p.prod[lr_index]
+
+                 # Check to see if this symbol and state are a non-terminal transition
+                 if dtrans.has_key((j,t)):
+                       # Yes.  Okay, there is some chance that this is an includes relation
+                       # the only way to know for certain is whether the rest of the 
+                       # production derives empty
+
+                       li = lr_index + 1
+                       while li < p.len:
+                            if Terminals.has_key(p.prod[li]): break      # No forget it
+                            if not nullable.has_key(p.prod[li]): break
+                            li = li + 1
+                       else:
+                            # Appears to be a relation between (j,t) and (state,N)
+                            includes.append((j,t))
+
+                 g = lr0_goto(C[j],t)               # Go to next set             
+                 j = _lr0_cidhash.get(id(g),-1)     # Go to next state
+             
+            # When we get here, j is the final state, now we have to locate the production
+            for r in C[j]:
+                 if r.name != p.name: continue
+                 if r.len != p.len:   continue
+                 i = 0
+                 # This look is comparing a production ". A B C" with "A B C ."
+                 while i < r.lr_index:
+                      if r.prod[i] != p.prod[i+1]: break
+                      i = i + 1
+                 else:
+                      lookb.append((j,r))
+        for i in includes:
+             if not includedict.has_key(i): includedict[i] = []
+             includedict[i].append((state,N))
+        lookdict[(state,N)] = lookb
+
+    return lookdict,includedict
+
+# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# digraph()
+# traverse()
+#
+# The following two functions are used to compute set valued functions
+# of the form:
+#
+#     F(x) = F'(x) U U{F(y) | x R y}
+#
+# This is used to compute the values of Read() sets as well as FOLLOW sets
+# in LALR(1) generation.
+#
+# Inputs:  X    - An input set
+#          R    - A relation
+#          FP   - Set-valued function
+# ------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+def digraph(X,R,FP):
+    N = { }
+    for x in X:
+       N[x] = 0
+    stack = []
+    F = { }
+    for x in X:
+        if N[x] == 0: traverse(x,N,stack,F,X,R,FP)
+    return F
+
+def traverse(x,N,stack,F,X,R,FP):
+    stack.append(x)
+    d = len(stack)
+    N[x] = d
+    F[x] = FP(x)             # F(X) <- F'(x)
+    
+    rel = R(x)               # Get y's related to x
+    for y in rel:
+        if N[y] == 0:
+             traverse(y,N,stack,F,X,R,FP)
+        N[x] = min(N[x],N[y])
+        for a in F.get(y,[]):
+            if a not in F[x]: F[x].append(a)
+    if N[x] == d:
+       N[stack[-1]] = sys.maxint
+       F[stack[-1]] = F[x]
+       element = stack.pop()
+       while element != x:
+           N[stack[-1]] = sys.maxint
+           F[stack[-1]] = F[x]
+           element = stack.pop()
+
+# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# compute_read_sets()
+#
+# Given a set of LR(0) items, this function computes the read sets.
+#
+# Inputs:  C        =  Set of LR(0) items
+#          ntrans   = Set of nonterminal transitions
+#          nullable = Set of empty transitions
+#
+# Returns a set containing the read sets
+# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+def compute_read_sets(C, ntrans, nullable):
+    FP = lambda x: dr_relation(C,x,nullable)
+    R =  lambda x: reads_relation(C,x,nullable)
+    F = digraph(ntrans,R,FP)
+    return F
+
+# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# compute_follow_sets()
+#
+# Given a set of LR(0) items, a set of non-terminal transitions, a readset, 
+# and an include set, this function computes the follow sets
+#
+# Follow(p,A) = Read(p,A) U U {Follow(p',B) | (p,A) INCLUDES (p',B)}
+#
+# Inputs:    
+#            ntrans     = Set of nonterminal transitions
+#            readsets   = Readset (previously computed)
+#            inclsets   = Include sets (previously computed)
+#
+# Returns a set containing the follow sets      
+# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+def compute_follow_sets(ntrans,readsets,inclsets):
+     FP = lambda x: readsets[x]
+     R  = lambda x: inclsets.get(x,[])
+     F = digraph(ntrans,R,FP)
+     return F
+
+# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# add_lookaheads()
+#
+# Attaches the lookahead symbols to grammar rules. 
+#
+# Inputs:    lookbacks         -  Set of lookback relations
+#            followset         -  Computed follow set
+#
+# This function directly attaches the lookaheads to productions contained
+# in the lookbacks set
+# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+def add_lookaheads(lookbacks,followset):
+    for trans,lb in lookbacks.items():
+        # Loop over productions in lookback
+        for state,p in lb:
+             if not p.lookaheads.has_key(state):
+                  p.lookaheads[state] = []
+             f = followset.get(trans,[])
+             for a in f:
+                  if a not in p.lookaheads[state]: p.lookaheads[state].append(a)
+
+# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# add_lalr_lookaheads()
+#
+# This function does all of the work of adding lookahead information for use
+# with LALR parsing
+# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+def add_lalr_lookaheads(C):
+    # Determine all of the nullable nonterminals
+    nullable = compute_nullable_nonterminals()
+
+    # Find all non-terminal transitions
+    trans = find_nonterminal_transitions(C)
+
+    # Compute read sets
+    readsets = compute_read_sets(C,trans,nullable)
+
+    # Compute lookback/includes relations
+    lookd, included = compute_lookback_includes(C,trans,nullable)
+
+    # Compute LALR FOLLOW sets
+    followsets = compute_follow_sets(trans,readsets,included)
+    
+    # Add all of the lookaheads
+    add_lookaheads(lookd,followsets)
+
+# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# lr_parse_table()
+#
+# This function constructs the parse tables for SLR or LALR
+# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+def lr_parse_table(method):
+    global _lr_method
+    goto = _lr_goto           # Goto array
+    action = _lr_action       # Action array
+    actionp = { }             # Action production array (temporary)
+
+    _lr_method = method
+    
+    n_srconflict = 0
+    n_rrconflict = 0
+
+    if yaccdebug:
+        sys.stderr.write("yacc: Generating %s parsing table...\n" % method)        
+        _vf.write("\n\nParsing method: %s\n\n" % method)
+        
+    # Step 1: Construct C = { I0, I1, ... IN}, collection of LR(0) items
+    # This determines the number of states
+    
+    C = lr0_items()
+
+    if method == 'LALR':
+        add_lalr_lookaheads(C)
+
+    # Build the parser table, state by state
+    st = 0
+    for I in C:
+        # Loop over each production in I
+        actlist = [ ]              # List of actions
+        
+        if yaccdebug:
+            _vf.write("\nstate %d\n\n" % st)
+            for p in I:
+                _vf.write("    (%d) %s\n" % (p.number, str(p)))
+            _vf.write("\n")
+
+        for p in I:
+            try:
+                if p.prod[-1] == ".":
+                    if p.name == "S'":
+                        # Start symbol. Accept!
+                        action[st,"$end"] = 0
+                        actionp[st,"$end"] = p
+                    else:
+                        # We are at the end of a production.  Reduce!
+                        if method == 'LALR':
+                            laheads = p.lookaheads[st]
+                        else:
+                            laheads = Follow[p.name]
+                        for a in laheads:
+                            actlist.append((a,p,"reduce using rule %d (%s)" % (p.number,p)))
+                            r = action.get((st,a),None)
+                            if r is not None:
+                                # Whoa. Have a shift/reduce or reduce/reduce conflict
+                                if r > 0:
+                                    # Need to decide on shift or reduce here
+                                    # By default we favor shifting. Need to add
+                                    # some precedence rules here.
+                                    sprec,slevel = Productions[actionp[st,a].number].prec                                    
+                                    rprec,rlevel = Precedence.get(a,('right',0))
+                                    if (slevel < rlevel) or ((slevel == rlevel) and (rprec == 'left')):
+                                        # We really need to reduce here.  
+                                        action[st,a] = -p.number
+                                        actionp[st,a] = p
+                                        if not slevel and not rlevel:
+                                            _vfc.write("shift/reduce conflict in state %d resolved as reduce.\n" % st)
+                                            _vf.write("  ! shift/reduce conflict for %s resolved as reduce.\n" % a)
+                                            n_srconflict += 1
+                                    elif (slevel == rlevel) and (rprec == 'nonassoc'):
+                                        action[st,a] = None
+                                    else:
+                                        # Hmmm. Guess we'll keep the shift
+                                        if not rlevel:
+                                            _vfc.write("shift/reduce conflict in state %d resolved as shift.\n" % st)
+                                            _vf.write("  ! shift/reduce conflict for %s resolved as shift.\n" % a)
+                                            n_srconflict +=1                                    
+                                elif r < 0:
+                                    # Reduce/reduce conflict.   In this case, we favor the rule
+                                    # that was defined first in the grammar file
+                                    oldp = Productions[-r]
+                                    pp = Productions[p.number]
+                                    if oldp.line > pp.line:
+                                        action[st,a] = -p.number
+                                        actionp[st,a] = p
+                                    # sys.stderr.write("Reduce/reduce conflict in state %d\n" % st)
+                                    n_rrconflict += 1
+                                    _vfc.write("reduce/reduce conflict in state %d resolved using rule %d (%s).\n" % (st, actionp[st,a].number, actionp[st,a]))
+                                    _vf.write("  ! reduce/reduce conflict for %s resolved using rule %d (%s).\n" % (a,actionp[st,a].number, actionp[st,a]))
+                                else:
+                                    sys.stderr.write("Unknown conflict in state %d\n" % st)
+                            else:
+                                action[st,a] = -p.number
+                                actionp[st,a] = p
+                else:
+                    i = p.lr_index
+                    a = p.prod[i+1]       # Get symbol right after the "."
+                    if Terminals.has_key(a):
+                        g = lr0_goto(I,a)
+                        j = _lr0_cidhash.get(id(g),-1)
+                        if j >= 0:
+                            # We are in a shift state
+                            actlist.append((a,p,"shift and go to state %d" % j))
+                            r = action.get((st,a),None)
+                            if r is not None:
+                                # Whoa have a shift/reduce or shift/shift conflict
+                                if r > 0:
+                                    if r != j:
+                                        sys.stderr.write("Shift/shift conflict in state %d\n" % st)
+                                elif r < 0:
+                                    # Do a precedence check.
+                                    #   -  if precedence of reduce rule is higher, we reduce.
+                                    #   -  if precedence of reduce is same and left assoc, we reduce.
+                                    #   -  otherwise we shift
+                                    rprec,rlevel = Productions[actionp[st,a].number].prec
+                                    sprec,slevel = Precedence.get(a,('right',0))
+                                    if (slevel > rlevel) or ((slevel == rlevel) and (rprec != 'left')):
+                                        # We decide to shift here... highest precedence to shift
+                                        action[st,a] = j
+                                        actionp[st,a] = p
+                                        if not rlevel:
+                                            n_srconflict += 1
+                                            _vfc.write("shift/reduce conflict in state %d resolved as shift.\n" % st)
+                                            _vf.write("  ! shift/reduce conflict for %s resolved as shift.\n" % a)
+                                    elif (slevel == rlevel) and (rprec == 'nonassoc'):
+                                        action[st,a] = None
+                                    else:                                            
+                                        # Hmmm. Guess we'll keep the reduce
+                                        if not slevel and not rlevel:
+                                            n_srconflict +=1
+                                            _vfc.write("shift/reduce conflict in state %d resolved as reduce.\n" % st)
+                                            _vf.write("  ! shift/reduce conflict for %s resolved as reduce.\n" % a)
+                                            
+                                else:
+                                    sys.stderr.write("Unknown conflict in state %d\n" % st)
+                            else:
+                                action[st,a] = j
+                                actionp[st,a] = p
+                                
+            except StandardError,e:
+                raise YaccError, "Hosed in lr_parse_table", e
+
+        # Print the actions associated with each terminal
+        if yaccdebug:
+          _actprint = { }
+          for a,p,m in actlist:
+            if action.has_key((st,a)):
+                if p is actionp[st,a]:
+                    _vf.write("    %-15s %s\n" % (a,m))
+                    _actprint[(a,m)] = 1
+          _vf.write("\n")
+          for a,p,m in actlist:
+            if action.has_key((st,a)):
+                if p is not actionp[st,a]:
+                    if not _actprint.has_key((a,m)):
+                        _vf.write("  ! %-15s [ %s ]\n" % (a,m))
+                        _actprint[(a,m)] = 1
+            
+        # Construct the goto table for this state
+        if yaccdebug:
+            _vf.write("\n")
+        nkeys = { }
+        for ii in I:
+            for s in ii.usyms:
+                if Nonterminals.has_key(s):
+                    nkeys[s] = None
+        for n in nkeys.keys():
+            g = lr0_goto(I,n)
+            j = _lr0_cidhash.get(id(g),-1)            
+            if j >= 0:
+                goto[st,n] = j
+                if yaccdebug:
+                    _vf.write("    %-30s shift and go to state %d\n" % (n,j))
+
+        st += 1
+
+    if yaccdebug:
+        if n_srconflict == 1:
+            sys.stderr.write("yacc: %d shift/reduce conflict\n" % n_srconflict)
+        if n_srconflict > 1:
+            sys.stderr.write("yacc: %d shift/reduce conflicts\n" % n_srconflict)
+        if n_rrconflict == 1:
+            sys.stderr.write("yacc: %d reduce/reduce conflict\n" % n_rrconflict)
+        if n_rrconflict > 1:
+            sys.stderr.write("yacc: %d reduce/reduce conflicts\n" % n_rrconflict)
+
+# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+#                          ==== LR Utility functions ====
+# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# _lr_write_tables()
+#
+# This function writes the LR parsing tables to a file
+# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+def lr_write_tables(modulename=tab_module,outputdir=''):
+    filename = os.path.join(outputdir,modulename) + ".py"
+    try:
+        f = open(filename,"w")
+
+        f.write("""
+# %s
+# This file is automatically generated. Do not edit.
+
+_lr_method = %s
+
+_lr_signature = %s
+""" % (filename, repr(_lr_method), repr(Signature.digest())))
+
+        # Change smaller to 0 to go back to original tables
+        smaller = 1
+                
+        # Factor out names to try and make smaller
+        if smaller:
+            items = { }
+        
+            for k,v in _lr_action.items():
+                i = items.get(k[1])
+                if not i:
+                    i = ([],[])
+                    items[k[1]] = i
+                i[0].append(k[0])
+                i[1].append(v)
+
+            f.write("\n_lr_action_items = {")
+            for k,v in items.items():
+                f.write("%r:([" % k)
+                for i in v[0]:
+                    f.write("%r," % i)
+                f.write("],[")
+                for i in v[1]:
+                    f.write("%r," % i)
+                           
+                f.write("]),")
+            f.write("}\n")
+
+            f.write("""
+_lr_action = { }
+for _k, _v in _lr_action_items.items():
+   for _x,_y in zip(_v[0],_v[1]):
+       _lr_action[(_x,_k)] = _y
+del _lr_action_items
+""")
+            
+        else:
+            f.write("\n_lr_action = { ");
+            for k,v in _lr_action.items():
+                f.write("(%r,%r):%r," % (k[0],k[1],v))
+            f.write("}\n");
+
+        if smaller:
+            # Factor out names to try and make smaller
+            items = { }
+        
+            for k,v in _lr_goto.items():
+                i = items.get(k[1])
+                if not i:
+                    i = ([],[])
+                    items[k[1]] = i
+                i[0].append(k[0])
+                i[1].append(v)
+
+            f.write("\n_lr_goto_items = {")
+            for k,v in items.items():
+                f.write("%r:([" % k)
+                for i in v[0]:
+                    f.write("%r," % i)
+                f.write("],[")
+                for i in v[1]:
+                    f.write("%r," % i)
+                           
+                f.write("]),")
+            f.write("}\n")
+
+            f.write("""
+_lr_goto = { }
+for _k, _v in _lr_goto_items.items():
+   for _x,_y in zip(_v[0],_v[1]):
+       _lr_goto[(_x,_k)] = _y
+del _lr_goto_items
+""")
+        else:
+            f.write("\n_lr_goto = { ");
+            for k,v in _lr_goto.items():
+                f.write("(%r,%r):%r," % (k[0],k[1],v))                    
+            f.write("}\n");
+
+        # Write production table
+        f.write("_lr_productions = [\n")
+        for p in Productions:
+            if p:
+                if (p.func):
+                    f.write("  (%r,%d,%r,%r,%d),\n" % (p.name, p.len, p.func.__name__,p.file,p.line))
+                else:
+                    f.write("  (%r,%d,None,None,None),\n" % (p.name, p.len))
+            else:
+                f.write("  None,\n")
+        f.write("]\n")
+        
+        f.close()
+
+    except IOError,e:
+        print "Unable to create '%s'" % filename
+        print e
+        return
+
+def lr_read_tables(module=tab_module,optimize=0):
+    global _lr_action, _lr_goto, _lr_productions, _lr_method
+    try:
+        exec "import %s as parsetab" % module
+        
+        if (optimize) or (Signature.digest() == parsetab._lr_signature):
+            _lr_action = parsetab._lr_action
+            _lr_goto   = parsetab._lr_goto
+            _lr_productions = parsetab._lr_productions
+            _lr_method = parsetab._lr_method
+            return 1
+        else:
+            return 0
+        
+    except (ImportError,AttributeError):
+        return 0
+
+
+# Available instance types.  This is used when parsers are defined by a class.
+# it's a little funky because I want to preserve backwards compatibility
+# with Python 2.0 where types.ObjectType is undefined.
+
+try:
+   _INSTANCETYPE = (types.InstanceType, types.ObjectType)
+except AttributeError:
+   _INSTANCETYPE = types.InstanceType
+
+# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# yacc(module)
+#
+# Build the parser module
+# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+def yacc(method=default_lr, debug=yaccdebug, module=None, tabmodule=tab_module, start=None, check_recursion=1, optimize=0,write_tables=1,debugfile=debug_file,outputdir=''):
+    global yaccdebug
+    yaccdebug = debug
+    
+    initialize_vars()
+    files = { }
+    error = 0
+
+
+    # Add parsing method to signature
+    Signature.update(method)
+    
+    # If a "module" parameter was supplied, extract its dictionary.
+    # Note: a module may in fact be an instance as well.
+    
+    if module:
+        # User supplied a module object.
+        if isinstance(module, types.ModuleType):
+            ldict = module.__dict__
+        elif isinstance(module, _INSTANCETYPE):
+            _items = [(k,getattr(module,k)) for k in dir(module)]
+            ldict = { }
+            for i in _items:
+                ldict[i[0]] = i[1]
+        else:
+            raise ValueError,"Expected a module"
+        
+    else:
+        # No module given.  We might be able to get information from the caller.
+        # Throw an exception and unwind the traceback to get the globals
+        
+        try:
+            raise RuntimeError
+        except RuntimeError:
+            e,b,t = sys.exc_info()
+            f = t.tb_frame
+            f = f.f_back           # Walk out to our calling function
+            ldict = f.f_globals    # Grab its globals dictionary
+
+    # Add starting symbol to signature
+    if not start:
+        start = ldict.get("start",None)
+    if start:
+        Signature.update(start)
+
+    # If running in optimized mode.  We're going to
+
+    if (optimize and lr_read_tables(tabmodule,1)):
+        # Read parse table
+        del Productions[:]
+        for p in _lr_productions:
+            if not p:
+                Productions.append(None)
+            else:
+                m = MiniProduction()
+                m.name = p[0]
+                m.len  = p[1]
+                m.file = p[3]
+                m.line = p[4]
+                if p[2]:
+                    m.func = ldict[p[2]]
+                Productions.append(m)
+        
+    else:
+        # Get the tokens map
+        if (module and isinstance(module,_INSTANCETYPE)):
+            tokens = getattr(module,"tokens",None)
+        else:
+            tokens = ldict.get("tokens",None)
+    
+        if not tokens:
+            raise YaccError,"module does not define a list 'tokens'"
+        if not (isinstance(tokens,types.ListType) or isinstance(tokens,types.TupleType)):
+            raise YaccError,"tokens must be a list or tuple."
+
+        # Check to see if a requires dictionary is defined.
+        requires = ldict.get("require",None)
+        if requires:
+            if not (isinstance(requires,types.DictType)):
+                raise YaccError,"require must be a dictionary."
+
+            for r,v in requires.items():
+                try:
+                    if not (isinstance(v,types.ListType)):
+                        raise TypeError
+                    v1 = [x.split(".") for x in v]
+                    Requires[r] = v1
+                except StandardError:
+                    print "Invalid specification for rule '%s' in require. Expected a list of strings" % r            
+
+        
+        # Build the dictionary of terminals.  We a record a 0 in the
+        # dictionary to track whether or not a terminal is actually
+        # used in the grammar
+
+        if 'error' in tokens:
+            print "yacc: Illegal token 'error'.  Is a reserved word."
+            raise YaccError,"Illegal token name"
+
+        for n in tokens:
+            if Terminals.has_key(n):
+                print "yacc: Warning. Token '%s' multiply defined." % n
+            Terminals[n] = [ ]
+
+        Terminals['error'] = [ ]
+
+        # Get the precedence map (if any)
+        prec = ldict.get("precedence",None)
+        if prec:
+            if not (isinstance(prec,types.ListType) or isinstance(prec,types.TupleType)):
+                raise YaccError,"precedence must be a list or tuple."
+            add_precedence(prec)
+            Signature.update(repr(prec))
+
+        for n in tokens:
+            if not Precedence.has_key(n):
+                Precedence[n] = ('right',0)         # Default, right associative, 0 precedence
+
+        # Look for error handler
+        ef = ldict.get('p_error',None)
+        if ef:
+            if isinstance(ef,types.FunctionType):
+                ismethod = 0
+            elif isinstance(ef, types.MethodType):
+                ismethod = 1
+            else:
+                raise YaccError,"'p_error' defined, but is not a function or method."                
+            eline = ef.func_code.co_firstlineno
+            efile = ef.func_code.co_filename
+            files[efile] = None
+
+            if (ef.func_code.co_argcount != 1+ismethod):
+                raise YaccError,"%s:%d: p_error() requires 1 argument." % (efile,eline)
+            global Errorfunc
+            Errorfunc = ef
+        else:
+            print "yacc: Warning. no p_error() function is defined."
+            
+        # Get the list of built-in functions with p_ prefix
+        symbols = [ldict[f] for f in ldict.keys()
+               if (type(ldict[f]) in (types.FunctionType, types.MethodType) and ldict[f].__name__[:2] == 'p_'
+                   and ldict[f].__name__ != 'p_error')]
+
+        # Check for non-empty symbols
+        if len(symbols) == 0:
+            raise YaccError,"no rules of the form p_rulename are defined."
+    
+        # Sort the symbols by line number
+        symbols.sort(lambda x,y: cmp(x.func_code.co_firstlineno,y.func_code.co_firstlineno))
+
+        # Add all of the symbols to the grammar
+        for f in symbols:
+            if (add_function(f)) < 0:
+                error += 1
+            else:
+                files[f.func_code.co_filename] = None
+
+        # Make a signature of the docstrings
+        for f in symbols:
+            if f.__doc__:
+                Signature.update(f.__doc__)
+    
+        lr_init_vars()
+
+        if error:
+            raise YaccError,"Unable to construct parser."
+
+        if not lr_read_tables(tabmodule):
+
+            # Validate files
+            for filename in files.keys():
+                if not validate_file(filename):
+                    error = 1
+
+            # Validate dictionary
+            validate_dict(ldict)
+
+            if start and not Prodnames.has_key(start):
+                raise YaccError,"Bad starting symbol '%s'" % start
+        
+            augment_grammar(start)    
+            error = verify_productions(cycle_check=check_recursion)
+            otherfunc = [ldict[f] for f in ldict.keys()
+               if (type(f) in (types.FunctionType,types.MethodType) and ldict[f].__name__[:2] != 'p_')]
+
+            if error:
+                raise YaccError,"Unable to construct parser."
+            
+            build_lritems()
+            compute_first1()
+            compute_follow(start)
+        
+            if method in ['SLR','LALR']:
+                lr_parse_table(method)
+            else:
+                raise YaccError, "Unknown parsing method '%s'" % method
+
+            if write_tables:
+                lr_write_tables(tabmodule,outputdir)        
+    
+            if yaccdebug:
+                try:
+                    f = open(os.path.join(outputdir,debugfile),"w")
+                    f.write(_vfc.getvalue())
+                    f.write("\n\n")
+                    f.write(_vf.getvalue())
+                    f.close()
+                except IOError,e:
+                    print "yacc: can't create '%s'" % debugfile,e
+        
+    # Made it here.   Create a parser object and set up its internal state.
+    # Set global parse() method to bound method of parser object.
+
+    p = Parser("xyzzy")
+    p.productions = Productions
+    p.errorfunc = Errorfunc
+    p.action = _lr_action
+    p.goto   = _lr_goto
+    p.method = _lr_method
+    p.require = Requires
+
+    global parse
+    parse = p.parse
+
+    global parser
+    parser = p
+
+    # Clean up all of the globals we created
+    if (not optimize):
+        yacc_cleanup()
+    return p
+
+# yacc_cleanup function.  Delete all of the global variables
+# used during table construction
+
+def yacc_cleanup():
+    global _lr_action, _lr_goto, _lr_method, _lr_goto_cache
+    del _lr_action, _lr_goto, _lr_method, _lr_goto_cache
+
+    global Productions, Prodnames, Prodmap, Terminals 
+    global Nonterminals, First, Follow, Precedence, LRitems
+    global Errorfunc, Signature, Requires
+    
+    del Productions, Prodnames, Prodmap, Terminals
+    del Nonterminals, First, Follow, Precedence, LRitems
+    del Errorfunc, Signature, Requires
+    
+    global _vf, _vfc
+    del _vf, _vfc
+    
+    
+# Stub that raises an error if parsing is attempted without first calling yacc()
+def parse(*args,**kwargs):
+    raise YaccError, "yacc: No parser built with yacc()"
+
diff --git a/chall/ply-2.2/doc/makedoc.py b/chall/ply-2.2/doc/makedoc.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..415a53a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/chall/ply-2.2/doc/makedoc.py
@@ -0,0 +1,194 @@
+#!/usr/local/bin/python
+
+###############################################################################
+# Takes a chapter as input and adds internal links and numbering to all
+# of the H1, H2, H3, H4 and H5 sections.
+#
+# Every heading HTML tag (H1, H2 etc) is given an autogenerated name to link
+# to. However, if the name is not an autogenerated name from a previous run,
+# it will be kept. If it is autogenerated, it might change on subsequent runs
+# of this program. Thus if you want to create links to one of the headings,
+# then change the heading link name to something that does not look like an
+# autogenerated link name.
+###############################################################################
+
+import sys
+import re
+import string
+
+###############################################################################
+# Functions
+###############################################################################
+
+# Regexs for <a name="..."></a>
+alink = re.compile(r"<a *name *= *\"(.*)\"></a>", re.IGNORECASE)
+heading = re.compile(r"(_nn\d)", re.IGNORECASE)
+
+def getheadingname(m):
+    autogeneratedheading = True;
+    if m.group(1) != None:
+        amatch = alink.match(m.group(1))
+        if amatch:
+            # A non-autogenerated heading - keep it
+            headingname = amatch.group(1)
+            autogeneratedheading = heading.match(headingname)
+    if autogeneratedheading:
+        # The heading name was either non-existent or autogenerated,
+        # We can create a new heading / change the existing heading
+        headingname = "%s_nn%d" % (filenamebase, nameindex)
+    return headingname
+
+###############################################################################
+# Main program
+###############################################################################
+
+if len(sys.argv) != 2:
+    print "usage: makedoc.py filename"
+    sys.exit(1)
+
+filename = sys.argv[1]
+filenamebase = string.split(filename,".")[0]
+
+section = 0
+subsection = 0
+subsubsection = 0
+subsubsubsection = 0
+nameindex = 0
+
+name = ""
+
+# Regexs for <h1>,... <h5> sections
+
+h1 = re.compile(r".*?<H1>(<a.*a>)*[\d\.\s]*(.*?)</H1>", re.IGNORECASE)
+h2 = re.compile(r".*?<H2>(<a.*a>)*[\d\.\s]*(.*?)</H2>", re.IGNORECASE)
+h3 = re.compile(r".*?<H3>(<a.*a>)*[\d\.\s]*(.*?)</H3>", re.IGNORECASE)
+h4 = re.compile(r".*?<H4>(<a.*a>)*[\d\.\s]*(.*?)</H4>", re.IGNORECASE)
+h5 = re.compile(r".*?<H5>(<a.*a>)*[\d\.\s]*(.*?)</H5>", re.IGNORECASE)
+
+data = open(filename).read()            # Read data
+open(filename+".bak","w").write(data)   # Make backup
+
+lines = data.splitlines()
+result = [ ] # This is the result of postprocessing the file
+index = "<!-- INDEX -->\n<div class=\"sectiontoc\">\n" # index contains the index for adding at the top of the file. Also printed to stdout.
+
+skip = 0
+skipspace = 0
+
+for s in lines:
+    if s == "<!-- INDEX -->":
+        if not skip:
+            result.append("@INDEX@")
+            skip = 1
+        else:
+            skip = 0
+        continue;
+    if skip:
+        continue
+
+    if not s and skipspace:
+        continue
+
+    if skipspace:
+        result.append("")
+        result.append("")
+        skipspace = 0
+    
+    m = h2.match(s)
+    if m:
+        prevheadingtext = m.group(2)
+        nameindex += 1
+        section += 1
+        headingname = getheadingname(m)
+        result.append("""<H2><a name="%s"></a>%d. %s</H2>""" % (headingname,section, prevheadingtext))
+
+        if subsubsubsection:
+            index += "</ul>\n"
+        if subsubsection:
+            index += "</ul>\n"
+        if subsection:
+            index += "</ul>\n"
+        if section == 1:
+            index += "<ul>\n"
+
+        index += """<li><a href="#%s">%s</a>\n""" % (headingname,prevheadingtext)
+        subsection = 0
+        subsubsection = 0
+        subsubsubsection = 0
+        skipspace = 1        
+        continue
+    m = h3.match(s)
+    if m:
+        prevheadingtext = m.group(2)
+        nameindex += 1
+        subsection += 1
+        headingname = getheadingname(m)
+        result.append("""<H3><a name="%s"></a>%d.%d %s</H3>""" % (headingname,section, subsection, prevheadingtext))
+
+        if subsubsubsection:
+            index += "</ul>\n"
+        if subsubsection:
+            index += "</ul>\n"
+        if subsection == 1:
+            index += "<ul>\n"
+
+        index += """<li><a href="#%s">%s</a>\n""" % (headingname,prevheadingtext)
+        subsubsection = 0
+        skipspace = 1        
+        continue
+    m = h4.match(s)
+    if m:
+        prevheadingtext = m.group(2)
+        nameindex += 1
+        subsubsection += 1
+        subsubsubsection = 0
+        headingname = getheadingname(m)
+        result.append("""<H4><a name="%s"></a>%d.%d.%d %s</H4>""" % (headingname,section, subsection, subsubsection, prevheadingtext))
+
+        if subsubsubsection:
+            index += "</ul>\n"
+        if subsubsection == 1:
+            index += "<ul>\n"
+
+        index += """<li><a href="#%s">%s</a>\n""" % (headingname,prevheadingtext)
+        skipspace = 1        
+        continue
+    m = h5.match(s)
+    if m:
+        prevheadingtext = m.group(2)
+        nameindex += 1
+        subsubsubsection += 1
+        headingname = getheadingname(m)
+        result.append("""<H5><a name="%s"></a>%d.%d.%d.%d %s</H5>""" % (headingname,section, subsection, subsubsection, subsubsubsection, prevheadingtext))
+
+        if subsubsubsection == 1:
+            index += "<ul>\n"
+
+        index += """<li><a href="#%s">%s</a>\n""" % (headingname,prevheadingtext)
+        skipspace = 1
+        continue
+    
+    result.append(s)
+
+if subsubsubsection:
+    index += "</ul>\n"
+
+if subsubsection:
+    index += "</ul>\n"
+
+if subsection:
+    index += "</ul>\n"
+
+if section:
+    index += "</ul>\n"
+
+index += "</div>\n<!-- INDEX -->\n"
+
+data = "\n".join(result)
+
+data = data.replace("@INDEX@",index) + "\n";
+
+# Write the file back out
+open(filename,"w").write(data)
+
+
diff --git a/chall/ply-2.2/doc/ply.html b/chall/ply-2.2/doc/ply.html
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..b3219ea
--- /dev/null
+++ b/chall/ply-2.2/doc/ply.html
@@ -0,0 +1,2874 @@
+<html>
+<head>
+<title>PLY (Python Lex-Yacc)</title>
+</head>
+<body bgcolor="#ffffff">
+
+<h1>PLY (Python Lex-Yacc)</h1>
+ 
+<b>
+David M. Beazley <br>
+dave@dabeaz.com<br>
+</b>
+
+<p>
+<b>PLY Version: 2.2</b>
+<p>
+
+<!-- INDEX -->
+<div class="sectiontoc">
+<ul>
+<li><a href="#ply_nn1">Introduction</a>
+<li><a href="#ply_nn2">PLY Overview</a>
+<li><a href="#ply_nn3">Lex</a>
+<ul>
+<li><a href="#ply_nn4">Lex Example</a>
+<li><a href="#ply_nn5">The tokens list</a>
+<li><a href="#ply_nn6">Specification of tokens</a>
+<li><a href="#ply_nn7">Token values</a>
+<li><a href="#ply_nn8">Discarded tokens</a>
+<li><a href="#ply_nn9">Line numbers and positional information</a>
+<li><a href="#ply_nn10">Ignored characters</a>
+<li><a href="#ply_nn11">Literal characters</a>
+<li><a href="#ply_nn12">Error handling</a>
+<li><a href="#ply_nn13">Building and using the lexer</a>
+<li><a href="#ply_nn14">The @TOKEN decorator</a>
+<li><a href="#ply_nn15">Optimized mode</a>
+<li><a href="#ply_nn16">Debugging</a>
+<li><a href="#ply_nn17">Alternative specification of lexers</a>
+<li><a href="#ply_nn18">Maintaining state</a>
+<li><a href="#ply_nn19">Duplicating lexers</a>
+<li><a href="#ply_nn20">Internal lexer state</a>
+<li><a href="#ply_nn21">Conditional lexing and start conditions</a>
+<li><a href="#ply_nn21">Miscellaneous Issues</a>
+</ul>
+<li><a href="#ply_nn22">Parsing basics</a>
+<li><a href="#ply_nn23">Yacc reference</a>
+<ul>
+<li><a href="#ply_nn24">An example</a>
+<li><a href="#ply_nn25">Combining Grammar Rule Functions</a>
+<li><a href="#ply_nn26">Character Literals</a>
+<li><a href="#ply_nn26">Empty Productions</a>
+<li><a href="#ply_nn28">Changing the starting symbol</a>
+<li><a href="#ply_nn27">Dealing With Ambiguous Grammars</a>
+<li><a href="#ply_nn28">The parser.out file</a>
+<li><a href="#ply_nn29">Syntax Error Handling</a>
+<ul>
+<li><a href="#ply_nn30">Recovery and resynchronization with error rules</a>
+<li><a href="#ply_nn31">Panic mode recovery</a>
+<li><a href="#ply_nn32">General comments on error handling</a>
+</ul>
+<li><a href="#ply_nn33">Line Number and Position Tracking</a>
+<li><a href="#ply_nn34">AST Construction</a>
+<li><a href="#ply_nn35">Embedded Actions</a>
+<li><a href="#ply_nn36">Yacc implementation notes</a>
+</ul>
+<li><a href="#ply_nn37">Parser and Lexer State Management</a>
+<li><a href="#ply_nn38">Using Python's Optimized Mode</a>
+<li><a href="#ply_nn39">Where to go from here?</a>
+</ul>
+</div>
+<!-- INDEX -->
+
+
+
+
+
+
+<H2><a name="ply_nn1"></a>1. Introduction</H2>
+
+
+PLY is a pure-Python implementation of the popular compiler
+construction tools lex and yacc. The main goal of PLY is to stay
+fairly faithful to the way in which traditional lex/yacc tools work.
+This includes supporting LALR(1) parsing as well as providing
+extensive input validation, error reporting, and diagnostics.  Thus,
+if you've used yacc in another programming language, it should be
+relatively straightforward to use PLY.  
+
+<p>
+Early versions of PLY were developed to support an Introduction to
+Compilers Course I taught in 2001 at the University of Chicago.  In this course,
+students built a fully functional compiler for a simple Pascal-like
+language.  Their compiler, implemented entirely in Python, had to
+include lexical analysis, parsing, type checking, type inference,
+nested scoping, and code generation for the SPARC processor.
+Approximately 30 different compiler implementations were completed in
+this course.  Most of PLY's interface and operation has been influenced by common
+usability problems encountered by students.
+
+<p>
+Since PLY was primarily developed as an instructional tool, you will
+find it to be fairly picky about token and grammar rule
+specification. In part, this
+added formality is meant to catch common programming mistakes made by
+novice users.  However, advanced users will also find such features to
+be useful when building complicated grammars for real programming
+languages.  It should also be noted that PLY does not provide much in
+the way of bells and whistles (e.g., automatic construction of
+abstract syntax trees, tree traversal, etc.). Nor would I consider it
+to be a parsing framework.  Instead, you will find a bare-bones, yet
+fully capable lex/yacc implementation written entirely in Python.
+
+<p>
+The rest of this document assumes that you are somewhat familar with
+parsing theory, syntax directed translation, and the use of compiler
+construction tools such as lex and yacc in other programming
+languages. If you are unfamilar with these topics, you will probably
+want to consult an introductory text such as "Compilers: Principles,
+Techniques, and Tools", by Aho, Sethi, and Ullman.  O'Reilly's "Lex
+and Yacc" by John Levine may also be handy.  In fact, the O'Reilly book can be
+used as a reference for PLY as the concepts are virtually identical.
+
+<H2><a name="ply_nn2"></a>2. PLY Overview</H2>
+
+
+PLY consists of two separate modules; <tt>lex.py</tt> and
+<tt>yacc.py</tt>, both of which are found in a Python package
+called <tt>ply</tt>. The <tt>lex.py</tt> module is used to break input text into a
+collection of tokens specified by a collection of regular expression
+rules.  <tt>yacc.py</tt> is used to recognize language syntax that has
+been specified in the form of a context free grammar. <tt>yacc.py</tt> uses LR parsing and generates its parsing tables
+using either the LALR(1) (the default) or SLR table generation algorithms.
+
+<p>
+The two tools are meant to work together.  Specifically,
+<tt>lex.py</tt> provides an external interface in the form of a
+<tt>token()</tt> function that returns the next valid token on the
+input stream.  <tt>yacc.py</tt> calls this repeatedly to retrieve
+tokens and invoke grammar rules.  The output of <tt>yacc.py</tt> is
+often an Abstract Syntax Tree (AST).  However, this is entirely up to
+the user.  If desired, <tt>yacc.py</tt> can also be used to implement
+simple one-pass compilers.  
+
+<p>
+Like its Unix counterpart, <tt>yacc.py</tt> provides most of the
+features you expect including extensive error checking, grammar
+validation, support for empty productions, error tokens, and ambiguity
+resolution via precedence rules.  In fact, everything that is possible in traditional yacc 
+should be supported in PLY.
+
+<p>
+The primary difference between
+<tt>yacc.py</tt> and Unix <tt>yacc</tt> is that <tt>yacc.py</tt> 
+doesn't involve a separate code-generation process. 
+Instead, PLY relies on reflection (introspection)
+to build its lexers and parsers.  Unlike traditional lex/yacc which
+require a special input file that is converted into a separate source
+file, the specifications given to PLY <em>are</em> valid Python
+programs.  This means that there are no extra source files nor is
+there a special compiler construction step (e.g., running yacc to
+generate Python code for the compiler).  Since the generation of the
+parsing tables is relatively expensive, PLY caches the results and
+saves them to a file.  If no changes are detected in the input source,
+the tables are read from the cache. Otherwise, they are regenerated.
+
+<H2><a name="ply_nn3"></a>3. Lex</H2>
+
+
+<tt>lex.py</tt> is used to tokenize an input string.  For example, suppose
+you're writing a programming language and a user supplied the following input string:
+
+<blockquote>
+<pre>
+x = 3 + 42 * (s - t)
+</pre>
+</blockquote>
+
+A tokenizer splits the string into individual tokens
+
+<blockquote>
+<pre>
+'x','=', '3', '+', '42', '*', '(', 's', '-', 't', ')'
+</pre>
+</blockquote>
+
+Tokens are usually given names to indicate what they are. For example:
+
+<blockquote>
+<pre>
+'ID','EQUALS','NUMBER','PLUS','NUMBER','TIMES',
+'LPAREN','ID','MINUS','ID','RPAREN'
+</pre>
+</blockquote>
+
+More specifically, the input is broken into pairs of token types and values.  For example:
+
+<blockquote>
+<pre>
+('ID','x'), ('EQUALS','='), ('NUMBER','3'), 
+('PLUS','+'), ('NUMBER','42), ('TIMES','*'),
+('LPAREN','('), ('ID','s'), ('MINUS','-'),
+('ID','t'), ('RPAREN',')'
+</pre>
+</blockquote>
+
+The identification of tokens is typically done by writing a series of regular expression
+rules.  The next section shows how this is done using <tt>lex.py</tt>.
+
+<H3><a name="ply_nn4"></a>3.1 Lex Example</H3>
+
+
+The following example shows how <tt>lex.py</tt> is used to write a simple tokenizer.
+
+<blockquote>
+<pre>
+# ------------------------------------------------------------
+# calclex.py
+#
+# tokenizer for a simple expression evaluator for
+# numbers and +,-,*,/
+# ------------------------------------------------------------
+import ply.lex as lex
+
+# List of token names.   This is always required
+tokens = (
+   'NUMBER',
+   'PLUS',
+   'MINUS',
+   'TIMES',
+   'DIVIDE',
+   'LPAREN',
+   'RPAREN',
+)
+
+# Regular expression rules for simple tokens
+t_PLUS    = r'\+'
+t_MINUS   = r'-'
+t_TIMES   = r'\*'
+t_DIVIDE  = r'/'
+t_LPAREN  = r'\('
+t_RPAREN  = r'\)'
+
+# A regular expression rule with some action code
+def t_NUMBER(t):
+    r'\d+'
+    try:
+         t.value = int(t.value)    
+    except ValueError:
+         print "Line %d: Number %s is too large!" % (t.lineno,t.value)
+	 t.value = 0
+    return t
+
+# Define a rule so we can track line numbers
+def t_newline(t):
+    r'\n+'
+    t.lexer.lineno += len(t.value)
+
+# A string containing ignored characters (spaces and tabs)
+t_ignore  = ' \t'
+
+# Error handling rule
+def t_error(t):
+    print "Illegal character '%s'" % t.value[0]
+    t.lexer.skip(1)
+
+# Build the lexer
+lex.lex()
+
+</pre>
+</blockquote>
+To use the lexer, you first need to feed it some input text using its <tt>input()</tt> method.  After that, repeated calls to <tt>token()</tt> produce tokens.   The following code shows how this works:
+
+<blockquote>
+<pre>
+
+# Test it out
+data = '''
+3 + 4 * 10
+  + -20 *2
+'''
+
+# Give the lexer some input
+lex.input(data)
+
+# Tokenize
+while 1:
+    tok = lex.token()
+    if not tok: break      # No more input
+    print tok
+</pre>
+</blockquote>
+
+When executed, the example will produce the following output:
+
+<blockquote>
+<pre>
+$ python example.py
+LexToken(NUMBER,3,2,1)
+LexToken(PLUS,'+',2,3)
+LexToken(NUMBER,4,2,5)
+LexToken(TIMES,'*',2,7)
+LexToken(NUMBER,10,2,10)
+LexToken(PLUS,'+',3,14)
+LexToken(MINUS,'-',3,16)
+LexToken(NUMBER,20,3,18)
+LexToken(TIMES,'*',3,20)
+LexToken(NUMBER,2,3,21)
+</pre>
+</blockquote>
+
+The tokens returned by <tt>lex.token()</tt> are instances
+of <tt>LexToken</tt>.  This object has
+attributes <tt>tok.type</tt>, <tt>tok.value</tt>,
+<tt>tok.lineno</tt>, and <tt>tok.lexpos</tt>.  The following code shows an example of
+accessing these attributes:
+
+<blockquote>
+<pre>
+# Tokenize
+while 1:
+    tok = lex.token()
+    if not tok: break      # No more input
+    print tok.type, tok.value, tok.line, tok.lexpos
+</pre>
+</blockquote>
+
+The <tt>tok.type</tt> and <tt>tok.value</tt> attributes contain the
+type and value of the token itself. 
+<tt>tok.line</tt> and <tt>tok.lexpos</tt> contain information about
+the location of the token.  <tt>tok.lexpos</tt> is the index of the
+token relative to the start of the input text.
+
+<H3><a name="ply_nn5"></a>3.2 The tokens list</H3>
+
+
+All lexers must provide a list <tt>tokens</tt> that defines all of the possible token
+names that can be produced by the lexer.  This list is always required
+and is used to perform a variety of validation checks.  The tokens list is also used by the
+<tt>yacc.py</tt> module to identify terminals.
+
+<p>
+In the example, the following code specified the token names:
+
+<blockquote>
+<pre>
+tokens = (
+   'NUMBER',
+   'PLUS',
+   'MINUS',
+   'TIMES',
+   'DIVIDE',
+   'LPAREN',
+   'RPAREN',
+)
+</pre>
+</blockquote>
+
+<H3><a name="ply_nn6"></a>3.3 Specification of tokens</H3>
+
+
+Each token is specified by writing a regular expression rule.  Each of these rules are
+are defined by  making declarations with a special prefix <tt>t_</tt> to indicate that it
+defines a token.  For simple tokens, the regular expression can
+be specified as strings such as this (note: Python raw strings are used since they are the
+most convenient way to write regular expression strings):
+
+<blockquote>
+<pre>
+t_PLUS = r'\+'
+</pre>
+</blockquote>
+
+In this case, the name following the <tt>t_</tt> must exactly match one of the
+names supplied in <tt>tokens</tt>.   If some kind of action needs to be performed,
+a token rule can be specified as a function.  For example, this rule matches numbers and
+converts the string into a Python integer.
+
+<blockquote>
+<pre>
+def t_NUMBER(t):
+    r'\d+'
+    try:
+         t.value = int(t.value)
+    except ValueError:
+         print "Number %s is too large!" % t.value
+	 t.value = 0
+    return t
+</pre>
+</blockquote>
+
+When a function is used, the regular expression rule is specified in the function documentation string. 
+The function always takes a single argument which is an instance of 
+<tt>LexToken</tt>.   This object has attributes of <tt>t.type</tt> which is the token type (as a string),
+<tt>t.value</tt> which is the lexeme (the actual text matched), <tt>t.lineno</tt> which is the current line number, and <tt>t.lexpos</tt> which
+is the position of the token relative to the beginning of the input text.
+By default, <tt>t.type</tt> is set to the name following the <tt>t_</tt> prefix.  The action
+function can modify the contents of the <tt>LexToken</tt> object as appropriate.  However, 
+when it is done, the resulting token should be returned.  If no value is returned by the action
+function, the token is simply discarded and the next token read.
+
+<p>
+Internally, <tt>lex.py</tt> uses the <tt>re</tt> module to do its patten matching.  When building the master regular expression,
+rules are added in the following order:
+<p>
+<ol>
+<li>All tokens defined by functions are added in the same order as they appear in the lexer file.
+<li>Tokens defined by strings are added next by sorting them in order of decreasing regular expression length (longer expressions
+are added first).
+</ol>
+<p>
+Without this ordering, it can be difficult to correctly match certain types of tokens.  For example, if you 
+wanted to have separate tokens for "=" and "==", you need to make sure that "==" is checked first.  By sorting regular
+expressions in order of decreasing length, this problem is solved for rules defined as strings.  For functions,
+the order can be explicitly controlled since rules appearing first are checked first.
+
+<p>
+To handle reserved words, it is usually easier to just match an identifier and do a special name lookup in a function
+like this:
+
+<blockquote>
+<pre>
+reserved = {
+   'if' : 'IF',
+   'then' : 'THEN',
+   'else' : 'ELSE',
+   'while' : 'WHILE',
+   ...
+}
+
+def t_ID(t):
+    r'[a-zA-Z_][a-zA-Z_0-9]*'
+    t.type = reserved.get(t.value,'ID')    # Check for reserved words
+    return t
+</pre>
+</blockquote>
+
+This approach greatly reduces the number of regular expression rules and is likely to make things a little faster.
+
+<p>
+<b>Note:</b> You should avoid writing individual rules for reserved words.  For example, if you write rules like this,
+
+<blockquote>
+<pre>
+t_FOR   = r'for'
+t_PRINT = r'print'
+</pre>
+</blockquote>
+
+those rules will be triggered for identifiers that include those words as a prefix such as "forget" or "printed".  This is probably not
+what you want.
+
+<H3><a name="ply_nn7"></a>3.4 Token values</H3>
+
+
+When tokens are returned by lex, they have a value that is stored in the <tt>value</tt> attribute.    Normally, the value is the text
+that was matched.   However, the value can be assigned to any Python object.   For instance, when lexing identifiers, you may
+want to return both the identifier name and information from some sort of symbol table.  To do this, you might write a rule like this:
+
+<blockquote>
+<pre>
+def t_ID(t):
+    ...
+    # Look up symbol table information and return a tuple
+    t.value = (t.value, symbol_lookup(t.value))
+    ...
+    return t
+</pre>
+</blockquote>
+
+It is important to note that storing data in other attribute names is <em>not</em> recommended.  The <tt>yacc.py</tt> module only exposes the
+contents of the <tt>value</tt> attribute.  Thus, accessing other attributes may  be unnecessarily awkward.
+
+<H3><a name="ply_nn8"></a>3.5 Discarded tokens</H3>
+
+
+To discard a token, such as a comment, simply define a token rule that returns no value.  For example:
+
+<blockquote>
+<pre>
+def t_COMMENT(t):
+    r'\#.*'
+    pass
+    # No return value. Token discarded
+</pre>
+</blockquote>
+
+Alternatively, you can include the prefix "ignore_" in the token declaration to force a token to be ignored.  For example:
+
+<blockquote>
+<pre>
+t_ignore_COMMENT = r'\#.*'
+</pre>
+</blockquote>
+
+Be advised that if you are ignoring many different kinds of text, you may still want to use functions since these provide more precise
+control over the order in which regular expressions are matched (i.e., functions are matched in order of specification whereas strings are
+sorted by regular expression length).
+
+<H3><a name="ply_nn9"></a>3.6 Line numbers and positional information</H3>
+
+
+<p>By default, <tt>lex.py</tt> knows nothing about line numbers.  This is because <tt>lex.py</tt> doesn't know anything
+about what constitutes a "line" of input (e.g., the newline character or even if the input is textual data).
+To update this information, you need to write a special rule.  In the example, the <tt>t_newline()</tt> rule shows how to do this.
+
+<blockquote>
+<pre>
+# Define a rule so we can track line numbers
+def t_newline(t):
+    r'\n+'
+    t.lexer.lineno += len(t.value)
+</pre>
+</blockquote>
+Within the rule, the <tt>lineno</tt> attribute of the underlying lexer <tt>t.lexer</tt> is updated.
+After the line number is updated, the token is simply discarded since nothing is returned.
+
+<p>
+<tt>lex.py</tt> does not perform and kind of automatic column tracking.  However, it does record positional
+information related to each token in the <tt>lexpos</tt> attribute.   Using this, it is usually possible to compute 
+column information as a separate step.   For instance, just count backwards until you reach a newline.
+
+<blockquote>
+<pre>
+# Compute column. 
+#     input is the input text string
+#     token is a token instance
+def find_column(input,token):
+    i = token.lexpos
+    while i > 0:
+        if input[i] == '\n': break
+        i -= 1
+    column = (token.lexpos - i)+1
+    return column
+</pre>
+</blockquote>
+
+Since column information is often only useful in the context of error handling, calculating the column
+position can be performed when needed as opposed to doing it for each token.
+
+<H3><a name="ply_nn10"></a>3.7 Ignored characters</H3>
+
+
+<p>
+The special <tt>t_ignore</tt> rule is reserved by <tt>lex.py</tt> for characters
+that should be completely ignored in the input stream. 
+Usually this is used to skip over whitespace and other non-essential characters. 
+Although it is possible to define a regular expression rule for whitespace in a manner
+similar to <tt>t_newline()</tt>, the use of <tt>t_ignore</tt> provides substantially better
+lexing performance because it is handled as a special case and is checked in a much
+more efficient manner than the normal regular expression rules.
+
+<H3><a name="ply_nn11"></a>3.8 Literal characters</H3>
+
+
+<p>
+Literal characters can be specified by defining a variable <tt>literals</tt> in your lexing module.  For example:
+
+<blockquote>
+<pre>
+literals = [ '+','-','*','/' ]
+</pre>
+</blockquote>
+
+or alternatively
+
+<blockquote>
+<pre>
+literals = "+-*/"
+</pre>
+</blockquote>
+
+A literal character is simply a single character that is returned "as is" when encountered by the lexer.  Literals are checked
+after all of the defined regular expression rules.  Thus, if a rule starts with one of the literal characters, it will always 
+take precedence.
+<p>
+When a literal token is returned, both its <tt>type</tt> and <tt>value</tt> attributes are set to the character itself. For example, <tt>'+'</tt>.
+
+<H3><a name="ply_nn12"></a>3.9 Error handling</H3>
+
+
+<p>
+Finally, the <tt>t_error()</tt>
+function is used to handle lexing errors that occur when illegal
+characters are detected.  In this case, the <tt>t.value</tt> attribute contains the
+rest of the input string that has not been tokenized.  In the example, the error function
+was defined as follows:
+
+<blockquote>
+<pre>
+# Error handling rule
+def t_error(t):
+    print "Illegal character '%s'" % t.value[0]
+    t.lexer.skip(1)
+</pre>
+</blockquote>
+
+In this case, we simply print the offending character and skip ahead one character by calling <tt>t.lexer.skip(1)</tt>.
+
+<H3><a name="ply_nn13"></a>3.10 Building and using the lexer</H3>
+
+
+<p>
+To build the lexer, the function <tt>lex.lex()</tt> is used.  This function
+uses Python reflection (or introspection) to read the the regular expression rules
+out of the calling context and build the lexer. Once the lexer has been built, two functions can
+be used to control the lexer.
+
+<ul>
+<li><tt>lex.input(data)</tt>.   Reset the lexer and store a new input string.
+<li><tt>lex.token()</tt>.  Return the next token.  Returns a special <tt>LexToken</tt> instance on success or
+None if the end of the input text has been reached.
+</ul>
+
+If desired, the lexer can also be used as an object.  The <tt>lex()</tt> returns a <tt>Lexer</tt> object that
+can be used for this purpose.  For example:
+
+<blockquote>
+<pre>
+lexer = lex.lex()
+lexer.input(sometext)
+while 1:
+    tok = lexer.token()
+    if not tok: break
+    print tok
+</pre>
+</blockquote>
+
+<p>
+This latter technique should be used if you intend to use multiple lexers in your application.  Simply define each
+lexer in its own module and use the object returned by <tt>lex()</tt> as appropriate.
+
+<p>
+Note: The global functions <tt>lex.input()</tt> and <tt>lex.token()</tt> are bound to the <tt>input()</tt> 
+and <tt>token()</tt> methods of the last lexer created by the lex module. 
+
+<H3><a name="ply_nn14"></a>3.11 The @TOKEN decorator</H3>
+
+
+In some applications, you may want to define build tokens from as a series of
+more complex regular expression rules.  For example:
+
+<blockquote>
+<pre>
+digit            = r'([0-9])'
+nondigit         = r'([_A-Za-z])'
+identifier       = r'(' + nondigit + r'(' + digit + r'|' + nondigit + r')*)'        
+
+def t_ID(t):
+    # want docstring to be identifier above. ?????
+    ...
+</pre>
+</blockquote>
+
+In this case, we want the regular expression rule for <tt>ID</tt> to be one of the variables above. However, there is no
+way to directly specify this using a normal documentation string.   To solve this problem, you can use the <tt>@TOKEN</tt>
+decorator.  For example:
+
+<blockquote>
+<pre>
+from ply.lex import TOKEN
+
+@TOKEN(identifier)
+def t_ID(t):
+    ...
+</pre>
+</blockquote>
+
+This will attach <tt>identifier</tt> to the docstring for <tt>t_ID()</tt> allowing <tt>lex.py</tt> to work normally.  An alternative
+approach this problem is to set the docstring directly like this:
+
+<blockquote>
+<pre>
+def t_ID(t):
+    ...
+
+t_ID.__doc__ = identifier
+</pre>
+</blockquote>
+
+<b>NOTE:</b> Use of <tt>@TOKEN</tt> requires Python-2.4 or newer.  If you're concerned about backwards compatibility with older
+versions of Python, use the alternative approach of setting the docstring directly.
+
+<H3><a name="ply_nn15"></a>3.12 Optimized mode</H3>
+
+
+For improved performance, it may be desirable to use Python's
+optimized mode (e.g., running Python with the <tt>-O</tt>
+option). However, doing so causes Python to ignore documentation
+strings.  This presents special problems for <tt>lex.py</tt>.  To
+handle this case, you can create your lexer using
+the <tt>optimize</tt> option as follows:
+
+<blockquote>
+<pre>
+lexer = lex.lex(optimize=1)
+</pre>
+</blockquote>
+
+Next, run Python in its normal operating mode.  When you do
+this, <tt>lex.py</tt> will write a file called <tt>lextab.py</tt> to
+the current directory.  This file contains all of the regular
+expression rules and tables used during lexing.  On subsequent
+executions,
+<tt>lextab.py</tt> will simply be imported to build the lexer.  This
+approach substantially improves the startup time of the lexer and it
+works in Python's optimized mode.
+
+<p>
+To change the name of the lexer-generated file, use the <tt>lextab</tt> keyword argument.  For example:
+
+<blockquote>
+<pre>
+lexer = lex.lex(optimize=1,lextab="footab")
+</pre>
+</blockquote>
+
+When running in optimized mode, it is important to note that lex disables most error checking.  Thus, this is really only recommended
+if you're sure everything is working correctly and you're ready to start releasing production code.
+
+<H3><a name="ply_nn16"></a>3.13 Debugging</H3>
+
+
+For the purpose of debugging, you can run <tt>lex()</tt> in a debugging mode as follows:
+
+<blockquote>
+<pre>
+lexer = lex.lex(debug=1)
+</pre>
+</blockquote>
+
+This will result in a large amount of debugging information to be printed including all of the added rules and the master
+regular expressions.
+
+In addition, <tt>lex.py</tt> comes with a simple main function which
+will either tokenize input read from standard input or from a file specified
+on the command line. To use it, simply put this in your lexer:
+
+<blockquote>
+<pre>
+if __name__ == '__main__':
+     lex.runmain()
+</pre>
+</blockquote>
+
+<H3><a name="ply_nn17"></a>3.14 Alternative specification of lexers</H3>
+
+
+As shown in the example, lexers are specified all within one Python module.   If you want to
+put token rules in a different module from the one in which you invoke <tt>lex()</tt>, use the
+<tt>module</tt> keyword argument.
+
+<p>
+For example, you might have a dedicated module that just contains
+the token rules:
+
+<blockquote>
+<pre>
+# module: tokrules.py
+# This module just contains the lexing rules
+
+# List of token names.   This is always required
+tokens = (
+   'NUMBER',
+   'PLUS',
+   'MINUS',
+   'TIMES',
+   'DIVIDE',
+   'LPAREN',
+   'RPAREN',
+)
+
+# Regular expression rules for simple tokens
+t_PLUS    = r'\+'
+t_MINUS   = r'-'
+t_TIMES   = r'\*'
+t_DIVIDE  = r'/'
+t_LPAREN  = r'\('
+t_RPAREN  = r'\)'
+
+# A regular expression rule with some action code
+def t_NUMBER(t):
+    r'\d+'
+    try:
+         t.value = int(t.value)    
+    except ValueError:
+         print "Line %d: Number %s is too large!" % (t.lineno,t.value)
+	 t.value = 0
+    return t
+
+# Define a rule so we can track line numbers
+def t_newline(t):
+    r'\n+'
+    t.lexer.lineno += len(t.value)
+
+# A string containing ignored characters (spaces and tabs)
+t_ignore  = ' \t'
+
+# Error handling rule
+def t_error(t):
+    print "Illegal character '%s'" % t.value[0]
+    t.lexer.skip(1)
+</pre>
+</blockquote>
+
+Now, if you wanted to build a tokenizer from these rules from within a different module, you would do the following (shown for Python interactive mode):
+
+<blockquote>
+<pre>
+>>> import tokrules
+>>> <b>lexer = lex.lex(module=tokrules)</b>
+>>> lexer.input("3 + 4")
+>>> lexer.token()
+LexToken(NUMBER,3,1,1,0)
+>>> lexer.token()
+LexToken(PLUS,'+',1,2)
+>>> lexer.token()
+LexToken(NUMBER,4,1,4)
+>>> lexer.token()
+None
+>>>
+</pre>
+</blockquote>
+
+The <tt>object</tt> option can be used to define lexers as a class instead of a module.  For example:
+
+<blockquote>
+<pre>
+import ply.lex as lex
+
+class MyLexer:
+    # List of token names.   This is always required
+    tokens = (
+       'NUMBER',
+       'PLUS',
+       'MINUS',
+       'TIMES',
+       'DIVIDE',
+       'LPAREN',
+       'RPAREN',
+    )
+
+    # Regular expression rules for simple tokens
+    t_PLUS    = r'\+'
+    t_MINUS   = r'-'
+    t_TIMES   = r'\*'
+    t_DIVIDE  = r'/'
+    t_LPAREN  = r'\('
+    t_RPAREN  = r'\)'
+
+    # A regular expression rule with some action code
+    # Note addition of self parameter since we're in a class
+    def t_NUMBER(self,t):
+        r'\d+'
+        try:
+             t.value = int(t.value)    
+        except ValueError:
+             print "Line %d: Number %s is too large!" % (t.lineno,t.value)
+             t.value = 0
+        return t
+
+    # Define a rule so we can track line numbers
+    def t_newline(self,t):
+        r'\n+'
+        t.lexer.lineno += len(t.value)
+
+    # A string containing ignored characters (spaces and tabs)
+    t_ignore  = ' \t'
+
+    # Error handling rule
+    def t_error(self,t):
+        print "Illegal character '%s'" % t.value[0]
+        t.lexer.skip(1)
+
+    <b># Build the lexer
+    def build(self,**kwargs):
+        self.lexer = lex.lex(object=self, **kwargs)</b>
+    
+    # Test it output
+    def test(self,data):
+        self.lexer.input(data)
+        while 1:
+             tok = lexer.token()
+             if not tok: break
+             print tok
+
+# Build the lexer and try it out
+m = MyLexer()
+m.build()           # Build the lexer
+m.test("3 + 4")     # Test it
+</pre>
+</blockquote>
+
+For reasons that are subtle, you should <em>NOT</em> invoke <tt>lex.lex()</tt> inside the <tt>__init__()</tt> method of your class.  If you
+do, it may cause bizarre behavior if someone tries to duplicate a lexer object.  Keep reading.
+
+<H3><a name="ply_nn18"></a>3.15 Maintaining state</H3>
+
+
+In your lexer, you may want to maintain a variety of state information.  This might include mode settings, symbol tables, and other details.  There are a few
+different ways to handle this situation.  First, you could just keep some global variables:
+
+<blockquote>
+<pre>
+num_count = 0
+def t_NUMBER(t):
+    r'\d+'
+    global num_count
+    num_count += 1
+    try:
+         t.value = int(t.value)    
+    except ValueError:
+         print "Line %d: Number %s is too large!" % (t.lineno,t.value)
+	 t.value = 0
+    return t
+</pre>
+</blockquote>
+
+Alternatively, you can store this information inside the Lexer object created by <tt>lex()</tt>.  To this, you can use the <tt>lexer</tt> attribute
+of tokens passed to the various rules. For example:
+
+<blockquote>
+<pre>
+def t_NUMBER(t):
+    r'\d+'
+    t.lexer.num_count += 1     # Note use of lexer attribute
+    try:
+         t.value = int(t.value)    
+    except ValueError:
+         print "Line %d: Number %s is too large!" % (t.lineno,t.value)
+	 t.value = 0
+    return t
+
+lexer = lex.lex()
+lexer.num_count = 0            # Set the initial count
+</pre>
+</blockquote>
+
+This latter approach has the advantage of storing information inside
+the lexer itself---something that may be useful if multiple instances
+of the same lexer have been created.  However, it may also feel kind
+of "hacky" to the purists.  Just to put their mind at some ease, all
+internal attributes of the lexer (with the exception of <tt>lineno</tt>) have names that are prefixed
+by <tt>lex</tt> (e.g., <tt>lexdata</tt>,<tt>lexpos</tt>, etc.).  Thus,
+it should be perfectly safe to store attributes in the lexer that
+don't have names starting with that prefix.
+
+<p>
+A third approach is to define the lexer as a class as shown in the previous example:
+
+<blockquote>
+<pre>
+class MyLexer:
+    ...
+    def t_NUMBER(self,t):
+        r'\d+'
+        self.num_count += 1
+        try:
+             t.value = int(t.value)    
+        except ValueError:
+             print "Line %d: Number %s is too large!" % (t.lineno,t.value)
+             t.value = 0
+        return t
+
+    def build(self, **kwargs):
+        self.lexer = lex.lex(object=self,**kwargs)
+
+    def __init__(self):
+        self.num_count = 0
+
+# Create a lexer 
+m = MyLexer()
+lexer = lex.lex(object=m)
+</pre>
+</blockquote>
+
+The class approach may be the easiest to manage if your application is going to be creating multiple instances of the same lexer and
+you need to manage a lot of state.  
+
+<H3><a name="ply_nn19"></a>3.16 Duplicating lexers</H3>
+
+
+<b>NOTE: I am thinking about deprecating this feature.  Post comments on <a href="http://groups.google.com/group/ply-hack">ply-hack@googlegroups.com</a> or send me a private email at dave@dabeaz.com.</b>
+
+<p>
+If necessary, a lexer object can be quickly duplicated by invoking its <tt>clone()</tt> method.  For example:
+
+<blockquote>
+<pre>
+lexer = lex.lex()
+...
+newlexer = lexer.clone()
+</pre>
+</blockquote>
+
+When a lexer is cloned, the copy is identical to the original lexer,
+including any input text. However, once created, different text can be
+fed to the clone which can be used independently.  This capability may
+be useful in situations when you are writing a parser/compiler that
+involves recursive or reentrant processing.  For instance, if you
+needed to scan ahead in the input for some reason, you could create a
+clone and use it to look ahead.
+
+<p>
+The advantage of using <tt>clone()</tt> instead of reinvoking <tt>lex()</tt> is
+that it is significantly faster.  Namely, it is not necessary to re-examine all of the 
+token rules, build a regular expression, and construct internal tables.  All of this
+information can simply be reused in the new lexer.
+
+<p>
+Special considerations need to be made when cloning a lexer that is defined as a class.  Previous sections
+showed an example of a class <tt>MyLexer</tt>.  If you have the following code:
+
+<blockquote>
+<pre>
+m = MyLexer()
+a = lex.lex(object=m)      # Create a lexer
+
+b = a.clone()              # Clone the lexer
+</pre>
+</blockquote>
+
+Then both <tt>a</tt> and <tt>b</tt> are going to be bound to the same
+object <tt>m</tt>.  If the object <tt>m</tt> contains internal state
+related to lexing, this sharing may lead to quite a bit of confusion. To fix this,
+the <tt>clone()</tt> method accepts an optional argument that can be used to supply a new object.  This
+can be used to clone the lexer and bind it to a new instance.  For example:
+
+<blockquote>
+<pre>
+m = MyLexer()              # Create a lexer
+a = lex.lex(object=m)
+
+# Create a clone 
+n = MyLexer()              # New instance of MyLexer
+b = a.clone(n)             # New lexer bound to n
+</pre>
+</blockquote>
+
+It may make sense to encapsulate all of this inside a method:
+
+<blockquote>
+<pre>
+class MyLexer:
+     ...
+     def clone(self):
+         c = MyLexer()        # Create a new instance of myself
+         # Copy attributes from self to c as appropriate
+         ...
+         # Clone the lexer
+         c.lexer = self.lexer.clone(c)
+         return c
+</pre>
+</blockquote>
+
+The fact that a new instance of <tt>MyLexer</tt> may be created while cloning a lexer is the reason why you should never
+invoke <tt>lex.lex()</tt> inside <tt>__init__()</tt>.  If you do, the lexer will be rebuilt from scratch and you lose
+all of the performance benefits of using <tt>clone()</tt> in the first place.
+
+<H3><a name="ply_nn20"></a>3.17 Internal lexer state</H3>
+
+
+A Lexer object <tt>lexer</tt> has a number of internal attributes that may be useful in certain
+situations. 
+
+<p>
+<tt>lexer.lexpos</tt>
+<blockquote>
+This attribute is an integer that contains the current position within the input text.  If you modify
+the value, it will change the result of the next call to <tt>token()</tt>.  Within token rule functions, this points
+to the first character <em>after</em> the matched text.  If the value is modified within a rule, the next returned token will be
+matched at the new position.
+</blockquote>
+
+<p>
+<tt>lexer.lineno</tt>
+<blockquote>
+The current value of the line number attribute stored in the lexer.  This can be modified as needed to
+change the line number.
+</blockquote>
+
+<p>
+<tt>lexer.lexdata</tt>
+<blockquote>
+The current input text stored in the lexer.  This is the string passed with the <tt>input()</tt> method. It
+would probably be a bad idea to modify this unless you really know what you're doing.
+</blockquote>
+
+<P>
+<tt>lexer.lexmatch</tt>
+<blockquote>
+This is the raw <tt>Match</tt> object returned by the Python <tt>re.match()</tt> function (used internally by PLY) for the
+current token.  If you have written a regular expression that contains named groups, you can use this to retrieve those values.
+</blockquote>
+
+<H3><a name="ply_nn21"></a>3.18 Conditional lexing and start conditions</H3>
+
+
+In advanced parsing applications, it may be useful to have different
+lexing states. For instance, you may want the occurrence of a certain
+token or syntactic construct to trigger a different kind of lexing.
+PLY supports a feature that allows the underlying lexer to be put into
+a series of different states.  Each state can have its own tokens,
+lexing rules, and so forth.  The implementation is based largely on
+the "start condition" feature of GNU flex.  Details of this can be found
+at <a
+href="http://www.gnu.org/software/flex/manual/html_chapter/flex_11.html">http://www.gnu.org/software/flex/manual/html_chapter/flex_11.html.</a>.
+
+<p>
+To define a new lexing state, it must first be declared.  This is done by including a "states" declaration in your
+lex file.  For example:
+
+<blockquote>
+<pre>
+states = (
+   ('foo','exclusive'),
+   ('bar','inclusive'),
+)
+</pre>
+</blockquote>
+
+This declaration declares two states, <tt>'foo'</tt>
+and <tt>'bar'</tt>.  States may be of two types; <tt>'exclusive'</tt>
+and <tt>'inclusive'</tt>.  An exclusive state completely overrides the
+default behavior of the lexer.  That is, lex will only return tokens
+and apply rules defined specifically for that state.  An inclusive
+state adds additional tokens and rules to the default set of rules.
+Thus, lex will return both the tokens defined by default in addition
+to those defined for the inclusive state.
+
+<p>
+Once a state has been declared, tokens and rules are declared by including the
+state name in token/rule declaration.  For example:
+
+<blockquote>
+<pre>
+t_foo_NUMBER = r'\d+'                      # Token 'NUMBER' in state 'foo'        
+t_bar_ID     = r'[a-zA-Z_][a-zA-Z0-9_]*'   # Token 'ID' in state 'bar'
+
+def t_foo_newline(t):
+    r'\n'
+    t.lexer.lineno += 1
+</pre>
+</blockquote>
+
+A token can be declared in multiple states by including multiple state names in the declaration. For example:
+
+<blockquote>
+<pre>
+t_foo_bar_NUMBER = r'\d+'         # Defines token 'NUMBER' in both state 'foo' and 'bar'
+</pre>
+</blockquote>
+
+Alternative, a token can be declared in all states using the 'ANY' in the name.
+
+<blockquote>
+<pre>
+t_ANY_NUMBER = r'\d+'         # Defines a token 'NUMBER' in all states
+</pre>
+</blockquote>
+
+If no state name is supplied, as is normally the case, the token is associated with a special state <tt>'INITIAL'</tt>.  For example,
+these two declarations are identical:
+
+<blockquote>
+<pre>
+t_NUMBER = r'\d+'
+t_INITIAL_NUMBER = r'\d+'
+</pre>
+</blockquote>
+
+<p>
+States are also associated with the special <tt>t_ignore</tt> and <tt>t_error()</tt> declarations.  For example, if a state treats
+these differently, you can declare:
+
+<blockquote>
+<pre>
+t_foo_ignore = " \t\n"       # Ignored characters for state 'foo'
+
+def t_bar_error(t):          # Special error handler for state 'bar'
+    pass 
+</pre>
+</blockquote>
+
+By default, lexing operates in the <tt>'INITIAL'</tt> state.  This state includes all of the normally defined tokens. 
+For users who aren't using different states, this fact is completely transparent.   If, during lexing or parsing, you want to change
+the lexing state, use the <tt>begin()</tt> method.   For example:
+
+<blockquote>
+<pre>
+def t_begin_foo(t):
+    r'start_foo'
+    t.lexer.begin('foo')             # Starts 'foo' state
+</pre>
+</blockquote>
+
+To get out of a state, you use <tt>begin()</tt> to switch back to the initial state.  For example:
+
+<blockquote>
+<pre>
+def t_foo_end(t):
+    r'end_foo'
+    t.lexer.begin('INITIAL')        # Back to the initial state
+</pre>
+</blockquote>
+
+The management of states can also be done with a stack.  For example:
+
+<blockquote>
+<pre>
+def t_begin_foo(t):
+    r'start_foo'
+    t.lexer.push_state('foo')             # Starts 'foo' state
+
+def t_foo_end(t):
+    r'end_foo'
+    t.lexer.pop_state()                   # Back to the previous state
+</pre>
+</blockquote>
+
+<p>
+The use of a stack would be useful in situations where there are many ways of entering a new lexing state and you merely want to go back
+to the previous state afterwards.
+
+<P>
+An example might help clarify.  Suppose you were writing a parser and you wanted to grab sections of arbitrary C code enclosed by
+curly braces.  That is, whenever you encounter a starting brace '{', you want to read all of the enclosed code up to the ending brace '}' 
+and return it as a string.   Doing this with a normal regular expression rule is nearly (if not actually) impossible.  This is because braces can
+be nested and can be included in comments and strings.  Thus, simply matching up to the first matching '}' character isn't good enough.  Here is how
+you might use lexer states to do this:
+
+<blockquote>
+<pre>
+# Declare the state
+states = (
+  ('ccode','exclusive'),
+)
+
+# Match the first {. Enter ccode state.
+def t_ccode(t):
+    r'\{'
+    t.lexer.code_start = t.lexer.lexpos        # Record the starting position
+    t.lexer.level = 1                          # Initial brace level
+    t.lexer.begin('ccode')                     # Enter 'ccode' state
+
+# Rules for the ccode state
+def t_ccode_lbrace(t):     
+    r'\{'
+    t.lexer.level +=1                
+
+def t_ccode_rbrace(t):
+    r'\}'
+    t.lexer.level -=1
+
+    # If closing brace, return the code fragment
+    if t.lexer.level == 0:
+         t.value = t.lexer.lexdata[t.lexer.code_start:t.lexer.lexpos+1]
+         t.type = "CCODE"
+         t.lexer.lineno += t.value.count('\n')
+         t.lexer.begin('INITIAL')           
+         return t
+
+# C or C++ comment (ignore)    
+def t_ccode_comment(t):
+    r'(/\*(.|\n)*?*/)|(//.*)'
+    pass
+
+# C string
+def t_ccode_string(t):
+   r'\"([^\\\n]|(\\.))*?\"'
+
+# C character literal
+def t_ccode_char(t):
+   r'\'([^\\\n]|(\\.))*?\''
+
+# Any sequence of non-whitespace characters (not braces, strings)
+def t_ccode_nonspace(t):
+   r'[^\s\{\}\'\"]+'
+
+# Ignored characters (whitespace)
+t_ccode_ignore = " \t\n"
+
+# For bad characters, we just skip over it
+def t_ccode_error(t):
+    t.lexer.skip(1)
+</pre>
+</blockquote>
+
+In this example, the occurrence of the first '{' causes the lexer to record the starting position and enter a new state <tt>'ccode'</tt>.  A collection of rules then match
+various parts of the input that follow (comments, strings, etc.).  All of these rules merely discard the token (by not returning a value).
+However, if the closing right brace is encountered, the rule <tt>t_ccode_rbrace</tt> collects all of the code (using the earlier recorded starting
+position), stores it, and returns a token 'CCODE' containing all of that text.  When returning the token, the lexing state is restored back to its
+initial state.
+
+<H3><a name="ply_nn21"></a>3.19 Miscellaneous Issues</H3>
+
+
+<P>
+<li>The lexer requires input to be supplied as a single input string.  Since most machines have more than enough memory, this 
+rarely presents a performance concern.  However, it means that the lexer currently can't be used with streaming data
+such as open files or sockets.  This limitation is primarily a side-effect of using the <tt>re</tt> module.
+
+<p>
+<li>The lexer should work properly with both Unicode strings given as token and pattern matching rules as
+well as for input text.
+
+<p>
+<li>If you need to supply optional flags to the re.compile() function, use the reflags option to lex.  For example:
+
+<blockquote>
+<pre>
+lex.lex(reflags=re.UNICODE)
+</pre>
+</blockquote>
+
+<p>
+<li>Since the lexer is written entirely in Python, its performance is
+largely determined by that of the Python <tt>re</tt> module.  Although
+the lexer has been written to be as efficient as possible, it's not
+blazingly fast when used on very large input files.  If
+performance is concern, you might consider upgrading to the most
+recent version of Python, creating a hand-written lexer, or offloading
+the lexer into a C extension module.  
+
+<p>
+If you are going to create a hand-written lexer and you plan to use it with <tt>yacc.py</tt>, 
+it only needs to conform to the following requirements:
+
+<ul>
+<li>It must provide a <tt>token()</tt> method that returns the next token or <tt>None</tt> if no more
+tokens are available.
+<li>The <tt>token()</tt> method must return an object <tt>tok</tt> that has <tt>type</tt> and <tt>value</tt> attributes.
+</ul>
+
+<H2><a name="ply_nn22"></a>4. Parsing basics</H2>
+
+
+<tt>yacc.py</tt> is used to parse language syntax.  Before showing an
+example, there are a few important bits of background that must be
+mentioned.  First, <em>syntax</em> is usually specified in terms of a BNF grammar.
+For example, if you wanted to parse
+simple arithmetic expressions, you might first write an unambiguous
+grammar specification like this:
+
+<blockquote>
+<pre> 
+expression : expression + term
+           | expression - term
+           | term
+
+term       : term * factor
+           | term / factor
+           | factor
+
+factor     : NUMBER
+           | ( expression )
+</pre>
+</blockquote>
+
+In the grammar, symbols such as <tt>NUMBER</tt>, <tt>+</tt>, <tt>-</tt>, <tt>*</tt>, and <tt>/</tt> are known
+as <em>terminals</em> and correspond to raw input tokens.  Identifiers such as <tt>term</tt> and <tt>factor</tt> refer to more
+complex rules, typically comprised of a collection of tokens.  These identifiers are known as <em>non-terminals</em>.
+<P>
+The semantic behavior of a language is often specified using a
+technique known as syntax directed translation.  In syntax directed
+translation, attributes are attached to each symbol in a given grammar
+rule along with an action.  Whenever a particular grammar rule is
+recognized, the action describes what to do.  For example, given the
+expression grammar above, you might write the specification for a
+simple calculator like this:
+
+<blockquote>
+<pre> 
+Grammar                             Action
+--------------------------------    -------------------------------------------- 
+expression0 : expression1 + term    expression0.val = expression1.val + term.val
+            | expression1 - term    expression0.val = expression1.val - term.val
+            | term                  expression0.val = term.val
+
+term0       : term1 * factor        term0.val = term1.val * factor.val
+            | term1 / factor        term0.val = term1.val / factor.val
+            | factor                term0.val = factor.val
+
+factor      : NUMBER                factor.val = int(NUMBER.lexval)
+            | ( expression )        factor.val = expression.val
+</pre>
+</blockquote>
+
+A good way to think about syntax directed translation is to simply think of each symbol in the grammar as some
+kind of object.  The semantics of the language are then expressed as a collection of methods/operations on these
+objects. 
+
+<p>
+Yacc uses a parsing technique known as LR-parsing or shift-reduce parsing.  LR parsing is a
+bottom up technique that tries to recognize the right-hand-side of various grammar rules.
+Whenever a valid right-hand-side is found in the input, the appropriate action code is triggered and the
+grammar symbols are replaced by the grammar symbol on the left-hand-side. 
+
+<p>
+LR parsing is commonly implemented by shifting grammar symbols onto a stack and looking at the stack and the next
+input token for patterns.   The details of the algorithm can be found in a compiler text, but the
+following example illustrates the steps that are performed if you wanted to parse the expression 
+<tt>3 + 5 * (10 - 20)</tt> using the grammar defined above:
+
+<blockquote>
+<pre>
+Step Symbol Stack           Input Tokens            Action
+---- ---------------------  ---------------------   -------------------------------
+1    $                      3 + 5 * ( 10 - 20 )$    Shift 3
+2    $ 3                      + 5 * ( 10 - 20 )$    Reduce factor : NUMBER
+3    $ factor                 + 5 * ( 10 - 20 )$    Reduce term   : factor
+4    $ term                   + 5 * ( 10 - 20 )$    Reduce expr : term
+5    $ expr                   + 5 * ( 10 - 20 )$    Shift +
+6    $ expr +                   5 * ( 10 - 20 )$    Shift 5
+7    $ expr + 5                   * ( 10 - 20 )$    Reduce factor : NUMBER
+8    $ expr + factor              * ( 10 - 20 )$    Reduce term   : factor
+9    $ expr + term                * ( 10 - 20 )$    Shift *
+10   $ expr + term *                ( 10 - 20 )$    Shift (
+11   $ expr + term * (                10 - 20 )$    Shift 10
+12   $ expr + term * ( 10                - 20 )$    Reduce factor : NUMBER
+13   $ expr + term * ( factor            - 20 )$    Reduce term : factor
+14   $ expr + term * ( term              - 20 )$    Reduce expr : term
+15   $ expr + term * ( expr              - 20 )$    Shift -
+16   $ expr + term * ( expr -              20 )$    Shift 20
+17   $ expr + term * ( expr - 20              )$    Reduce factor : NUMBER
+18   $ expr + term * ( expr - factor          )$    Reduce term : factor
+19   $ expr + term * ( expr - term            )$    Reduce expr : expr - term
+20   $ expr + term * ( expr                   )$    Shift )
+21   $ expr + term * ( expr )                  $    Reduce factor : (expr)
+22   $ expr + term * factor                    $    Reduce term : term * factor
+23   $ expr + term                             $    Reduce expr : expr + term
+24   $ expr                                    $    Reduce expr
+25   $                                         $    Success!
+</pre>
+</blockquote>
+
+When parsing the expression, an underlying state machine and the current input token determine what to do next.  
+If the next token looks like part of a valid grammar rule (based on other items on the stack), it is generally shifted
+onto the stack.  If the top of the stack contains a valid right-hand-side of a grammar rule, it is
+usually "reduced" and the symbols replaced with the symbol on the left-hand-side.  When this reduction occurs, the
+appropriate action is triggered (if defined).  If the input token can't be shifted and the top of stack doesn't match
+any grammar rules, a syntax error has occurred and the parser must take some kind of recovery step (or bail out).
+
+<p>
+It is important to note that the underlying implementation is built around a large finite-state machine that is encoded
+in a collection of tables. The construction of these tables is quite complicated and beyond the scope of this discussion.
+However, subtle details of this process explain why, in the example above, the parser chooses to shift a token
+onto the stack in step 9 rather than reducing the rule <tt>expr : expr + term</tt>.
+
+<H2><a name="ply_nn23"></a>5. Yacc reference</H2>
+
+
+This section describes how to use write parsers in PLY.
+
+<H3><a name="ply_nn24"></a>5.1 An example</H3>
+
+
+Suppose you wanted to make a grammar for simple arithmetic expressions as previously described.   Here is
+how you would do it with <tt>yacc.py</tt>:
+
+<blockquote>
+<pre>
+# Yacc example
+
+import ply.yacc as yacc
+
+# Get the token map from the lexer.  This is required.
+from calclex import tokens
+
+def p_expression_plus(p):
+    'expression : expression PLUS term'
+    p[0] = p[1] + p[3]
+
+def p_expression_minus(p):
+    'expression : expression MINUS term'
+    p[0] = p[1] - p[3]
+
+def p_expression_term(p):
+    'expression : term'
+    p[0] = p[1]
+
+def p_term_times(p):
+    'term : term TIMES factor'
+    p[0] = p[1] * p[3]
+
+def p_term_div(p):
+    'term : term DIVIDE factor'
+    p[0] = p[1] / p[3]
+
+def p_term_factor(p):
+    'term : factor'
+    p[0] = p[1]
+
+def p_factor_num(p):
+    'factor : NUMBER'
+    p[0] = p[1]
+
+def p_factor_expr(p):
+    'factor : LPAREN expression RPAREN'
+    p[0] = p[2]
+
+# Error rule for syntax errors
+def p_error(p):
+    print "Syntax error in input!"
+
+# Build the parser
+yacc.yacc()
+
+# Use this if you want to build the parser using SLR instead of LALR
+# yacc.yacc(method="SLR")
+
+while 1:
+   try:
+       s = raw_input('calc > ')
+   except EOFError:
+       break
+   if not s: continue
+   result = yacc.parse(s)
+   print result
+</pre>
+</blockquote>
+
+In this example, each grammar rule is defined by a Python function where the docstring to that function contains the
+appropriate context-free grammar specification.  Each function accepts a single
+argument <tt>p</tt> that is a sequence containing the values of each grammar symbol in the corresponding rule.  The values of
+<tt>p[i]</tt> are mapped to grammar symbols as shown here:
+
+<blockquote>
+<pre>
+def p_expression_plus(p):
+    'expression : expression PLUS term'
+    #   ^            ^        ^    ^
+    #  p[0]         p[1]     p[2] p[3]
+
+    p[0] = p[1] + p[3]
+</pre>
+</blockquote>
+
+For tokens, the "value" of the corresponding <tt>p[i]</tt> is the
+<em>same</em> as the <tt>p.value</tt> attribute assigned
+in the lexer module.  For non-terminals, the value is determined by
+whatever is placed in <tt>p[0]</tt> when rules are reduced.  This
+value can be anything at all.  However, it probably most common for
+the value to be a simple Python type, a tuple, or an instance.  In this example, we
+are relying on the fact that the <tt>NUMBER</tt> token stores an integer value in its value
+field.  All of the other rules simply perform various types of integer operations and store
+the result.
+
+<P>
+Note: The use of negative indices have a special meaning in yacc---specially <tt>p[-1]</tt> does
+not have the same value as <tt>p[3]</tt> in this example.  Please see the section on "Embedded Actions" for further
+details.
+
+<p>
+The first rule defined in the yacc specification determines the starting grammar
+symbol (in this case, a rule for <tt>expression</tt> appears first).  Whenever
+the starting rule is reduced by the parser and no more input is available, parsing 
+stops and the final value is returned (this value will be whatever the top-most rule
+placed in <tt>p[0]</tt>). Note: an alternative starting symbol can be specified using the <tt>start</tt> keyword argument to
+<tt>yacc()</tt>.
+
+<p>The <tt>p_error(p)</tt> rule is defined to catch syntax errors.  See the error handling section
+below for more detail.
+
+<p>
+To build the parser, call the <tt>yacc.yacc()</tt> function.  This function
+looks at the module and attempts to construct all of the LR parsing tables for the grammar
+you have specified.   The first time <tt>yacc.yacc()</tt> is invoked, you will get a message
+such as this:
+
+<blockquote>
+<pre>
+$ python calcparse.py
+yacc: Generating LALR parsing table...  
+calc > 
+</pre>
+</blockquote>
+
+Since table construction is relatively expensive (especially for large
+grammars), the resulting parsing table is written to the current
+directory in a file called <tt>parsetab.py</tt>.  In addition, a
+debugging file called <tt>parser.out</tt> is created.  On subsequent
+executions, <tt>yacc</tt> will reload the table from
+<tt>parsetab.py</tt> unless it has detected a change in the underlying
+grammar (in which case the tables and <tt>parsetab.py</tt> file are
+regenerated).   Note: The names of parser output files can be changed if necessary.  See the notes that follow later.
+
+<p>
+If any errors are detected in your grammar specification, <tt>yacc.py</tt> will produce
+diagnostic messages and possibly raise an exception.  Some of the errors that can be detected include:
+
+<ul>
+<li>Duplicated function names (if more than one rule function have the same name in the grammar file).
+<li>Shift/reduce and reduce/reduce conflicts generated by ambiguous grammars.
+<li>Badly specified grammar rules.
+<li>Infinite recursion (rules that can never terminate).
+<li>Unused rules and tokens
+<li>Undefined rules and tokens
+</ul>
+
+The next few sections now discuss a few finer points of grammar construction.
+
+<H3><a name="ply_nn25"></a>5.2 Combining Grammar Rule Functions</H3>
+
+
+When grammar rules are similar, they can be combined into a single function.
+For example, consider the two rules in our earlier example:
+
+<blockquote>
+<pre>
+def p_expression_plus(p):
+    'expression : expression PLUS term'
+    p[0] = p[1] + p[3]
+
+def p_expression_minus(t):
+    'expression : expression MINUS term'
+    p[0] = p[1] - p[3]
+</pre>
+</blockquote>
+
+Instead of writing two functions, you might write a single function like this:
+
+<blockquote>
+<pre>
+def p_expression(p):
+    '''expression : expression PLUS term
+                  | expression MINUS term'''
+    if p[2] == '+':
+        p[0] = p[1] + p[3]
+    elif p[2] == '-':
+        p[0] = p[1] - p[3]
+</pre>
+</blockquote>
+
+In general, the doc string for any given function can contain multiple grammar rules.  So, it would
+have also been legal (although possibly confusing) to write this:
+
+<blockquote>
+<pre>
+def p_binary_operators(p):
+    '''expression : expression PLUS term
+                  | expression MINUS term
+       term       : term TIMES factor
+                  | term DIVIDE factor'''
+    if p[2] == '+':
+        p[0] = p[1] + p[3]
+    elif p[2] == '-':
+        p[0] = p[1] - p[3]
+    elif p[2] == '*':
+        p[0] = p[1] * p[3]
+    elif p[2] == '/':
+        p[0] = p[1] / p[3]
+</pre>
+</blockquote>
+
+When combining grammar rules into a single function, it is usually a good idea for all of the rules to have
+a similar structure (e.g., the same number of terms).  Otherwise, the corresponding action code may be more 
+complicated than necessary.  However, it is possible to handle simple cases using len().  For example:
+
+<blockquote>
+<pre>
+def p_expressions(p):
+    '''expression : expression MINUS expression
+                  | MINUS expression'''
+    if (len(p) == 4):
+        p[0] = p[1] - p[3]
+    elif (len(p) == 3):
+        p[0] = -p[2]
+</pre>
+</blockquote>
+
+<H3><a name="ply_nn26"></a>5.3 Character Literals</H3>
+
+
+If desired, a grammar may contain tokens defined as single character literals.   For example:
+
+<blockquote>
+<pre>
+def p_binary_operators(p):
+    '''expression : expression '+' term
+                  | expression '-' term
+       term       : term '*' factor
+                  | term '/' factor'''
+    if p[2] == '+':
+        p[0] = p[1] + p[3]
+    elif p[2] == '-':
+        p[0] = p[1] - p[3]
+    elif p[2] == '*':
+        p[0] = p[1] * p[3]
+    elif p[2] == '/':
+        p[0] = p[1] / p[3]
+</pre>
+</blockquote>
+
+A character literal must be enclosed in quotes such as <tt>'+'</tt>.  In addition, if literals are used, they must be declared in the
+corresponding <tt>lex</tt> file through the use of a special <tt>literals</tt> declaration.
+
+<blockquote>
+<pre>
+# Literals.  Should be placed in module given to lex()
+literals = ['+','-','*','/' ]
+</pre>
+</blockquote>
+
+<b>Character literals are limited to a single character</b>.  Thus, it is not legal to specify literals such as <tt>'&lt;='</tt> or <tt>'=='</tt>.  For this, use
+the normal lexing rules (e.g., define a rule such as <tt>t_EQ = r'=='</tt>).
+
+<H3><a name="ply_nn26"></a>5.4 Empty Productions</H3>
+
+
+<tt>yacc.py</tt> can handle empty productions by defining a rule like this:
+
+<blockquote>
+<pre>
+def p_empty(p):
+    'empty :'
+    pass
+</pre>
+</blockquote>
+
+Now to use the empty production, simply use 'empty' as a symbol.  For example:
+
+<blockquote>
+<pre>
+def p_optitem(p):
+    'optitem : item'
+    '        | empty'
+    ...
+</pre>
+</blockquote>
+
+Note: You can write empty rules anywhere by simply specifying an empty right hand side.  However, I personally find that
+writing an "empty" rule and using "empty" to denote an empty production is easier to read.
+
+<H3><a name="ply_nn28"></a>5.5 Changing the starting symbol</H3>
+
+
+Normally, the first rule found in a yacc specification defines the starting grammar rule (top level rule).  To change this, simply
+supply a <tt>start</tt> specifier in your file.  For example:
+
+<blockquote>
+<pre>
+start = 'foo'
+
+def p_bar(p):
+    'bar : A B'
+
+# This is the starting rule due to the start specifier above
+def p_foo(p):
+    'foo : bar X'
+...
+</pre>
+</blockquote>
+
+The use of a <tt>start</tt> specifier may be useful during debugging since you can use it to have yacc build a subset of
+a larger grammar.  For this purpose, it is also possible to specify a starting symbol as an argument to <tt>yacc()</tt>. For example:
+
+<blockquote>
+<pre>
+yacc.yacc(start='foo')
+</pre>
+</blockquote>
+
+<H3><a name="ply_nn27"></a>5.6 Dealing With Ambiguous Grammars</H3>
+
+
+The expression grammar given in the earlier example has been written in a special format to eliminate ambiguity. 
+However, in many situations, it is extremely difficult or awkward to write grammars in this format.  A
+much more natural way to express the grammar is in a more compact form like this:
+
+<blockquote>
+<pre>
+expression : expression PLUS expression
+           | expression MINUS expression
+           | expression TIMES expression
+           | expression DIVIDE expression
+           | LPAREN expression RPAREN
+           | NUMBER
+</pre>
+</blockquote>
+
+Unfortunately, this grammar specification is ambiguous.  For example, if you are parsing the string
+"3 * 4 + 5", there is no way to tell how the operators are supposed to be grouped.
+For example, does the expression mean "(3 * 4) + 5" or is it "3 * (4+5)"?
+
+<p>
+When an ambiguous grammar is given to <tt>yacc.py</tt> it will print messages about "shift/reduce conflicts" 
+or a "reduce/reduce conflicts".   A shift/reduce conflict is caused when the parser generator can't decide
+whether or not to reduce a rule or shift a symbol on the parsing stack.   For example, consider
+the string "3 * 4 + 5" and the internal parsing stack:
+
+<blockquote>
+<pre>
+Step Symbol Stack           Input Tokens            Action
+---- ---------------------  ---------------------   -------------------------------
+1    $                                3 * 4 + 5$    Shift 3
+2    $ 3                                * 4 + 5$    Reduce : expression : NUMBER
+3    $ expr                             * 4 + 5$    Shift *
+4    $ expr *                             4 + 5$    Shift 4
+5    $ expr * 4                             + 5$    Reduce: expression : NUMBER
+6    $ expr * expr                          + 5$    SHIFT/REDUCE CONFLICT ????
+</pre>
+</blockquote>
+
+In this case, when the parser reaches step 6, it has two options.  One is to reduce the
+rule <tt>expr : expr * expr</tt> on the stack.  The other option is to shift the
+token <tt>+</tt> on the stack.   Both options are perfectly legal from the rules
+of the context-free-grammar.
+
+<p>
+By default, all shift/reduce conflicts are resolved in favor of shifting.  Therefore, in the above
+example, the parser will always shift the <tt>+</tt> instead of reducing.    Although this
+strategy works in many cases (including the ambiguous if-then-else), it is not enough for arithmetic
+expressions.  In fact, in the above example, the decision to shift <tt>+</tt> is completely wrong---we should have
+reduced <tt>expr * expr</tt> since multiplication has higher mathematical precedence than addition.
+
+<p>To resolve ambiguity, especially in expression grammars, <tt>yacc.py</tt> allows individual
+tokens to be assigned a precedence level and associativity.  This is done by adding a variable
+<tt>precedence</tt> to the grammar file like this:
+
+<blockquote>
+<pre>
+precedence = (
+    ('left', 'PLUS', 'MINUS'),
+    ('left', 'TIMES', 'DIVIDE'),
+)
+</pre>
+</blockquote>
+
+This declaration specifies that <tt>PLUS</tt>/<tt>MINUS</tt> have
+the same precedence level and are left-associative and that 
+<tt>TIMES</tt>/<tt>DIVIDE</tt> have the same precedence and are left-associative. 
+Within the <tt>precedence</tt> declaration, tokens are ordered from lowest to highest precedence. Thus,
+this declaration specifies that <tt>TIMES</tt>/<tt>DIVIDE</tt> have higher
+precedence than <tt>PLUS</tt>/<tt>MINUS</tt> (since they appear later in the
+precedence specification).
+
+<p>
+The precedence specification works by associating a numerical precedence level value and associativity direction to
+the listed tokens.  For example, in the above example you get:
+
+<blockquote>
+<pre>
+PLUS      : level = 1,  assoc = 'left'
+MINUS     : level = 1,  assoc = 'left'
+TIMES     : level = 2,  assoc = 'left'
+DIVIDE    : level = 2,  assoc = 'left'
+</pre>
+</blockquote>
+
+These values are then used to attach a numerical precedence value and associativity direction 
+to each grammar rule. <em>This is always determined by looking at the precedence of the right-most terminal symbol.</em>  
+For example:
+
+<blockquote>
+<pre>
+expression : expression PLUS expression                 # level = 1, left
+           | expression MINUS expression                # level = 1, left
+           | expression TIMES expression                # level = 2, left
+           | expression DIVIDE expression               # level = 2, left
+           | LPAREN expression RPAREN                   # level = None (not specified)
+           | NUMBER                                     # level = None (not specified)
+</pre>
+</blockquote>
+
+When shift/reduce conflicts are encountered, the parser generator resolves the conflict by
+looking at the precedence rules and associativity specifiers.
+
+<p>
+<ol>
+<li>If the current token has higher precedence, it is shifted.
+<li>If the grammar rule on the stack has higher precedence, the rule is reduced.
+<li>If the current token and the grammar rule have the same precedence, the
+rule is reduced for left associativity, whereas the token is shifted for right associativity.
+<li>If nothing is known about the precedence, shift/reduce conflicts are resolved in
+favor of shifting (the default).
+</ol>
+
+For example, if "expression PLUS expression" has been parsed and the next token
+is "TIMES", the action is going to be a shift because "TIMES" has a higher precedence level than "PLUS".  On the other
+hand, if "expression TIMES expression" has been parsed and the next token is "PLUS", the action
+is going to be reduce because "PLUS" has a lower precedence than "TIMES."
+
+<p>
+When shift/reduce conflicts are resolved using the first three techniques (with the help of
+precedence rules), <tt>yacc.py</tt> will report no errors or conflicts in the grammar. 
+
+<p>
+One problem with the precedence specifier technique is that it is sometimes necessary to
+change the precedence of an operator in certain contents.  For example, consider a unary-minus operator
+in "3 + 4 * -5".  Normally, unary minus has a very high precedence--being evaluated before the multiply.
+However, in our precedence specifier, MINUS has a lower precedence than TIMES.  To deal with this,
+precedence rules can be given for fictitious tokens like this:
+
+<blockquote>
+<pre>
+precedence = (
+    ('left', 'PLUS', 'MINUS'),
+    ('left', 'TIMES', 'DIVIDE'),
+    ('right', 'UMINUS'),            # Unary minus operator
+)
+</pre>
+</blockquote>
+
+Now, in the grammar file, we can write our unary minus rule like this:
+
+<blockquote>
+<pre>
+def p_expr_uminus(p):
+    'expression : MINUS expression %prec UMINUS'
+    p[0] = -p[2]
+</pre>
+</blockquote>
+
+In this case, <tt>%prec UMINUS</tt> overrides the default rule precedence--setting it to that
+of UMINUS in the precedence specifier.
+
+<p>
+At first, the use of UMINUS in this example may appear very confusing.
+UMINUS is not an input token or a grammer rule.  Instead, you should
+think of it as the name of a special marker in the precedence table.   When you use the <tt>%prec</tt> qualifier, you're simply
+telling yacc that you want the precedence of the expression to be the same as for this special marker instead of the usual precedence.
+
+<p>
+It is also possible to specify non-associativity in the <tt>precedence</tt> table. This would
+be used when you <em>don't</em> want operations to chain together.  For example, suppose
+you wanted to support comparison operators like <tt>&lt;</tt> and <tt>&gt;</tt> but you didn't want to allow
+combinations like <tt>a &lt; b &lt; c</tt>.   To do this, simply specify a rule like this:
+
+<blockquote>
+<pre>
+precedence = (
+    ('nonassoc', 'LESSTHAN', 'GREATERTHAN'),  # Nonassociative operators
+    ('left', 'PLUS', 'MINUS'),
+    ('left', 'TIMES', 'DIVIDE'),
+    ('right', 'UMINUS'),            # Unary minus operator
+)
+</pre>
+</blockquote>
+
+<p>
+If you do this, the occurrence of input text such as <tt> a &lt; b &lt; c</tt> will result in a syntax error.  However, simple
+expressions such as <tt>a &lt; b</tt> will still be fine.
+
+<p>
+Reduce/reduce conflicts are caused when there are multiple grammar
+rules that can be applied to a given set of symbols.  This kind of
+conflict is almost always bad and is always resolved by picking the
+rule that appears first in the grammar file.   Reduce/reduce conflicts
+are almost always caused when different sets of grammar rules somehow
+generate the same set of symbols.  For example:
+
+<blockquote>
+<pre>
+assignment :  ID EQUALS NUMBER
+           |  ID EQUALS expression
+           
+expression : expression PLUS expression
+           | expression MINUS expression
+           | expression TIMES expression
+           | expression DIVIDE expression
+           | LPAREN expression RPAREN
+           | NUMBER
+</pre>
+</blockquote>
+
+In this case, a reduce/reduce conflict exists between these two rules:
+
+<blockquote>
+<pre>
+assignment  : ID EQUALS NUMBER
+expression  : NUMBER
+</pre>
+</blockquote>
+
+For example, if you wrote "a = 5", the parser can't figure out if this
+is supposed to be reduced as <tt>assignment : ID EQUALS NUMBER</tt> or
+whether it's supposed to reduce the 5 as an expression and then reduce
+the rule <tt>assignment : ID EQUALS expression</tt>.
+
+<p>
+It should be noted that reduce/reduce conflicts are notoriously difficult to spot
+simply looking at the input grammer.    To locate these, it is usually easier to look at the
+<tt>parser.out</tt> debugging file with an appropriately high level of caffeination.
+
+<H3><a name="ply_nn28"></a>5.7 The parser.out file</H3>
+
+
+Tracking down shift/reduce and reduce/reduce conflicts is one of the finer pleasures of using an LR
+parsing algorithm.  To assist in debugging, <tt>yacc.py</tt> creates a debugging file called
+'parser.out' when it generates the parsing table.   The contents of this file look like the following:
+
+<blockquote>
+<pre>
+Unused terminals:
+
+
+Grammar
+
+Rule 1     expression -> expression PLUS expression
+Rule 2     expression -> expression MINUS expression
+Rule 3     expression -> expression TIMES expression
+Rule 4     expression -> expression DIVIDE expression
+Rule 5     expression -> NUMBER
+Rule 6     expression -> LPAREN expression RPAREN
+
+Terminals, with rules where they appear
+
+TIMES                : 3
+error                : 
+MINUS                : 2
+RPAREN               : 6
+LPAREN               : 6
+DIVIDE               : 4
+PLUS                 : 1
+NUMBER               : 5
+
+Nonterminals, with rules where they appear
+
+expression           : 1 1 2 2 3 3 4 4 6 0
+
+
+Parsing method: LALR
+
+
+state 0
+
+    S' -> . expression
+    expression -> . expression PLUS expression
+    expression -> . expression MINUS expression
+    expression -> . expression TIMES expression
+    expression -> . expression DIVIDE expression
+    expression -> . NUMBER
+    expression -> . LPAREN expression RPAREN
+
+    NUMBER          shift and go to state 3
+    LPAREN          shift and go to state 2
+
+
+state 1
+
+    S' -> expression .
+    expression -> expression . PLUS expression
+    expression -> expression . MINUS expression
+    expression -> expression . TIMES expression
+    expression -> expression . DIVIDE expression
+
+    PLUS            shift and go to state 6
+    MINUS           shift and go to state 5
+    TIMES           shift and go to state 4
+    DIVIDE          shift and go to state 7
+
+
+state 2
+
+    expression -> LPAREN . expression RPAREN
+    expression -> . expression PLUS expression
+    expression -> . expression MINUS expression
+    expression -> . expression TIMES expression
+    expression -> . expression DIVIDE expression
+    expression -> . NUMBER
+    expression -> . LPAREN expression RPAREN
+
+    NUMBER          shift and go to state 3
+    LPAREN          shift and go to state 2
+
+
+state 3
+
+    expression -> NUMBER .
+
+    $               reduce using rule 5
+    PLUS            reduce using rule 5
+    MINUS           reduce using rule 5
+    TIMES           reduce using rule 5
+    DIVIDE          reduce using rule 5
+    RPAREN          reduce using rule 5
+
+
+state 4
+
+    expression -> expression TIMES . expression
+    expression -> . expression PLUS expression
+    expression -> . expression MINUS expression
+    expression -> . expression TIMES expression
+    expression -> . expression DIVIDE expression
+    expression -> . NUMBER
+    expression -> . LPAREN expression RPAREN
+
+    NUMBER          shift and go to state 3
+    LPAREN          shift and go to state 2
+
+
+state 5
+
+    expression -> expression MINUS . expression
+    expression -> . expression PLUS expression
+    expression -> . expression MINUS expression
+    expression -> . expression TIMES expression
+    expression -> . expression DIVIDE expression
+    expression -> . NUMBER
+    expression -> . LPAREN expression RPAREN
+
+    NUMBER          shift and go to state 3
+    LPAREN          shift and go to state 2
+
+
+state 6
+
+    expression -> expression PLUS . expression
+    expression -> . expression PLUS expression
+    expression -> . expression MINUS expression
+    expression -> . expression TIMES expression
+    expression -> . expression DIVIDE expression
+    expression -> . NUMBER
+    expression -> . LPAREN expression RPAREN
+
+    NUMBER          shift and go to state 3
+    LPAREN          shift and go to state 2
+
+
+state 7
+
+    expression -> expression DIVIDE . expression
+    expression -> . expression PLUS expression
+    expression -> . expression MINUS expression
+    expression -> . expression TIMES expression
+    expression -> . expression DIVIDE expression
+    expression -> . NUMBER
+    expression -> . LPAREN expression RPAREN
+
+    NUMBER          shift and go to state 3
+    LPAREN          shift and go to state 2
+
+
+state 8
+
+    expression -> LPAREN expression . RPAREN
+    expression -> expression . PLUS expression
+    expression -> expression . MINUS expression
+    expression -> expression . TIMES expression
+    expression -> expression . DIVIDE expression
+
+    RPAREN          shift and go to state 13
+    PLUS            shift and go to state 6
+    MINUS           shift and go to state 5
+    TIMES           shift and go to state 4
+    DIVIDE          shift and go to state 7
+
+
+state 9
+
+    expression -> expression TIMES expression .
+    expression -> expression . PLUS expression
+    expression -> expression . MINUS expression
+    expression -> expression . TIMES expression
+    expression -> expression . DIVIDE expression
+
+    $               reduce using rule 3
+    PLUS            reduce using rule 3
+    MINUS           reduce using rule 3
+    TIMES           reduce using rule 3
+    DIVIDE          reduce using rule 3
+    RPAREN          reduce using rule 3
+
+  ! PLUS            [ shift and go to state 6 ]
+  ! MINUS           [ shift and go to state 5 ]
+  ! TIMES           [ shift and go to state 4 ]
+  ! DIVIDE          [ shift and go to state 7 ]
+
+state 10
+
+    expression -> expression MINUS expression .
+    expression -> expression . PLUS expression
+    expression -> expression . MINUS expression
+    expression -> expression . TIMES expression
+    expression -> expression . DIVIDE expression
+
+    $               reduce using rule 2
+    PLUS            reduce using rule 2
+    MINUS           reduce using rule 2
+    RPAREN          reduce using rule 2
+    TIMES           shift and go to state 4
+    DIVIDE          shift and go to state 7
+
+  ! TIMES           [ reduce using rule 2 ]
+  ! DIVIDE          [ reduce using rule 2 ]
+  ! PLUS            [ shift and go to state 6 ]
+  ! MINUS           [ shift and go to state 5 ]
+
+state 11
+
+    expression -> expression PLUS expression .
+    expression -> expression . PLUS expression
+    expression -> expression . MINUS expression
+    expression -> expression . TIMES expression
+    expression -> expression . DIVIDE expression
+
+    $               reduce using rule 1
+    PLUS            reduce using rule 1
+    MINUS           reduce using rule 1
+    RPAREN          reduce using rule 1
+    TIMES           shift and go to state 4
+    DIVIDE          shift and go to state 7
+
+  ! TIMES           [ reduce using rule 1 ]
+  ! DIVIDE          [ reduce using rule 1 ]
+  ! PLUS            [ shift and go to state 6 ]
+  ! MINUS           [ shift and go to state 5 ]
+
+state 12
+
+    expression -> expression DIVIDE expression .
+    expression -> expression . PLUS expression
+    expression -> expression . MINUS expression
+    expression -> expression . TIMES expression
+    expression -> expression . DIVIDE expression
+
+    $               reduce using rule 4
+    PLUS            reduce using rule 4
+    MINUS           reduce using rule 4
+    TIMES           reduce using rule 4
+    DIVIDE          reduce using rule 4
+    RPAREN          reduce using rule 4
+
+  ! PLUS            [ shift and go to state 6 ]
+  ! MINUS           [ shift and go to state 5 ]
+  ! TIMES           [ shift and go to state 4 ]
+  ! DIVIDE          [ shift and go to state 7 ]
+
+state 13
+
+    expression -> LPAREN expression RPAREN .
+
+    $               reduce using rule 6
+    PLUS            reduce using rule 6
+    MINUS           reduce using rule 6
+    TIMES           reduce using rule 6
+    DIVIDE          reduce using rule 6
+    RPAREN          reduce using rule 6
+</pre>
+</blockquote>
+
+In the file, each state of the grammar is described.  Within each state the "." indicates the current
+location of the parse within any applicable grammar rules.   In addition, the actions for each valid
+input token are listed.   When a shift/reduce or reduce/reduce conflict arises, rules <em>not</em> selected
+are prefixed with an !.  For example:
+
+<blockquote>
+<pre>
+  ! TIMES           [ reduce using rule 2 ]
+  ! DIVIDE          [ reduce using rule 2 ]
+  ! PLUS            [ shift and go to state 6 ]
+  ! MINUS           [ shift and go to state 5 ]
+</pre>
+</blockquote>
+
+By looking at these rules (and with a little practice), you can usually track down the source
+of most parsing conflicts.  It should also be stressed that not all shift-reduce conflicts are
+bad.  However, the only way to be sure that they are resolved correctly is to look at <tt>parser.out</tt>.
+  
+<H3><a name="ply_nn29"></a>5.8 Syntax Error Handling</H3>
+
+
+When a syntax error occurs during parsing, the error is immediately
+detected (i.e., the parser does not read any more tokens beyond the
+source of the error).  Error recovery in LR parsers is a delicate
+topic that involves ancient rituals and black-magic.   The recovery mechanism
+provided by <tt>yacc.py</tt> is comparable to Unix yacc so you may want
+consult a book like O'Reilly's "Lex and Yacc" for some of the finer details.
+
+<p>
+When a syntax error occurs, <tt>yacc.py</tt> performs the following steps:
+
+<ol>
+<li>On the first occurrence of an error, the user-defined <tt>p_error()</tt> function
+is called with the offending token as an argument.  Afterwards, the parser enters
+an "error-recovery" mode in which it will not make future calls to <tt>p_error()</tt> until it
+has successfully shifted at least 3 tokens onto the parsing stack.
+
+<p>
+<li>If no recovery action is taken in <tt>p_error()</tt>, the offending lookahead token is replaced
+with a special <tt>error</tt> token.
+
+<p>
+<li>If the offending lookahead token is already set to <tt>error</tt>, the top item of the parsing stack is
+deleted.
+
+<p>
+<li>If the entire parsing stack is unwound, the parser enters a restart state and attempts to start
+parsing from its initial state.
+
+<p>
+<li>If a grammar rule accepts <tt>error</tt> as a token, it will be
+shifted onto the parsing stack.
+
+<p>
+<li>If the top item of the parsing stack is <tt>error</tt>, lookahead tokens will be discarded until the
+parser can successfully shift a new symbol or reduce a rule involving <tt>error</tt>.
+</ol>
+
+<H4><a name="ply_nn30"></a>5.8.1 Recovery and resynchronization with error rules</H4>
+
+
+The most well-behaved approach for handling syntax errors is to write grammar rules that include the <tt>error</tt>
+token.  For example, suppose your language had a grammar rule for a print statement like this:
+
+<blockquote>
+<pre>
+def p_statement_print(p):
+     'statement : PRINT expr SEMI'
+     ...
+</pre>
+</blockquote>
+
+To account for the possibility of a bad expression, you might write an additional grammar rule like this:
+
+<blockquote>
+<pre>
+def p_statement_print_error(p):
+     'statement : PRINT error SEMI'
+     print "Syntax error in print statement. Bad expression"
+
+</pre>
+</blockquote>
+
+In this case, the <tt>error</tt> token will match any sequence of
+tokens that might appear up to the first semicolon that is
+encountered.  Once the semicolon is reached, the rule will be
+invoked and the <tt>error</tt> token will go away.
+
+<p>
+This type of recovery is sometimes known as parser resynchronization.
+The <tt>error</tt> token acts as a wildcard for any bad input text and
+the token immediately following <tt>error</tt> acts as a
+synchronization token.
+
+<p>
+It is important to note that the <tt>error</tt> token usually does not appear as the last token
+on the right in an error rule.  For example:
+
+<blockquote>
+<pre>
+def p_statement_print_error(p):
+    'statement : PRINT error'
+    print "Syntax error in print statement. Bad expression"
+</pre>
+</blockquote>
+
+This is because the first bad token encountered will cause the rule to
+be reduced--which may make it difficult to recover if more bad tokens
+immediately follow.   
+
+<H4><a name="ply_nn31"></a>5.8.2 Panic mode recovery</H4>
+
+
+An alternative error recovery scheme is to enter a panic mode recovery in which tokens are
+discarded to a point where the parser might be able to recover in some sensible manner.
+
+<p>
+Panic mode recovery is implemented entirely in the <tt>p_error()</tt> function.  For example, this
+function starts discarding tokens until it reaches a closing '}'.  Then, it restarts the 
+parser in its initial state.
+
+<blockquote>
+<pre>
+def p_error(p):
+    print "Whoa. You are seriously hosed."
+    # Read ahead looking for a closing '}'
+    while 1:
+        tok = yacc.token()             # Get the next token
+        if not tok or tok.type == 'RBRACE': break
+    yacc.restart()
+</pre>
+</blockquote>
+
+<p>
+This function simply discards the bad token and tells the parser that the error was ok.
+
+<blockquote>
+<pre>
+def p_error(p):
+    print "Syntax error at token", p.type
+    # Just discard the token and tell the parser it's okay.
+    yacc.errok()
+</pre>
+</blockquote>
+
+<P>
+Within the <tt>p_error()</tt> function, three functions are available to control the behavior
+of the parser:
+<p>
+<ul>
+<li><tt>yacc.errok()</tt>.  This resets the parser state so it doesn't think it's in error-recovery
+mode.   This will prevent an <tt>error</tt> token from being generated and will reset the internal
+error counters so that the next syntax error will call <tt>p_error()</tt> again.
+
+<p>
+<li><tt>yacc.token()</tt>.  This returns the next token on the input stream.
+
+<p>
+<li><tt>yacc.restart()</tt>.  This discards the entire parsing stack and resets the parser
+to its initial state. 
+</ul>
+
+Note: these functions are only available when invoking <tt>p_error()</tt> and are not available
+at any other time.
+
+<p>
+To supply the next lookahead token to the parser, <tt>p_error()</tt> can return a token.  This might be
+useful if trying to synchronize on special characters.  For example:
+
+<blockquote>
+<pre>
+def p_error(p):
+    # Read ahead looking for a terminating ";"
+    while 1:
+        tok = yacc.token()             # Get the next token
+        if not tok or tok.type == 'SEMI': break
+    yacc.errok()
+
+    # Return SEMI to the parser as the next lookahead token
+    return tok  
+</pre>
+</blockquote>
+
+<H4><a name="ply_nn32"></a>5.8.3 General comments on error handling</H4>
+
+
+For normal types of languages, error recovery with error rules and resynchronization characters is probably the most reliable
+technique. This is because you can instrument the grammar to catch errors at selected places where it is relatively easy 
+to recover and continue parsing.  Panic mode recovery is really only useful in certain specialized applications where you might want
+to discard huge portions of the input text to find a valid restart point.
+
+<H3><a name="ply_nn33"></a>5.9 Line Number and Position Tracking</H3>
+
+
+<tt>yacc.py</tt> automatically tracks line numbers and positions for all of the grammar symbols and tokens it processes.  To retrieve the line
+numbers, two functions are used in grammar rules:
+
+<ul>
+<li><tt>p.lineno(num)</tt>.  Return the starting line number for symbol <em>num</em>
+<li><tt>p.linespan(num)</tt>. Return a tuple (startline,endline) with the starting and ending line number for symbol <em>num</em>.
+</ul>
+
+For example:
+
+<blockquote>
+<pre>
+def p_expression(p):
+    'expression : expression PLUS expression'
+    p.lineno(1)        # Line number of the left expression
+    p.lineno(2)        # line number of the PLUS operator
+    p.lineno(3)        # line number of the right expression
+    ...
+    start,end = p.linespan(3)    # Start,end lines of the right expression
+
+</pre>
+</blockquote>
+
+Since line numbers are managed internally by the parser, there is usually no need to modify the line
+numbers.  However, if you want to save the line numbers in a parse-tree node, you will need to make your own
+private copy.
+
+<p>
+To get positional information about where tokens were lexed, the following two functions are used:
+
+<ul>
+<li><tt>p.lexpos(num)</tt>.  Return the starting lexing position for symbol <em>num</em>
+<li><tt>p.lexspan(num)</tt>. Return a tuple (start,end) with the starting and ending positions for symbol <em>num</em>.
+</ul>
+
+For example:
+
+<blockquote>
+<pre>
+def p_expression(p):
+    'expression : expression PLUS expression'
+    p.lexpos(1)        # Lexing position of the left expression
+    p.lexpos(2)        # Lexing position of the PLUS operator
+    p.lexpos(3)        # Lexing position of the right expression
+    ...
+    start,end = p.lexspan(3)    # Start,end positions of the right expression
+</pre>
+</blockquote>
+
+Note: The <tt>lexspan()</tt> function only returns the range of values up the start of the last grammar symbol. 
+
+<H3><a name="ply_nn34"></a>5.10 AST Construction</H3>
+
+
+<tt>yacc.py</tt> provides no special functions for constructing an abstract syntax tree.  However, such
+construction is easy enough to do on your own.  Simply create a data structure for abstract syntax tree nodes
+and assign nodes to <tt>p[0]</tt> in each rule.
+
+For example:
+
+<blockquote>
+<pre>
+class Expr: pass
+
+class BinOp(Expr):
+    def __init__(self,left,op,right):
+        self.type = "binop"
+        self.left = left
+        self.right = right
+        self.op = op
+
+class Number(Expr):
+    def __init__(self,value):
+        self.type = "number"
+        self.value = value
+
+def p_expression_binop(p):
+    '''expression : expression PLUS expression
+                  | expression MINUS expression
+                  | expression TIMES expression
+                  | expression DIVIDE expression'''
+
+    p[0] = BinOp(p[1],p[2],p[3])
+
+def p_expression_group(p):
+    'expression : LPAREN expression RPAREN'
+    p[0] = p[2]
+
+def p_expression_number(p):
+    'expression : NUMBER'
+    p[0] = Number(p[1])
+</pre>
+</blockquote>
+
+To simplify tree traversal, it may make sense to pick a very generic tree structure for your parse tree nodes.
+For example:
+
+<blockquote>
+<pre>
+class Node:
+    def __init__(self,type,children=None,leaf=None):
+         self.type = type
+         if children:
+              self.children = children
+         else:
+              self.children = [ ]
+         self.leaf = leaf
+	 
+def p_expression_binop(p):
+    '''expression : expression PLUS expression
+                  | expression MINUS expression
+                  | expression TIMES expression
+                  | expression DIVIDE expression'''
+
+    p[0] = Node("binop", [p[1],p[3]], p[2])
+</pre>
+</blockquote>
+
+<H3><a name="ply_nn35"></a>5.11 Embedded Actions</H3>
+
+
+The parsing technique used by yacc only allows actions to be executed at the end of a rule.  For example,
+suppose you have a rule like this:
+
+<blockquote>
+<pre>
+def p_foo(p):
+    "foo : A B C D"
+    print "Parsed a foo", p[1],p[2],p[3],p[4]
+</pre>
+</blockquote>
+
+<p>
+In this case, the supplied action code only executes after all of the
+symbols <tt>A</tt>, <tt>B</tt>, <tt>C</tt>, and <tt>D</tt> have been
+parsed. Sometimes, however, it is useful to execute small code
+fragments during intermediate stages of parsing.  For example, suppose
+you wanted to perform some action immediately after <tt>A</tt> has
+been parsed. To do this, you can write a empty rule like this:
+
+<blockquote>
+<pre>
+def p_foo(p):
+    "foo : A seen_A B C D"
+    print "Parsed a foo", p[1],p[3],p[4],p[5]
+    print "seen_A returned", p[2]
+
+def p_seen_A(p):
+    "seen_A :"
+    print "Saw an A = ", p[-1]   # Access grammar symbol to left
+    p[0] = some_value            # Assign value to seen_A
+
+</pre>
+</blockquote>
+
+<p>
+In this example, the empty <tt>seen_A</tt> rule executes immediately
+after <tt>A</tt> is shifted onto the parsing stack.  Within this
+rule, <tt>p[-1]</tt> refers to the symbol on the stack that appears
+immediately to the left of the <tt>seen_A</tt> symbol.  In this case,
+it would be the value of <tt>A</tt> in the <tt>foo</tt> rule
+immediately above.  Like other rules, a value can be returned from an
+embedded action by simply assigning it to <tt>p[0]</tt>
+
+<p>
+The use of embedded actions can sometimes introduce extra shift/reduce conflicts.  For example,
+this grammar has no conflicts:
+
+<blockquote>
+<pre>
+def p_foo(p):
+    """foo : abcd
+           | abcx"""
+
+def p_abcd(p):
+    "abcd : A B C D"
+
+def p_abcx(p):
+    "abcx : A B C X"
+</pre>
+</blockquote>
+
+However, if you insert an embedded action into one of the rules like this,
+
+<blockquote>
+<pre>
+def p_foo(p):
+    """foo : abcd
+           | abcx"""
+
+def p_abcd(p):
+    "abcd : A B C D"
+
+def p_abcx(p):
+    "abcx : A B seen_AB C X"
+
+def p_seen_AB(p):
+    "seen_AB :"
+</pre>
+</blockquote>
+
+an extra shift-reduce conflict will be introduced.  This conflict is caused by the fact that the same symbol <tt>C</tt> appears next in 
+both the <tt>abcd</tt> and <tt>abcx</tt> rules.   The parser can either shift the symbol (<tt>abcd</tt> rule) or reduce the empty rule <tt>seen_AB</tt> (<tt>abcx</tt> rule).
+
+<p>
+A common use of embedded rules is to control other aspects of parsing
+such as scoping of local variables.  For example, if you were parsing C code, you might
+write code like this:
+
+<blockquote>
+<pre>
+def p_statements_block(p):
+    "statements: LBRACE new_scope statements RBRACE"""
+    # Action code
+    ...
+    pop_scope()        # Return to previous scope
+
+def p_new_scope(p):
+    "new_scope :"
+    # Create a new scope for local variables
+    s = new_scope()
+    push_scope(s)
+    ...
+</pre>
+</blockquote>
+
+In this case, the embedded action <tt>new_scope</tt> executes immediately after a <tt>LBRACE</tt> (<tt>{</tt>) symbol is parsed.   This might 
+adjust internal symbol tables and other aspects of the parser.  Upon completion of the rule <tt>statements_block</tt>, code might undo the operations performed in the embedded action (e.g., <tt>pop_scope()</tt>).
+
+<H3><a name="ply_nn36"></a>5.12 Yacc implementation notes</H3>
+
+
+<ul>
+<li>The default parsing method is LALR. To use SLR instead, run yacc() as follows:
+
+<blockquote>
+<pre>
+yacc.yacc(method="SLR")
+</pre>
+</blockquote>
+Note: LALR table generation takes approximately twice as long as SLR table generation.   There is no
+difference in actual parsing performance---the same code is used in both cases.   LALR is preferred when working
+with more complicated grammars since it is more powerful.
+
+<p>
+
+<li>By default, <tt>yacc.py</tt> relies on <tt>lex.py</tt> for tokenizing.  However, an alternative tokenizer
+can be supplied as follows:
+
+<blockquote>
+<pre>
+yacc.parse(lexer=x)
+</pre>
+</blockquote>
+in this case, <tt>x</tt> must be a Lexer object that minimally has a <tt>x.token()</tt> method for retrieving the next
+token.   If an input string is given to <tt>yacc.parse()</tt>, the lexer must also have an <tt>x.input()</tt> method.
+
+<p>
+<li>By default, the yacc generates tables in debugging mode (which produces the parser.out file and other output).
+To disable this, use
+
+<blockquote>
+<pre>
+yacc.yacc(debug=0)
+</pre>
+</blockquote>
+
+<p>
+<li>To change the name of the <tt>parsetab.py</tt> file,  use:
+
+<blockquote>
+<pre>
+yacc.yacc(tabmodule="foo")
+</pre>
+</blockquote>
+
+<p>
+<li>To change the directory in which the <tt>parsetab.py</tt> file (and other output files) are written, use:
+<blockquote>
+<pre>
+yacc.yacc(tabmodule="foo",outputdir="somedirectory")
+</pre>
+</blockquote>
+
+<p>
+<li>To prevent yacc from generating any kind of parser table file, use:
+<blockquote>
+<pre>
+yacc.yacc(write_tables=0)
+</pre>
+</blockquote>
+
+Note: If you disable table generation, yacc() will regenerate the parsing tables
+each time it runs (which may take awhile depending on how large your grammar is).
+
+<P>
+<li>To print copious amounts of debugging during parsing, use:
+
+<blockquote>
+<pre>
+yacc.parse(debug=1)
+</pre>
+</blockquote>
+
+<p>
+<li>To redirect the debugging output to a filename of your choosing, use:
+
+<blockquote>
+<pre>
+yacc.parse(debug=1, debugfile="debugging.out")
+</pre>
+</blockquote>
+
+<p>
+<li>The <tt>yacc.yacc()</tt> function really returns a parser object.  If you want to support multiple
+parsers in the same application, do this:
+
+<blockquote>
+<pre>
+p = yacc.yacc()
+...
+p.parse()
+</pre>
+</blockquote>
+
+Note: The function <tt>yacc.parse()</tt> is bound to the last parser that was generated.
+
+<p>
+<li>Since the generation of the LALR tables is relatively expensive, previously generated tables are
+cached and reused if possible.  The decision to regenerate the tables is determined by taking an MD5
+checksum of all grammar rules and precedence rules.  Only in the event of a mismatch are the tables regenerated.
+
+<p>
+It should be noted that table generation is reasonably efficient, even for grammars that involve around a 100 rules
+and several hundred states.  For more complex languages such as C, table generation may take 30-60 seconds on a slow
+machine.  Please be patient.
+
+<p>
+<li>Since LR parsing is driven by tables, the performance of the parser is largely independent of the
+size of the grammar.   The biggest bottlenecks will be the lexer and the complexity of the code in your grammar rules.
+</ul>
+
+<H2><a name="ply_nn37"></a>6. Parser and Lexer State Management</H2>
+
+
+In advanced parsing applications, you may want to have multiple
+parsers and lexers.  Furthermore, the parser may want to control the
+behavior of the lexer in some way.
+
+<p>
+To do this, it is important to note that both the lexer and parser are
+actually implemented as objects.   These objects are returned by the
+<tt>lex()</tt> and <tt>yacc()</tt> functions respectively.  For example:
+
+<blockquote>
+<pre>
+lexer  = lex.lex()       # Return lexer object
+parser = yacc.yacc()     # Return parser object
+</pre>
+</blockquote>
+
+To attach the lexer and parser together, make sure you use the <tt>lexer</tt> argumemnt to parse.  For example:
+
+<blockquote>
+<pre>
+parser.parse(text,lexer=lexer)
+</pre>
+</blockquote>
+
+Within lexer and parser rules, these objects are also available.  In the lexer,
+the "lexer" attribute of a token refers to the lexer object in use.  For example:
+
+<blockquote>
+<pre>
+def t_NUMBER(t):
+   r'\d+'
+   ...
+   print t.lexer           # Show lexer object
+</pre>
+</blockquote>
+
+In the parser, the "lexer" and "parser" attributes refer to the lexer
+and parser objects respectively.
+
+<blockquote>
+<pre>
+def p_expr_plus(p):
+   'expr : expr PLUS expr'
+   ...
+   print p.parser          # Show parser object
+   print p.lexer           # Show lexer object
+</pre>
+</blockquote>
+
+If necessary, arbitrary attributes can be attached to the lexer or parser object.
+For example, if you wanted to have different parsing modes, you could attach a mode
+attribute to the parser object and look at it later.
+
+<H2><a name="ply_nn38"></a>7. Using Python's Optimized Mode</H2>
+
+
+Because PLY uses information from doc-strings, parsing and lexing
+information must be gathered while running the Python interpreter in
+normal mode (i.e., not with the -O or -OO options).  However, if you
+specify optimized mode like this:
+
+<blockquote>
+<pre>
+lex.lex(optimize=1)
+yacc.yacc(optimize=1)
+</pre>
+</blockquote>
+
+then PLY can later be used when Python runs in optimized mode. To make this work,
+make sure you first run Python in normal mode.  Once the lexing and parsing tables
+have been generated the first time, run Python in optimized mode. PLY will use
+the tables without the need for doc strings.
+
+<p>
+Beware: running PLY in optimized mode disables a lot of error
+checking.  You should only do this when your project has stabilized
+and you don't need to do any debugging.
+  
+<H2><a name="ply_nn39"></a>8. Where to go from here?</H2>
+
+
+The <tt>examples</tt> directory of the PLY distribution contains several simple examples.   Please consult a
+compilers textbook for the theory and underlying implementation details or LR parsing.
+
+</body>
+</html>
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
diff --git a/chall/ply-2.2/example/BASIC/README b/chall/ply-2.2/example/BASIC/README
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..be24a30
--- /dev/null
+++ b/chall/ply-2.2/example/BASIC/README
@@ -0,0 +1,79 @@
+Inspired by a September 14, 2006 Salon article "Why Johnny Can't Code" by
+David Brin (http://www.salon.com/tech/feature/2006/09/14/basic/index.html),
+I thought that a fully working BASIC interpreter might be an interesting,
+if not questionable, PLY example.  Uh, okay, so maybe it's just a bad idea,
+but in any case, here it is.
+
+In this example, you'll find a rough implementation of 1964 Dartmouth BASIC
+as described in the manual at:
+
+   http://www.bitsavers.org/pdf/dartmouth/BASIC_Oct64.pdf
+
+See also:
+
+  http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dartmouth_BASIC
+
+This dialect is downright primitive---there are no string variables
+and no facilities for interactive input. Moreover, subroutines and functions
+are brain-dead even more than they usually are for BASIC. Of course,
+the GOTO statement is provided.
+
+Nevertheless, there are a few interesting aspects of this example:
+
+  - It illustrates a fully working interpreter including lexing, parsing,
+    and interpretation of instructions.
+ 
+  - The parser shows how to catch and report various kinds of parsing
+    errors in a more graceful way.
+
+  - The example both parses files (supplied on command line) and
+    interactive input entered line by line.
+
+  - It shows how you might represent parsed information.  In this case,
+    each BASIC statement is encoded into a Python tuple containing the
+    statement type and parameters.  These tuples are then stored in
+    a dictionary indexed by program line numbers.
+
+  - Even though it's just BASIC, the parser contains more than 80
+    rules and 150 parsing states. Thus, it's a little more meaty than
+    the calculator example.
+
+To use the example, run it as follows:
+
+   % python basic.py hello.bas
+   HELLO WORLD
+   %
+
+or use it interactively:
+
+   % python basic.py
+   [BASIC] 10 PRINT "HELLO WORLD"
+   [BASIC] 20 END
+   [BASIC] RUN
+   HELLO WORLD
+   [BASIC]
+
+The following files are defined:
+
+   basic.py         - High level script that controls everything
+   basiclex.py      - BASIC tokenizer
+   basparse.py      - BASIC parser
+   basinterp.py     - BASIC interpreter that runs parsed programs.
+
+In addition, a number of sample BASIC programs (.bas suffix) are
+provided.  These were taken out of the Dartmouth manual.
+
+Disclaimer: I haven't spent a ton of time testing this and it's likely that
+I've skimped here and there on a few finer details (e.g., strictly enforcing
+variable naming rules).  However, the interpreter seems to be able to run
+the examples in the BASIC manual.
+
+Have fun!
+
+-Dave
+
+
+
+
+
+
diff --git a/chall/ply-2.2/example/BASIC/basic.py b/chall/ply-2.2/example/BASIC/basic.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..6a2f489
--- /dev/null
+++ b/chall/ply-2.2/example/BASIC/basic.py
@@ -0,0 +1,68 @@
+# An implementation of Dartmouth BASIC (1964)
+#
+
+import sys
+sys.path.insert(0,"../..")
+
+import basiclex
+import basparse
+import basinterp
+
+# If a filename has been specified, we try to run it.
+# If a runtime error occurs, we bail out and enter
+# interactive mode below
+if len(sys.argv) == 2:
+    data = open(sys.argv[1]).read()
+    prog = basparse.parse(data)
+    if not prog: raise SystemExit
+    b = basinterp.BasicInterpreter(prog)
+    try:
+        b.run()
+        raise SystemExit
+    except RuntimeError:
+        pass
+
+else:
+    b = basinterp.BasicInterpreter({})
+
+# Interactive mode.  This incrementally adds/deletes statements
+# from the program stored in the BasicInterpreter object.  In
+# addition, special commands 'NEW','LIST',and 'RUN' are added.
+# Specifying a line number with no code deletes that line from
+# the program.
+
+while 1:
+    try:
+        line = raw_input("[BASIC] ")
+    except EOFError:
+        raise SystemExit
+    if not line: continue
+    line += "\n"
+    prog = basparse.parse(line)
+    if not prog: continue
+
+    keys = prog.keys()
+    if keys[0] > 0:
+         b.add_statements(prog)
+    else:
+         stat = prog[keys[0]]
+         if stat[0] == 'RUN':
+             try:
+                 b.run()
+             except RuntimeError:
+                 pass
+         elif stat[0] == 'LIST':
+             b.list()
+         elif stat[0] == 'BLANK':
+             b.del_line(stat[1])
+         elif stat[0] == 'NEW':
+             b.new()
+
+  
+            
+
+
+
+
+
+
diff --git a/chall/ply-2.2/example/BASIC/basiclex.py b/chall/ply-2.2/example/BASIC/basiclex.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..463ef9b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/chall/ply-2.2/example/BASIC/basiclex.py
@@ -0,0 +1,74 @@
+# An implementation of Dartmouth BASIC (1964)
+
+from ply import *
+
+keywords = (
+    'LET','READ','DATA','PRINT','GOTO','IF','THEN','FOR','NEXT','TO','STEP',
+    'END','STOP','DEF','GOSUB','DIM','REM','RETURN','RUN','LIST','NEW',
+)
+
+tokens = keywords + (
+     'EQUALS','PLUS','MINUS','TIMES','DIVIDE','POWER',
+     'LPAREN','RPAREN','LT','LE','GT','GE','NE',
+     'COMMA','SEMI', 'INTEGER','FLOAT', 'STRING',
+     'ID','NEWLINE'
+)
+
+t_ignore = ' \t'
+
+def t_REM(t):
+    r'REM .*'
+    return t
+
+def t_ID(t):
+    r'[A-Z][A-Z0-9]*'
+    if t.value in keywords:
+        t.type = t.value
+    return t
+    
+t_EQUALS  = r'='
+t_PLUS    = r'\+'
+t_MINUS   = r'-'
+t_TIMES   = r'\*'
+t_POWER   = r'\^'
+t_DIVIDE  = r'/'
+t_LPAREN  = r'\('
+t_RPAREN  = r'\)'
+t_LT      = r'<'
+t_LE      = r'<='
+t_GT      = r'>'
+t_GE      = r'>='
+t_NE      = r'<>'
+t_COMMA   = r'\,'
+t_SEMI    = r';'
+t_INTEGER = r'\d+'    
+t_FLOAT   = r'((\d*\.\d+)(E[\+-]?\d+)?|([1-9]\d*E[\+-]?\d+))'
+t_STRING  = r'\".*?\"'
+
+def t_NEWLINE(t):
+    r'\n'
+    t.lexer.lineno += 1
+    return t
+
+def t_error(t):
+    print "Illegal character", t.value[0]
+    t.lexer.skip(1)
+
+lex.lex()
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+       
+   
+  
+            
+
+
+
+
+
+
diff --git a/chall/ply-2.2/example/BASIC/basinterp.py b/chall/ply-2.2/example/BASIC/basinterp.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..0252aa3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/chall/ply-2.2/example/BASIC/basinterp.py
@@ -0,0 +1,440 @@
+# This file provides the runtime support for running a basic program
+# Assumes the program has been parsed using basparse.py
+
+import sys
+import math
+import random
+
+class BasicInterpreter:
+
+    # Initialize the interpreter. prog is a dictionary
+    # containing (line,statement) mappings
+    def __init__(self,prog):
+         self.prog = prog
+
+         self.functions = {           # Built-in function table
+             'SIN' : lambda z: math.sin(self.eval(z)),
+             'COS' : lambda z: math.cos(self.eval(z)),
+             'TAN' : lambda z: math.tan(self.eval(z)),
+             'ATN' : lambda z: math.atan(self.eval(z)),
+             'EXP' : lambda z: math.exp(self.eval(z)),
+             'ABS' : lambda z: abs(self.eval(z)),
+             'LOG' : lambda z: math.log(self.eval(z)),
+             'SQR' : lambda z: math.sqrt(self.eval(z)),
+             'INT' : lambda z: int(self.eval(z)),
+             'RND' : lambda z: random.random()
+         }
+
+    # Collect all data statements
+    def collect_data(self):
+         self.data = []
+         for lineno in self.stat:
+              if self.prog[lineno][0] == 'DATA':
+                  self.data = self.data + self.prog[lineno][1]
+         self.dc = 0                  # Initialize the data counter
+
+    # Check for end statements
+    def check_end(self):
+         has_end = 0
+         for lineno in self.stat:
+             if self.prog[lineno][0] == 'END' and not has_end:
+                  has_end = lineno
+         if not has_end:
+             print "NO END INSTRUCTION"
+             self.error = 1
+         if has_end != lineno:
+             print "END IS NOT LAST"
+             self.error = 1
+
+    # Check loops
+    def check_loops(self):
+         for pc in range(len(self.stat)):
+             lineno = self.stat[pc]
+             if self.prog[lineno][0] == 'FOR':
+                  forinst = self.prog[lineno]
+                  loopvar = forinst[1]
+                  for i in range(pc+1,len(self.stat)):
+                       if self.prog[self.stat[i]][0] == 'NEXT':
+                            nextvar = self.prog[self.stat[i]][1]
+                            if nextvar != loopvar: continue
+                            self.loopend[pc] = i
+                            break
+                  else:
+                       print "FOR WITHOUT NEXT AT LINE" % self.stat[pc]
+                       self.error = 1
+                  
+    # Evaluate an expression
+    def eval(self,expr):
+        etype = expr[0]
+        if etype == 'NUM': return expr[1]
+        elif etype == 'GROUP': return self.eval(expr[1])
+        elif etype == 'UNARY':
+             if expr[1] == '-': return -self.eval(expr[2])
+        elif etype == 'BINOP':
+             if expr[1] == '+': return self.eval(expr[2])+self.eval(expr[3])
+             elif expr[1] == '-': return self.eval(expr[2])-self.eval(expr[3])
+             elif expr[1] == '*': return self.eval(expr[2])*self.eval(expr[3])
+             elif expr[1] == '/': return float(self.eval(expr[2]))/self.eval(expr[3])
+             elif expr[1] == '^': return abs(self.eval(expr[2]))**self.eval(expr[3])
+        elif etype == 'VAR':
+             var,dim1,dim2 = expr[1]
+             if not dim1 and not dim2:
+                  if self.vars.has_key(var):
+                       return self.vars[var]
+                  else:
+                       print "UNDEFINED VARIABLE", var, "AT LINE", self.stat[self.pc]
+                       raise RuntimeError
+             # May be a list lookup or a function evaluation
+             if dim1 and not dim2:
+                if self.functions.has_key(var):
+                      # A function
+                      return self.functions[var](dim1)
+                else:
+                      # A list evaluation
+                      if self.lists.has_key(var):
+                            dim1val = self.eval(dim1)
+                            if dim1val < 1 or dim1val > len(self.lists[var]):
+                                 print "LIST INDEX OUT OF BOUNDS AT LINE", self.stat[self.pc]
+                                 raise RuntimeError
+                            return self.lists[var][dim1val-1]
+             if dim1 and dim2:
+                 if self.tables.has_key(var):
+                      dim1val = self.eval(dim1)
+                      dim2val = self.eval(dim2)
+                      if dim1val < 1 or dim1val > len(self.tables[var]) or dim2val < 1 or dim2val > len(self.tables[var][0]):
+                           print "TABLE INDEX OUT OUT BOUNDS AT LINE", self.stat[self.pc]
+                           raise RuntimeError
+                      return self.tables[var][dim1val-1][dim2val-1]
+             print "UNDEFINED VARIABLE", var, "AT LINE", self.stat[self.pc]
+             raise RuntimeError
+
+    # Evaluate a relational expression
+    def releval(self,expr):
+         etype = expr[1]
+         lhs   = self.eval(expr[2])
+         rhs   = self.eval(expr[3])
+         if etype == '<':
+             if lhs < rhs: return 1
+             else: return 0
+
+         elif etype == '<=':
+             if lhs <= rhs: return 1
+             else: return 0
+
+         elif etype == '>':
+             if lhs > rhs: return 1
+             else: return 0
+
+         elif etype == '>=':
+             if lhs >= rhs: return 1
+             else: return 0
+
+         elif etype == '=':
+             if lhs == rhs: return 1
+             else: return 0
+
+         elif etype == '<>':
+             if lhs != rhs: return 1
+             else: return 0
+
+    # Assignment
+    def assign(self,target,value):
+        var, dim1, dim2 = target
+        if not dim1 and not dim2:
+            self.vars[var] = self.eval(value)
+        elif dim1 and not dim2:
+            # List assignment
+            dim1val = self.eval(dim1)
+            if not self.lists.has_key(var):
+                 self.lists[var] = [0]*10
+
+            if dim1val > len(self.lists[var]):
+                 print "DIMENSION TOO LARGE AT LINE", self.stat[self.pc]
+                 raise RuntimeError
+            self.lists[var][dim1val-1] = self.eval(value)
+        elif dim1 and dim2:
+            dim1val = self.eval(dim1)
+            dim2val = self.eval(dim2)
+            if not self.tables.has_key(var):
+                 temp = [0]*10
+                 v = []
+                 for i in range(10): v.append(temp[:])
+                 self.tables[var] = v
+            # Variable already exists
+            if dim1val > len(self.tables[var]) or dim2val > len(self.tables[var][0]):
+                 print "DIMENSION TOO LARGE AT LINE", self.stat[self.pc]
+                 raise RuntimeError
+            self.tables[var][dim1val-1][dim2val-1] = self.eval(value)
+
+    # Change the current line number
+    def goto(self,linenum):
+         if not self.prog.has_key(linenum):
+              print "UNDEFINED LINE NUMBER %d AT LINE %d" % (linenum, self.stat[self.pc])
+              raise RuntimeError
+         self.pc = self.stat.index(linenum)
+
+    # Run it
+    def run(self):
+        self.vars   = { }            # All variables
+        self.lists  = { }            # List variables
+        self.tables = { }            # Tables
+        self.loops  = [ ]            # Currently active loops
+        self.loopend= { }            # Mapping saying where loops end
+        self.gosub  = None           # Gosub return point (if any)
+        self.error  = 0              # Indicates program error
+
+        self.stat = self.prog.keys()      # Ordered list of all line numbers
+        self.stat.sort()
+        self.pc = 0                  # Current program counter
+
+        # Processing prior to running
+
+        self.collect_data()          # Collect all of the data statements
+        self.check_end()
+        self.check_loops()
+
+        if self.error: raise RuntimeError
+
+        while 1:
+            line  = self.stat[self.pc]
+            instr = self.prog[line]
+            
+            op = instr[0]
+
+            # END and STOP statements
+            if op == 'END' or op == 'STOP':
+                 break           # We're done
+
+            # GOTO statement
+            elif op == 'GOTO':
+                 newline = instr[1]
+                 self.goto(newline)
+                 continue
+
+            # PRINT statement
+            elif op == 'PRINT':
+                 plist = instr[1]
+                 out = ""
+                 for label,val in plist:
+                     if out:
+                          out += ' '*(15 - (len(out) % 15))
+                     out += label
+                     if val:
+                          if label: out += " "
+                          eval = self.eval(val)
+                          out += str(eval)
+                 sys.stdout.write(out)
+                 end = instr[2]
+                 if not (end == ',' or end == ';'): 
+                     sys.stdout.write("\n")
+                 if end == ',': sys.stdout.write(" "*(15-(len(out) % 15)))
+                 if end == ';': sys.stdout.write(" "*(3-(len(out) % 3)))
+                     
+            # LET statement
+            elif op == 'LET':
+                 target = instr[1]
+                 value  = instr[2]
+                 self.assign(target,value)
+
+            # READ statement
+            elif op == 'READ':
+                 for target in instr[1]:
+                      if self.dc < len(self.data):
+                          value = ('NUM',self.data[self.dc])
+                          self.assign(target,value)
+                          self.dc += 1
+                      else:
+                          # No more data.  Program ends
+                          return
+            elif op == 'IF':
+                 relop = instr[1]
+                 newline = instr[2]
+                 if (self.releval(relop)):
+                     self.goto(newline)
+                     continue
+
+            elif op == 'FOR':
+                 loopvar = instr[1]
+                 initval = instr[2]
+                 finval  = instr[3]
+                 stepval = instr[4]
+              
+                 # Check to see if this is a new loop
+                 if not self.loops or self.loops[-1][0] != self.pc:
+                        # Looks like a new loop. Make the initial assignment
+                        newvalue = initval
+                        self.assign((loopvar,None,None),initval)
+                        if not stepval: stepval = ('NUM',1)
+                        stepval = self.eval(stepval)    # Evaluate step here
+                        self.loops.append((self.pc,stepval))
+                 else:
+                        # It's a repeat of the previous loop
+                        # Update the value of the loop variable according to the step
+                        stepval = ('NUM',self.loops[-1][1])
+                        newvalue = ('BINOP','+',('VAR',(loopvar,None,None)),stepval)
+
+                 if self.loops[-1][1] < 0: relop = '>='
+                 else: relop = '<='
+                 if not self.releval(('RELOP',relop,newvalue,finval)):
+                      # Loop is done. Jump to the NEXT
+                      self.pc = self.loopend[self.pc]
+                      self.loops.pop()
+                 else:
+                      self.assign((loopvar,None,None),newvalue)
+
+            elif op == 'NEXT':
+                 if not self.loops:
+                       print "NEXT WITHOUT FOR AT LINE",line
+                       return
+ 
+                 nextvar = instr[1]
+                 self.pc = self.loops[-1][0]
+                 loopinst = self.prog[self.stat[self.pc]]
+                 forvar = loopinst[1]
+                 if nextvar != forvar:
+                       print "NEXT DOESN'T MATCH FOR AT LINE", line
+                       return
+                 continue
+            elif op == 'GOSUB':
+                 newline = instr[1]
+                 if self.gosub:
+                       print "ALREADY IN A SUBROUTINE AT LINE", line
+                       return
+                 self.gosub = self.stat[self.pc]
+                 self.goto(newline)
+                 continue
+
+            elif op == 'RETURN':
+                 if not self.gosub:
+                      print "RETURN WITHOUT A GOSUB AT LINE",line
+                      return
+                 self.goto(self.gosub)
+                 self.gosub = None
+
+            elif op == 'FUNC':
+                 fname = instr[1]
+                 pname = instr[2]
+                 expr  = instr[3]
+                 def eval_func(pvalue,name=pname,self=self,expr=expr):
+                      self.assign((pname,None,None),pvalue)
+                      return self.eval(expr)
+                 self.functions[fname] = eval_func
+
+            elif op == 'DIM':
+                 for vname,x,y in instr[1]:
+                     if y == 0:
+                          # Single dimension variable
+                          self.lists[vname] = [0]*x
+                     else:
+                          # Double dimension variable
+                          temp = [0]*y
+                          v = []
+                          for i in range(x):
+                              v.append(temp[:])
+                          self.tables[vname] = v
+
+            self.pc += 1         
+
+    # Utility functions for program listing
+    def expr_str(self,expr):
+        etype = expr[0]
+        if etype == 'NUM': return str(expr[1])
+        elif etype == 'GROUP': return "(%s)" % self.expr_str(expr[1])
+        elif etype == 'UNARY':
+             if expr[1] == '-': return "-"+str(expr[2])
+        elif etype == 'BINOP':
+             return "%s %s %s" % (self.expr_str(expr[2]),expr[1],self.expr_str(expr[3]))
+        elif etype == 'VAR':
+              return self.var_str(expr[1])
+
+    def relexpr_str(self,expr):
+         return "%s %s %s" % (self.expr_str(expr[2]),expr[1],self.expr_str(expr[3]))
+
+    def var_str(self,var):
+         varname,dim1,dim2 = var
+         if not dim1 and not dim2: return varname
+         if dim1 and not dim2: return "%s(%s)" % (varname, self.expr_str(dim1))
+         return "%s(%s,%s)" % (varname, self.expr_str(dim1),self.expr_str(dim2))
+
+    # Create a program listing
+    def list(self):
+         stat = self.prog.keys()      # Ordered list of all line numbers
+         stat.sort()
+         for line in stat:
+             instr = self.prog[line]
+             op = instr[0]
+             if op in ['END','STOP','RETURN']:
+                   print line, op
+                   continue
+             elif op == 'REM':
+                   print line, instr[1]
+             elif op == 'PRINT':
+                   print line, op, 
+                   first = 1
+                   for p in instr[1]:
+                         if not first: print ",",
+                         if p[0] and p[1]: print '"%s"%s' % (p[0],self.expr_str(p[1])),
+                         elif p[1]: print self.expr_str(p[1]),
+                         else: print '"%s"' % (p[0],),
+                         first = 0
+                   if instr[2]: print instr[2]
+                   else: print
+             elif op == 'LET':
+                   print line,"LET",self.var_str(instr[1]),"=",self.expr_str(instr[2])
+             elif op == 'READ':
+                   print line,"READ",
+                   first = 1
+                   for r in instr[1]:
+                         if not first: print ",",
+                         print self.var_str(r),
+                         first = 0
+                   print ""
+             elif op == 'IF':
+                   print line,"IF %s THEN %d" % (self.relexpr_str(instr[1]),instr[2])
+             elif op == 'GOTO' or op == 'GOSUB':
+                   print line, op, instr[1]
+             elif op == 'FOR':
+                   print line,"FOR %s = %s TO %s" % (instr[1],self.expr_str(instr[2]),self.expr_str(instr[3])),
+                   if instr[4]: print "STEP %s" % (self.expr_str(instr[4])),
+                   print
+             elif op == 'NEXT':
+                   print line,"NEXT", instr[1]
+             elif op == 'FUNC':
+                   print line,"DEF %s(%s) = %s" % (instr[1],instr[2],self.expr_str(instr[3]))
+             elif op == 'DIM':
+                   print line,"DIM",
+                   first = 1
+                   for vname,x,y in instr[1]:
+                         if not first: print ",",
+                         first = 0
+                         if y == 0:
+                               print "%s(%d)" % (vname,x),
+                         else:
+                               print "%s(%d,%d)" % (vname,x,y),
+                         
+                   print 
+             elif op == 'DATA':
+                   print line,"DATA",
+                   first = 1
+                   for v in instr[1]:
+                        if not first: print ",",
+                        first = 0
+                        print v,
+                   print
+
+    # Erase the current program
+    def new(self):
+         self.prog = {}
+ 
+    # Insert statements
+    def add_statements(self,prog):
+         for line,stat in prog.items():
+              self.prog[line] = stat
+
+    # Delete a statement
+    def del_line(self,lineno):
+         try:
+             del self.prog[lineno]
+         except KeyError:
+             pass
+
diff --git a/chall/ply-2.2/example/BASIC/basparse.py b/chall/ply-2.2/example/BASIC/basparse.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..79210ad
--- /dev/null
+++ b/chall/ply-2.2/example/BASIC/basparse.py
@@ -0,0 +1,424 @@
+# An implementation of Dartmouth BASIC (1964)
+#
+
+from ply import *
+import basiclex
+
+tokens = basiclex.tokens
+
+precedence = (
+               ('left', 'PLUS','MINUS'),
+               ('left', 'TIMES','DIVIDE'),
+               ('left', 'POWER'),
+               ('right','UMINUS')
+)
+
+#### A BASIC program is a series of statements.  We represent the program as a
+#### dictionary of tuples indexed by line number.
+
+def p_program(p):
+    '''program : program statement
+               | statement'''
+
+    if len(p) == 2 and p[1]:
+       p[0] = { }
+       line,stat = p[1]
+       p[0][line] = stat
+    elif len(p) ==3:
+       p[0] = p[1]
+       if not p[0]: p[0] = { }
+       if p[2]:
+           line,stat = p[2]
+           p[0][line] = stat
+
+#### This catch-all rule is used for any catastrophic errors.  In this case,
+#### we simply return nothing
+
+def p_program_error(p):
+    '''program : error'''
+    p[0] = None
+    p.parser.error = 1
+
+#### Format of all BASIC statements. 
+
+def p_statement(p):
+    '''statement : INTEGER command NEWLINE'''
+    if isinstance(p[2],str):
+        print p[2],"AT LINE", p[1]
+        p[0] = None
+        p.parser.error = 1
+    else:
+        lineno = int(p[1])
+        p[0] = (lineno,p[2])
+
+#### Interactive statements.
+
+def p_statement_interactive(p):
+    '''statement : RUN NEWLINE
+                 | LIST NEWLINE
+                 | NEW NEWLINE'''
+    p[0] = (0, (p[1],0))
+
+#### Blank line number
+def p_statement_blank(p):
+    '''statement : INTEGER NEWLINE'''
+    p[0] = (0,('BLANK',int(p[1])))
+
+#### Error handling for malformed statements
+
+def p_statement_bad(p):
+    '''statement : INTEGER error NEWLINE'''
+    print "MALFORMED STATEMENT AT LINE", p[1]
+    p[0] = None
+    p.parser.error = 1
+
+#### Blank line
+
+def p_statement_newline(p):
+    '''statement : NEWLINE'''
+    p[0] = None
+
+#### LET statement
+
+def p_command_let(p):
+    '''command : LET variable EQUALS expr'''
+    p[0] = ('LET',p[2],p[4])
+
+def p_command_let_bad(p):
+    '''command : LET variable EQUALS error'''
+    p[0] = "BAD EXPRESSION IN LET"
+
+#### READ statement
+
+def p_command_read(p):
+    '''command : READ varlist'''
+    p[0] = ('READ',p[2])
+
+def p_command_read_bad(p):
+    '''command : READ error'''
+    p[0] = "MALFORMED VARIABLE LIST IN READ"
+
+#### DATA statement
+
+def p_command_data(p):
+    '''command : DATA numlist'''
+    p[0] = ('DATA',p[2])
+
+def p_command_data_bad(p):
+    '''command : DATA error'''
+    p[0] = "MALFORMED NUMBER LIST IN DATA"
+
+#### PRINT statement
+
+def p_command_print(p):
+    '''command : PRINT plist optend'''
+    p[0] = ('PRINT',p[2],p[3])
+
+def p_command_print_bad(p):
+    '''command : PRINT error'''
+    p[0] = "MALFORMED PRINT STATEMENT"
+
+#### Optional ending on PRINT. Either a comma (,) or semicolon (;)
+
+def p_optend(p):
+    '''optend : COMMA 
+              | SEMI
+              |'''
+    if len(p)  == 2:
+         p[0] = p[1]
+    else:
+         p[0] = None
+
+#### PRINT statement with no arguments
+
+def p_command_print_empty(p):
+    '''command : PRINT'''
+    p[0] = ('PRINT',[],None)
+
+#### GOTO statement
+
+def p_command_goto(p):
+    '''command : GOTO INTEGER'''
+    p[0] = ('GOTO',int(p[2]))
+
+def p_command_goto_bad(p):
+    '''command : GOTO error'''
+    p[0] = "INVALID LINE NUMBER IN GOTO"
+
+#### IF-THEN statement
+
+def p_command_if(p):
+    '''command : IF relexpr THEN INTEGER'''
+    p[0] = ('IF',p[2],int(p[4]))
+
+def p_command_if_bad(p):
+    '''command : IF error THEN INTEGER'''
+    p[0] = "BAD RELATIONAL EXPRESSION"
+
+def p_command_if_bad2(p):
+    '''command : IF relexpr THEN error'''
+    p[0] = "INVALID LINE NUMBER IN THEN"
+
+#### FOR statement
+
+def p_command_for(p):
+    '''command : FOR ID EQUALS expr TO expr optstep'''
+    p[0] = ('FOR',p[2],p[4],p[6],p[7])
+
+def p_command_for_bad_initial(p):
+    '''command : FOR ID EQUALS error TO expr optstep'''
+    p[0] = "BAD INITIAL VALUE IN FOR STATEMENT"
+
+def p_command_for_bad_final(p):
+    '''command : FOR ID EQUALS expr TO error optstep'''
+    p[0] = "BAD FINAL VALUE IN FOR STATEMENT"
+
+def p_command_for_bad_step(p):
+    '''command : FOR ID EQUALS expr TO expr STEP error'''
+    p[0] = "MALFORMED STEP IN FOR STATEMENT"
+
+#### Optional STEP qualifier on FOR statement
+
+def p_optstep(p):
+    '''optstep : STEP expr
+               | empty'''
+    if len(p) == 3:
+       p[0] = p[2]
+    else:
+       p[0] = None
+
+#### NEXT statement
+    
+def p_command_next(p):
+    '''command : NEXT ID'''
+
+    p[0] = ('NEXT',p[2])
+
+def p_command_next_bad(p):
+    '''command : NEXT error'''
+    p[0] = "MALFORMED NEXT"
+
+#### END statement
+
+def p_command_end(p):
+    '''command : END'''
+    p[0] = ('END',)
+
+#### REM statement
+
+def p_command_rem(p):
+    '''command : REM'''
+    p[0] = ('REM',p[1])
+
+#### STOP statement
+
+def p_command_stop(p):
+    '''command : STOP'''
+    p[0] = ('STOP',)
+
+#### DEF statement
+
+def p_command_def(p):
+    '''command : DEF ID LPAREN ID RPAREN EQUALS expr'''
+    p[0] = ('FUNC',p[2],p[4],p[7])
+
+def p_command_def_bad_rhs(p):
+    '''command : DEF ID LPAREN ID RPAREN EQUALS error'''
+    p[0] = "BAD EXPRESSION IN DEF STATEMENT"
+
+def p_command_def_bad_arg(p):
+    '''command : DEF ID LPAREN error RPAREN EQUALS expr'''
+    p[0] = "BAD ARGUMENT IN DEF STATEMENT"
+
+#### GOSUB statement
+
+def p_command_gosub(p):
+    '''command : GOSUB INTEGER'''
+    p[0] = ('GOSUB',int(p[2]))
+
+def p_command_gosub_bad(p):
+    '''command : GOSUB error'''
+    p[0] = "INVALID LINE NUMBER IN GOSUB"
+
+#### RETURN statement
+
+def p_command_return(p):
+    '''command : RETURN'''
+    p[0] = ('RETURN',)
+
+#### DIM statement
+
+def p_command_dim(p):
+    '''command : DIM dimlist'''
+    p[0] = ('DIM',p[2])
+
+def p_command_dim_bad(p):
+    '''command : DIM error'''
+    p[0] = "MALFORMED VARIABLE LIST IN DIM"
+
+#### List of variables supplied to DIM statement
+
+def p_dimlist(p):
+    '''dimlist : dimlist COMMA dimitem
+               | dimitem'''
+    if len(p) == 4:
+        p[0] = p[1]
+        p[0].append(p[3])
+    else:
+        p[0] = [p[1]]
+
+#### DIM items
+
+def p_dimitem_single(p):
+    '''dimitem : ID LPAREN INTEGER RPAREN'''
+    p[0] = (p[1],eval(p[3]),0)
+
+def p_dimitem_double(p):
+    '''dimitem : ID LPAREN INTEGER COMMA INTEGER RPAREN'''
+    p[0] = (p[1],eval(p[3]),eval(p[5]))
+
+#### Arithmetic expressions
+
+def p_expr_binary(p):
+    '''expr : expr PLUS expr
+            | expr MINUS expr
+            | expr TIMES expr
+            | expr DIVIDE expr
+            | expr POWER expr'''
+
+    p[0] = ('BINOP',p[2],p[1],p[3])
+
+def p_expr_number(p):
+    '''expr : INTEGER
+            | FLOAT'''
+    p[0] = ('NUM',eval(p[1]))
+
+def p_expr_variable(p):
+    '''expr : variable'''
+    p[0] = ('VAR',p[1])
+
+def p_expr_group(p):
+    '''expr : LPAREN expr RPAREN'''
+    p[0] = ('GROUP',p[2])
+
+def p_expr_unary(p):
+    '''expr : MINUS expr %prec UMINUS'''
+    p[0] = ('UNARY','-',p[2])
+
+#### Relational expressions
+
+def p_relexpr(p):
+    '''relexpr : expr LT expr
+               | expr LE expr
+               | expr GT expr
+               | expr GE expr
+               | expr EQUALS expr
+               | expr NE expr'''
+    p[0] = ('RELOP',p[2],p[1],p[3])
+
+#### Variables
+
+def p_variable(p):
+    '''variable : ID
+              | ID LPAREN expr RPAREN
+              | ID LPAREN expr COMMA expr RPAREN'''
+    if len(p) == 2:
+       p[0] = (p[1],None,None)
+    elif len(p) == 5:
+       p[0] = (p[1],p[3],None)
+    else:
+       p[0] = (p[1],p[3],p[5])
+
+#### Builds a list of variable targets as a Python list
+
+def p_varlist(p):
+    '''varlist : varlist COMMA variable
+               | variable'''
+    if len(p) > 2:
+       p[0] = p[1]
+       p[0].append(p[3])
+    else:
+       p[0] = [p[1]]
+
+
+#### Builds a list of numbers as a Python list
+
+def p_numlist(p):
+    '''numlist : numlist COMMA number
+               | number'''
+
+    if len(p) > 2:
+       p[0] = p[1]
+       p[0].append(p[3])
+    else:
+       p[0] = [p[1]]
+
+#### A number. May be an integer or a float
+
+def p_number(p):
+    '''number  : INTEGER
+               | FLOAT'''
+    p[0] = eval(p[1])
+
+#### A signed number.
+
+def p_number_signed(p):
+    '''number  : MINUS INTEGER
+               | MINUS FLOAT'''
+    p[0] = eval("-"+p[2])
+
+#### List of targets for a print statement
+#### Returns a list of tuples (label,expr)
+
+def p_plist(p):
+    '''plist   : plist COMMA pitem
+               | pitem'''
+    if len(p) > 3:
+       p[0] = p[1]
+       p[0].append(p[3])
+    else:
+       p[0] = [p[1]]
+
+def p_item_string(p):
+    '''pitem : STRING'''
+    p[0] = (p[1][1:-1],None)
+
+def p_item_string_expr(p):
+    '''pitem : STRING expr'''
+    p[0] = (p[1][1:-1],p[2])
+
+def p_item_expr(p):
+    '''pitem : expr'''
+    p[0] = ("",p[1])
+
+#### Empty
+   
+def p_empty(p):
+    '''empty : '''
+
+#### Catastrophic error handler
+def p_error(p):
+    if not p:
+        print "SYNTAX ERROR AT EOF"
+
+bparser = yacc.yacc()
+
+def parse(data):
+    bparser.error = 0
+    p = bparser.parse(data)
+    if bparser.error: return None
+    return p
+
+
+
+
+       
+   
+  
+            
+
+
+
+
+
+
diff --git a/chall/ply-2.2/example/BASIC/dim.bas b/chall/ply-2.2/example/BASIC/dim.bas
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..87bd95b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/chall/ply-2.2/example/BASIC/dim.bas
@@ -0,0 +1,14 @@
+5 DIM A(50,15)
+10 FOR I = 1 TO 50
+20 FOR J = 1 TO 15
+30   LET A(I,J) = I + J
+35 REM  PRINT I,J, A(I,J)
+40 NEXT J
+50 NEXT I
+100 FOR I = 1 TO 50
+110 FOR J = 1 TO 15
+120   PRINT A(I,J),
+130 NEXT J
+140 PRINT 
+150 NEXT I
+999 END
diff --git a/chall/ply-2.2/example/BASIC/func.bas b/chall/ply-2.2/example/BASIC/func.bas
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..447ee16
--- /dev/null
+++ b/chall/ply-2.2/example/BASIC/func.bas
@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+10 DEF FDX(X) = 2*X
+20 FOR I = 0 TO 100
+30 PRINT FDX(I)
+40 NEXT I
+50 END
diff --git a/chall/ply-2.2/example/BASIC/gcd.bas b/chall/ply-2.2/example/BASIC/gcd.bas
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..d0b7746
--- /dev/null
+++ b/chall/ply-2.2/example/BASIC/gcd.bas
@@ -0,0 +1,22 @@
+10 PRINT "A","B","C","GCD"
+20 READ A,B,C
+30 LET X = A
+40 LET Y = B
+50 GOSUB 200
+60 LET X = G
+70 LET Y = C
+80 GOSUB 200
+90 PRINT A, B, C, G
+100 GOTO 20
+110 DATA 60, 90, 120
+120 DATA 38456, 64872, 98765
+130 DATA 32, 384, 72
+200 LET Q = INT(X/Y)
+210 LET R = X - Q*Y
+220 IF R = 0 THEN 300
+230 LET X = Y
+240 LET Y = R
+250 GOTO 200
+300 LET G = Y
+310 RETURN
+999 END
diff --git a/chall/ply-2.2/example/BASIC/gosub.bas b/chall/ply-2.2/example/BASIC/gosub.bas
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..99737b1
--- /dev/null
+++ b/chall/ply-2.2/example/BASIC/gosub.bas
@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
+100 LET X = 3
+110 GOSUB 400
+120 PRINT U, V, W
+200 LET X = 5
+210 GOSUB 400
+220 LET Z = U + 2*V + 3*W
+230 PRINT Z
+240 GOTO 999
+400 LET U = X*X
+410 LET V = X*X*X
+420 LET W = X*X*X*X + X*X*X + X*X + X
+430 RETURN
+999 END
diff --git a/chall/ply-2.2/example/BASIC/hello.bas b/chall/ply-2.2/example/BASIC/hello.bas
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..cc6f0b0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/chall/ply-2.2/example/BASIC/hello.bas
@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+5  REM HELLO WORLD PROGAM
+10 PRINT "HELLO WORLD"
+99 END
+
diff --git a/chall/ply-2.2/example/BASIC/linear.bas b/chall/ply-2.2/example/BASIC/linear.bas
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..56c0822
--- /dev/null
+++ b/chall/ply-2.2/example/BASIC/linear.bas
@@ -0,0 +1,17 @@
+1  REM ::: SOLVE A SYSTEM OF LINEAR EQUATIONS
+2  REM ::: A1*X1 + A2*X2 = B1
+3  REM ::: A3*X1 + A4*X2 = B2
+4  REM --------------------------------------
+10 READ A1, A2, A3, A4
+15 LET D = A1 * A4 - A3 * A2
+20 IF D = 0 THEN 65
+30 READ B1, B2
+37 LET X1 = (B1*A4 - B2*A2) / D
+42 LET X2 = (A1*B2 - A3*B1) / D
+55 PRINT X1, X2
+60 GOTO 30
+65 PRINT "NO UNIQUE SOLUTION"
+70 DATA 1, 2, 4
+80 DATA 2, -7, 5
+85 DATA 1, 3, 4, -7
+90 END
diff --git a/chall/ply-2.2/example/BASIC/maxsin.bas b/chall/ply-2.2/example/BASIC/maxsin.bas
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..b969015
--- /dev/null
+++ b/chall/ply-2.2/example/BASIC/maxsin.bas
@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+5 PRINT "X VALUE", "SINE", "RESOLUTION"
+10 READ D
+20 LET M = -1
+30 FOR X = 0 TO 3 STEP D
+40 IF SIN(X) <= M THEN 80
+50 LET X0 = X
+60 LET M = SIN(X)
+80 NEXT X
+85 PRINT X0, M, D
+90 GOTO 10
+100 DATA .1, .01, .001
+110 END
diff --git a/chall/ply-2.2/example/BASIC/powers.bas b/chall/ply-2.2/example/BASIC/powers.bas
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..a454dc3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/chall/ply-2.2/example/BASIC/powers.bas
@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
+5 PRINT "THIS PROGRAM COMPUTES AND PRINTS THE NTH POWERS"
+6 PRINT "OF THE NUMBERS LESS THAN OR EQUAL TO N FOR VARIOUS"
+7 PRINT "N FROM 1 THROUGH 7"
+8 PRINT
+10 FOR N = 1 TO 7
+15 PRINT "N = "N
+20 FOR I = 1 TO N
+30 PRINT I^N,
+40 NEXT I
+50 PRINT
+60 PRINT
+70 NEXT N
+80 END
diff --git a/chall/ply-2.2/example/BASIC/rand.bas b/chall/ply-2.2/example/BASIC/rand.bas
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..4ff7a14
--- /dev/null
+++ b/chall/ply-2.2/example/BASIC/rand.bas
@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+10 FOR I = 1 TO 20
+20 PRINT INT(10*RND(0))
+30 NEXT I
+40 END
diff --git a/chall/ply-2.2/example/BASIC/sales.bas b/chall/ply-2.2/example/BASIC/sales.bas
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..a39aefb
--- /dev/null
+++ b/chall/ply-2.2/example/BASIC/sales.bas
@@ -0,0 +1,20 @@
+10 FOR I = 1 TO 3
+20 READ P(I)
+30 NEXT I
+40 FOR I = 1 TO 3
+50 FOR J = 1 TO 5
+60 READ S(I,J)
+70 NEXT J
+80 NEXT I
+90 FOR J = 1 TO 5
+100 LET S = 0
+110 FOR I = 1 TO 3
+120 LET S = S + P(I) * S(I,J)
+130 NEXT I
+140 PRINT "TOTAL SALES FOR SALESMAN"J, "$"S
+150 NEXT J
+200 DATA 1.25, 4.30, 2.50
+210 DATA 40, 20, 37, 29, 42
+220 DATA 10, 16, 3, 21, 8
+230 DATA 35, 47, 29, 16, 33
+300 END
diff --git a/chall/ply-2.2/example/BASIC/sears.bas b/chall/ply-2.2/example/BASIC/sears.bas
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..5ced397
--- /dev/null
+++ b/chall/ply-2.2/example/BASIC/sears.bas
@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+1 REM :: THIS PROGRAM COMPUTES HOW MANY TIMES YOU HAVE TO FOLD
+2 REM :: A PIECE OF PAPER SO THAT IT IS TALLER THAN THE
+3 REM :: SEARS TOWER.
+4 REM ::       S = HEIGHT OF TOWER (METERS)
+5 REM ::       T = THICKNESS OF PAPER (MILLIMETERS)
+10 LET S = 442
+20 LET T = 0.1
+30 REM CONVERT T TO METERS
+40 LET T = T * .001
+50 LET F = 1
+60 LET H = T
+100 IF H > S THEN 200
+120 LET H = 2 * H
+125 LET F = F + 1
+130 GOTO 100
+200 PRINT "NUMBER OF FOLDS ="F
+220 PRINT "FINAL HEIGHT    ="H
+999 END
diff --git a/chall/ply-2.2/example/BASIC/sqrt1.bas b/chall/ply-2.2/example/BASIC/sqrt1.bas
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..6673a91
--- /dev/null
+++ b/chall/ply-2.2/example/BASIC/sqrt1.bas
@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+10 LET X = 0
+20 LET X = X + 1
+30 PRINT X, SQR(X)
+40 IF X < 100 THEN 20
+50 END
diff --git a/chall/ply-2.2/example/BASIC/sqrt2.bas b/chall/ply-2.2/example/BASIC/sqrt2.bas
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..862d85e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/chall/ply-2.2/example/BASIC/sqrt2.bas
@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+10 FOR X = 1 TO 100
+20 PRINT X, SQR(X)
+30 NEXT X
+40 END
diff --git a/chall/ply-2.2/example/GardenSnake/GardenSnake.py b/chall/ply-2.2/example/GardenSnake/GardenSnake.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..2a7f45e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/chall/ply-2.2/example/GardenSnake/GardenSnake.py
@@ -0,0 +1,709 @@
+# GardenSnake - a parser generator demonstration program
+#
+# This implements a modified version of a subset of Python:
+#  - only 'def', 'return' and 'if' statements
+#  - 'if' only has 'then' clause (no elif nor else)
+#  - single-quoted strings only, content in raw format
+#  - numbers are decimal.Decimal instances (not integers or floats)
+#  - no print statment; use the built-in 'print' function
+#  - only < > == + - / * implemented (and unary + -)
+#  - assignment and tuple assignment work
+#  - no generators of any sort
+#  - no ... well, no quite a lot
+
+# Why?  I'm thinking about a new indentation-based configuration
+# language for a project and wanted to figure out how to do it.  Once
+# I got that working I needed a way to test it out.  My original AST
+# was dumb so I decided to target Python's AST and compile it into
+# Python code.  Plus, it's pretty cool that it only took a day or so
+# from sitting down with Ply to having working code.
+
+# This uses David Beazley's Ply from http://www.dabeaz.com/ply/
+
+# This work is hereby released into the Public Domain. To view a copy of
+# the public domain dedication, visit
+# http://creativecommons.org/licenses/publicdomain/ or send a letter to
+# Creative Commons, 543 Howard Street, 5th Floor, San Francisco,
+# California, 94105, USA.
+#
+# Portions of this work are derived from Python's Grammar definition
+# and may be covered under the Python copyright and license
+#
+#          Andrew Dalke / Dalke Scientific Software, LLC
+#             30 August 2006 / Cape Town, South Africa
+
+# Changelog:
+#  30 August - added link to CC license; removed the "swapcase" encoding
+
+# Modifications for inclusion in PLY distribution
+import sys
+sys.path.insert(0,"../..")
+from ply import *
+
+##### Lexer ######
+#import lex
+import decimal
+
+tokens = (
+    'DEF',
+    'IF',
+    'NAME',
+    'NUMBER',  # Python decimals
+    'STRING',  # single quoted strings only; syntax of raw strings
+    'LPAR',
+    'RPAR',
+    'COLON',
+    'EQ',
+    'ASSIGN',
+    'LT',
+    'GT',
+    'PLUS',
+    'MINUS',
+    'MULT',
+    'DIV',
+    'RETURN',
+    'WS',
+    'NEWLINE',
+    'COMMA',
+    'SEMICOLON',
+    'INDENT',
+    'DEDENT',
+    'ENDMARKER',
+    )
+
+#t_NUMBER = r'\d+'
+# taken from decmial.py but without the leading sign
+def t_NUMBER(t):
+    r"""(\d+(\.\d*)?|\.\d+)([eE][-+]? \d+)?"""
+    t.value = decimal.Decimal(t.value)
+    return t
+
+def t_STRING(t):
+    r"'([^\\']+|\\'|\\\\)*'"  # I think this is right ...
+    t.value=t.value[1:-1].decode("string-escape") # .swapcase() # for fun
+    return t
+
+t_COLON = r':'
+t_EQ = r'=='
+t_ASSIGN = r'='
+t_LT = r'<'
+t_GT = r'>'
+t_PLUS = r'\+'
+t_MINUS = r'-'
+t_MULT = r'\*'
+t_DIV = r'/'
+t_COMMA = r','
+t_SEMICOLON = r';'
+
+# Ply nicely documented how to do this.
+
+RESERVED = {
+  "def": "DEF",
+  "if": "IF",
+  "return": "RETURN",
+  }
+
+def t_NAME(t):
+    r'[a-zA-Z_][a-zA-Z0-9_]*'
+    t.type = RESERVED.get(t.value, "NAME")
+    return t
+
+# Putting this before t_WS let it consume lines with only comments in
+# them so the latter code never sees the WS part.  Not consuming the
+# newline.  Needed for "if 1: #comment"
+def t_comment(t):
+    r"[ ]*\043[^\n]*"  # \043 is '#'
+    pass
+
+
+# Whitespace
+def t_WS(t):
+    r' [ ]+ '
+    if t.lexer.at_line_start and t.lexer.paren_count == 0:
+        return t
+
+# Don't generate newline tokens when inside of parenthesis, eg
+#   a = (1,
+#        2, 3)
+def t_newline(t):
+    r'\n+'
+    t.lexer.lineno += len(t.value)
+    t.type = "NEWLINE"
+    if t.lexer.paren_count == 0:
+        return t
+
+def t_LPAR(t):
+    r'\('
+    t.lexer.paren_count += 1
+    return t
+
+def t_RPAR(t):
+    r'\)'
+    # check for underflow?  should be the job of the parser
+    t.lexer.paren_count -= 1
+    return t
+
+
+def t_error(t):
+    raise SyntaxError("Unknown symbol %r" % (t.value[0],))
+    print "Skipping", repr(t.value[0])
+    t.lexer.skip(1)
+
+## I implemented INDENT / DEDENT generation as a post-processing filter
+
+# The original lex token stream contains WS and NEWLINE characters.
+# WS will only occur before any other tokens on a line.
+
+# I have three filters.  One tags tokens by adding two attributes.
+# "must_indent" is True if the token must be indented from the
+# previous code.  The other is "at_line_start" which is True for WS
+# and the first non-WS/non-NEWLINE on a line.  It flags the check so
+# see if the new line has changed indication level.
+
+# Python's syntax has three INDENT states
+#  0) no colon hence no need to indent
+#  1) "if 1: go()" - simple statements have a COLON but no need for an indent
+#  2) "if 1:\n  go()" - complex statements have a COLON NEWLINE and must indent
+NO_INDENT = 0
+MAY_INDENT = 1
+MUST_INDENT = 2
+
+# only care about whitespace at the start of a line
+def track_tokens_filter(lexer, tokens):
+    lexer.at_line_start = at_line_start = True
+    indent = NO_INDENT
+    saw_colon = False
+    for token in tokens:
+        token.at_line_start = at_line_start
+
+        if token.type == "COLON":
+            at_line_start = False
+            indent = MAY_INDENT
+            token.must_indent = False
+            
+        elif token.type == "NEWLINE":
+            at_line_start = True
+            if indent == MAY_INDENT:
+                indent = MUST_INDENT
+            token.must_indent = False
+
+        elif token.type == "WS":
+            assert token.at_line_start == True
+            at_line_start = True
+            token.must_indent = False
+
+        else:
+            # A real token; only indent after COLON NEWLINE
+            if indent == MUST_INDENT:
+                token.must_indent = True
+            else:
+                token.must_indent = False
+            at_line_start = False
+            indent = NO_INDENT
+
+        yield token
+        lexer.at_line_start = at_line_start
+
+def _new_token(type, lineno):
+    tok = lex.LexToken()
+    tok.type = type
+    tok.value = None
+    tok.lineno = lineno
+    return tok
+
+# Synthesize a DEDENT tag
+def DEDENT(lineno):
+    return _new_token("DEDENT", lineno)
+
+# Synthesize an INDENT tag
+def INDENT(lineno):
+    return _new_token("INDENT", lineno)
+
+
+# Track the indentation level and emit the right INDENT / DEDENT events.
+def indentation_filter(tokens):
+    # A stack of indentation levels; will never pop item 0
+    levels = [0]
+    token = None
+    depth = 0
+    prev_was_ws = False
+    for token in tokens:
+##        if 1:
+##            print "Process", token,
+##            if token.at_line_start:
+##                print "at_line_start",
+##            if token.must_indent:
+##                print "must_indent",
+##            print
+                
+        # WS only occurs at the start of the line
+        # There may be WS followed by NEWLINE so
+        # only track the depth here.  Don't indent/dedent
+        # until there's something real.
+        if token.type == "WS":
+            assert depth == 0
+            depth = len(token.value)
+            prev_was_ws = True
+            # WS tokens are never passed to the parser
+            continue
+
+        if token.type == "NEWLINE":
+            depth = 0
+            if prev_was_ws or token.at_line_start:
+                # ignore blank lines
+                continue
+            # pass the other cases on through
+            yield token
+            continue
+
+        # then it must be a real token (not WS, not NEWLINE)
+        # which can affect the indentation level
+
+        prev_was_ws = False
+        if token.must_indent:
+            # The current depth must be larger than the previous level
+            if not (depth > levels[-1]):
+                raise IndentationError("expected an indented block")
+
+            levels.append(depth)
+            yield INDENT(token.lineno)
+
+        elif token.at_line_start:
+            # Must be on the same level or one of the previous levels
+            if depth == levels[-1]:
+                # At the same level
+                pass
+            elif depth > levels[-1]:
+                raise IndentationError("indentation increase but not in new block")
+            else:
+                # Back up; but only if it matches a previous level
+                try:
+                    i = levels.index(depth)
+                except ValueError:
+                    raise IndentationError("inconsistent indentation")
+                for _ in range(i+1, len(levels)):
+                    yield DEDENT(token.lineno)
+                    levels.pop()
+
+        yield token
+
+    ### Finished processing ###
+
+    # Must dedent any remaining levels
+    if len(levels) > 1:
+        assert token is not None
+        for _ in range(1, len(levels)):
+            yield DEDENT(token.lineno)
+    
+
+# The top-level filter adds an ENDMARKER, if requested.
+# Python's grammar uses it.
+def filter(lexer, add_endmarker = True):
+    token = None
+    tokens = iter(lexer.token, None)
+    tokens = track_tokens_filter(lexer, tokens)
+    for token in indentation_filter(tokens):
+        yield token
+
+    if add_endmarker:
+        lineno = 1
+        if token is not None:
+            lineno = token.lineno
+        yield _new_token("ENDMARKER", lineno)
+
+# Combine Ply and my filters into a new lexer
+
+class IndentLexer(object):
+    def __init__(self, debug=0, optimize=0, lextab='lextab', reflags=0):
+        self.lexer = lex.lex(debug=debug, optimize=optimize, lextab=lextab, reflags=reflags)
+        self.token_stream = None
+    def input(self, s, add_endmarker=True):
+        self.lexer.paren_count = 0
+        self.lexer.input(s)
+        self.token_stream = filter(self.lexer, add_endmarker)
+    def token(self):
+        try:
+            return self.token_stream.next()
+        except StopIteration:
+            return None
+
+##########   Parser (tokens -> AST) ######
+
+# also part of Ply
+#import yacc
+
+# I use the Python AST
+from compiler import ast
+
+# Helper function
+def Assign(left, right):
+    names = []
+    if isinstance(left, ast.Name):
+        # Single assignment on left
+        return ast.Assign([ast.AssName(left.name, 'OP_ASSIGN')], right)
+    elif isinstance(left, ast.Tuple):
+        # List of things - make sure they are Name nodes
+        names = []
+        for child in left.getChildren():
+            if not isinstance(child, ast.Name):
+                raise SyntaxError("that assignment not supported")
+            names.append(child.name)
+        ass_list = [ast.AssName(name, 'OP_ASSIGN') for name in names]
+        return ast.Assign([ast.AssTuple(ass_list)], right)
+    else:
+        raise SyntaxError("Can't do that yet")
+
+
+# The grammar comments come from Python's Grammar/Grammar file
+
+## NB: compound_stmt in single_input is followed by extra NEWLINE!
+# file_input: (NEWLINE | stmt)* ENDMARKER
+def p_file_input_end(p):
+    """file_input_end : file_input ENDMARKER"""
+    p[0] = ast.Stmt(p[1])
+def p_file_input(p):
+    """file_input : file_input NEWLINE
+                  | file_input stmt
+                  | NEWLINE
+                  | stmt"""
+    if isinstance(p[len(p)-1], basestring):
+        if len(p) == 3:
+            p[0] = p[1]
+        else:
+            p[0] = [] # p == 2 --> only a blank line
+    else:
+        if len(p) == 3:
+            p[0] = p[1] + p[2]
+        else:
+            p[0] = p[1]
+            
+
+# funcdef: [decorators] 'def' NAME parameters ':' suite
+# ignoring decorators
+def p_funcdef(p):
+    "funcdef : DEF NAME parameters COLON suite"
+    p[0] = ast.Function(None, p[2], tuple(p[3]), (), 0, None, p[5])
+    
+# parameters: '(' [varargslist] ')'
+def p_parameters(p):
+    """parameters : LPAR RPAR
+                  | LPAR varargslist RPAR"""
+    if len(p) == 3:
+        p[0] = []
+    else:
+        p[0] = p[2]
+    
+
+# varargslist: (fpdef ['=' test] ',')* ('*' NAME [',' '**' NAME] | '**' NAME) | 
+# highly simplified
+def p_varargslist(p):
+    """varargslist : varargslist COMMA NAME
+                   | NAME"""
+    if len(p) == 4:
+        p[0] = p[1] + p[3]
+    else:
+        p[0] = [p[1]]
+
+# stmt: simple_stmt | compound_stmt
+def p_stmt_simple(p):
+    """stmt : simple_stmt"""
+    # simple_stmt is a list
+    p[0] = p[1]
+    
+def p_stmt_compound(p):
+    """stmt : compound_stmt"""
+    p[0] = [p[1]]
+
+# simple_stmt: small_stmt (';' small_stmt)* [';'] NEWLINE
+def p_simple_stmt(p):
+    """simple_stmt : small_stmts NEWLINE
+                   | small_stmts SEMICOLON NEWLINE"""
+    p[0] = p[1]
+
+def p_small_stmts(p):
+    """small_stmts : small_stmts SEMICOLON small_stmt
+                   | small_stmt"""
+    if len(p) == 4:
+        p[0] = p[1] + [p[3]]
+    else:
+        p[0] = [p[1]]
+
+# small_stmt: expr_stmt | print_stmt  | del_stmt | pass_stmt | flow_stmt |
+#    import_stmt | global_stmt | exec_stmt | assert_stmt
+def p_small_stmt(p):
+    """small_stmt : flow_stmt
+                  | expr_stmt"""
+    p[0] = p[1]
+
+# expr_stmt: testlist (augassign (yield_expr|testlist) |
+#                      ('=' (yield_expr|testlist))*)
+# augassign: ('+=' | '-=' | '*=' | '/=' | '%=' | '&=' | '|=' | '^=' |
+#             '<<=' | '>>=' | '**=' | '//=')
+def p_expr_stmt(p):
+    """expr_stmt : testlist ASSIGN testlist
+                 | testlist """
+    if len(p) == 2:
+        # a list of expressions
+        p[0] = ast.Discard(p[1])
+    else:
+        p[0] = Assign(p[1], p[3])
+
+def p_flow_stmt(p):
+    "flow_stmt : return_stmt"
+    p[0] = p[1]
+
+# return_stmt: 'return' [testlist]
+def p_return_stmt(p):
+    "return_stmt : RETURN testlist"
+    p[0] = ast.Return(p[2])
+
+
+def p_compound_stmt(p):
+    """compound_stmt : if_stmt
+                     | funcdef"""
+    p[0] = p[1]
+
+def p_if_stmt(p):
+    'if_stmt : IF test COLON suite'
+    p[0] = ast.If([(p[2], p[4])], None)
+
+def p_suite(p):
+    """suite : simple_stmt
+             | NEWLINE INDENT stmts DEDENT"""
+    if len(p) == 2:
+        p[0] = ast.Stmt(p[1])
+    else:
+        p[0] = ast.Stmt(p[3])
+    
+
+def p_stmts(p):
+    """stmts : stmts stmt
+             | stmt"""
+    if len(p) == 3:
+        p[0] = p[1] + p[2]
+    else:
+        p[0] = p[1]
+
+## No using Python's approach because Ply supports precedence
+
+# comparison: expr (comp_op expr)*
+# arith_expr: term (('+'|'-') term)*
+# term: factor (('*'|'/'|'%'|'//') factor)*
+# factor: ('+'|'-'|'~') factor | power
+# comp_op: '<'|'>'|'=='|'>='|'<='|'<>'|'!='|'in'|'not' 'in'|'is'|'is' 'not'
+
+def make_lt_compare((left, right)):
+    return ast.Compare(left, [('<', right),])
+def make_gt_compare((left, right)):
+    return ast.Compare(left, [('>', right),])
+def make_eq_compare((left, right)):
+    return ast.Compare(left, [('==', right),])
+
+
+binary_ops = {
+    "+": ast.Add,
+    "-": ast.Sub,
+    "*": ast.Mul,
+    "/": ast.Div,
+    "<": make_lt_compare,
+    ">": make_gt_compare,
+    "==": make_eq_compare,
+}
+unary_ops = {
+    "+": ast.UnaryAdd,
+    "-": ast.UnarySub,
+    }
+precedence = (
+    ("left", "EQ", "GT", "LT"),
+    ("left", "PLUS", "MINUS"),
+    ("left", "MULT", "DIV"),
+    )
+
+def p_comparison(p):
+    """comparison : comparison PLUS comparison
+                  | comparison MINUS comparison
+                  | comparison MULT comparison
+                  | comparison DIV comparison
+                  | comparison LT comparison
+                  | comparison EQ comparison
+                  | comparison GT comparison
+                  | PLUS comparison
+                  | MINUS comparison
+                  | power"""
+    if len(p) == 4:
+        p[0] = binary_ops[p[2]]((p[1], p[3]))
+    elif len(p) == 3:
+        p[0] = unary_ops[p[1]](p[2])
+    else:
+        p[0] = p[1]
+                  
+# power: atom trailer* ['**' factor]
+# trailers enables function calls.  I only allow one level of calls
+# so this is 'trailer'
+def p_power(p):
+    """power : atom
+             | atom trailer"""
+    if len(p) == 2:
+        p[0] = p[1]
+    else:
+        if p[2][0] == "CALL":
+            p[0] = ast.CallFunc(p[1], p[2][1], None, None)
+        else:
+            raise AssertionError("not implemented")
+
+def p_atom_name(p):
+    """atom : NAME"""
+    p[0] = ast.Name(p[1])
+
+def p_atom_number(p):
+    """atom : NUMBER
+            | STRING"""
+    p[0] = ast.Const(p[1])
+
+def p_atom_tuple(p):
+    """atom : LPAR testlist RPAR"""
+    p[0] = p[2]
+
+# trailer: '(' [arglist] ')' | '[' subscriptlist ']' | '.' NAME
+def p_trailer(p):
+    "trailer : LPAR arglist RPAR"
+    p[0] = ("CALL", p[2])
+
+# testlist: test (',' test)* [',']
+# Contains shift/reduce error
+def p_testlist(p):
+    """testlist : testlist_multi COMMA
+                | testlist_multi """
+    if len(p) == 2:
+        p[0] = p[1]
+    else:
+        # May need to promote singleton to tuple
+        if isinstance(p[1], list):
+            p[0] = p[1]
+        else:
+            p[0] = [p[1]]
+    # Convert into a tuple?
+    if isinstance(p[0], list):
+        p[0] = ast.Tuple(p[0])
+
+def p_testlist_multi(p):
+    """testlist_multi : testlist_multi COMMA test
+                      | test"""
+    if len(p) == 2:
+        # singleton
+        p[0] = p[1]
+    else:
+        if isinstance(p[1], list):
+            p[0] = p[1] + [p[3]]
+        else:
+            # singleton -> tuple
+            p[0] = [p[1], p[3]]
+
+
+# test: or_test ['if' or_test 'else' test] | lambdef
+#  as I don't support 'and', 'or', and 'not' this works down to 'comparison'
+def p_test(p):
+    "test : comparison"
+    p[0] = p[1]
+    
+
+
+# arglist: (argument ',')* (argument [',']| '*' test [',' '**' test] | '**' test)
+# XXX INCOMPLETE: this doesn't allow the trailing comma
+def p_arglist(p):
+    """arglist : arglist COMMA argument
+               | argument"""
+    if len(p) == 4:
+        p[0] = p[1] + [p[3]]
+    else:
+        p[0] = [p[1]]
+
+# argument: test [gen_for] | test '=' test  # Really [keyword '='] test
+def p_argument(p):
+    "argument : test"
+    p[0] = p[1]
+
+def p_error(p):
+    #print "Error!", repr(p)
+    raise SyntaxError(p)
+
+
+class GardenSnakeParser(object):
+    def __init__(self, lexer = None):
+        if lexer is None:
+            lexer = IndentLexer()
+        self.lexer = lexer
+        self.parser = yacc.yacc(start="file_input_end")
+
+    def parse(self, code):
+        self.lexer.input(code)
+        result = self.parser.parse(lexer = self.lexer)
+        return ast.Module(None, result)
+
+
+###### Code generation ######
+    
+from compiler import misc, syntax, pycodegen
+
+class GardenSnakeCompiler(object):
+    def __init__(self):
+        self.parser = GardenSnakeParser()
+    def compile(self, code, filename="<string>"):
+        tree = self.parser.parse(code)
+        #print  tree
+        misc.set_filename(filename, tree)
+        syntax.check(tree)
+        gen = pycodegen.ModuleCodeGenerator(tree)
+        code = gen.getCode()
+        return code
+
+####### Test code #######
+    
+compile = GardenSnakeCompiler().compile
+
+code = r"""
+
+print('LET\'S TRY THIS \\OUT')
+  
+#Comment here
+def x(a):
+    print('called with',a)
+    if a == 1:
+        return 2
+    if a*2 > 10: return 999 / 4
+        # Another comment here
+
+    return a+2*3
+
+ints = (1, 2,
+   3, 4,
+5)
+print('mutiline-expression', ints)
+
+t = 4+1/3*2+6*(9-5+1)
+print('predence test; should be 34+2/3:', t, t==(34+2/3))
+
+print('numbers', 1,2,3,4,5)
+if 1:
+ 8
+ a=9
+ print(x(a))
+
+print(x(1))
+print(x(2))
+print(x(8),'3')
+print('this is decimal', 1/5)
+print('BIG DECIMAL', 1.234567891234567e12345)
+
+"""
+
+# Set up the GardenSnake run-time environment
+def print_(*args):
+    print "-->", " ".join(map(str,args))
+
+globals()["print"] = print_
+
+compiled_code = compile(code)
+
+exec compiled_code in globals()
+print "Done"
diff --git a/chall/ply-2.2/example/GardenSnake/README b/chall/ply-2.2/example/GardenSnake/README
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..4d8be2d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/chall/ply-2.2/example/GardenSnake/README
@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+This example is Andrew Dalke's GardenSnake language. It shows how to process an
+indentation-like language like Python.   Further details can be found here:
+
+http://dalkescientific.com/writings/diary/archive/2006/08/30/gardensnake_language.html
+
diff --git a/chall/ply-2.2/example/README b/chall/ply-2.2/example/README
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..63519b5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/chall/ply-2.2/example/README
@@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
+Simple examples:
+   calc       - Simple calculator
+   classcalc  - Simple calculate defined as a class
+   
+Complex examples
+   ansic       - ANSI C grammar from K&R
+   BASIC       - A small BASIC interpreter
+   GardenSnake - A simple python-like language
+   yply        - Converts Unix yacc files to PLY programs.
+
diff --git a/chall/ply-2.2/example/ansic/README b/chall/ply-2.2/example/ansic/README
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..e049d3b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/chall/ply-2.2/example/ansic/README
@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
+This example is incomplete.  Was going to specify an ANSI C parser.
+This is part of it.
diff --git a/chall/ply-2.2/example/ansic/clex.py b/chall/ply-2.2/example/ansic/clex.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..6b9d7e7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/chall/ply-2.2/example/ansic/clex.py
@@ -0,0 +1,164 @@
+# ----------------------------------------------------------------------
+# clex.py
+#
+# A lexer for ANSI C.
+# ----------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+import sys
+sys.path.insert(0,"../..")
+
+import ply.lex as lex
+
+# Reserved words
+reserved = (
+    'AUTO', 'BREAK', 'CASE', 'CHAR', 'CONST', 'CONTINUE', 'DEFAULT', 'DO', 'DOUBLE',
+    'ELSE', 'ENUM', 'EXTERN', 'FLOAT', 'FOR', 'GOTO', 'IF', 'INT', 'LONG', 'REGISTER',
+    'RETURN', 'SHORT', 'SIGNED', 'SIZEOF', 'STATIC', 'STRUCT', 'SWITCH', 'TYPEDEF',
+    'UNION', 'UNSIGNED', 'VOID', 'VOLATILE', 'WHILE',
+    )
+
+tokens = reserved + (
+    # Literals (identifier, integer constant, float constant, string constant, char const)
+    'ID', 'TYPEID', 'ICONST', 'FCONST', 'SCONST', 'CCONST',
+
+    # Operators (+,-,*,/,%,|,&,~,^,<<,>>, ||, &&, !, <, <=, >, >=, ==, !=)
+    'PLUS', 'MINUS', 'TIMES', 'DIVIDE', 'MOD',
+    'OR', 'AND', 'NOT', 'XOR', 'LSHIFT', 'RSHIFT',
+    'LOR', 'LAND', 'LNOT',
+    'LT', 'LE', 'GT', 'GE', 'EQ', 'NE',
+    
+    # Assignment (=, *=, /=, %=, +=, -=, <<=, >>=, &=, ^=, |=)
+    'EQUALS', 'TIMESEQUAL', 'DIVEQUAL', 'MODEQUAL', 'PLUSEQUAL', 'MINUSEQUAL',
+    'LSHIFTEQUAL','RSHIFTEQUAL', 'ANDEQUAL', 'XOREQUAL', 'OREQUAL',
+
+    # Increment/decrement (++,--)
+    'PLUSPLUS', 'MINUSMINUS',
+
+    # Structure dereference (->)
+    'ARROW',
+
+    # Conditional operator (?)
+    'CONDOP',
+    
+    # Delimeters ( ) [ ] { } , . ; :
+    'LPAREN', 'RPAREN',
+    'LBRACKET', 'RBRACKET',
+    'LBRACE', 'RBRACE',
+    'COMMA', 'PERIOD', 'SEMI', 'COLON',
+
+    # Ellipsis (...)
+    'ELLIPSIS',
+    )
+
+# Completely ignored characters
+t_ignore           = ' \t\x0c'
+
+# Newlines
+def t_NEWLINE(t):
+    r'\n+'
+    t.lexer.lineno += t.value.count("\n")
+    
+# Operators
+t_PLUS             = r'\+'
+t_MINUS            = r'-'
+t_TIMES            = r'\*'
+t_DIVIDE           = r'/'
+t_MOD              = r'%'
+t_OR               = r'\|'
+t_AND              = r'&'
+t_NOT              = r'~'
+t_XOR              = r'\^'
+t_LSHIFT           = r'<<'
+t_RSHIFT           = r'>>'
+t_LOR              = r'\|\|'
+t_LAND             = r'&&'
+t_LNOT             = r'!'
+t_LT               = r'<'
+t_GT               = r'>'
+t_LE               = r'<='
+t_GE               = r'>='
+t_EQ               = r'=='
+t_NE               = r'!='
+
+# Assignment operators
+
+t_EQUALS           = r'='
+t_TIMESEQUAL       = r'\*='
+t_DIVEQUAL         = r'/='
+t_MODEQUAL         = r'%='
+t_PLUSEQUAL        = r'\+='
+t_MINUSEQUAL       = r'-='
+t_LSHIFTEQUAL      = r'<<='
+t_RSHIFTEQUAL      = r'>>='
+t_ANDEQUAL         = r'&='
+t_OREQUAL          = r'\|='
+t_XOREQUAL         = r'^='
+
+# Increment/decrement
+t_PLUSPLUS         = r'\+\+'
+t_MINUSMINUS       = r'--'
+
+# ->
+t_ARROW            = r'->'
+
+# ?
+t_CONDOP           = r'\?'
+
+# Delimeters
+t_LPAREN           = r'\('
+t_RPAREN           = r'\)'
+t_LBRACKET         = r'\['
+t_RBRACKET         = r'\]'
+t_LBRACE           = r'\{'
+t_RBRACE           = r'\}'
+t_COMMA            = r','
+t_PERIOD           = r'\.'
+t_SEMI             = r';'
+t_COLON            = r':'
+t_ELLIPSIS         = r'\.\.\.'
+
+# Identifiers and reserved words
+
+reserved_map = { }
+for r in reserved:
+    reserved_map[r.lower()] = r
+
+def t_ID(t):
+    r'[A-Za-z_][\w_]*'
+    t.type = reserved_map.get(t.value,"ID")
+    return t
+
+# Integer literal
+t_ICONST = r'\d+([uU]|[lL]|[uU][lL]|[lL][uU])?'
+
+# Floating literal
+t_FCONST = r'((\d+)(\.\d+)(e(\+|-)?(\d+))? | (\d+)e(\+|-)?(\d+))([lL]|[fF])?'
+
+# String literal
+t_SCONST = r'\"([^\\\n]|(\\.))*?\"'
+
+# Character constant 'c' or L'c'
+t_CCONST = r'(L)?\'([^\\\n]|(\\.))*?\''
+
+# Comments
+def t_comment(t):
+    r' /\*(.|\n)*?\*/'
+    t.lineno += t.value.count('\n')
+
+# Preprocessor directive (ignored)
+def t_preprocessor(t):
+    r'\#(.)*?\n'
+    t.lineno += 1
+    
+def t_error(t):
+    print "Illegal character %s" % repr(t.value[0])
+    t.lexer.skip(1)
+    
+lexer = lex.lex(optimize=1)
+if __name__ == "__main__":
+    lex.runmain(lexer)
+
+    
+
+
+
diff --git a/chall/ply-2.2/example/ansic/cparse.py b/chall/ply-2.2/example/ansic/cparse.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..b6a0c42
--- /dev/null
+++ b/chall/ply-2.2/example/ansic/cparse.py
@@ -0,0 +1,863 @@
+# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# cparse.py
+#
+# Simple parser for ANSI C.  Based on the grammar in K&R, 2nd Ed.
+# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+import sys
+import clex
+import ply.yacc as yacc
+
+# Get the token map
+tokens = clex.tokens
+
+# translation-unit:
+
+def p_translation_unit_1(t):
+    'translation_unit : external_declaration'
+    pass
+
+def p_translation_unit_2(t):
+    'translation_unit : translation_unit external_declaration'
+    pass
+
+# external-declaration:
+
+def p_external_declaration_1(t):
+    'external_declaration : function_definition'
+    pass
+
+def p_external_declaration_2(t):
+    'external_declaration : declaration'
+    pass
+
+# function-definition:
+
+def p_function_definition_1(t):
+    'function_definition : declaration_specifiers declarator declaration_list compound_statement'
+    pass
+
+def p_function_definition_2(t):
+    'function_definition : declarator declaration_list compound_statement'
+    pass
+
+def p_function_definition_3(t):
+    'function_definition : declarator compound_statement'
+    pass
+
+def p_function_definition_4(t):
+    'function_definition : declaration_specifiers declarator compound_statement'
+    pass
+
+# declaration:
+
+def p_declaration_1(t):
+    'declaration : declaration_specifiers init_declarator_list SEMI'
+    pass
+
+def p_declaration_2(t):
+    'declaration : declaration_specifiers SEMI'
+    pass
+
+# declaration-list:
+
+def p_declaration_list_1(t):
+    'declaration_list : declaration'
+    pass
+
+def p_declaration_list_2(t):
+    'declaration_list : declaration_list declaration '
+    pass
+
+# declaration-specifiers
+def p_declaration_specifiers_1(t):
+    'declaration_specifiers : storage_class_specifier declaration_specifiers'
+    pass
+
+def p_declaration_specifiers_2(t):
+    'declaration_specifiers : type_specifier declaration_specifiers'
+    pass
+
+def p_declaration_specifiers_3(t):
+    'declaration_specifiers : type_qualifier declaration_specifiers'
+    pass
+
+def p_declaration_specifiers_4(t):
+    'declaration_specifiers : storage_class_specifier'
+    pass
+
+def p_declaration_specifiers_5(t):
+    'declaration_specifiers : type_specifier'
+    pass
+
+def p_declaration_specifiers_6(t):
+    'declaration_specifiers : type_qualifier'
+    pass
+
+# storage-class-specifier
+def p_storage_class_specifier(t):
+    '''storage_class_specifier : AUTO
+                               | REGISTER
+                               | STATIC
+                               | EXTERN
+                               | TYPEDEF
+                               '''
+    pass
+
+# type-specifier:
+def p_type_specifier(t):
+    '''type_specifier : VOID
+                      | CHAR
+                      | SHORT
+                      | INT
+                      | LONG
+                      | FLOAT
+                      | DOUBLE
+                      | SIGNED
+                      | UNSIGNED
+                      | struct_or_union_specifier
+                      | enum_specifier
+                      | TYPEID
+                      '''
+    pass
+
+# type-qualifier:
+def p_type_qualifier(t):
+    '''type_qualifier : CONST
+                      | VOLATILE'''
+    pass
+
+# struct-or-union-specifier
+
+def p_struct_or_union_specifier_1(t):
+    'struct_or_union_specifier : struct_or_union ID LBRACE struct_declaration_list RBRACE'
+    pass
+
+def p_struct_or_union_specifier_2(t):
+    'struct_or_union_specifier : struct_or_union LBRACE struct_declaration_list RBRACE'
+    pass
+
+def p_struct_or_union_specifier_3(t):
+    'struct_or_union_specifier : struct_or_union ID'
+    pass
+
+# struct-or-union:
+def p_struct_or_union(t):
+    '''struct_or_union : STRUCT
+                       | UNION
+                       '''
+    pass
+
+# struct-declaration-list:
+
+def p_struct_declaration_list_1(t):
+    'struct_declaration_list : struct_declaration'
+    pass
+
+def p_struct_declaration_list_2(t):
+    'struct_declaration_list : struct_declarator_list struct_declaration'
+    pass
+
+# init-declarator-list:
+
+def p_init_declarator_list_1(t):
+    'init_declarator_list : init_declarator'
+    pass
+
+def p_init_declarator_list_2(t):
+    'init_declarator_list : init_declarator_list COMMA init_declarator'
+    pass
+
+# init-declarator
+
+def p_init_declarator_1(t):
+    'init_declarator : declarator'
+    pass
+
+def p_init_declarator_2(t):
+    'init_declarator : declarator EQUALS initializer'
+    pass
+
+# struct-declaration:
+
+def p_struct_declaration(t):
+    'struct_declaration : specifier_qualifier_list struct_declarator_list SEMI'
+    pass
+
+# specifier-qualifier-list:
+
+def p_specifier_qualifier_list_1(t):
+    'specifier_qualifier_list : type_specifier specifier_qualifier_list'
+    pass
+
+def p_specifier_qualifier_list_2(t):
+    'specifier_qualifier_list : type_specifier'
+    pass
+
+def p_specifier_qualifier_list_3(t):
+    'specifier_qualifier_list : type_qualifier specifier_qualifier_list'
+    pass
+
+def p_specifier_qualifier_list_4(t):
+    'specifier_qualifier_list : type_qualifier'
+    pass
+
+# struct-declarator-list:
+
+def p_struct_declarator_list_1(t):
+    'struct_declarator_list : struct_declarator'
+    pass
+
+def p_struct_declarator_list_2(t):
+    'struct_declarator_list : struct_declarator_list COMMA struct_declarator'
+    pass
+
+# struct-declarator:
+
+def p_struct_declarator_1(t):
+    'struct_declarator : declarator'
+    pass
+
+def p_struct_declarator_2(t):
+    'struct_declarator : declarator COLON constant_expression'
+    pass
+
+def p_struct_declarator_3(t):
+    'struct_declarator : COLON constant_expression'
+    pass
+
+# enum-specifier:
+
+def p_enum_specifier_1(t):
+    'enum_specifier : ENUM ID LBRACE enumerator_list RBRACE'
+    pass
+
+def p_enum_specifier_2(t):
+    'enum_specifier : ENUM LBRACE enumerator_list RBRACE'
+    pass
+
+def p_enum_specifier_3(t):
+    'enum_specifier : ENUM ID'
+    pass
+
+# enumerator_list:
+def p_enumerator_list_1(t):
+    'enumerator_list : enumerator'
+    pass
+
+def p_enumerator_list_2(t):
+    'enumerator_list : enumerator_list COMMA enumerator'
+    pass
+
+# enumerator:
+def p_enumerator_1(t):
+    'enumerator : ID'
+    pass
+
+def p_enumerator_2(t):
+    'enumerator : ID EQUALS constant_expression'
+    pass
+
+# declarator:
+
+def p_declarator_1(t):
+    'declarator : pointer direct_declarator'
+    pass
+
+def p_declarator_2(t):
+    'declarator : direct_declarator'
+    pass
+
+# direct-declarator:
+
+def p_direct_declarator_1(t):
+    'direct_declarator : ID'
+    pass
+
+def p_direct_declarator_2(t):
+    'direct_declarator : LPAREN declarator RPAREN'
+    pass
+
+def p_direct_declarator_3(t):
+    'direct_declarator : direct_declarator LBRACKET constant_expression_opt RBRACKET'
+    pass
+
+def p_direct_declarator_4(t):
+    'direct_declarator : direct_declarator LPAREN parameter_type_list RPAREN '
+    pass
+
+def p_direct_declarator_5(t):
+    'direct_declarator : direct_declarator LPAREN identifier_list RPAREN '
+    pass
+
+def p_direct_declarator_6(t):
+    'direct_declarator : direct_declarator LPAREN RPAREN '
+    pass
+
+# pointer:
+def p_pointer_1(t):
+    'pointer : TIMES type_qualifier_list'
+    pass
+
+def p_pointer_2(t):
+    'pointer : TIMES'
+    pass
+
+def p_pointer_3(t):
+    'pointer : TIMES type_qualifier_list pointer'
+    pass
+
+def p_pointer_4(t):
+    'pointer : TIMES pointer'
+    pass
+
+# type-qualifier-list:
+
+def p_type_qualifier_list_1(t):
+    'type_qualifier_list : type_qualifier'
+    pass
+
+def p_type_qualifier_list_2(t):
+    'type_qualifier_list : type_qualifier_list type_qualifier'
+    pass
+
+# parameter-type-list:
+
+def p_parameter_type_list_1(t):
+    'parameter_type_list : parameter_list'
+    pass
+
+def p_parameter_type_list_2(t):
+    'parameter_type_list : parameter_list COMMA ELLIPSIS'
+    pass
+
+# parameter-list:
+
+def p_parameter_list_1(t):
+    'parameter_list : parameter_declaration'
+    pass
+
+def p_parameter_list_2(t):
+    'parameter_list : parameter_list COMMA parameter_declaration'
+    pass
+
+# parameter-declaration:
+def p_parameter_declaration_1(t):
+    'parameter_declaration : declaration_specifiers declarator'
+    pass
+
+def p_parameter_declaration_2(t):
+    'parameter_declaration : declaration_specifiers abstract_declarator_opt'
+    pass
+
+# identifier-list:
+def p_identifier_list_1(t):
+    'identifier_list : ID'
+    pass
+
+def p_identifier_list_2(t):
+    'identifier_list : identifier_list COMMA ID'
+    pass
+
+# initializer:
+
+def p_initializer_1(t):
+    'initializer : assignment_expression'
+    pass
+
+def p_initializer_2(t):
+    '''initializer : LBRACE initializer_list RBRACE
+                   | LBRACE initializer_list COMMA RBRACE'''
+    pass
+
+# initializer-list:
+
+def p_initializer_list_1(t):
+    'initializer_list : initializer'
+    pass
+
+def p_initializer_list_2(t):
+    'initializer_list : initializer_list COMMA initializer'
+    pass
+
+# type-name:
+
+def p_type_name(t):
+    'type_name : specifier_qualifier_list abstract_declarator_opt'
+    pass
+
+def p_abstract_declarator_opt_1(t):
+    'abstract_declarator_opt : empty'
+    pass
+
+def p_abstract_declarator_opt_2(t):
+    'abstract_declarator_opt : abstract_declarator'
+    pass
+
+# abstract-declarator:
+
+def p_abstract_declarator_1(t):
+    'abstract_declarator : pointer '
+    pass
+
+def p_abstract_declarator_2(t):
+    'abstract_declarator : pointer direct_abstract_declarator'
+    pass
+
+def p_abstract_declarator_3(t):
+    'abstract_declarator : direct_abstract_declarator'
+    pass
+
+# direct-abstract-declarator:
+
+def p_direct_abstract_declarator_1(t):
+    'direct_abstract_declarator : LPAREN abstract_declarator RPAREN'
+    pass
+
+def p_direct_abstract_declarator_2(t):
+    'direct_abstract_declarator : direct_abstract_declarator LBRACKET constant_expression_opt RBRACKET'
+    pass
+
+def p_direct_abstract_declarator_3(t):
+    'direct_abstract_declarator : LBRACKET constant_expression_opt RBRACKET'
+    pass
+
+def p_direct_abstract_declarator_4(t):
+    'direct_abstract_declarator : direct_abstract_declarator LPAREN parameter_type_list_opt RPAREN'
+    pass
+
+def p_direct_abstract_declarator_5(t):
+    'direct_abstract_declarator : LPAREN parameter_type_list_opt RPAREN'
+    pass
+
+# Optional fields in abstract declarators
+
+def p_constant_expression_opt_1(t):
+    'constant_expression_opt : empty'
+    pass
+
+def p_constant_expression_opt_2(t):
+    'constant_expression_opt : constant_expression'
+    pass
+
+def p_parameter_type_list_opt_1(t):
+    'parameter_type_list_opt : empty'
+    pass
+
+def p_parameter_type_list_opt_2(t):
+    'parameter_type_list_opt : parameter_type_list'
+    pass
+
+# statement:
+
+def p_statement(t):
+    '''
+    statement : labeled_statement
+              | expression_statement
+              | compound_statement
+              | selection_statement
+              | iteration_statement
+              | jump_statement
+              '''
+    pass
+
+# labeled-statement:
+
+def p_labeled_statement_1(t):
+    'labeled_statement : ID COLON statement'
+    pass
+
+def p_labeled_statement_2(t):
+    'labeled_statement : CASE constant_expression COLON statement'
+    pass
+
+def p_labeled_statement_3(t):
+    'labeled_statement : DEFAULT COLON statement'
+    pass
+
+# expression-statement:
+def p_expression_statement(t):
+    'expression_statement : expression_opt SEMI'
+    pass
+
+# compound-statement:
+
+def p_compound_statement_1(t):
+    'compound_statement : LBRACE declaration_list statement_list RBRACE'
+    pass
+
+def p_compound_statement_2(t):
+    'compound_statement : LBRACE statement_list RBRACE'
+    pass
+
+def p_compound_statement_3(t):
+    'compound_statement : LBRACE declaration_list RBRACE'
+    pass
+
+def p_compound_statement_4(t):
+    'compound_statement : LBRACE RBRACE'
+    pass
+
+# statement-list:
+
+def p_statement_list_1(t):
+    'statement_list : statement'
+    pass
+
+def p_statement_list_2(t):
+    'statement_list : statement_list statement'
+    pass
+
+# selection-statement
+
+def p_selection_statement_1(t):
+    'selection_statement : IF LPAREN expression RPAREN statement'
+    pass
+
+def p_selection_statement_2(t):
+    'selection_statement : IF LPAREN expression RPAREN statement ELSE statement '
+    pass
+
+def p_selection_statement_3(t):
+    'selection_statement : SWITCH LPAREN expression RPAREN statement '
+    pass
+
+# iteration_statement:
+
+def p_iteration_statement_1(t):
+    'iteration_statement : WHILE LPAREN expression RPAREN statement'
+    pass
+
+def p_iteration_statement_2(t):
+    'iteration_statement : FOR LPAREN expression_opt SEMI expression_opt SEMI expression_opt RPAREN statement '
+    pass
+
+def p_iteration_statement_3(t):
+    'iteration_statement : DO statement WHILE LPAREN expression RPAREN SEMI'
+    pass
+
+# jump_statement:
+
+def p_jump_statement_1(t):
+    'jump_statement : GOTO ID SEMI'
+    pass
+
+def p_jump_statement_2(t):
+    'jump_statement : CONTINUE SEMI'
+    pass
+
+def p_jump_statement_3(t):
+    'jump_statement : BREAK SEMI'
+    pass
+
+def p_jump_statement_4(t):
+    'jump_statement : RETURN expression_opt SEMI'
+    pass
+
+def p_expression_opt_1(t):
+    'expression_opt : empty'
+    pass
+
+def p_expression_opt_2(t):
+    'expression_opt : expression'
+    pass
+
+# expression:
+def p_expression_1(t):
+    'expression : assignment_expression'
+    pass
+
+def p_expression_2(t):
+    'expression : expression COMMA assignment_expression'
+    pass
+
+# assigment_expression:
+def p_assignment_expression_1(t):
+    'assignment_expression : conditional_expression'
+    pass
+
+def p_assignment_expression_2(t):
+    'assignment_expression : unary_expression assignment_operator assignment_expression'
+    pass
+
+# assignment_operator:
+def p_assignment_operator(t):
+    '''
+    assignment_operator : EQUALS
+                        | TIMESEQUAL
+                        | DIVEQUAL
+                        | MODEQUAL
+                        | PLUSEQUAL
+                        | MINUSEQUAL
+                        | LSHIFTEQUAL
+                        | RSHIFTEQUAL
+                        | ANDEQUAL
+                        | OREQUAL
+                        | XOREQUAL
+                        '''
+    pass
+
+# conditional-expression
+def p_conditional_expression_1(t):
+    'conditional_expression : logical_or_expression'
+    pass
+
+def p_conditional_expression_2(t):
+    'conditional_expression : logical_or_expression CONDOP expression COLON conditional_expression '
+    pass
+
+# constant-expression
+
+def p_constant_expression(t):
+    'constant_expression : conditional_expression'
+    pass
+
+# logical-or-expression
+
+def p_logical_or_expression_1(t):
+    'logical_or_expression : logical_and_expression'
+    pass
+
+def p_logical_or_expression_2(t):
+    'logical_or_expression : logical_or_expression LOR logical_and_expression'
+    pass
+
+# logical-and-expression
+
+def p_logical_and_expression_1(t):
+    'logical_and_expression : inclusive_or_expression'
+    pass
+
+def p_logical_and_expression_2(t):
+    'logical_and_expression : logical_and_expression LAND inclusive_or_expression'
+    pass
+
+# inclusive-or-expression:
+
+def p_inclusive_or_expression_1(t):
+    'inclusive_or_expression : exclusive_or_expression'
+    pass
+
+def p_inclusive_or_expression_2(t):
+    'inclusive_or_expression : inclusive_or_expression OR exclusive_or_expression'
+    pass
+
+# exclusive-or-expression:
+
+def p_exclusive_or_expression_1(t):
+    'exclusive_or_expression :  and_expression'
+    pass
+
+def p_exclusive_or_expression_2(t):
+    'exclusive_or_expression :  exclusive_or_expression XOR and_expression'
+    pass
+
+# AND-expression
+
+def p_and_expression_1(t):
+    'and_expression : equality_expression'
+    pass
+
+def p_and_expression_2(t):
+    'and_expression : and_expression AND equality_expression'
+    pass
+
+
+# equality-expression:
+def p_equality_expression_1(t):
+    'equality_expression : relational_expression'
+    pass
+
+def p_equality_expression_2(t):
+    'equality_expression : equality_expression EQ relational_expression'
+    pass
+
+def p_equality_expression_3(t):
+    'equality_expression : equality_expression NE relational_expression'
+    pass
+
+
+# relational-expression:
+def p_relational_expression_1(t):
+    'relational_expression : shift_expression'
+    pass
+
+def p_relational_expression_2(t):
+    'relational_expression : relational_expression LT shift_expression'
+    pass
+
+def p_relational_expression_3(t):
+    'relational_expression : relational_expression GT shift_expression'
+    pass
+
+def p_relational_expression_4(t):
+    'relational_expression : relational_expression LE shift_expression'
+    pass
+
+def p_relational_expression_5(t):
+    'relational_expression : relational_expression GE shift_expression'
+    pass
+
+# shift-expression
+
+def p_shift_expression_1(t):
+    'shift_expression : additive_expression'
+    pass
+
+def p_shift_expression_2(t):
+    'shift_expression : shift_expression LSHIFT additive_expression'
+    pass
+
+def p_shift_expression_3(t):
+    'shift_expression : shift_expression RSHIFT additive_expression'
+    pass
+
+# additive-expression
+
+def p_additive_expression_1(t):
+    'additive_expression : multiplicative_expression'
+    pass
+
+def p_additive_expression_2(t):
+    'additive_expression : additive_expression PLUS multiplicative_expression'
+    pass
+
+def p_additive_expression_3(t):
+    'additive_expression : additive_expression MINUS multiplicative_expression'
+    pass
+
+# multiplicative-expression
+
+def p_multiplicative_expression_1(t):
+    'multiplicative_expression : cast_expression'
+    pass
+
+def p_multiplicative_expression_2(t):
+    'multiplicative_expression : multiplicative_expression TIMES cast_expression'
+    pass
+
+def p_multiplicative_expression_3(t):
+    'multiplicative_expression : multiplicative_expression DIVIDE cast_expression'
+    pass
+
+def p_multiplicative_expression_4(t):
+    'multiplicative_expression : multiplicative_expression MOD cast_expression'
+    pass
+
+# cast-expression:
+
+def p_cast_expression_1(t):
+    'cast_expression : unary_expression'
+    pass
+
+def p_cast_expression_2(t):
+    'cast_expression : LPAREN type_name RPAREN cast_expression'
+    pass
+
+# unary-expression:
+def p_unary_expression_1(t):
+    'unary_expression : postfix_expression'
+    pass
+
+def p_unary_expression_2(t):
+    'unary_expression : PLUSPLUS unary_expression'
+    pass
+
+def p_unary_expression_3(t):
+    'unary_expression : MINUSMINUS unary_expression'
+    pass
+
+def p_unary_expression_4(t):
+    'unary_expression : unary_operator cast_expression'
+    pass
+
+def p_unary_expression_5(t):
+    'unary_expression : SIZEOF unary_expression'
+    pass
+
+def p_unary_expression_6(t):
+    'unary_expression : SIZEOF LPAREN type_name RPAREN'
+    pass
+    
+#unary-operator
+def p_unary_operator(t):
+    '''unary_operator : AND
+                    | TIMES
+                    | PLUS 
+                    | MINUS
+                    | NOT
+                    | LNOT '''
+    pass
+
+# postfix-expression:
+def p_postfix_expression_1(t):
+    'postfix_expression : primary_expression'
+    pass
+
+def p_postfix_expression_2(t):
+    'postfix_expression : postfix_expression LBRACKET expression RBRACKET'
+    pass
+
+def p_postfix_expression_3(t):
+    'postfix_expression : postfix_expression LPAREN argument_expression_list RPAREN'
+    pass
+
+def p_postfix_expression_4(t):
+    'postfix_expression : postfix_expression LPAREN RPAREN'
+    pass
+
+def p_postfix_expression_5(t):
+    'postfix_expression : postfix_expression PERIOD ID'
+    pass
+
+def p_postfix_expression_6(t):
+    'postfix_expression : postfix_expression ARROW ID'
+    pass
+
+def p_postfix_expression_7(t):
+    'postfix_expression : postfix_expression PLUSPLUS'
+    pass
+
+def p_postfix_expression_8(t):
+    'postfix_expression : postfix_expression MINUSMINUS'
+    pass
+
+# primary-expression:
+def p_primary_expression(t):
+    '''primary_expression :  ID
+                        |  constant
+                        |  SCONST
+                        |  LPAREN expression RPAREN'''
+    pass
+
+# argument-expression-list:
+def p_argument_expression_list(t):
+    '''argument_expression_list :  assignment_expression
+                              |  argument_expression_list COMMA assignment_expression'''
+    pass
+
+# constant:
+def p_constant(t): 
+   '''constant : ICONST
+              | FCONST
+              | CCONST'''
+   pass
+
+
+def p_empty(t):
+    'empty : '
+    pass
+
+def p_error(t):
+    print "Whoa. We're hosed"
+
+import profile
+# Build the grammar
+
+yacc.yacc(method='LALR')
+
+#profile.run("yacc.yacc(method='LALR')")
+
+
+
+
diff --git a/chall/ply-2.2/example/ansic/lextab.py b/chall/ply-2.2/example/ansic/lextab.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..ce9804b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/chall/ply-2.2/example/ansic/lextab.py
@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+# lextab.py. This file automatically created by PLY (version 2.2). Don't edit!
+_lextokens    = {'SHORT': None, 'SIGNED': None, 'TIMES': None, 'TYPEID': None, 'GT': None, 'ARROW': None, 'FCONST': None, 'CONST': None, 'GE': None, 'PERIOD': None, 'SEMI': None, 'REGISTER': None, 'ENUM': None, 'SIZEOF': None, 'COMMA': None, 'RBRACE': None, 'RPAREN': None, 'RSHIFTEQUAL': None, 'LT': None, 'OREQUAL': None, 'XOREQUAL': None, 'DOUBLE': None, 'LBRACE': None, 'STRUCT': None, 'LPAREN': None, 'PLUSEQUAL': None, 'LNOT': None, 'NOT': None, 'CONDOP': None, 'LE': None, 'FLOAT': None, 'GOTO': None, 'LOR': None, 'EQ': None, 'MOD': None, 'ICONST': None, 'LONG': None, 'PLUS': None, 'DIVIDE': None, 'WHILE': None, 'UNION': None, 'CHAR': None, 'SWITCH': None, 'DO': None, 'FOR': None, 'VOID': None, 'EXTERN': None, 'RETURN': None, 'MINUSEQUAL': None, 'ELSE': None, 'ANDEQUAL': None, 'BREAK': None, 'CCONST': None, 'INT': None, 'DIVEQUAL': None, 'DEFAULT': None, 'TIMESEQUAL': None, 'MINUS': None, 'OR': None, 'CONTINUE': None, 'IF': None, 'UNSIGNED': None, 'ID': None, 'MINUSMINUS': None, 'COLON': None, 'LSHIFTEQUAL': None, 'RBRACKET': None, 'VOLATILE': None, 'CASE': None, 'PLUSPLUS': None, 'RSHIFT': None, 'MODEQUAL': None, 'LAND': None, 'AND': None, 'ELLIPSIS': None, 'STATIC': None, 'LBRACKET': None, 'LSHIFT': None, 'NE': None, 'TYPEDEF': None, 'AUTO': None, 'XOR': None, 'EQUALS': None, 'SCONST': None}
+_lexreflags   = 0
+_lexliterals  = ''
+_lexstateinfo = {'INITIAL': 'inclusive'}
+_lexstatere   = {'INITIAL': [('(?P<t_NEWLINE>\\n+)|(?P<t_ID>[A-Za-z_][\\w_]*)|(?P<t_comment> /\\*(.|\\n)*?\\*/)|(?P<t_preprocessor>\\#(.)*?\\n)|(?P<t_FCONST>((\\d+)(\\.\\d+)(e(\\+|-)?(\\d+))? | (\\d+)e(\\+|-)?(\\d+))([lL]|[fF])?)|(?P<t_ICONST>\\d+([uU]|[lL]|[uU][lL]|[lL][uU])?)|(?P<t_CCONST>(L)?\\\'([^\\\\\\n]|(\\\\.))*?\\\')|(?P<t_SCONST>\\"([^\\\\\\n]|(\\\\.))*?\\")|(?P<t_ELLIPSIS>\\.\\.\\.)|(?P<t_LOR>\\|\\|)|(?P<t_PLUSPLUS>\\+\\+)|(?P<t_TIMESEQUAL>\\*=)|(?P<t_RSHIFTEQUAL>>>=)|(?P<t_OREQUAL>\\|=)|(?P<t_PLUSEQUAL>\\+=)|(?P<t_LSHIFTEQUAL><<=)|(?P<t_RBRACKET>\\])|(?P<t_MODEQUAL>%=)|(?P<t_XOREQUAL>^=)|(?P<t_LSHIFT><<)|(?P<t_TIMES>\\*)|(?P<t_LAND>&&)|(?P<t_MINUSMINUS>--)|(?P<t_NE>!=)|(?P<t_LPAREN>\\()|(?P<t_ANDEQUAL>&=)|(?P<t_RSHIFT>>>)|(?P<t_LBRACKET>\\[)|(?P<t_LBRACE>\\{)|(?P<t_OR>\\|)|(?P<t_RBRACE>\\})|(?P<t_ARROW>->)|(?P<t_PLUS>\\+)|(?P<t_CONDOP>\\?)|(?P<t_LE><=)|(?P<t_MINUSEQUAL>-=)|(?P<t_PERIOD>\\.)|(?P<t_DIVEQUAL>/=)|(?P<t_EQ>==)|(?P<t_GE>>=)|(?P<t_RPAREN>\\))|(?P<t_XOR>\\^)|(?P<t_SEMI>;)|(?P<t_AND>&)|(?P<t_NOT>~)|(?P<t_EQUALS>=)|(?P<t_MOD>%)|(?P<t_LT><)|(?P<t_MINUS>-)|(?P<t_LNOT>!)|(?P<t_DIVIDE>/)|(?P<t_COMMA>,)|(?P<t_GT>>)|(?P<t_COLON>:)', [None, ('t_NEWLINE', 'NEWLINE'), ('t_ID', 'ID'), ('t_comment', 'comment'), None, ('t_preprocessor', 'preprocessor'), None, (None, 'FCONST'), None, None, None, None, None, None, None, None, None, None, (None, 'ICONST'), None, (None, 'CCONST'), None, None, None, (None, 'SCONST'), None, None, (None, 'ELLIPSIS'), (None, 'LOR'), (None, 'PLUSPLUS'), (None, 'TIMESEQUAL'), (None, 'RSHIFTEQUAL'), (None, 'OREQUAL'), (None, 'PLUSEQUAL'), (None, 'LSHIFTEQUAL'), (None, 'RBRACKET'), (None, 'MODEQUAL'), (None, 'XOREQUAL'), (None, 'LSHIFT'), (None, 'TIMES'), (None, 'LAND'), (None, 'MINUSMINUS'), (None, 'NE'), (None, 'LPAREN'), (None, 'ANDEQUAL'), (None, 'RSHIFT'), (None, 'LBRACKET'), (None, 'LBRACE'), (None, 'OR'), (None, 'RBRACE'), (None, 'ARROW'), (None, 'PLUS'), (None, 'CONDOP'), (None, 'LE'), (None, 'MINUSEQUAL'), (None, 'PERIOD'), (None, 'DIVEQUAL'), (None, 'EQ'), (None, 'GE'), (None, 'RPAREN'), (None, 'XOR'), (None, 'SEMI'), (None, 'AND'), (None, 'NOT'), (None, 'EQUALS'), (None, 'MOD'), (None, 'LT'), (None, 'MINUS'), (None, 'LNOT'), (None, 'DIVIDE'), (None, 'COMMA'), (None, 'GT'), (None, 'COLON')])]}
+_lexstateignore = {'INITIAL': ' \t\f'}
+_lexstateerrorf = {'INITIAL': 't_error'}
diff --git a/chall/ply-2.2/example/calc/calc.py b/chall/ply-2.2/example/calc/calc.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..5bf5d5d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/chall/ply-2.2/example/calc/calc.py
@@ -0,0 +1,105 @@
+# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# calc.py
+#
+# A simple calculator with variables.   This is from O'Reilly's
+# "Lex and Yacc", p. 63.
+# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+import sys
+sys.path.insert(0,"../..")
+
+tokens = (
+    'NAME','NUMBER',
+    )
+
+literals = ['=','+','-','*','/', '(',')']
+
+# Tokens
+
+t_NAME    = r'[a-zA-Z_][a-zA-Z0-9_]*'
+
+def t_NUMBER(t):
+    r'\d+'
+    try:
+        t.value = int(t.value)
+    except ValueError:
+        print "Integer value too large", t.value
+        t.value = 0
+    return t
+
+t_ignore = " \t"
+
+def t_newline(t):
+    r'\n+'
+    t.lexer.lineno += t.value.count("\n")
+    
+def t_error(t):
+    print "Illegal character '%s'" % t.value[0]
+    t.lexer.skip(1)
+    
+# Build the lexer
+import ply.lex as lex
+lex.lex()
+
+# Parsing rules
+
+precedence = (
+    ('left','+','-'),
+    ('left','*','/'),
+    ('right','UMINUS'),
+    )
+
+# dictionary of names
+names = { }
+
+def p_statement_assign(p):
+    'statement : NAME "=" expression'
+    names[p[1]] = p[3]
+
+def p_statement_expr(p):
+    'statement : expression'
+    print p[1]
+
+def p_expression_binop(p):
+    '''expression : expression '+' expression
+                  | expression '-' expression
+                  | expression '*' expression
+                  | expression '/' expression'''
+    if p[2] == '+'  : p[0] = p[1] + p[3]
+    elif p[2] == '-': p[0] = p[1] - p[3]
+    elif p[2] == '*': p[0] = p[1] * p[3]
+    elif p[2] == '/': p[0] = p[1] / p[3]
+
+def p_expression_uminus(p):
+    "expression : '-' expression %prec UMINUS"
+    p[0] = -p[2]
+
+def p_expression_group(p):
+    "expression : '(' expression ')'"
+    p[0] = p[2]
+
+def p_expression_number(p):
+    "expression : NUMBER"
+    p[0] = p[1]
+
+def p_expression_name(p):
+    "expression : NAME"
+    try:
+        p[0] = names[p[1]]
+    except LookupError:
+        print "Undefined name '%s'" % p[1]
+        p[0] = 0
+
+def p_error(p):
+    print "Syntax error at '%s'" % p.value
+
+import ply.yacc as yacc
+yacc.yacc()
+
+while 1:
+    try:
+        s = raw_input('calc > ')
+    except EOFError:
+        break
+    if not s: continue
+    yacc.parse(s)
diff --git a/chall/ply-2.2/example/classcalc/calc.py b/chall/ply-2.2/example/classcalc/calc.py
new file mode 100755
index 0000000..7ec09a6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/chall/ply-2.2/example/classcalc/calc.py
@@ -0,0 +1,152 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env python
+
+# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# calc.py
+#
+# A simple calculator with variables.   This is from O'Reilly's
+# "Lex and Yacc", p. 63.
+#
+# Class-based example contributed to PLY by David McNab
+# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+import sys
+sys.path.insert(0,"../..")
+
+import readline
+import ply.lex as lex
+import ply.yacc as yacc
+import os
+
+class Parser:
+    """
+    Base class for a lexer/parser that has the rules defined as methods
+    """
+    tokens = ()
+    precedence = ()
+
+    def __init__(self, **kw):
+        self.debug = kw.get('debug', 0)
+        self.names = { }
+        try:
+            modname = os.path.split(os.path.splitext(__file__)[0])[1] + "_" + self.__class__.__name__
+        except:
+            modname = "parser"+"_"+self.__class__.__name__
+        self.debugfile = modname + ".dbg"
+        self.tabmodule = modname + "_" + "parsetab"
+        #print self.debugfile, self.tabmodule
+
+        # Build the lexer and parser
+        lex.lex(module=self, debug=self.debug)
+        yacc.yacc(module=self,
+                  debug=self.debug,
+                  debugfile=self.debugfile,
+                  tabmodule=self.tabmodule)
+
+    def run(self):
+        while 1:
+            try:
+                s = raw_input('calc > ')
+            except EOFError:
+                break
+            if not s: continue
+            yacc.parse(s)
+
+    
+class Calc(Parser):
+
+    tokens = (
+        'NAME','NUMBER',
+        'PLUS','MINUS','EXP', 'TIMES','DIVIDE','EQUALS',
+        'LPAREN','RPAREN',
+        )
+
+    # Tokens
+
+    t_PLUS    = r'\+'
+    t_MINUS   = r'-'
+    t_EXP     = r'\*\*'
+    t_TIMES   = r'\*'
+    t_DIVIDE  = r'/'
+    t_EQUALS  = r'='
+    t_LPAREN  = r'\('
+    t_RPAREN  = r'\)'
+    t_NAME    = r'[a-zA-Z_][a-zA-Z0-9_]*'
+
+    def t_NUMBER(self, t):
+        r'\d+'
+        try:
+            t.value = int(t.value)
+        except ValueError:
+            print "Integer value too large", t.value
+            t.value = 0
+        #print "parsed number %s" % repr(t.value)
+        return t
+
+    t_ignore = " \t"
+
+    def t_newline(self, t):
+        r'\n+'
+        t.lexer.lineno += t.value.count("\n")
+    
+    def t_error(self, t):
+        print "Illegal character '%s'" % t.value[0]
+        t.lexer.skip(1)
+
+    # Parsing rules
+
+    precedence = (
+        ('left','PLUS','MINUS'),
+        ('left','TIMES','DIVIDE'),
+        ('left', 'EXP'),
+        ('right','UMINUS'),
+        )
+
+    def p_statement_assign(self, p):
+        'statement : NAME EQUALS expression'
+        self.names[p[1]] = p[3]
+
+    def p_statement_expr(self, p):
+        'statement : expression'
+        print p[1]
+
+    def p_expression_binop(self, p):
+        """
+        expression : expression PLUS expression
+                  | expression MINUS expression
+                  | expression TIMES expression
+                  | expression DIVIDE expression
+                  | expression EXP expression
+        """
+        #print [repr(p[i]) for i in range(0,4)]
+        if p[2] == '+'  : p[0] = p[1] + p[3]
+        elif p[2] == '-': p[0] = p[1] - p[3]
+        elif p[2] == '*': p[0] = p[1] * p[3]
+        elif p[2] == '/': p[0] = p[1] / p[3]
+        elif p[2] == '**': p[0] = p[1] ** p[3]
+
+    def p_expression_uminus(self, p):
+        'expression : MINUS expression %prec UMINUS'
+        p[0] = -p[2]
+
+    def p_expression_group(self, p):
+        'expression : LPAREN expression RPAREN'
+        p[0] = p[2]
+
+    def p_expression_number(self, p):
+        'expression : NUMBER'
+        p[0] = p[1]
+
+    def p_expression_name(self, p):
+        'expression : NAME'
+        try:
+            p[0] = self.names[p[1]]
+        except LookupError:
+            print "Undefined name '%s'" % p[1]
+            p[0] = 0
+
+    def p_error(self, p):
+        print "Syntax error at '%s'" % p.value
+
+if __name__ == '__main__':
+    calc = Calc()
+    calc.run()
diff --git a/chall/ply-2.2/example/cleanup.sh b/chall/ply-2.2/example/cleanup.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000..3e115f4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/chall/ply-2.2/example/cleanup.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+rm -f */*.pyc */parsetab.py */parser.out */*~ */*.class
diff --git a/chall/ply-2.2/example/hedit/hedit.py b/chall/ply-2.2/example/hedit/hedit.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..a3c58c7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/chall/ply-2.2/example/hedit/hedit.py
@@ -0,0 +1,48 @@
+# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# hedit.py
+#
+# Paring of Fortran H Edit descriptions (Contributed by Pearu Peterson)
+#
+# These tokens can't be easily tokenized because they are of the following
+# form:
+#
+#   nHc1...cn
+#
+# where n is a positive integer and c1 ... cn are characters.
+#
+# This example shows how to modify the state of the lexer to parse
+# such tokens
+# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+import sys
+sys.path.insert(0,"../..")
+
+
+tokens = (
+    'H_EDIT_DESCRIPTOR',
+    )
+
+# Tokens
+t_ignore = " \t\n"
+
+def t_H_EDIT_DESCRIPTOR(t):
+    r"\d+H.*"                     # This grabs all of the remaining text
+    i = t.value.index('H')
+    n = eval(t.value[:i])
+    
+    # Adjust the tokenizing position
+    t.lexer.lexpos -= len(t.value) - (i+1+n)
+    
+    t.value = t.value[i+1:i+1+n]
+    return t                                  
+    
+def t_error(t):
+    print "Illegal character '%s'" % t.value[0]
+    t.lexer.skip(1)
+    
+# Build the lexer
+import ply.lex as lex
+lex.lex()
+lex.runmain()
+
+
diff --git a/chall/ply-2.2/example/newclasscalc/calc.py b/chall/ply-2.2/example/newclasscalc/calc.py
new file mode 100755
index 0000000..b021b6b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/chall/ply-2.2/example/newclasscalc/calc.py
@@ -0,0 +1,155 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env python
+
+# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# calc.py
+#
+# A simple calculator with variables.   This is from O'Reilly's
+# "Lex and Yacc", p. 63.
+#
+# Class-based example contributed to PLY by David McNab.
+#
+# Modified to use new-style classes.   Test case.
+# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+import sys
+sys.path.insert(0,"../..")
+
+import readline
+import ply.lex as lex
+import ply.yacc as yacc
+import os
+
+class Parser(object):
+    """
+    Base class for a lexer/parser that has the rules defined as methods
+    """
+    tokens = ()
+    precedence = ()
+
+
+    def __init__(self, **kw):
+        self.debug = kw.get('debug', 0)
+        self.names = { }
+        try:
+            modname = os.path.split(os.path.splitext(__file__)[0])[1] + "_" + self.__class__.__name__
+        except:
+            modname = "parser"+"_"+self.__class__.__name__
+        self.debugfile = modname + ".dbg"
+        self.tabmodule = modname + "_" + "parsetab"
+        #print self.debugfile, self.tabmodule
+
+        # Build the lexer and parser
+        lex.lex(module=self, debug=self.debug)
+        yacc.yacc(module=self,
+                  debug=self.debug,
+                  debugfile=self.debugfile,
+                  tabmodule=self.tabmodule)
+
+    def run(self):
+        while 1:
+            try:
+                s = raw_input('calc > ')
+            except EOFError:
+                break
+            if not s: continue     
+            yacc.parse(s)
+
+    
+class Calc(Parser):
+
+    tokens = (
+        'NAME','NUMBER',
+        'PLUS','MINUS','EXP', 'TIMES','DIVIDE','EQUALS',
+        'LPAREN','RPAREN',
+        )
+
+    # Tokens
+
+    t_PLUS    = r'\+'
+    t_MINUS   = r'-'
+    t_EXP     = r'\*\*'
+    t_TIMES   = r'\*'
+    t_DIVIDE  = r'/'
+    t_EQUALS  = r'='
+    t_LPAREN  = r'\('
+    t_RPAREN  = r'\)'
+    t_NAME    = r'[a-zA-Z_][a-zA-Z0-9_]*'
+
+    def t_NUMBER(self, t):
+        r'\d+'
+        try:
+            t.value = int(t.value)
+        except ValueError:
+            print "Integer value too large", t.value
+            t.value = 0
+        #print "parsed number %s" % repr(t.value)
+        return t
+
+    t_ignore = " \t"
+
+    def t_newline(self, t):
+        r'\n+'
+        t.lexer.lineno += t.value.count("\n")
+    
+    def t_error(self, t):
+        print "Illegal character '%s'" % t.value[0]
+        t.lexer.skip(1)
+
+    # Parsing rules
+
+    precedence = (
+        ('left','PLUS','MINUS'),
+        ('left','TIMES','DIVIDE'),
+        ('left', 'EXP'),
+        ('right','UMINUS'),
+        )
+
+    def p_statement_assign(self, p):
+        'statement : NAME EQUALS expression'
+        self.names[p[1]] = p[3]
+
+    def p_statement_expr(self, p):
+        'statement : expression'
+        print p[1]
+
+    def p_expression_binop(self, p):
+        """
+        expression : expression PLUS expression
+                  | expression MINUS expression
+                  | expression TIMES expression
+                  | expression DIVIDE expression
+                  | expression EXP expression
+        """
+        #print [repr(p[i]) for i in range(0,4)]
+        if p[2] == '+'  : p[0] = p[1] + p[3]
+        elif p[2] == '-': p[0] = p[1] - p[3]
+        elif p[2] == '*': p[0] = p[1] * p[3]
+        elif p[2] == '/': p[0] = p[1] / p[3]
+        elif p[2] == '**': p[0] = p[1] ** p[3]
+
+    def p_expression_uminus(self, p):
+        'expression : MINUS expression %prec UMINUS'
+        p[0] = -p[2]
+
+    def p_expression_group(self, p):
+        'expression : LPAREN expression RPAREN'
+        p[0] = p[2]
+
+    def p_expression_number(self, p):
+        'expression : NUMBER'
+        p[0] = p[1]
+
+    def p_expression_name(self, p):
+        'expression : NAME'
+        try:
+            p[0] = self.names[p[1]]
+        except LookupError:
+            print "Undefined name '%s'" % p[1]
+            p[0] = 0
+
+    def p_error(self, p):
+        print "Syntax error at '%s'" % p.value
+
+if __name__ == '__main__':
+    calc = Calc()
+    calc.run()
diff --git a/chall/ply-2.2/example/optcalc/README b/chall/ply-2.2/example/optcalc/README
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..6d196f0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/chall/ply-2.2/example/optcalc/README
@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+An example showing how to use Python optimized mode.
+To run:
+
+  - First run 'python calc.py'
+
+  - Then run 'python -OO calc.py'
+
+If working corretly, the second version should run the
+same way.
diff --git a/chall/ply-2.2/example/optcalc/calc.py b/chall/ply-2.2/example/optcalc/calc.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..325f67c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/chall/ply-2.2/example/optcalc/calc.py
@@ -0,0 +1,113 @@
+# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# calc.py
+#
+# A simple calculator with variables.   This is from O'Reilly's
+# "Lex and Yacc", p. 63.
+# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+import sys
+sys.path.insert(0,"../..")
+
+tokens = (
+    'NAME','NUMBER',
+    'PLUS','MINUS','TIMES','DIVIDE','EQUALS',
+    'LPAREN','RPAREN',
+    )
+
+# Tokens
+
+t_PLUS    = r'\+'
+t_MINUS   = r'-'
+t_TIMES   = r'\*'
+t_DIVIDE  = r'/'
+t_EQUALS  = r'='
+t_LPAREN  = r'\('
+t_RPAREN  = r'\)'
+t_NAME    = r'[a-zA-Z_][a-zA-Z0-9_]*'
+
+def t_NUMBER(t):
+    r'\d+'
+    try:
+        t.value = int(t.value)
+    except ValueError:
+        print "Integer value too large", t.value
+        t.value = 0
+    return t
+
+t_ignore = " \t"
+
+def t_newline(t):
+    r'\n+'
+    t.lexer.lineno += t.value.count("\n")
+    
+def t_error(t):
+    print "Illegal character '%s'" % t.value[0]
+    t.lexer.skip(1)
+    
+# Build the lexer
+import ply.lex as lex
+lex.lex(optimize=1)
+
+# Parsing rules
+
+precedence = (
+    ('left','PLUS','MINUS'),
+    ('left','TIMES','DIVIDE'),
+    ('right','UMINUS'),
+    )
+
+# dictionary of names
+names = { }
+
+def p_statement_assign(t):
+    'statement : NAME EQUALS expression'
+    names[t[1]] = t[3]
+
+def p_statement_expr(t):
+    'statement : expression'
+    print t[1]
+
+def p_expression_binop(t):
+    '''expression : expression PLUS expression
+                  | expression MINUS expression
+                  | expression TIMES expression
+                  | expression DIVIDE expression'''
+    if t[2] == '+'  : t[0] = t[1] + t[3]
+    elif t[2] == '-': t[0] = t[1] - t[3]
+    elif t[2] == '*': t[0] = t[1] * t[3]
+    elif t[2] == '/': t[0] = t[1] / t[3]
+    elif t[2] == '<': t[0] = t[1] < t[3]
+
+def p_expression_uminus(t):
+    'expression : MINUS expression %prec UMINUS'
+    t[0] = -t[2]
+
+def p_expression_group(t):
+    'expression : LPAREN expression RPAREN'
+    t[0] = t[2]
+
+def p_expression_number(t):
+    'expression : NUMBER'
+    t[0] = t[1]
+
+def p_expression_name(t):
+    'expression : NAME'
+    try:
+        t[0] = names[t[1]]
+    except LookupError:
+        print "Undefined name '%s'" % t[1]
+        t[0] = 0
+
+def p_error(t):
+    print "Syntax error at '%s'" % t.value
+
+import ply.yacc as yacc
+yacc.yacc(optimize=1)
+
+while 1:
+    try:
+        s = raw_input('calc > ')
+    except EOFError:
+        break
+    yacc.parse(s)
+
diff --git a/chall/ply-2.2/example/unicalc/calc.py b/chall/ply-2.2/example/unicalc/calc.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..7e60433
--- /dev/null
+++ b/chall/ply-2.2/example/unicalc/calc.py
@@ -0,0 +1,114 @@
+# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# calc.py
+#
+# A simple calculator with variables.   This is from O'Reilly's
+# "Lex and Yacc", p. 63.
+#
+# This example uses unicode strings for tokens, docstrings, and input.
+# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+import sys
+sys.path.insert(0,"../..")
+
+tokens = (
+    'NAME','NUMBER',
+    'PLUS','MINUS','TIMES','DIVIDE','EQUALS',
+    'LPAREN','RPAREN',
+    )
+
+# Tokens
+
+t_PLUS    = ur'\+'
+t_MINUS   = ur'-'
+t_TIMES   = ur'\*'
+t_DIVIDE  = ur'/'
+t_EQUALS  = ur'='
+t_LPAREN  = ur'\('
+t_RPAREN  = ur'\)'
+t_NAME    = ur'[a-zA-Z_][a-zA-Z0-9_]*'
+
+def t_NUMBER(t):
+    ur'\d+'
+    try:
+        t.value = int(t.value)
+    except ValueError:
+        print "Integer value too large", t.value
+        t.value = 0
+    return t
+
+t_ignore = u" \t"
+
+def t_newline(t):
+    ur'\n+'
+    t.lexer.lineno += t.value.count("\n")
+    
+def t_error(t):
+    print "Illegal character '%s'" % t.value[0]
+    t.lexer.skip(1)
+    
+# Build the lexer
+import ply.lex as lex
+lex.lex()
+
+# Parsing rules
+
+precedence = (
+    ('left','PLUS','MINUS'),
+    ('left','TIMES','DIVIDE'),
+    ('right','UMINUS'),
+    )
+
+# dictionary of names
+names = { }
+
+def p_statement_assign(p):
+    'statement : NAME EQUALS expression'
+    names[p[1]] = p[3]
+
+def p_statement_expr(p):
+    'statement : expression'
+    print p[1]
+
+def p_expression_binop(p):
+    '''expression : expression PLUS expression
+                  | expression MINUS expression
+                  | expression TIMES expression
+                  | expression DIVIDE expression'''
+    if p[2] == u'+'  : p[0] = p[1] + p[3]
+    elif p[2] == u'-': p[0] = p[1] - p[3]
+    elif p[2] == u'*': p[0] = p[1] * p[3]
+    elif p[2] == u'/': p[0] = p[1] / p[3]
+
+def p_expression_uminus(p):
+    'expression : MINUS expression %prec UMINUS'
+    p[0] = -p[2]
+
+def p_expression_group(p):
+    'expression : LPAREN expression RPAREN'
+    p[0] = p[2]
+
+def p_expression_number(p):
+    'expression : NUMBER'
+    p[0] = p[1]
+
+def p_expression_name(p):
+    'expression : NAME'
+    try:
+        p[0] = names[p[1]]
+    except LookupError:
+        print "Undefined name '%s'" % p[1]
+        p[0] = 0
+
+def p_error(p):
+    print "Syntax error at '%s'" % p.value
+
+import ply.yacc as yacc
+yacc.yacc()
+
+while 1:
+    try:
+        s = raw_input('calc > ')
+    except EOFError:
+        break
+    if not s: continue
+    yacc.parse(unicode(s))
diff --git a/chall/ply-2.2/example/yply/README b/chall/ply-2.2/example/yply/README
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..bfadf36
--- /dev/null
+++ b/chall/ply-2.2/example/yply/README
@@ -0,0 +1,41 @@
+yply.py
+
+This example implements a program yply.py that converts a UNIX-yacc
+specification file into a PLY-compatible program.  To use, simply
+run it like this:
+
+   % python yply.py [-nocode] inputfile.y >myparser.py
+
+The output of this program is Python code. In the output,
+any C code in the original file is included, but is commented out.
+If you use the -nocode option, then all of the C code in the
+original file is just discarded.
+
+To use the resulting grammer with PLY, you'll need to edit the
+myparser.py file. Within this file, some stub code is included that
+can be used to test the construction of the parsing tables. However,
+you'll need to do more editing to make a workable parser.
+
+Disclaimer:  This just an example I threw together in an afternoon.
+It might have some bugs.  However, it worked when I tried it on
+a yacc-specified C++ parser containing 442 rules and 855 parsing
+states.
+
+Comments:
+
+1. This example does not parse specification files meant for lex/flex.
+   You'll need to specify the tokenizer on your own.
+
+2. This example shows a number of interesting PLY features including
+    
+     - Parsing of literal text delimited by nested parentheses
+     - Some interaction between the parser and the lexer.
+     - Use of literals in the grammar specification
+     - One pass compilation.  The program just emits the result,
+       there is no intermediate parse tree.
+
+3. This program could probably be cleaned up and enhanced a lot.
+   It would be great if someone wanted to work on this (hint).
+
+-Dave
+       
diff --git a/chall/ply-2.2/example/yply/ylex.py b/chall/ply-2.2/example/yply/ylex.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..67d2354
--- /dev/null
+++ b/chall/ply-2.2/example/yply/ylex.py
@@ -0,0 +1,112 @@
+# lexer for yacc-grammars
+#
+# Author: David Beazley (dave@dabeaz.com)
+# Date  : October 2, 2006
+
+import sys
+sys.path.append("../..")
+
+from ply import *
+
+tokens = (
+    'LITERAL','SECTION','TOKEN','LEFT','RIGHT','PREC','START','TYPE','NONASSOC','UNION','CODE',
+    'ID','QLITERAL','NUMBER',
+)
+
+states = (('code','exclusive'),)
+
+literals = [ ';', ',', '<', '>', '|',':' ]
+t_ignore = ' \t'
+
+t_TOKEN     = r'%token'
+t_LEFT      = r'%left'
+t_RIGHT     = r'%right'
+t_NONASSOC  = r'%nonassoc'
+t_PREC      = r'%prec'
+t_START     = r'%start'
+t_TYPE      = r'%type'
+t_UNION     = r'%union'
+t_ID        = r'[a-zA-Z_][a-zA-Z_0-9]*'
+t_QLITERAL  = r'''(?P<quote>['"]).*?(?P=quote)'''
+t_NUMBER    = r'\d+'
+
+def t_SECTION(t):
+    r'%%'
+    if getattr(t.lexer,"lastsection",0):
+         t.value = t.lexer.lexdata[t.lexpos+2:]
+         t.lexer.lexpos = len(t.lexer.lexdata)
+    else:
+         t.lexer.lastsection = 0
+    return t
+
+# Comments
+def t_ccomment(t):
+    r'/\*(.|\n)*?\*/'
+    t.lineno += t.value.count('\n')
+
+t_ignore_cppcomment = r'//.*'
+
+def t_LITERAL(t):
+   r'%\{(.|\n)*?%\}'
+   t.lexer.lineno += t.value.count("\n")
+   return t
+
+def t_NEWLINE(t):
+   r'\n'
+   t.lexer.lineno += 1
+
+def t_code(t):
+   r'\{'
+   t.lexer.codestart = t.lexpos
+   t.lexer.level = 1
+   t.lexer.begin('code')
+
+def t_code_ignore_string(t):
+    r'\"([^\\\n]|(\\.))*?\"'
+
+def t_code_ignore_char(t):
+    r'\'([^\\\n]|(\\.))*?\''
+
+def t_code_ignore_comment(t):
+   r'/\*(.|\n)*?\*/'
+
+def t_code_ignore_cppcom(t):
+   r'//.*'
+
+def t_code_lbrace(t):
+    r'\{'
+    t.lexer.level += 1
+
+def t_code_rbrace(t):
+    r'\}'
+    t.lexer.level -= 1
+    if t.lexer.level == 0:
+         t.type = 'CODE'
+         t.value = t.lexer.lexdata[t.lexer.codestart:t.lexpos+1]
+         t.lexer.begin('INITIAL')
+         t.lexer.lineno += t.value.count('\n')
+         return t
+
+t_code_ignore_nonspace   = r'[^\s\}\'\"\{]+'
+t_code_ignore_whitespace = r'\s+'
+t_code_ignore = ""
+
+def t_code_error(t):
+    raise RuntimeError
+
+def t_error(t):
+    print "%d: Illegal character '%s'" % (t.lineno, t.value[0])
+    print t.value
+    t.lexer.skip(1)
+
+lex.lex()
+
+if __name__ == '__main__':
+    lex.runmain()
+
+            
+            
+           
+
+        
+
diff --git a/chall/ply-2.2/example/yply/yparse.py b/chall/ply-2.2/example/yply/yparse.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..ab5b884
--- /dev/null
+++ b/chall/ply-2.2/example/yply/yparse.py
@@ -0,0 +1,217 @@
+# parser for Unix yacc-based grammars
+#
+# Author: David Beazley (dave@dabeaz.com)
+# Date  : October 2, 2006
+
+import ylex
+tokens = ylex.tokens
+
+from ply import *
+
+tokenlist = []
+preclist  = []
+
+emit_code = 1
+
+def p_yacc(p):
+    '''yacc : defsection rulesection'''
+
+def p_defsection(p):
+    '''defsection : definitions SECTION
+                  | SECTION'''
+    p.lexer.lastsection = 1
+    print "tokens = ", repr(tokenlist)
+    print
+    print "precedence = ", repr(preclist)
+    print
+    print "# -------------- RULES ----------------"
+    print 
+
+def p_rulesection(p):
+    '''rulesection : rules SECTION'''
+
+    print "# -------------- RULES END ----------------"
+    print_code(p[2],0)
+
+def p_definitions(p):
+    '''definitions : definitions definition
+                   | definition'''
+
+def p_definition_literal(p):
+    '''definition : LITERAL'''
+    print_code(p[1],0)
+
+def p_definition_start(p):
+    '''definition : START ID'''
+    print "start = '%s'" % p[2]
+
+def p_definition_token(p):
+    '''definition : toktype opttype idlist optsemi '''
+    for i in p[3]:
+       if i[0] not in "'\"":
+           tokenlist.append(i)
+    if p[1] == '%left':
+        preclist.append(('left',) + tuple(p[3]))
+    elif p[1] == '%right':
+        preclist.append(('right',) + tuple(p[3]))
+    elif p[1] == '%nonassoc':
+        preclist.append(('nonassoc',)+ tuple(p[3]))
+
+def p_toktype(p):
+    '''toktype : TOKEN
+               | LEFT
+               | RIGHT
+               | NONASSOC'''
+    p[0] = p[1]
+
+def p_opttype(p):
+    '''opttype : '<' ID '>'
+               | empty'''
+
+def p_idlist(p):
+    '''idlist  : idlist optcomma tokenid
+               | tokenid'''
+    if len(p) == 2:
+        p[0] = [p[1]]
+    else:
+        p[0] = p[1]
+        p[1].append(p[3])
+
+def p_tokenid(p):
+    '''tokenid : ID 
+               | ID NUMBER
+               | QLITERAL
+               | QLITERAL NUMBER'''
+    p[0] = p[1]
+    
+def p_optsemi(p):
+    '''optsemi : ';'
+               | empty'''
+
+def p_optcomma(p):
+    '''optcomma : ','
+                | empty'''
+
+def p_definition_type(p):
+    '''definition : TYPE '<' ID '>' namelist optsemi'''
+    # type declarations are ignored
+
+def p_namelist(p):
+    '''namelist : namelist optcomma ID
+                | ID'''
+
+def p_definition_union(p):
+    '''definition : UNION CODE optsemi'''
+    # Union declarations are ignored
+
+def p_rules(p):
+    '''rules   : rules rule
+               | rule'''
+    if len(p) == 2:
+       rule = p[1]
+    else:
+       rule = p[2]
+
+    # Print out a Python equivalent of this rule
+
+    embedded = [ ]      # Embedded actions (a mess)
+    embed_count = 0
+
+    rulename = rule[0]
+    rulecount = 1
+    for r in rule[1]:
+        # r contains one of the rule possibilities
+        print "def p_%s_%d(p):" % (rulename,rulecount)
+        prod = []
+        prodcode = ""
+        for i in range(len(r)):
+             item = r[i]
+             if item[0] == '{':    # A code block
+                  if i == len(r) - 1:
+                      prodcode = item
+                      break
+                  else:
+                      # an embedded action
+                      embed_name = "_embed%d_%s" % (embed_count,rulename)
+                      prod.append(embed_name)
+                      embedded.append((embed_name,item))
+                      embed_count += 1
+             else:
+                  prod.append(item)
+        print "    '''%s : %s'''" % (rulename, " ".join(prod))
+        # Emit code
+        print_code(prodcode,4)
+        print
+        rulecount += 1
+
+    for e,code in embedded:
+        print "def p_%s(p):" % e
+        print "    '''%s : '''" % e
+        print_code(code,4)
+        print
+
+def p_rule(p):
+   '''rule : ID ':' rulelist ';' '''
+   p[0] = (p[1],[p[3]])
+
+def p_rule2(p):
+   '''rule : ID ':' rulelist morerules ';' '''
+   p[4].insert(0,p[3])
+   p[0] = (p[1],p[4])
+
+def p_rule_empty(p):
+   '''rule : ID ':' ';' '''
+   p[0] = (p[1],[[]])
+
+def p_rule_empty2(p):
+   '''rule : ID ':' morerules ';' '''
+   
+   p[3].insert(0,[])
+   p[0] = (p[1],p[3])
+
+def p_morerules(p):
+   '''morerules : morerules '|' rulelist
+                | '|' rulelist
+                | '|'  '''
+ 
+   if len(p) == 2:   
+       p[0] = [[]]
+   elif len(p) == 3: 
+       p[0] = [p[2]]
+   else:
+       p[0] = p[1]
+       p[0].append(p[3])
+
+#   print "morerules", len(p), p[0]
+
+def p_rulelist(p):
+   '''rulelist : rulelist ruleitem
+               | ruleitem'''
+
+   if len(p) == 2:
+        p[0] = [p[1]]
+   else:
+        p[0] = p[1]
+        p[1].append(p[2])
+
+def p_ruleitem(p):
+   '''ruleitem : ID
+               | QLITERAL
+               | CODE
+               | PREC'''
+   p[0] = p[1]
+
+def p_empty(p):
+    '''empty : '''
+
+def p_error(p):
+    pass
+
+yacc.yacc(debug=0)
+
+def print_code(code,indent):
+    if not emit_code: return
+    codelines = code.splitlines()
+    for c in codelines:
+         print "%s# %s" % (" "*indent,c)
+
diff --git a/chall/ply-2.2/example/yply/yply.py b/chall/ply-2.2/example/yply/yply.py
new file mode 100755
index 0000000..a439817
--- /dev/null
+++ b/chall/ply-2.2/example/yply/yply.py
@@ -0,0 +1,53 @@
+#!/usr/local/bin/python
+# yply.py
+#
+# Author: David Beazley (dave@dabeaz.com)
+# Date  : October 2, 2006
+#
+# Converts a UNIX-yacc specification file into a PLY-compatible
+# specification.   To use, simply do this:
+#
+#   % python yply.py [-nocode] inputfile.y >myparser.py
+#
+# The output of this program is Python code. In the output,
+# any C code in the original file is included, but is commented.
+# If you use the -nocode option, then all of the C code in the
+# original file is discarded.
+#
+# Disclaimer:  This just an example I threw together in an afternoon.
+# It might have some bugs.  However, it worked when I tried it on
+# a yacc-specified C++ parser containing 442 rules and 855 parsing
+# states.
+#
+
+import sys
+sys.path.insert(0,"../..")
+
+import ylex
+import yparse
+
+from ply import *
+
+if len(sys.argv) == 1:
+    print "usage : yply.py [-nocode] inputfile"
+    raise SystemExit
+
+if len(sys.argv) == 3:
+    if sys.argv[1] == '-nocode':
+         yparse.emit_code = 0
+    else:
+         print "Unknown option '%s'" % sys.argv[1]
+         raise SystemExit
+    filename = sys.argv[2]
+else:
+    filename = sys.argv[1]
+
+yacc.parse(open(filename).read())
+
+print """
+if __name__ == '__main__':
+    from ply import *
+    yacc.yacc()
+"""
+
+
diff --git a/chall/ply-2.2/ply/__init__.py b/chall/ply-2.2/ply/__init__.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..853a985
--- /dev/null
+++ b/chall/ply-2.2/ply/__init__.py
@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+# PLY package
+# Author: David Beazley (dave@dabeaz.com)
+
+__all__ = ['lex','yacc']
diff --git a/chall/ply-2.2/ply/__init__.pyc b/chall/ply-2.2/ply/__init__.pyc
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..99d3089
Binary files /dev/null and b/chall/ply-2.2/ply/__init__.pyc differ
diff --git a/chall/ply-2.2/ply/lex.py b/chall/ply-2.2/ply/lex.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..c149366
--- /dev/null
+++ b/chall/ply-2.2/ply/lex.py
@@ -0,0 +1,866 @@
+#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# ply: lex.py
+#
+# Author: David M. Beazley (dave@dabeaz.com)
+#
+# Copyright (C) 2001-2006, David M. Beazley
+#
+# This library is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
+# modify it under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public
+# License as published by the Free Software Foundation; either
+# version 2.1 of the License, or (at your option) any later version.
+# 
+# This library is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+# but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+# MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU
+# Lesser General Public License for more details.
+# 
+# You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public
+# License along with this library; if not, write to the Free Software
+# Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place, Suite 330, Boston, MA  02111-1307  USA
+# 
+# See the file COPYING for a complete copy of the LGPL.
+#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+__version__ = "2.2"
+
+import re, sys, types
+
+# Regular expression used to match valid token names
+_is_identifier = re.compile(r'^[a-zA-Z0-9_]+$')
+
+# Available instance types.  This is used when lexers are defined by a class.
+# It's a little funky because I want to preserve backwards compatibility
+# with Python 2.0 where types.ObjectType is undefined.
+
+try:
+   _INSTANCETYPE = (types.InstanceType, types.ObjectType)
+except AttributeError:
+   _INSTANCETYPE = types.InstanceType
+   class object: pass       # Note: needed if no new-style classes present
+
+# Exception thrown when invalid token encountered and no default error
+# handler is defined.
+class LexError(Exception):
+    def __init__(self,message,s):
+         self.args = (message,)
+         self.text = s
+
+# Token class
+class LexToken(object):
+    def __str__(self):
+        return "LexToken(%s,%r,%d,%d)" % (self.type,self.value,self.lineno,self.lexpos)
+    def __repr__(self):
+        return str(self)
+    def skip(self,n):
+        self.lexer.skip(n)
+
+# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# Lexer class
+#
+# This class encapsulates all of the methods and data associated with a lexer.
+#
+#    input()          -  Store a new string in the lexer
+#    token()          -  Get the next token
+# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+class Lexer:
+    def __init__(self):
+        self.lexre = None             # Master regular expression. This is a list of 
+                                      # tuples (re,findex) where re is a compiled
+                                      # regular expression and findex is a list
+                                      # mapping regex group numbers to rules
+        self.lexretext = None         # Current regular expression strings
+        self.lexstatere = {}          # Dictionary mapping lexer states to master regexs
+        self.lexstateretext = {}      # Dictionary mapping lexer states to regex strings
+        self.lexstate = "INITIAL"     # Current lexer state
+        self.lexstatestack = []       # Stack of lexer states
+        self.lexstateinfo = None      # State information
+        self.lexstateignore = {}      # Dictionary of ignored characters for each state
+        self.lexstateerrorf = {}      # Dictionary of error functions for each state
+        self.lexreflags = 0           # Optional re compile flags
+        self.lexdata = None           # Actual input data (as a string)
+        self.lexpos = 0               # Current position in input text
+        self.lexlen = 0               # Length of the input text
+        self.lexerrorf = None         # Error rule (if any)
+        self.lextokens = None         # List of valid tokens
+        self.lexignore = ""           # Ignored characters
+        self.lexliterals = ""         # Literal characters that can be passed through
+        self.lexmodule = None         # Module
+        self.lineno = 1               # Current line number
+        self.lexdebug = 0             # Debugging mode
+        self.lexoptimize = 0          # Optimized mode
+
+    def clone(self,object=None):
+        c = Lexer()
+        c.lexstatere = self.lexstatere
+        c.lexstateinfo = self.lexstateinfo
+        c.lexstateretext = self.lexstateretext
+        c.lexstate = self.lexstate
+        c.lexstatestack = self.lexstatestack
+        c.lexstateignore = self.lexstateignore
+        c.lexstateerrorf = self.lexstateerrorf
+        c.lexreflags = self.lexreflags
+        c.lexdata = self.lexdata
+        c.lexpos = self.lexpos
+        c.lexlen = self.lexlen
+        c.lextokens = self.lextokens
+        c.lexdebug = self.lexdebug
+        c.lineno = self.lineno
+        c.lexoptimize = self.lexoptimize
+        c.lexliterals = self.lexliterals
+        c.lexmodule   = self.lexmodule
+
+        # If the object parameter has been supplied, it means we are attaching the
+        # lexer to a new object.  In this case, we have to rebind all methods in
+        # the lexstatere and lexstateerrorf tables.
+
+        if object:
+            newtab = { }
+            for key, ritem in self.lexstatere.items():
+                newre = []
+                for cre, findex in ritem:
+                     newfindex = []
+                     for f in findex:
+                         if not f or not f[0]:
+                             newfindex.append(f)
+                             continue
+                         newfindex.append((getattr(object,f[0].__name__),f[1]))
+                newre.append((cre,newfindex))
+                newtab[key] = newre
+            c.lexstatere = newtab
+            c.lexstateerrorf = { }
+            for key, ef in self.lexstateerrorf.items():
+                c.lexstateerrorf[key] = getattr(object,ef.__name__)
+            c.lexmodule = object
+
+        # Set up other attributes
+        c.begin(c.lexstate)
+        return c
+
+    # ------------------------------------------------------------
+    # writetab() - Write lexer information to a table file
+    # ------------------------------------------------------------
+    def writetab(self,tabfile):
+        tf = open(tabfile+".py","w")
+        tf.write("# %s.py. This file automatically created by PLY (version %s). Don't edit!\n" % (tabfile,__version__))
+        tf.write("_lextokens    = %s\n" % repr(self.lextokens))
+        tf.write("_lexreflags   = %s\n" % repr(self.lexreflags))
+        tf.write("_lexliterals  = %s\n" % repr(self.lexliterals))
+        tf.write("_lexstateinfo = %s\n" % repr(self.lexstateinfo))
+        
+        tabre = { }
+        for key, lre in self.lexstatere.items():
+             titem = []
+             for i in range(len(lre)):
+                  titem.append((self.lexstateretext[key][i],_funcs_to_names(lre[i][1])))
+             tabre[key] = titem
+
+        tf.write("_lexstatere   = %s\n" % repr(tabre))
+        tf.write("_lexstateignore = %s\n" % repr(self.lexstateignore))
+
+        taberr = { }
+        for key, ef in self.lexstateerrorf.items():
+             if ef:
+                  taberr[key] = ef.__name__
+             else:
+                  taberr[key] = None
+        tf.write("_lexstateerrorf = %s\n" % repr(taberr))
+        tf.close()
+
+    # ------------------------------------------------------------
+    # readtab() - Read lexer information from a tab file
+    # ------------------------------------------------------------
+    def readtab(self,tabfile,fdict):
+        exec "import %s as lextab" % tabfile
+        self.lextokens      = lextab._lextokens
+        self.lexreflags     = lextab._lexreflags
+        self.lexliterals    = lextab._lexliterals
+        self.lexstateinfo   = lextab._lexstateinfo
+        self.lexstateignore = lextab._lexstateignore
+        self.lexstatere     = { }
+        self.lexstateretext = { }
+        for key,lre in lextab._lexstatere.items():
+             titem = []
+             txtitem = []
+             for i in range(len(lre)):
+                  titem.append((re.compile(lre[i][0],lextab._lexreflags),_names_to_funcs(lre[i][1],fdict)))
+                  txtitem.append(lre[i][0])
+             self.lexstatere[key] = titem
+             self.lexstateretext[key] = txtitem
+        self.lexstateerrorf = { }
+        for key,ef in lextab._lexstateerrorf.items():
+             self.lexstateerrorf[key] = fdict[ef]
+        self.begin('INITIAL')
+         
+    # ------------------------------------------------------------
+    # input() - Push a new string into the lexer
+    # ------------------------------------------------------------
+    def input(self,s):
+        if not (isinstance(s,types.StringType) or isinstance(s,types.UnicodeType)):
+            raise ValueError, "Expected a string"
+        self.lexdata = s
+        self.lexpos = 0
+        self.lexlen = len(s)
+
+    # ------------------------------------------------------------
+    # begin() - Changes the lexing state
+    # ------------------------------------------------------------
+    def begin(self,state):
+        if not self.lexstatere.has_key(state):
+            raise ValueError, "Undefined state"
+        self.lexre = self.lexstatere[state]
+        self.lexretext = self.lexstateretext[state]
+        self.lexignore = self.lexstateignore.get(state,"")
+        self.lexerrorf = self.lexstateerrorf.get(state,None)
+        self.lexstate = state
+
+    # ------------------------------------------------------------
+    # push_state() - Changes the lexing state and saves old on stack
+    # ------------------------------------------------------------
+    def push_state(self,state):
+        self.lexstatestack.append(self.lexstate)
+        self.begin(state)
+
+    # ------------------------------------------------------------
+    # pop_state() - Restores the previous state
+    # ------------------------------------------------------------
+    def pop_state(self):
+        self.begin(self.lexstatestack.pop())
+
+    # ------------------------------------------------------------
+    # current_state() - Returns the current lexing state
+    # ------------------------------------------------------------
+    def current_state(self):
+        return self.lexstate
+
+    # ------------------------------------------------------------
+    # skip() - Skip ahead n characters
+    # ------------------------------------------------------------
+    def skip(self,n):
+        self.lexpos += n
+
+    # ------------------------------------------------------------
+    # token() - Return the next token from the Lexer
+    #
+    # Note: This function has been carefully implemented to be as fast
+    # as possible.  Don't make changes unless you really know what
+    # you are doing
+    # ------------------------------------------------------------
+    def token(self):
+        # Make local copies of frequently referenced attributes
+        lexpos    = self.lexpos
+        lexlen    = self.lexlen
+        lexignore = self.lexignore
+        lexdata   = self.lexdata
+
+        while lexpos < lexlen:
+            # This code provides some short-circuit code for whitespace, tabs, and other ignored characters
+            if lexdata[lexpos] in lexignore:
+                lexpos += 1
+                continue
+
+            # Look for a regular expression match
+            for lexre,lexindexfunc in self.lexre:
+                m = lexre.match(lexdata,lexpos)
+                if not m: continue
+
+                # Set last match in lexer so that rules can access it if they want
+                self.lexmatch = m
+
+                # Create a token for return
+                tok = LexToken()
+                tok.value = m.group()
+                tok.lineno = self.lineno
+                tok.lexpos = lexpos
+                tok.lexer = self
+
+                lexpos = m.end()
+                i = m.lastindex
+                func,tok.type = lexindexfunc[i]
+                self.lexpos = lexpos
+
+                if not func:
+                   # If no token type was set, it's an ignored token
+                   if tok.type: return tok      
+                   break
+
+                # if func not callable, it means it's an ignored token                
+                if not callable(func):
+                   break 
+
+                # If token is processed by a function, call it
+                newtok = func(tok)
+                
+                # Every function must return a token, if nothing, we just move to next token
+                if not newtok: 
+                    lexpos = self.lexpos        # This is here in case user has updated lexpos.
+                    break
+                
+                # Verify type of the token.  If not in the token map, raise an error
+                if not self.lexoptimize:
+                    if not self.lextokens.has_key(newtok.type):
+                        raise LexError, ("%s:%d: Rule '%s' returned an unknown token type '%s'" % (
+                            func.func_code.co_filename, func.func_code.co_firstlineno,
+                            func.__name__, newtok.type),lexdata[lexpos:])
+
+                return newtok
+            else:
+                # No match, see if in literals
+                if lexdata[lexpos] in self.lexliterals:
+                    tok = LexToken()
+                    tok.value = lexdata[lexpos]
+                    tok.lineno = self.lineno
+                    tok.lexer = self
+                    tok.type = tok.value
+                    tok.lexpos = lexpos
+                    self.lexpos = lexpos + 1
+                    return tok
+        
+                # No match. Call t_error() if defined.
+                if self.lexerrorf:
+                    tok = LexToken()
+                    tok.value = self.lexdata[lexpos:]
+                    tok.lineno = self.lineno
+                    tok.type = "error"
+                    tok.lexer = self
+                    tok.lexpos = lexpos
+                    self.lexpos = lexpos
+                    newtok = self.lexerrorf(tok)
+                    if lexpos == self.lexpos:
+                        # Error method didn't change text position at all. This is an error.
+                        raise LexError, ("Scanning error. Illegal character '%s'" % (lexdata[lexpos]), lexdata[lexpos:])
+                    lexpos = self.lexpos
+                    if not newtok: continue
+                    return newtok
+
+                self.lexpos = lexpos
+                raise LexError, ("Illegal character '%s' at index %d" % (lexdata[lexpos],lexpos), lexdata[lexpos:])
+
+        self.lexpos = lexpos + 1
+        if self.lexdata is None:
+             raise RuntimeError, "No input string given with input()"
+        return None
+        
+# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# _validate_file()
+#
+# This checks to see if there are duplicated t_rulename() functions or strings
+# in the parser input file.  This is done using a simple regular expression
+# match on each line in the filename.
+# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+def _validate_file(filename):
+    import os.path
+    base,ext = os.path.splitext(filename)
+    if ext != '.py': return 1        # No idea what the file is. Return OK
+
+    try:
+        f = open(filename)
+        lines = f.readlines()
+        f.close()
+    except IOError:
+        return 1                       # Oh well
+
+    fre = re.compile(r'\s*def\s+(t_[a-zA-Z_0-9]*)\(')
+    sre = re.compile(r'\s*(t_[a-zA-Z_0-9]*)\s*=')
+    counthash = { }
+    linen = 1
+    noerror = 1
+    for l in lines:
+        m = fre.match(l)
+        if not m:
+            m = sre.match(l)
+        if m:
+            name = m.group(1)
+            prev = counthash.get(name)
+            if not prev:
+                counthash[name] = linen
+            else:
+                print "%s:%d: Rule %s redefined. Previously defined on line %d" % (filename,linen,name,prev)
+                noerror = 0
+        linen += 1
+    return noerror
+
+# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# _funcs_to_names()
+#
+# Given a list of regular expression functions, this converts it to a list
+# suitable for output to a table file
+# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+def _funcs_to_names(funclist):
+    result = []
+    for f in funclist:
+         if f and f[0]:
+             result.append((f[0].__name__,f[1]))
+         else:
+             result.append(f)
+    return result
+
+# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# _names_to_funcs()
+#
+# Given a list of regular expression function names, this converts it back to
+# functions.
+# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+def _names_to_funcs(namelist,fdict):
+     result = []
+     for n in namelist:
+          if n and n[0]:
+              result.append((fdict[n[0]],n[1]))
+          else:
+              result.append(n)
+     return result
+
+# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# _form_master_re()
+#
+# This function takes a list of all of the regex components and attempts to
+# form the master regular expression.  Given limitations in the Python re
+# module, it may be necessary to break the master regex into separate expressions.
+# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+def _form_master_re(relist,reflags,ldict):
+    if not relist: return []
+    regex = "|".join(relist)
+    try:
+        lexre = re.compile(regex,re.VERBOSE | reflags)
+
+        # Build the index to function map for the matching engine
+        lexindexfunc = [ None ] * (max(lexre.groupindex.values())+1)
+        for f,i in lexre.groupindex.items():
+            handle = ldict.get(f,None)
+            if type(handle) in (types.FunctionType, types.MethodType):
+                lexindexfunc[i] = (handle,handle.__name__[2:])
+            elif handle is not None:
+                # If rule was specified as a string, we build an anonymous
+                # callback function to carry out the action
+                if f.find("ignore_") > 0:
+                    lexindexfunc[i] = (None,None)
+                    print "IGNORE", f
+                else:
+                    lexindexfunc[i] = (None, f[2:])
+         
+        return [(lexre,lexindexfunc)],[regex]
+    except Exception,e:
+        m = int(len(relist)/2)
+        if m == 0: m = 1
+        llist, lre = _form_master_re(relist[:m],reflags,ldict)
+        rlist, rre = _form_master_re(relist[m:],reflags,ldict)
+        return llist+rlist, lre+rre
+
+# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# def _statetoken(s,names)
+#
+# Given a declaration name s of the form "t_" and a dictionary whose keys are
+# state names, this function returns a tuple (states,tokenname) where states
+# is a tuple of state names and tokenname is the name of the token.  For example,
+# calling this with s = "t_foo_bar_SPAM" might return (('foo','bar'),'SPAM')
+# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+def _statetoken(s,names):
+    nonstate = 1
+    parts = s.split("_")
+    for i in range(1,len(parts)):
+         if not names.has_key(parts[i]) and parts[i] != 'ANY': break
+    if i > 1:
+       states = tuple(parts[1:i])
+    else:
+       states = ('INITIAL',)
+
+    if 'ANY' in states:
+       states = tuple(names.keys())
+      
+    tokenname = "_".join(parts[i:])
+    return (states,tokenname)
+
+# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# lex(module)
+#
+# Build all of the regular expression rules from definitions in the supplied module
+# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+def lex(module=None,object=None,debug=0,optimize=0,lextab="lextab",reflags=0,nowarn=0):
+    global lexer
+    ldict = None
+    stateinfo  = { 'INITIAL' : 'inclusive'}
+    error = 0
+    files = { }
+    lexobj = Lexer()
+    lexobj.lexdebug = debug
+    lexobj.lexoptimize = optimize
+    global token,input
+
+    if nowarn: warn = 0
+    else: warn = 1
+    
+    if object: module = object
+
+    if module:
+        # User supplied a module object.
+        if isinstance(module, types.ModuleType):
+            ldict = module.__dict__
+        elif isinstance(module, _INSTANCETYPE):
+            _items = [(k,getattr(module,k)) for k in dir(module)]
+            ldict = { }
+            for (i,v) in _items:
+                ldict[i] = v
+        else:
+            raise ValueError,"Expected a module or instance"
+        lexobj.lexmodule = module
+        
+    else:
+        # No module given.  We might be able to get information from the caller.
+        try:
+            raise RuntimeError
+        except RuntimeError:
+            e,b,t = sys.exc_info()
+            f = t.tb_frame
+            f = f.f_back           # Walk out to our calling function
+            ldict = f.f_globals    # Grab its globals dictionary
+
+    if optimize and lextab:
+        try:
+            lexobj.readtab(lextab,ldict)
+            token = lexobj.token
+            input = lexobj.input
+            lexer = lexobj
+            return lexobj
+        
+        except ImportError:
+            pass
+        
+    # Get the tokens, states, and literals variables (if any)
+    if (module and isinstance(module,_INSTANCETYPE)):
+        tokens   = getattr(module,"tokens",None)
+        states   = getattr(module,"states",None)
+        literals = getattr(module,"literals","")
+    else:
+        tokens   = ldict.get("tokens",None)
+        states   = ldict.get("states",None)
+        literals = ldict.get("literals","")
+        
+    if not tokens:
+        raise SyntaxError,"lex: module does not define 'tokens'"
+    if not (isinstance(tokens,types.ListType) or isinstance(tokens,types.TupleType)):
+        raise SyntaxError,"lex: tokens must be a list or tuple."
+
+    # Build a dictionary of valid token names
+    lexobj.lextokens = { }
+    if not optimize:
+        for n in tokens:
+            if not _is_identifier.match(n):
+                print "lex: Bad token name '%s'" % n
+                error = 1
+            if warn and lexobj.lextokens.has_key(n):
+                print "lex: Warning. Token '%s' multiply defined." % n
+            lexobj.lextokens[n] = None
+    else:
+        for n in tokens: lexobj.lextokens[n] = None
+
+    if debug:
+        print "lex: tokens = '%s'" % lexobj.lextokens.keys()
+
+    try:
+         for c in literals:
+               if not (isinstance(c,types.StringType) or isinstance(c,types.UnicodeType)) or len(c) > 1:
+                    print "lex: Invalid literal %s. Must be a single character" % repr(c)
+                    error = 1
+                    continue
+
+    except TypeError:
+         print "lex: Invalid literals specification. literals must be a sequence of characters."
+         error = 1
+
+    lexobj.lexliterals = literals
+
+    # Build statemap
+    if states:
+         if not (isinstance(states,types.TupleType) or isinstance(states,types.ListType)):
+              print "lex: states must be defined as a tuple or list."
+              error = 1
+         else:
+              for s in states:
+                    if not isinstance(s,types.TupleType) or len(s) != 2:
+                           print "lex: invalid state specifier %s. Must be a tuple (statename,'exclusive|inclusive')" % repr(s)
+                           error = 1
+                           continue
+                    name, statetype = s
+                    if not isinstance(name,types.StringType):
+                           print "lex: state name %s must be a string" % repr(name)
+                           error = 1
+                           continue
+                    if not (statetype == 'inclusive' or statetype == 'exclusive'):
+                           print "lex: state type for state %s must be 'inclusive' or 'exclusive'" % name
+                           error = 1
+                           continue
+                    if stateinfo.has_key(name):
+                           print "lex: state '%s' already defined." % name
+                           error = 1
+                           continue
+                    stateinfo[name] = statetype
+
+    # Get a list of symbols with the t_ or s_ prefix
+    tsymbols = [f for f in ldict.keys() if f[:2] == 't_' ]
+
+    # Now build up a list of functions and a list of strings
+
+    funcsym =  { }        # Symbols defined as functions
+    strsym =   { }        # Symbols defined as strings
+    toknames = { }        # Mapping of symbols to token names
+
+    for s in stateinfo.keys():
+         funcsym[s] = []
+         strsym[s] = []
+
+    ignore   = { }        # Ignore strings by state
+    errorf   = { }        # Error functions by state
+
+    if len(tsymbols) == 0:
+        raise SyntaxError,"lex: no rules of the form t_rulename are defined."
+
+    for f in tsymbols:
+        t = ldict[f]
+        states, tokname = _statetoken(f,stateinfo)
+        toknames[f] = tokname
+
+        if callable(t):
+            for s in states: funcsym[s].append((f,t))
+        elif (isinstance(t, types.StringType) or isinstance(t,types.UnicodeType)):
+            for s in states: strsym[s].append((f,t))
+        else:
+            print "lex: %s not defined as a function or string" % f
+            error = 1
+
+    # Sort the functions by line number
+    for f in funcsym.values():
+        f.sort(lambda x,y: cmp(x[1].func_code.co_firstlineno,y[1].func_code.co_firstlineno))
+
+    # Sort the strings by regular expression length
+    for s in strsym.values():
+        s.sort(lambda x,y: (len(x[1]) < len(y[1])) - (len(x[1]) > len(y[1])))
+
+    regexs = { }
+
+    # Build the master regular expressions
+    for state in stateinfo.keys():
+        regex_list = []
+
+        # Add rules defined by functions first
+        for fname, f in funcsym[state]:
+            line = f.func_code.co_firstlineno
+            file = f.func_code.co_filename
+            files[file] = None
+            tokname = toknames[fname]
+
+            ismethod = isinstance(f, types.MethodType)
+
+            if not optimize:
+                nargs = f.func_code.co_argcount
+                if ismethod:
+                    reqargs = 2
+                else:
+                    reqargs = 1
+                if nargs > reqargs:
+                    print "%s:%d: Rule '%s' has too many arguments." % (file,line,f.__name__)
+                    error = 1
+                    continue
+
+                if nargs < reqargs:
+                    print "%s:%d: Rule '%s' requires an argument." % (file,line,f.__name__)
+                    error = 1
+                    continue
+
+                if tokname == 'ignore':
+                    print "%s:%d: Rule '%s' must be defined as a string." % (file,line,f.__name__)
+                    error = 1
+                    continue
+        
+            if tokname == 'error':
+                errorf[state] = f
+                continue
+
+            if f.__doc__:
+                if not optimize:
+                    try:
+                        c = re.compile("(?P<%s>%s)" % (f.__name__,f.__doc__), re.VERBOSE | reflags)
+                        if c.match(""):
+                             print "%s:%d: Regular expression for rule '%s' matches empty string." % (file,line,f.__name__)
+                             error = 1
+                             continue
+                    except re.error,e:
+                        print "%s:%d: Invalid regular expression for rule '%s'. %s" % (file,line,f.__name__,e)
+                        if '#' in f.__doc__:
+                             print "%s:%d. Make sure '#' in rule '%s' is escaped with '\\#'." % (file,line, f.__name__)                 
+                        error = 1
+                        continue
+
+                    if debug:
+                        print "lex: Adding rule %s -> '%s' (state '%s')" % (f.__name__,f.__doc__, state)
+
+                # Okay. The regular expression seemed okay.  Let's append it to the master regular
+                # expression we're building
+  
+                regex_list.append("(?P<%s>%s)" % (f.__name__,f.__doc__))
+            else:
+                print "%s:%d: No regular expression defined for rule '%s'" % (file,line,f.__name__)
+
+        # Now add all of the simple rules
+        for name,r in strsym[state]:
+            tokname = toknames[name]       
+
+            if tokname == 'ignore':
+                 ignore[state] = r
+                 continue
+
+            if not optimize:
+                if tokname == 'error':
+                    raise SyntaxError,"lex: Rule '%s' must be defined as a function" % name
+                    error = 1
+                    continue
+        
+                if not lexobj.lextokens.has_key(tokname) and tokname.find("ignore_") < 0:
+                    print "lex: Rule '%s' defined for an unspecified token %s." % (name,tokname)
+                    error = 1
+                    continue
+                try:
+                    c = re.compile("(?P<%s>%s)" % (name,r),re.VERBOSE | reflags)
+                    if (c.match("")):
+                         print "lex: Regular expression for rule '%s' matches empty string." % name
+                         error = 1
+                         continue
+                except re.error,e:
+                    print "lex: Invalid regular expression for rule '%s'. %s" % (name,e)
+                    if '#' in r:
+                         print "lex: Make sure '#' in rule '%s' is escaped with '\\#'." % name
+
+                    error = 1
+                    continue
+                if debug:
+                    print "lex: Adding rule %s -> '%s' (state '%s')" % (name,r,state)
+                
+            regex_list.append("(?P<%s>%s)" % (name,r))
+
+        if not regex_list:
+             print "lex: No rules defined for state '%s'" % state
+             error = 1
+
+        regexs[state] = regex_list
+
+
+    if not optimize:
+        for f in files.keys(): 
+           if not _validate_file(f):
+                error = 1
+
+    if error:
+        raise SyntaxError,"lex: Unable to build lexer."
+
+    # From this point forward, we're reasonably confident that we can build the lexer.
+    # No more errors will be generated, but there might be some warning messages.
+
+    # Build the master regular expressions
+
+    for state in regexs.keys():
+        lexre, re_text = _form_master_re(regexs[state],reflags,ldict)
+        lexobj.lexstatere[state] = lexre
+        lexobj.lexstateretext[state] = re_text
+        if debug:
+            for i in range(len(re_text)):
+                 print "lex: state '%s'. regex[%d] = '%s'" % (state, i, re_text[i])
+
+    # For inclusive states, we need to add the INITIAL state
+    for state,type in stateinfo.items():
+        if state != "INITIAL" and type == 'inclusive':
+             lexobj.lexstatere[state].extend(lexobj.lexstatere['INITIAL'])
+             lexobj.lexstateretext[state].extend(lexobj.lexstateretext['INITIAL'])
+
+    lexobj.lexstateinfo = stateinfo
+    lexobj.lexre = lexobj.lexstatere["INITIAL"]
+    lexobj.lexretext = lexobj.lexstateretext["INITIAL"]
+
+    # Set up ignore variables
+    lexobj.lexstateignore = ignore
+    lexobj.lexignore = lexobj.lexstateignore.get("INITIAL","")
+
+    # Set up error functions
+    lexobj.lexstateerrorf = errorf
+    lexobj.lexerrorf = errorf.get("INITIAL",None)
+    if warn and not lexobj.lexerrorf:
+        print "lex: Warning. no t_error rule is defined."
+
+    # Check state information for ignore and error rules
+    for s,stype in stateinfo.items():
+        if stype == 'exclusive':
+              if warn and not errorf.has_key(s):
+                   print "lex: Warning. no error rule is defined for exclusive state '%s'" % s
+              if warn and not ignore.has_key(s) and lexobj.lexignore:
+                   print "lex: Warning. no ignore rule is defined for exclusive state '%s'" % s
+        elif stype == 'inclusive':
+              if not errorf.has_key(s):
+                   errorf[s] = errorf.get("INITIAL",None)
+              if not ignore.has_key(s):
+                   ignore[s] = ignore.get("INITIAL","")
+   
+
+    # Create global versions of the token() and input() functions
+    token = lexobj.token
+    input = lexobj.input
+    lexer = lexobj
+
+    # If in optimize mode, we write the lextab   
+    if lextab and optimize:
+        lexobj.writetab(lextab)
+
+    return lexobj
+
+# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# runmain()
+#
+# This runs the lexer as a main program
+# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+def runmain(lexer=None,data=None):
+    if not data:
+        try:
+            filename = sys.argv[1]
+            f = open(filename)
+            data = f.read()
+            f.close()
+        except IndexError:
+            print "Reading from standard input (type EOF to end):"
+            data = sys.stdin.read()
+
+    if lexer:
+        _input = lexer.input
+    else:
+        _input = input
+    _input(data)
+    if lexer:
+        _token = lexer.token
+    else:
+        _token = token
+        
+    while 1:
+        tok = _token()
+        if not tok: break
+        print "(%s,%r,%d,%d)" % (tok.type, tok.value, tok.lineno,tok.lexpos)
+        
+
+# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# @TOKEN(regex)
+#
+# This decorator function can be used to set the regex expression on a function
+# when its docstring might need to be set in an alternative way
+# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+def TOKEN(r):
+    def set_doc(f):
+        f.__doc__ = r
+        return f
+    return set_doc
+
+# Alternative spelling of the TOKEN decorator
+Token = TOKEN
+
diff --git a/chall/ply-2.2/ply/lex.pyc b/chall/ply-2.2/ply/lex.pyc
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..19af7ed
Binary files /dev/null and b/chall/ply-2.2/ply/lex.pyc differ
diff --git a/chall/ply-2.2/ply/yacc.py b/chall/ply-2.2/ply/yacc.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..caf98af
--- /dev/null
+++ b/chall/ply-2.2/ply/yacc.py
@@ -0,0 +1,2209 @@
+#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# ply: yacc.py
+#
+# Author(s): David M. Beazley (dave@dabeaz.com)
+#
+# Copyright (C) 2001-2006, David M. Beazley
+#
+# This library is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
+# modify it under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public
+# License as published by the Free Software Foundation; either
+# version 2.1 of the License, or (at your option) any later version.
+# 
+# This library is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+# but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+# MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU
+# Lesser General Public License for more details.
+# 
+# You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public
+# License along with this library; if not, write to the Free Software
+# Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place, Suite 330, Boston, MA  02111-1307  USA
+# 
+# See the file COPYING for a complete copy of the LGPL.
+#
+#
+# This implements an LR parser that is constructed from grammar rules defined
+# as Python functions. The grammer is specified by supplying the BNF inside
+# Python documentation strings.  The inspiration for this technique was borrowed
+# from John Aycock's Spark parsing system.  PLY might be viewed as cross between
+# Spark and the GNU bison utility.
+#
+# The current implementation is only somewhat object-oriented. The
+# LR parser itself is defined in terms of an object (which allows multiple
+# parsers to co-exist).  However, most of the variables used during table
+# construction are defined in terms of global variables.  Users shouldn't
+# notice unless they are trying to define multiple parsers at the same
+# time using threads (in which case they should have their head examined).
+#
+# This implementation supports both SLR and LALR(1) parsing.  LALR(1)
+# support was originally implemented by Elias Ioup (ezioup@alumni.uchicago.edu),
+# using the algorithm found in Aho, Sethi, and Ullman "Compilers: Principles,
+# Techniques, and Tools" (The Dragon Book).  LALR(1) has since been replaced
+# by the more efficient DeRemer and Pennello algorithm.
+#
+# :::::::: WARNING :::::::
+#
+# Construction of LR parsing tables is fairly complicated and expensive.
+# To make this module run fast, a *LOT* of work has been put into
+# optimization---often at the expensive of readability and what might
+# consider to be good Python "coding style."   Modify the code at your
+# own risk!
+# ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+__version__ = "2.2"
+
+#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+#                     === User configurable parameters ===
+#
+# Change these to modify the default behavior of yacc (if you wish)
+#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+yaccdebug   = 1                # Debugging mode.  If set, yacc generates a
+                               # a 'parser.out' file in the current directory
+
+debug_file  = 'parser.out'     # Default name of the debugging file
+tab_module  = 'parsetab'       # Default name of the table module
+default_lr  = 'LALR'           # Default LR table generation method
+
+error_count = 3                # Number of symbols that must be shifted to leave recovery mode
+
+import re, types, sys, cStringIO, md5, os.path
+
+# Exception raised for yacc-related errors
+class YaccError(Exception):   pass
+
+#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+#                        ===  LR Parsing Engine ===
+#
+# The following classes are used for the LR parser itself.  These are not
+# used during table construction and are independent of the actual LR
+# table generation algorithm
+#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+# This class is used to hold non-terminal grammar symbols during parsing.
+# It normally has the following attributes set:
+#        .type       = Grammar symbol type
+#        .value      = Symbol value
+#        .lineno     = Starting line number
+#        .endlineno  = Ending line number (optional, set automatically)
+#        .lexpos     = Starting lex position
+#        .endlexpos  = Ending lex position (optional, set automatically)
+
+class YaccSymbol:
+    def __str__(self):    return self.type
+    def __repr__(self):   return str(self)
+
+# This class is a wrapper around the objects actually passed to each
+# grammar rule.   Index lookup and assignment actually assign the
+# .value attribute of the underlying YaccSymbol object.
+# The lineno() method returns the line number of a given
+# item (or 0 if not defined).   The linespan() method returns
+# a tuple of (startline,endline) representing the range of lines
+# for a symbol.  The lexspan() method returns a tuple (lexpos,endlexpos)
+# representing the range of positional information for a symbol.
+
+class YaccProduction:
+    def __init__(self,s,stack=None):
+        self.slice = s
+        self.pbstack = []
+        self.stack = stack
+
+    def __getitem__(self,n):
+        if type(n) == types.IntType:
+             if n >= 0: return self.slice[n].value
+             else: return self.stack[n].value
+        else:
+             return [s.value for s in self.slice[n.start:n.stop:n.step]]
+
+    def __setitem__(self,n,v):
+        self.slice[n].value = v
+
+    def __len__(self):
+        return len(self.slice)
+    
+    def lineno(self,n):
+        return getattr(self.slice[n],"lineno",0)
+
+    def linespan(self,n):
+        startline = getattr(self.slice[n],"lineno",0)
+        endline = getattr(self.slice[n],"endlineno",startline)
+        return startline,endline
+
+    def lexpos(self,n):
+        return getattr(self.slice[n],"lexpos",0)
+
+    def lexspan(self,n):
+        startpos = getattr(self.slice[n],"lexpos",0)
+        endpos = getattr(self.slice[n],"endlexpos",startpos)
+        return startpos,endpos
+
+    def pushback(self,n):
+        if n <= 0:
+            raise ValueError, "Expected a positive value"
+        if n > (len(self.slice)-1):
+            raise ValueError, "Can't push %d tokens. Only %d are available." % (n,len(self.slice)-1)
+        for i in range(0,n):
+            self.pbstack.append(self.slice[-i-1])
+
+# The LR Parsing engine.   This is defined as a class so that multiple parsers
+# can exist in the same process.  A user never instantiates this directly.
+# Instead, the global yacc() function should be used to create a suitable Parser
+# object. 
+
+class Parser:
+    def __init__(self,magic=None):
+
+        # This is a hack to keep users from trying to instantiate a Parser
+        # object directly.
+
+        if magic != "xyzzy":
+            raise YaccError, "Can't instantiate Parser. Use yacc() instead."
+
+        # Reset internal state
+        self.productions = None          # List of productions
+        self.errorfunc   = None          # Error handling function
+        self.action      = { }           # LR Action table
+        self.goto        = { }           # LR goto table
+        self.require     = { }           # Attribute require table
+        self.method      = "Unknown LR"  # Table construction method used
+
+    def errok(self):
+        self.errorcount = 0
+
+    def restart(self):
+        del self.statestack[:]
+        del self.symstack[:]
+        sym = YaccSymbol()
+        sym.type = '$end'
+        self.symstack.append(sym)
+        self.statestack.append(0)
+        
+    def parse(self,input=None,lexer=None,debug=0):
+        lookahead = None                 # Current lookahead symbol
+        lookaheadstack = [ ]             # Stack of lookahead symbols
+        actions = self.action            # Local reference to action table
+        goto    = self.goto              # Local reference to goto table
+        prod    = self.productions       # Local reference to production list
+        pslice  = YaccProduction(None)   # Production object passed to grammar rules
+        pslice.parser = self             # Parser object
+        self.errorcount = 0              # Used during error recovery
+
+        # If no lexer was given, we will try to use the lex module
+        if not lexer:
+            import lex
+            lexer = lex.lexer
+
+        pslice.lexer = lexer
+        
+        # If input was supplied, pass to lexer
+        if input:
+            lexer.input(input)
+
+        # Tokenize function
+        get_token = lexer.token
+
+        statestack = [ ]                # Stack of parsing states
+        self.statestack = statestack
+        symstack   = [ ]                # Stack of grammar symbols
+        self.symstack = symstack
+
+        pslice.stack = symstack         # Put in the production
+        errtoken   = None               # Err token
+
+        # The start state is assumed to be (0,$end)
+        statestack.append(0)
+        sym = YaccSymbol()
+        sym.type = '$end'
+        symstack.append(sym)
+        
+        while 1:
+            # Get the next symbol on the input.  If a lookahead symbol
+            # is already set, we just use that. Otherwise, we'll pull
+            # the next token off of the lookaheadstack or from the lexer
+            if debug > 1:
+                print 'state', statestack[-1]
+            if not lookahead:
+                if not lookaheadstack:
+                    lookahead = get_token()     # Get the next token
+                else:
+                    lookahead = lookaheadstack.pop()
+                if not lookahead:
+                    lookahead = YaccSymbol()
+                    lookahead.type = '$end'
+            if debug:
+                errorlead = ("%s . %s" % (" ".join([xx.type for xx in symstack][1:]), str(lookahead))).lstrip()
+
+            # Check the action table
+            s = statestack[-1]
+            ltype = lookahead.type
+            t = actions.get((s,ltype),None)
+
+            if debug > 1:
+                print 'action', t
+            if t is not None:
+                if t > 0:
+                    # shift a symbol on the stack
+                    if ltype == '$end':
+                        # Error, end of input
+                        sys.stderr.write("yacc: Parse error. EOF\n")
+                        return
+                    statestack.append(t)
+                    if debug > 1:
+                        sys.stderr.write("%-60s shift state %s\n" % (errorlead, t))
+                    symstack.append(lookahead)
+                    lookahead = None
+
+                    # Decrease error count on successful shift
+                    if self.errorcount > 0:
+                        self.errorcount -= 1
+                        
+                    continue
+                
+                if t < 0:
+                    # reduce a symbol on the stack, emit a production
+                    p = prod[-t]
+                    pname = p.name
+                    plen  = p.len
+
+                    # Get production function
+                    sym = YaccSymbol()
+                    sym.type = pname       # Production name
+                    sym.value = None
+                    if debug > 1:
+                        sys.stderr.write("%-60s reduce %d\n" % (errorlead, -t))
+
+                    if plen:
+                        targ = symstack[-plen-1:]
+                        targ[0] = sym
+                        try:
+                            sym.lineno = targ[1].lineno
+                            sym.endlineno = getattr(targ[-1],"endlineno",targ[-1].lineno)
+                            sym.lexpos = targ[1].lexpos
+                            sym.endlexpos = getattr(targ[-1],"endlexpos",targ[-1].lexpos)
+                        except AttributeError:
+                            sym.lineno = 0
+                        del symstack[-plen:]
+                        del statestack[-plen:]
+                    else:
+                        sym.lineno = 0
+                        targ = [ sym ]
+                    pslice.slice = targ
+                    pslice.pbstack = []
+                    # Call the grammar rule with our special slice object
+                    p.func(pslice)
+
+                    # If there was a pushback, put that on the stack
+                    if pslice.pbstack:
+                        lookaheadstack.append(lookahead)
+                        for _t in pslice.pbstack:
+                            lookaheadstack.append(_t)
+                        lookahead = None
+
+                    symstack.append(sym)
+                    statestack.append(goto[statestack[-1],pname])
+                    continue
+
+                if t == 0:
+                    n = symstack[-1]
+                    return getattr(n,"value",None)
+                    sys.stderr.write(errorlead, "\n")
+
+            if t == None:
+                if debug:
+                    sys.stderr.write(errorlead + "\n")
+                # We have some kind of parsing error here.  To handle
+                # this, we are going to push the current token onto
+                # the tokenstack and replace it with an 'error' token.
+                # If there are any synchronization rules, they may
+                # catch it.
+                #
+                # In addition to pushing the error token, we call call
+                # the user defined p_error() function if this is the
+                # first syntax error.  This function is only called if
+                # errorcount == 0.
+                if not self.errorcount:
+                    self.errorcount = error_count
+                    errtoken = lookahead
+                    if errtoken.type == '$end':
+                        errtoken = None               # End of file!
+                    if self.errorfunc:
+                        global errok,token,restart
+                        errok = self.errok        # Set some special functions available in error recovery
+                        token = get_token
+                        restart = self.restart
+                        tok = self.errorfunc(errtoken)
+                        del errok, token, restart   # Delete special functions
+                        
+                        if not self.errorcount:
+                            # User must have done some kind of panic
+                            # mode recovery on their own.  The
+                            # returned token is the next lookahead
+                            lookahead = tok
+                            errtoken = None
+                            continue
+                    else:
+                        if errtoken:
+                            if hasattr(errtoken,"lineno"): lineno = lookahead.lineno
+                            else: lineno = 0
+                            if lineno:
+                                sys.stderr.write("yacc: Syntax error at line %d, token=%s\n" % (lineno, errtoken.type))
+                            else:
+                                sys.stderr.write("yacc: Syntax error, token=%s" % errtoken.type)
+                        else:
+                            sys.stderr.write("yacc: Parse error in input. EOF\n")
+                            return
+
+                else:
+                    self.errorcount = error_count
+                
+                # case 1:  the statestack only has 1 entry on it.  If we're in this state, the
+                # entire parse has been rolled back and we're completely hosed.   The token is
+                # discarded and we just keep going.
+
+                if len(statestack) <= 1 and lookahead.type != '$end':
+                    lookahead = None
+                    errtoken = None
+                    # Nuke the pushback stack
+                    del lookaheadstack[:]
+                    continue
+
+                # case 2: the statestack has a couple of entries on it, but we're
+                # at the end of the file. nuke the top entry and generate an error token
+
+                # Start nuking entries on the stack
+                if lookahead.type == '$end':
+                    # Whoa. We're really hosed here. Bail out
+                    return 
+
+                if lookahead.type != 'error':
+                    sym = symstack[-1]
+                    if sym.type == 'error':
+                        # Hmmm. Error is on top of stack, we'll just nuke input
+                        # symbol and continue
+                        lookahead = None
+                        continue
+                    t = YaccSymbol()
+                    t.type = 'error'
+                    if hasattr(lookahead,"lineno"):
+                        t.lineno = lookahead.lineno
+                    t.value = lookahead
+                    lookaheadstack.append(lookahead)
+                    lookahead = t
+                else:
+                    symstack.pop()
+                    statestack.pop()
+
+                continue
+
+            # Call an error function here
+            raise RuntimeError, "yacc: internal parser error!!!\n"
+
+# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+#                          === Parser Construction ===
+#
+# The following functions and variables are used to implement the yacc() function
+# itself.   This is pretty hairy stuff involving lots of error checking,
+# construction of LR items, kernels, and so forth.   Although a lot of
+# this work is done using global variables, the resulting Parser object
+# is completely self contained--meaning that it is safe to repeatedly
+# call yacc() with different grammars in the same application.
+# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+        
+# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# validate_file()
+#
+# This function checks to see if there are duplicated p_rulename() functions
+# in the parser module file.  Without this function, it is really easy for
+# users to make mistakes by cutting and pasting code fragments (and it's a real
+# bugger to try and figure out why the resulting parser doesn't work).  Therefore,
+# we just do a little regular expression pattern matching of def statements
+# to try and detect duplicates.
+# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+def validate_file(filename):
+    base,ext = os.path.splitext(filename)
+    if ext != '.py': return 1          # No idea. Assume it's okay.
+
+    try:
+        f = open(filename)
+        lines = f.readlines()
+        f.close()
+    except IOError:
+        return 1                       # Oh well
+
+    # Match def p_funcname(
+    fre = re.compile(r'\s*def\s+(p_[a-zA-Z_0-9]*)\(')
+    counthash = { }
+    linen = 1
+    noerror = 1
+    for l in lines:
+        m = fre.match(l)
+        if m:
+            name = m.group(1)
+            prev = counthash.get(name)
+            if not prev:
+                counthash[name] = linen
+            else:
+                sys.stderr.write("%s:%d: Function %s redefined. Previously defined on line %d\n" % (filename,linen,name,prev))
+                noerror = 0
+        linen += 1
+    return noerror
+
+# This function looks for functions that might be grammar rules, but which don't have the proper p_suffix.
+def validate_dict(d):
+    for n,v in d.items(): 
+        if n[0:2] == 'p_' and type(v) in (types.FunctionType, types.MethodType): continue
+        if n[0:2] == 't_': continue
+
+        if n[0:2] == 'p_':
+            sys.stderr.write("yacc: Warning. '%s' not defined as a function\n" % n)
+        if 1 and isinstance(v,types.FunctionType) and v.func_code.co_argcount == 1:
+            try:
+                doc = v.__doc__.split(" ")
+                if doc[1] == ':':
+                    sys.stderr.write("%s:%d: Warning. Possible grammar rule '%s' defined without p_ prefix.\n" % (v.func_code.co_filename, v.func_code.co_firstlineno,n))
+            except StandardError:
+                pass
+
+# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+#                           === GRAMMAR FUNCTIONS ===
+#
+# The following global variables and functions are used to store, manipulate,
+# and verify the grammar rules specified by the user.
+# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+# Initialize all of the global variables used during grammar construction
+def initialize_vars():
+    global Productions, Prodnames, Prodmap, Terminals 
+    global Nonterminals, First, Follow, Precedence, LRitems
+    global Errorfunc, Signature, Requires
+
+    Productions  = [None]  # A list of all of the productions.  The first
+                           # entry is always reserved for the purpose of
+                           # building an augmented grammar
+                        
+    Prodnames    = { }     # A dictionary mapping the names of nonterminals to a list of all
+                           # productions of that nonterminal.
+                        
+    Prodmap      = { }     # A dictionary that is only used to detect duplicate
+                           # productions.
+
+    Terminals    = { }     # A dictionary mapping the names of terminal symbols to a
+                           # list of the rules where they are used.
+
+    Nonterminals = { }     # A dictionary mapping names of nonterminals to a list
+                           # of rule numbers where they are used.
+
+    First        = { }     # A dictionary of precomputed FIRST(x) symbols
+    
+    Follow       = { }     # A dictionary of precomputed FOLLOW(x) symbols
+
+    Precedence   = { }     # Precedence rules for each terminal. Contains tuples of the
+                           # form ('right',level) or ('nonassoc', level) or ('left',level)
+
+    LRitems      = [ ]     # A list of all LR items for the grammar.  These are the
+                           # productions with the "dot" like E -> E . PLUS E
+
+    Errorfunc    = None    # User defined error handler
+
+    Signature    = md5.new()   # Digital signature of the grammar rules, precedence
+                               # and other information.  Used to determined when a
+                               # parsing table needs to be regenerated.
+
+    Requires     = { }     # Requires list
+
+    # File objects used when creating the parser.out debugging file
+    global _vf, _vfc
+    _vf           = cStringIO.StringIO()
+    _vfc          = cStringIO.StringIO()
+
+# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# class Production:
+#
+# This class stores the raw information about a single production or grammar rule.
+# It has a few required attributes:
+#
+#       name     - Name of the production (nonterminal)
+#       prod     - A list of symbols making up its production
+#       number   - Production number.
+#
+# In addition, a few additional attributes are used to help with debugging or
+# optimization of table generation.
+#
+#       file     - File where production action is defined.
+#       lineno   - Line number where action is defined
+#       func     - Action function
+#       prec     - Precedence level
+#       lr_next  - Next LR item. Example, if we are ' E -> E . PLUS E'
+#                  then lr_next refers to 'E -> E PLUS . E'   
+#       lr_index - LR item index (location of the ".") in the prod list.
+#       lookaheads - LALR lookahead symbols for this item
+#       len      - Length of the production (number of symbols on right hand side)
+# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+class Production:
+    def __init__(self,**kw):
+        for k,v in kw.items():
+            setattr(self,k,v)
+        self.lr_index = -1
+        self.lr0_added = 0    # Flag indicating whether or not added to LR0 closure
+        self.lr1_added = 0    # Flag indicating whether or not added to LR1
+        self.usyms = [ ]
+        self.lookaheads = { }
+        self.lk_added = { }
+        self.setnumbers = [ ]
+        
+    def __str__(self):
+        if self.prod:
+            s = "%s -> %s" % (self.name," ".join(self.prod))
+        else:
+            s = "%s -> <empty>" % self.name
+        return s
+
+    def __repr__(self):
+        return str(self)
+
+    # Compute lr_items from the production
+    def lr_item(self,n):
+        if n > len(self.prod): return None
+        p = Production()
+        p.name = self.name
+        p.prod = list(self.prod)
+        p.number = self.number
+        p.lr_index = n
+        p.lookaheads = { }
+        p.setnumbers = self.setnumbers
+        p.prod.insert(n,".")
+        p.prod = tuple(p.prod)
+        p.len = len(p.prod)
+        p.usyms = self.usyms
+
+        # Precompute list of productions immediately following
+        try:
+            p.lrafter = Prodnames[p.prod[n+1]]
+        except (IndexError,KeyError),e:
+            p.lrafter = []
+        try:
+            p.lrbefore = p.prod[n-1]
+        except IndexError:
+            p.lrbefore = None
+
+        return p
+
+class MiniProduction:
+    pass
+
+# regex matching identifiers
+_is_identifier = re.compile(r'^[a-zA-Z0-9_-]+$')
+
+# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# add_production()
+#
+# Given an action function, this function assembles a production rule.
+# The production rule is assumed to be found in the function's docstring.
+# This rule has the general syntax:
+#
+#              name1 ::= production1
+#                     |  production2
+#                     |  production3
+#                    ...
+#                     |  productionn
+#              name2 ::= production1
+#                     |  production2
+#                    ... 
+# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+def add_production(f,file,line,prodname,syms):
+    
+    if Terminals.has_key(prodname):
+        sys.stderr.write("%s:%d: Illegal rule name '%s'. Already defined as a token.\n" % (file,line,prodname))
+        return -1
+    if prodname == 'error':
+        sys.stderr.write("%s:%d: Illegal rule name '%s'. error is a reserved word.\n" % (file,line,prodname))
+        return -1
+                
+    if not _is_identifier.match(prodname):
+        sys.stderr.write("%s:%d: Illegal rule name '%s'\n" % (file,line,prodname))
+        return -1
+
+    for x in range(len(syms)):
+        s = syms[x]
+        if s[0] in "'\"":
+             try:
+                 c = eval(s)
+                 if (len(c) > 1):
+                      sys.stderr.write("%s:%d: Literal token %s in rule '%s' may only be a single character\n" % (file,line,s, prodname)) 
+                      return -1
+                 if not Terminals.has_key(c):
+                      Terminals[c] = []
+                 syms[x] = c
+                 continue
+             except SyntaxError:
+                 pass
+        if not _is_identifier.match(s) and s != '%prec':
+            sys.stderr.write("%s:%d: Illegal name '%s' in rule '%s'\n" % (file,line,s, prodname))
+            return -1
+
+    # See if the rule is already in the rulemap
+    map = "%s -> %s" % (prodname,syms)
+    if Prodmap.has_key(map):
+        m = Prodmap[map]
+        sys.stderr.write("%s:%d: Duplicate rule %s.\n" % (file,line, m))
+        sys.stderr.write("%s:%d: Previous definition at %s:%d\n" % (file,line, m.file, m.line))
+        return -1
+
+    p = Production()
+    p.name = prodname
+    p.prod = syms
+    p.file = file
+    p.line = line
+    p.func = f
+    p.number = len(Productions)
+
+            
+    Productions.append(p)
+    Prodmap[map] = p
+    if not Nonterminals.has_key(prodname):
+        Nonterminals[prodname] = [ ]
+    
+    # Add all terminals to Terminals
+    i = 0
+    while i < len(p.prod):
+        t = p.prod[i]
+        if t == '%prec':
+            try:
+                precname = p.prod[i+1]
+            except IndexError:
+                sys.stderr.write("%s:%d: Syntax error. Nothing follows %%prec.\n" % (p.file,p.line))
+                return -1
+
+            prec = Precedence.get(precname,None)
+            if not prec:
+                sys.stderr.write("%s:%d: Nothing known about the precedence of '%s'\n" % (p.file,p.line,precname))
+                return -1
+            else:
+                p.prec = prec
+            del p.prod[i]
+            del p.prod[i]
+            continue
+
+        if Terminals.has_key(t):
+            Terminals[t].append(p.number)
+            # Is a terminal.  We'll assign a precedence to p based on this
+            if not hasattr(p,"prec"):
+                p.prec = Precedence.get(t,('right',0))
+        else:
+            if not Nonterminals.has_key(t):
+                Nonterminals[t] = [ ]
+            Nonterminals[t].append(p.number)
+        i += 1
+
+    if not hasattr(p,"prec"):
+        p.prec = ('right',0)
+        
+    # Set final length of productions
+    p.len  = len(p.prod)
+    p.prod = tuple(p.prod)
+
+    # Calculate unique syms in the production
+    p.usyms = [ ]
+    for s in p.prod:
+        if s not in p.usyms:
+            p.usyms.append(s)
+    
+    # Add to the global productions list
+    try:
+        Prodnames[p.name].append(p)
+    except KeyError:
+        Prodnames[p.name] = [ p ]
+    return 0
+
+# Given a raw rule function, this function rips out its doc string
+# and adds rules to the grammar
+
+def add_function(f):
+    line = f.func_code.co_firstlineno
+    file = f.func_code.co_filename
+    error = 0
+
+    if isinstance(f,types.MethodType):
+        reqdargs = 2
+    else:
+        reqdargs = 1
+        
+    if f.func_code.co_argcount > reqdargs:
+        sys.stderr.write("%s:%d: Rule '%s' has too many arguments.\n" % (file,line,f.__name__))
+        return -1
+
+    if f.func_code.co_argcount < reqdargs:
+        sys.stderr.write("%s:%d: Rule '%s' requires an argument.\n" % (file,line,f.__name__))
+        return -1
+          
+    if f.__doc__:
+        # Split the doc string into lines
+        pstrings = f.__doc__.splitlines()
+        lastp = None
+        dline = line
+        for ps in pstrings:
+            dline += 1
+            p = ps.split()
+            if not p: continue
+            try:
+                if p[0] == '|':
+                    # This is a continuation of a previous rule
+                    if not lastp:
+                        sys.stderr.write("%s:%d: Misplaced '|'.\n" % (file,dline))
+                        return -1
+                    prodname = lastp
+                    if len(p) > 1:
+                        syms = p[1:]
+                    else:
+                        syms = [ ]
+                else:
+                    prodname = p[0]
+                    lastp = prodname
+                    assign = p[1]
+                    if len(p) > 2:
+                        syms = p[2:]
+                    else:
+                        syms = [ ]
+                    if assign != ':' and assign != '::=':
+                        sys.stderr.write("%s:%d: Syntax error. Expected ':'\n" % (file,dline))
+                        return -1
+                         
+ 
+                e = add_production(f,file,dline,prodname,syms)
+                error += e
+
+                
+            except StandardError:
+                sys.stderr.write("%s:%d: Syntax error in rule '%s'\n" % (file,dline,ps))
+                error -= 1
+    else:
+        sys.stderr.write("%s:%d: No documentation string specified in function '%s'\n" % (file,line,f.__name__))
+    return error
+
+
+# Cycle checking code (Michael Dyck)
+
+def compute_reachable():
+    '''
+    Find each symbol that can be reached from the start symbol.
+    Print a warning for any nonterminals that can't be reached.
+    (Unused terminals have already had their warning.)
+    '''
+    Reachable = { }
+    for s in Terminals.keys() + Nonterminals.keys():
+        Reachable[s] = 0
+
+    mark_reachable_from( Productions[0].prod[0], Reachable )
+
+    for s in Nonterminals.keys():
+        if not Reachable[s]:
+            sys.stderr.write("yacc: Symbol '%s' is unreachable.\n" % s)
+
+def mark_reachable_from(s, Reachable):
+    '''
+    Mark all symbols that are reachable from symbol s.
+    '''
+    if Reachable[s]:
+        # We've already reached symbol s.
+        return
+    Reachable[s] = 1
+    for p in Prodnames.get(s,[]):
+        for r in p.prod:
+            mark_reachable_from(r, Reachable)
+
+# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# compute_terminates()
+#
+# This function looks at the various parsing rules and tries to detect
+# infinite recursion cycles (grammar rules where there is no possible way
+# to derive a string of only terminals).
+# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+def compute_terminates():
+    '''
+    Raise an error for any symbols that don't terminate.
+    '''
+    Terminates = {}
+
+    # Terminals:
+    for t in Terminals.keys():
+        Terminates[t] = 1
+
+    Terminates['$end'] = 1
+
+    # Nonterminals:
+
+    # Initialize to false:
+    for n in Nonterminals.keys():
+        Terminates[n] = 0
+
+    # Then propagate termination until no change:
+    while 1:
+        some_change = 0
+        for (n,pl) in Prodnames.items():
+            # Nonterminal n terminates iff any of its productions terminates.
+            for p in pl:
+                # Production p terminates iff all of its rhs symbols terminate.
+                for s in p.prod:
+                    if not Terminates[s]:
+                        # The symbol s does not terminate,
+                        # so production p does not terminate.
+                        p_terminates = 0
+                        break
+                else:
+                    # didn't break from the loop,
+                    # so every symbol s terminates
+                    # so production p terminates.
+                    p_terminates = 1
+
+                if p_terminates:
+                    # symbol n terminates!
+                    if not Terminates[n]:
+                        Terminates[n] = 1
+                        some_change = 1
+                    # Don't need to consider any more productions for this n.
+                    break
+
+        if not some_change:
+            break
+
+    some_error = 0
+    for (s,terminates) in Terminates.items():
+        if not terminates:
+            if not Prodnames.has_key(s) and not Terminals.has_key(s) and s != 'error':
+                # s is used-but-not-defined, and we've already warned of that,
+                # so it would be overkill to say that it's also non-terminating.
+                pass
+            else:
+                sys.stderr.write("yacc: Infinite recursion detected for symbol '%s'.\n" % s)
+                some_error = 1
+
+    return some_error
+
+# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# verify_productions()
+#
+# This function examines all of the supplied rules to see if they seem valid.
+# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+def verify_productions(cycle_check=1):
+    error = 0
+    for p in Productions:
+        if not p: continue
+
+        for s in p.prod:
+            if not Prodnames.has_key(s) and not Terminals.has_key(s) and s != 'error':
+                sys.stderr.write("%s:%d: Symbol '%s' used, but not defined as a token or a rule.\n" % (p.file,p.line,s))
+                error = 1
+                continue
+
+    unused_tok = 0 
+    # Now verify all of the tokens
+    if yaccdebug:
+        _vf.write("Unused terminals:\n\n")
+    for s,v in Terminals.items():
+        if s != 'error' and not v:
+            sys.stderr.write("yacc: Warning. Token '%s' defined, but not used.\n" % s)
+            if yaccdebug: _vf.write("   %s\n"% s)
+            unused_tok += 1
+
+    # Print out all of the productions
+    if yaccdebug:
+        _vf.write("\nGrammar\n\n")
+        for i in range(1,len(Productions)):
+            _vf.write("Rule %-5d %s\n" % (i, Productions[i]))
+        
+    unused_prod = 0
+    # Verify the use of all productions
+    for s,v in Nonterminals.items():
+        if not v:
+            p = Prodnames[s][0]
+            sys.stderr.write("%s:%d: Warning. Rule '%s' defined, but not used.\n" % (p.file,p.line, s))
+            unused_prod += 1
+
+    
+    if unused_tok == 1:
+        sys.stderr.write("yacc: Warning. There is 1 unused token.\n")
+    if unused_tok > 1:
+        sys.stderr.write("yacc: Warning. There are %d unused tokens.\n" % unused_tok)
+
+    if unused_prod == 1:
+        sys.stderr.write("yacc: Warning. There is 1 unused rule.\n")
+    if unused_prod > 1:
+        sys.stderr.write("yacc: Warning. There are %d unused rules.\n" % unused_prod)
+
+    if yaccdebug:
+        _vf.write("\nTerminals, with rules where they appear\n\n")
+        ks = Terminals.keys()
+        ks.sort()
+        for k in ks:
+            _vf.write("%-20s : %s\n" % (k, " ".join([str(s) for s in Terminals[k]])))
+        _vf.write("\nNonterminals, with rules where they appear\n\n")
+        ks = Nonterminals.keys()
+        ks.sort()
+        for k in ks:
+            _vf.write("%-20s : %s\n" % (k, " ".join([str(s) for s in Nonterminals[k]])))
+
+    if (cycle_check):
+        compute_reachable()
+        error += compute_terminates()
+#        error += check_cycles()
+    return error
+
+# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# build_lritems()
+#
+# This function walks the list of productions and builds a complete set of the
+# LR items.  The LR items are stored in two ways:  First, they are uniquely
+# numbered and placed in the list _lritems.  Second, a linked list of LR items
+# is built for each production.  For example:
+#
+#   E -> E PLUS E
+#
+# Creates the list
+#
+#  [E -> . E PLUS E, E -> E . PLUS E, E -> E PLUS . E, E -> E PLUS E . ] 
+# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+def build_lritems():
+    for p in Productions:
+        lastlri = p
+        lri = p.lr_item(0)
+        i = 0
+        while 1:
+            lri = p.lr_item(i)
+            lastlri.lr_next = lri
+            if not lri: break
+            lri.lr_num = len(LRitems)
+            LRitems.append(lri)
+            lastlri = lri
+            i += 1
+
+    # In order for the rest of the parser generator to work, we need to
+    # guarantee that no more lritems are generated.  Therefore, we nuke
+    # the p.lr_item method.  (Only used in debugging)
+    # Production.lr_item = None
+
+# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# add_precedence()
+#
+# Given a list of precedence rules, add to the precedence table.
+# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+def add_precedence(plist):
+    plevel = 0
+    error = 0
+    for p in plist:
+        plevel += 1
+        try:
+            prec = p[0]
+            terms = p[1:]
+            if prec != 'left' and prec != 'right' and prec != 'nonassoc':
+                sys.stderr.write("yacc: Invalid precedence '%s'\n" % prec)
+                return -1
+            for t in terms:
+                if Precedence.has_key(t):
+                    sys.stderr.write("yacc: Precedence already specified for terminal '%s'\n" % t)
+                    error += 1
+                    continue
+                Precedence[t] = (prec,plevel)
+        except:
+            sys.stderr.write("yacc: Invalid precedence table.\n")
+            error += 1
+
+    return error
+
+# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# augment_grammar()
+#
+# Compute the augmented grammar.  This is just a rule S' -> start where start
+# is the starting symbol.
+# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+def augment_grammar(start=None):
+    if not start:
+        start = Productions[1].name
+    Productions[0] = Production(name="S'",prod=[start],number=0,len=1,prec=('right',0),func=None)
+    Productions[0].usyms = [ start ]
+    Nonterminals[start].append(0)
+
+
+# -------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# first()
+#
+# Compute the value of FIRST1(beta) where beta is a tuple of symbols.
+#
+# During execution of compute_first1, the result may be incomplete.
+# Afterward (e.g., when called from compute_follow()), it will be complete.
+# -------------------------------------------------------------------------
+def first(beta):
+
+    # We are computing First(x1,x2,x3,...,xn)
+    result = [ ]
+    for x in beta:
+        x_produces_empty = 0
+
+        # Add all the non-<empty> symbols of First[x] to the result.
+        for f in First[x]:
+            if f == '<empty>':
+                x_produces_empty = 1
+            else:
+                if f not in result: result.append(f)
+
+        if x_produces_empty:
+            # We have to consider the next x in beta,
+            # i.e. stay in the loop.
+            pass
+        else:
+            # We don't have to consider any further symbols in beta.
+            break
+    else:
+        # There was no 'break' from the loop,
+        # so x_produces_empty was true for all x in beta,
+        # so beta produces empty as well.
+        result.append('<empty>')
+
+    return result
+
+
+# FOLLOW(x)
+# Given a non-terminal.  This function computes the set of all symbols
+# that might follow it.  Dragon book, p. 189.
+
+def compute_follow(start=None):
+    # Add '$end' to the follow list of the start symbol
+    for k in Nonterminals.keys():
+        Follow[k] = [ ]
+
+    if not start:
+        start = Productions[1].name
+        
+    Follow[start] = [ '$end' ]
+        
+    while 1:
+        didadd = 0
+        for p in Productions[1:]:
+            # Here is the production set
+            for i in range(len(p.prod)):
+                B = p.prod[i]
+                if Nonterminals.has_key(B):
+                    # Okay. We got a non-terminal in a production
+                    fst = first(p.prod[i+1:])
+                    hasempty = 0
+                    for f in fst:
+                        if f != '<empty>' and f not in Follow[B]:
+                            Follow[B].append(f)
+                            didadd = 1
+                        if f == '<empty>':
+                            hasempty = 1
+                    if hasempty or i == (len(p.prod)-1):
+                        # Add elements of follow(a) to follow(b)
+                        for f in Follow[p.name]:
+                            if f not in Follow[B]:
+                                Follow[B].append(f)
+                                didadd = 1
+        if not didadd: break
+
+    if 0 and yaccdebug:
+        _vf.write('\nFollow:\n')
+        for k in Nonterminals.keys():
+            _vf.write("%-20s : %s\n" % (k, " ".join([str(s) for s in Follow[k]])))
+
+# -------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# compute_first1()
+#
+# Compute the value of FIRST1(X) for all symbols
+# -------------------------------------------------------------------------
+def compute_first1():
+
+    # Terminals:
+    for t in Terminals.keys():
+        First[t] = [t]
+
+    First['$end'] = ['$end']
+    First['#'] = ['#'] # what's this for?
+
+    # Nonterminals:
+
+    # Initialize to the empty set:
+    for n in Nonterminals.keys():
+        First[n] = []
+
+    # Then propagate symbols until no change:
+    while 1:
+        some_change = 0
+        for n in Nonterminals.keys():
+            for p in Prodnames[n]:
+                for f in first(p.prod):
+                    if f not in First[n]:
+                        First[n].append( f )
+                        some_change = 1
+        if not some_change:
+            break
+
+    if 0 and yaccdebug:
+        _vf.write('\nFirst:\n')
+        for k in Nonterminals.keys():
+            _vf.write("%-20s : %s\n" %
+                (k, " ".join([str(s) for s in First[k]])))
+
+# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+#                           === SLR Generation ===
+#
+# The following functions are used to construct SLR (Simple LR) parsing tables
+# as described on p.221-229 of the dragon book.
+# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+# Global variables for the LR parsing engine
+def lr_init_vars():
+    global _lr_action, _lr_goto, _lr_method
+    global _lr_goto_cache, _lr0_cidhash
+    
+    _lr_action       = { }        # Action table
+    _lr_goto         = { }        # Goto table
+    _lr_method       = "Unknown"  # LR method used
+    _lr_goto_cache   = { }
+    _lr0_cidhash     = { }
+
+
+# Compute the LR(0) closure operation on I, where I is a set of LR(0) items.
+# prodlist is a list of productions.
+
+_add_count = 0       # Counter used to detect cycles
+
+def lr0_closure(I):
+    global _add_count
+    
+    _add_count += 1
+    prodlist = Productions
+    
+    # Add everything in I to J        
+    J = I[:]
+    didadd = 1
+    while didadd:
+        didadd = 0
+        for j in J:
+            for x in j.lrafter:
+                if x.lr0_added == _add_count: continue
+                # Add B --> .G to J
+                J.append(x.lr_next)
+                x.lr0_added = _add_count
+                didadd = 1
+               
+    return J
+
+# Compute the LR(0) goto function goto(I,X) where I is a set
+# of LR(0) items and X is a grammar symbol.   This function is written
+# in a way that guarantees uniqueness of the generated goto sets
+# (i.e. the same goto set will never be returned as two different Python
+# objects).  With uniqueness, we can later do fast set comparisons using
+# id(obj) instead of element-wise comparison.
+
+def lr0_goto(I,x):
+    # First we look for a previously cached entry
+    g = _lr_goto_cache.get((id(I),x),None)
+    if g: return g
+
+    # Now we generate the goto set in a way that guarantees uniqueness
+    # of the result
+    
+    s = _lr_goto_cache.get(x,None)
+    if not s:
+        s = { }
+        _lr_goto_cache[x] = s
+
+    gs = [ ]
+    for p in I:
+        n = p.lr_next
+        if n and n.lrbefore == x:
+            s1 = s.get(id(n),None)
+            if not s1:
+                s1 = { }
+                s[id(n)] = s1
+            gs.append(n)
+            s = s1
+    g = s.get('$end',None)
+    if not g:
+        if gs:
+            g = lr0_closure(gs)
+            s['$end'] = g
+        else:
+            s['$end'] = gs
+    _lr_goto_cache[(id(I),x)] = g
+    return g
+
+_lr0_cidhash = { }
+
+# Compute the LR(0) sets of item function
+def lr0_items():
+    
+    C = [ lr0_closure([Productions[0].lr_next]) ]
+    i = 0
+    for I in C:
+        _lr0_cidhash[id(I)] = i
+        i += 1
+
+    # Loop over the items in C and each grammar symbols
+    i = 0
+    while i < len(C):
+        I = C[i]
+        i += 1
+
+        # Collect all of the symbols that could possibly be in the goto(I,X) sets
+        asyms = { }
+        for ii in I:
+            for s in ii.usyms:
+                asyms[s] = None
+
+        for x in asyms.keys():
+            g = lr0_goto(I,x)
+            if not g:  continue
+            if _lr0_cidhash.has_key(id(g)): continue
+            _lr0_cidhash[id(g)] = len(C)            
+            C.append(g)
+            
+    return C
+
+# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+#                       ==== LALR(1) Parsing ====
+#
+# LALR(1) parsing is almost exactly the same as SLR except that instead of
+# relying upon Follow() sets when performing reductions, a more selective
+# lookahead set that incorporates the state of the LR(0) machine is utilized.
+# Thus, we mainly just have to focus on calculating the lookahead sets.
+#
+# The method used here is due to DeRemer and Pennelo (1982).
+#
+# DeRemer, F. L., and T. J. Pennelo: "Efficient Computation of LALR(1)
+#     Lookahead Sets", ACM Transactions on Programming Languages and Systems,
+#     Vol. 4, No. 4, Oct. 1982, pp. 615-649
+#
+# Further details can also be found in:
+#
+#  J. Tremblay and P. Sorenson, "The Theory and Practice of Compiler Writing",
+#      McGraw-Hill Book Company, (1985).
+#
+# Note:  This implementation is a complete replacement of the LALR(1) 
+#        implementation in PLY-1.x releases.   That version was based on
+#        a less efficient algorithm and it had bugs in its implementation.
+# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# compute_nullable_nonterminals()
+#
+# Creates a dictionary containing all of the non-terminals that might produce
+# an empty production.   
+# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+def compute_nullable_nonterminals():
+    nullable = {}
+    num_nullable = 0
+    while 1:
+       for p in Productions[1:]:
+           if p.len == 0:
+                nullable[p.name] = 1
+                continue
+           for t in p.prod:
+                if not nullable.has_key(t): break
+           else:
+                nullable[p.name] = 1
+       if len(nullable) == num_nullable: break
+       num_nullable = len(nullable)
+    return nullable
+
+# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# find_nonterminal_trans(C)
+#
+# Given a set of LR(0) items, this functions finds all of the non-terminal
+# transitions.    These are transitions in which a dot appears immediately before
+# a non-terminal.   Returns a list of tuples of the form (state,N) where state
+# is the state number and N is the nonterminal symbol.
+#
+# The input C is the set of LR(0) items.
+# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+def find_nonterminal_transitions(C):
+     trans = []
+     for state in range(len(C)):
+         for p in C[state]:
+             if p.lr_index < p.len - 1:
+                  t = (state,p.prod[p.lr_index+1])
+                  if Nonterminals.has_key(t[1]):
+                        if t not in trans: trans.append(t)
+         state = state + 1
+     return trans
+
+# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# dr_relation()
+#
+# Computes the DR(p,A) relationships for non-terminal transitions.  The input
+# is a tuple (state,N) where state is a number and N is a nonterminal symbol.
+#
+# Returns a list of terminals.
+# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+def dr_relation(C,trans,nullable):
+    dr_set = { }
+    state,N = trans
+    terms = []
+
+    g = lr0_goto(C[state],N)
+    for p in g:
+       if p.lr_index < p.len - 1:
+           a = p.prod[p.lr_index+1]
+           if Terminals.has_key(a):
+               if a not in terms: terms.append(a)
+
+    # This extra bit is to handle the start state
+    if state == 0 and N == Productions[0].prod[0]:
+       terms.append('$end')
+ 
+    return terms
+
+# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# reads_relation()
+#
+# Computes the READS() relation (p,A) READS (t,C).
+# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+def reads_relation(C, trans, empty):
+    # Look for empty transitions
+    rel = []
+    state, N = trans
+
+    g = lr0_goto(C[state],N)
+    j = _lr0_cidhash.get(id(g),-1)
+    for p in g:
+        if p.lr_index < p.len - 1:
+             a = p.prod[p.lr_index + 1]
+             if empty.has_key(a):
+                  rel.append((j,a))
+
+    return rel
+
+# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# compute_lookback_includes()
+#
+# Determines the lookback and includes relations
+#
+# LOOKBACK:
+# 
+# This relation is determined by running the LR(0) state machine forward.
+# For example, starting with a production "N : . A B C", we run it forward
+# to obtain "N : A B C ."   We then build a relationship between this final
+# state and the starting state.   These relationships are stored in a dictionary
+# lookdict.   
+#
+# INCLUDES:
+#
+# Computes the INCLUDE() relation (p,A) INCLUDES (p',B).   
+#
+# This relation is used to determine non-terminal transitions that occur
+# inside of other non-terminal transition states.   (p,A) INCLUDES (p', B)
+# if the following holds:
+#
+#       B -> LAT, where T -> epsilon and p' -L-> p 
+#
+# L is essentially a prefix (which may be empty), T is a suffix that must be
+# able to derive an empty string.  State p' must lead to state p with the string L.
+# 
+# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+def compute_lookback_includes(C,trans,nullable):
+    
+    lookdict = {}          # Dictionary of lookback relations
+    includedict = {}       # Dictionary of include relations
+
+    # Make a dictionary of non-terminal transitions
+    dtrans = {}
+    for t in trans:
+        dtrans[t] = 1
+    
+    # Loop over all transitions and compute lookbacks and includes
+    for state,N in trans:
+        lookb = []
+        includes = []
+        for p in C[state]:
+            if p.name != N: continue
+        
+            # Okay, we have a name match.  We now follow the production all the way
+            # through the state machine until we get the . on the right hand side
+
+            lr_index = p.lr_index
+            j = state
+            while lr_index < p.len - 1:
+                 lr_index = lr_index + 1
+                 t = p.prod[lr_index]
+
+                 # Check to see if this symbol and state are a non-terminal transition
+                 if dtrans.has_key((j,t)):
+                       # Yes.  Okay, there is some chance that this is an includes relation
+                       # the only way to know for certain is whether the rest of the 
+                       # production derives empty
+
+                       li = lr_index + 1
+                       while li < p.len:
+                            if Terminals.has_key(p.prod[li]): break      # No forget it
+                            if not nullable.has_key(p.prod[li]): break
+                            li = li + 1
+                       else:
+                            # Appears to be a relation between (j,t) and (state,N)
+                            includes.append((j,t))
+
+                 g = lr0_goto(C[j],t)               # Go to next set             
+                 j = _lr0_cidhash.get(id(g),-1)     # Go to next state
+             
+            # When we get here, j is the final state, now we have to locate the production
+            for r in C[j]:
+                 if r.name != p.name: continue
+                 if r.len != p.len:   continue
+                 i = 0
+                 # This look is comparing a production ". A B C" with "A B C ."
+                 while i < r.lr_index:
+                      if r.prod[i] != p.prod[i+1]: break
+                      i = i + 1
+                 else:
+                      lookb.append((j,r))
+        for i in includes:
+             if not includedict.has_key(i): includedict[i] = []
+             includedict[i].append((state,N))
+        lookdict[(state,N)] = lookb
+
+    return lookdict,includedict
+
+# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# digraph()
+# traverse()
+#
+# The following two functions are used to compute set valued functions
+# of the form:
+#
+#     F(x) = F'(x) U U{F(y) | x R y}
+#
+# This is used to compute the values of Read() sets as well as FOLLOW sets
+# in LALR(1) generation.
+#
+# Inputs:  X    - An input set
+#          R    - A relation
+#          FP   - Set-valued function
+# ------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+def digraph(X,R,FP):
+    N = { }
+    for x in X:
+       N[x] = 0
+    stack = []
+    F = { }
+    for x in X:
+        if N[x] == 0: traverse(x,N,stack,F,X,R,FP)
+    return F
+
+def traverse(x,N,stack,F,X,R,FP):
+    stack.append(x)
+    d = len(stack)
+    N[x] = d
+    F[x] = FP(x)             # F(X) <- F'(x)
+    
+    rel = R(x)               # Get y's related to x
+    for y in rel:
+        if N[y] == 0:
+             traverse(y,N,stack,F,X,R,FP)
+        N[x] = min(N[x],N[y])
+        for a in F.get(y,[]):
+            if a not in F[x]: F[x].append(a)
+    if N[x] == d:
+       N[stack[-1]] = sys.maxint
+       F[stack[-1]] = F[x]
+       element = stack.pop()
+       while element != x:
+           N[stack[-1]] = sys.maxint
+           F[stack[-1]] = F[x]
+           element = stack.pop()
+
+# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# compute_read_sets()
+#
+# Given a set of LR(0) items, this function computes the read sets.
+#
+# Inputs:  C        =  Set of LR(0) items
+#          ntrans   = Set of nonterminal transitions
+#          nullable = Set of empty transitions
+#
+# Returns a set containing the read sets
+# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+def compute_read_sets(C, ntrans, nullable):
+    FP = lambda x: dr_relation(C,x,nullable)
+    R =  lambda x: reads_relation(C,x,nullable)
+    F = digraph(ntrans,R,FP)
+    return F
+
+# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# compute_follow_sets()
+#
+# Given a set of LR(0) items, a set of non-terminal transitions, a readset, 
+# and an include set, this function computes the follow sets
+#
+# Follow(p,A) = Read(p,A) U U {Follow(p',B) | (p,A) INCLUDES (p',B)}
+#
+# Inputs:    
+#            ntrans     = Set of nonterminal transitions
+#            readsets   = Readset (previously computed)
+#            inclsets   = Include sets (previously computed)
+#
+# Returns a set containing the follow sets      
+# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+def compute_follow_sets(ntrans,readsets,inclsets):
+     FP = lambda x: readsets[x]
+     R  = lambda x: inclsets.get(x,[])
+     F = digraph(ntrans,R,FP)
+     return F
+
+# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# add_lookaheads()
+#
+# Attaches the lookahead symbols to grammar rules. 
+#
+# Inputs:    lookbacks         -  Set of lookback relations
+#            followset         -  Computed follow set
+#
+# This function directly attaches the lookaheads to productions contained
+# in the lookbacks set
+# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+def add_lookaheads(lookbacks,followset):
+    for trans,lb in lookbacks.items():
+        # Loop over productions in lookback
+        for state,p in lb:
+             if not p.lookaheads.has_key(state):
+                  p.lookaheads[state] = []
+             f = followset.get(trans,[])
+             for a in f:
+                  if a not in p.lookaheads[state]: p.lookaheads[state].append(a)
+
+# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# add_lalr_lookaheads()
+#
+# This function does all of the work of adding lookahead information for use
+# with LALR parsing
+# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+def add_lalr_lookaheads(C):
+    # Determine all of the nullable nonterminals
+    nullable = compute_nullable_nonterminals()
+
+    # Find all non-terminal transitions
+    trans = find_nonterminal_transitions(C)
+
+    # Compute read sets
+    readsets = compute_read_sets(C,trans,nullable)
+
+    # Compute lookback/includes relations
+    lookd, included = compute_lookback_includes(C,trans,nullable)
+
+    # Compute LALR FOLLOW sets
+    followsets = compute_follow_sets(trans,readsets,included)
+    
+    # Add all of the lookaheads
+    add_lookaheads(lookd,followsets)
+
+# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# lr_parse_table()
+#
+# This function constructs the parse tables for SLR or LALR
+# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+def lr_parse_table(method):
+    global _lr_method
+    goto = _lr_goto           # Goto array
+    action = _lr_action       # Action array
+    actionp = { }             # Action production array (temporary)
+
+    _lr_method = method
+    
+    n_srconflict = 0
+    n_rrconflict = 0
+
+    if yaccdebug:
+        sys.stderr.write("yacc: Generating %s parsing table...\n" % method)        
+        _vf.write("\n\nParsing method: %s\n\n" % method)
+        
+    # Step 1: Construct C = { I0, I1, ... IN}, collection of LR(0) items
+    # This determines the number of states
+    
+    C = lr0_items()
+
+    if method == 'LALR':
+        add_lalr_lookaheads(C)
+
+    # Build the parser table, state by state
+    st = 0
+    for I in C:
+        # Loop over each production in I
+        actlist = [ ]              # List of actions
+        
+        if yaccdebug:
+            _vf.write("\nstate %d\n\n" % st)
+            for p in I:
+                _vf.write("    (%d) %s\n" % (p.number, str(p)))
+            _vf.write("\n")
+
+        for p in I:
+            try:
+                if p.prod[-1] == ".":
+                    if p.name == "S'":
+                        # Start symbol. Accept!
+                        action[st,"$end"] = 0
+                        actionp[st,"$end"] = p
+                    else:
+                        # We are at the end of a production.  Reduce!
+                        if method == 'LALR':
+                            laheads = p.lookaheads[st]
+                        else:
+                            laheads = Follow[p.name]
+                        for a in laheads:
+                            actlist.append((a,p,"reduce using rule %d (%s)" % (p.number,p)))
+                            r = action.get((st,a),None)
+                            if r is not None:
+                                # Whoa. Have a shift/reduce or reduce/reduce conflict
+                                if r > 0:
+                                    # Need to decide on shift or reduce here
+                                    # By default we favor shifting. Need to add
+                                    # some precedence rules here.
+                                    sprec,slevel = Productions[actionp[st,a].number].prec                                    
+                                    rprec,rlevel = Precedence.get(a,('right',0))
+                                    if (slevel < rlevel) or ((slevel == rlevel) and (rprec == 'left')):
+                                        # We really need to reduce here.  
+                                        action[st,a] = -p.number
+                                        actionp[st,a] = p
+                                        if not slevel and not rlevel:
+                                            _vfc.write("shift/reduce conflict in state %d resolved as reduce.\n" % st)
+                                            _vf.write("  ! shift/reduce conflict for %s resolved as reduce.\n" % a)
+                                            n_srconflict += 1
+                                    elif (slevel == rlevel) and (rprec == 'nonassoc'):
+                                        action[st,a] = None
+                                    else:
+                                        # Hmmm. Guess we'll keep the shift
+                                        if not rlevel:
+                                            _vfc.write("shift/reduce conflict in state %d resolved as shift.\n" % st)
+                                            _vf.write("  ! shift/reduce conflict for %s resolved as shift.\n" % a)
+                                            n_srconflict +=1                                    
+                                elif r < 0:
+                                    # Reduce/reduce conflict.   In this case, we favor the rule
+                                    # that was defined first in the grammar file
+                                    oldp = Productions[-r]
+                                    pp = Productions[p.number]
+                                    if oldp.line > pp.line:
+                                        action[st,a] = -p.number
+                                        actionp[st,a] = p
+                                    # sys.stderr.write("Reduce/reduce conflict in state %d\n" % st)
+                                    n_rrconflict += 1
+                                    _vfc.write("reduce/reduce conflict in state %d resolved using rule %d (%s).\n" % (st, actionp[st,a].number, actionp[st,a]))
+                                    _vf.write("  ! reduce/reduce conflict for %s resolved using rule %d (%s).\n" % (a,actionp[st,a].number, actionp[st,a]))
+                                else:
+                                    sys.stderr.write("Unknown conflict in state %d\n" % st)
+                            else:
+                                action[st,a] = -p.number
+                                actionp[st,a] = p
+                else:
+                    i = p.lr_index
+                    a = p.prod[i+1]       # Get symbol right after the "."
+                    if Terminals.has_key(a):
+                        g = lr0_goto(I,a)
+                        j = _lr0_cidhash.get(id(g),-1)
+                        if j >= 0:
+                            # We are in a shift state
+                            actlist.append((a,p,"shift and go to state %d" % j))
+                            r = action.get((st,a),None)
+                            if r is not None:
+                                # Whoa have a shift/reduce or shift/shift conflict
+                                if r > 0:
+                                    if r != j:
+                                        sys.stderr.write("Shift/shift conflict in state %d\n" % st)
+                                elif r < 0:
+                                    # Do a precedence check.
+                                    #   -  if precedence of reduce rule is higher, we reduce.
+                                    #   -  if precedence of reduce is same and left assoc, we reduce.
+                                    #   -  otherwise we shift
+                                    rprec,rlevel = Productions[actionp[st,a].number].prec
+                                    sprec,slevel = Precedence.get(a,('right',0))
+                                    if (slevel > rlevel) or ((slevel == rlevel) and (rprec != 'left')):
+                                        # We decide to shift here... highest precedence to shift
+                                        action[st,a] = j
+                                        actionp[st,a] = p
+                                        if not rlevel:
+                                            n_srconflict += 1
+                                            _vfc.write("shift/reduce conflict in state %d resolved as shift.\n" % st)
+                                            _vf.write("  ! shift/reduce conflict for %s resolved as shift.\n" % a)
+                                    elif (slevel == rlevel) and (rprec == 'nonassoc'):
+                                        action[st,a] = None
+                                    else:                                            
+                                        # Hmmm. Guess we'll keep the reduce
+                                        if not slevel and not rlevel:
+                                            n_srconflict +=1
+                                            _vfc.write("shift/reduce conflict in state %d resolved as reduce.\n" % st)
+                                            _vf.write("  ! shift/reduce conflict for %s resolved as reduce.\n" % a)
+                                            
+                                else:
+                                    sys.stderr.write("Unknown conflict in state %d\n" % st)
+                            else:
+                                action[st,a] = j
+                                actionp[st,a] = p
+                                
+            except StandardError,e:
+                raise YaccError, "Hosed in lr_parse_table", e
+
+        # Print the actions associated with each terminal
+        if yaccdebug:
+          _actprint = { }
+          for a,p,m in actlist:
+            if action.has_key((st,a)):
+                if p is actionp[st,a]:
+                    _vf.write("    %-15s %s\n" % (a,m))
+                    _actprint[(a,m)] = 1
+          _vf.write("\n")
+          for a,p,m in actlist:
+            if action.has_key((st,a)):
+                if p is not actionp[st,a]:
+                    if not _actprint.has_key((a,m)):
+                        _vf.write("  ! %-15s [ %s ]\n" % (a,m))
+                        _actprint[(a,m)] = 1
+            
+        # Construct the goto table for this state
+        if yaccdebug:
+            _vf.write("\n")
+        nkeys = { }
+        for ii in I:
+            for s in ii.usyms:
+                if Nonterminals.has_key(s):
+                    nkeys[s] = None
+        for n in nkeys.keys():
+            g = lr0_goto(I,n)
+            j = _lr0_cidhash.get(id(g),-1)            
+            if j >= 0:
+                goto[st,n] = j
+                if yaccdebug:
+                    _vf.write("    %-30s shift and go to state %d\n" % (n,j))
+
+        st += 1
+
+    if yaccdebug:
+        if n_srconflict == 1:
+            sys.stderr.write("yacc: %d shift/reduce conflict\n" % n_srconflict)
+        if n_srconflict > 1:
+            sys.stderr.write("yacc: %d shift/reduce conflicts\n" % n_srconflict)
+        if n_rrconflict == 1:
+            sys.stderr.write("yacc: %d reduce/reduce conflict\n" % n_rrconflict)
+        if n_rrconflict > 1:
+            sys.stderr.write("yacc: %d reduce/reduce conflicts\n" % n_rrconflict)
+
+# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+#                          ==== LR Utility functions ====
+# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# _lr_write_tables()
+#
+# This function writes the LR parsing tables to a file
+# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+def lr_write_tables(modulename=tab_module,outputdir=''):
+    filename = os.path.join(outputdir,modulename) + ".py"
+    try:
+        f = open(filename,"w")
+
+        f.write("""
+# %s
+# This file is automatically generated. Do not edit.
+
+_lr_method = %s
+
+_lr_signature = %s
+""" % (filename, repr(_lr_method), repr(Signature.digest())))
+
+        # Change smaller to 0 to go back to original tables
+        smaller = 1
+                
+        # Factor out names to try and make smaller
+        if smaller:
+            items = { }
+        
+            for k,v in _lr_action.items():
+                i = items.get(k[1])
+                if not i:
+                    i = ([],[])
+                    items[k[1]] = i
+                i[0].append(k[0])
+                i[1].append(v)
+
+            f.write("\n_lr_action_items = {")
+            for k,v in items.items():
+                f.write("%r:([" % k)
+                for i in v[0]:
+                    f.write("%r," % i)
+                f.write("],[")
+                for i in v[1]:
+                    f.write("%r," % i)
+                           
+                f.write("]),")
+            f.write("}\n")
+
+            f.write("""
+_lr_action = { }
+for _k, _v in _lr_action_items.items():
+   for _x,_y in zip(_v[0],_v[1]):
+       _lr_action[(_x,_k)] = _y
+del _lr_action_items
+""")
+            
+        else:
+            f.write("\n_lr_action = { ");
+            for k,v in _lr_action.items():
+                f.write("(%r,%r):%r," % (k[0],k[1],v))
+            f.write("}\n");
+
+        if smaller:
+            # Factor out names to try and make smaller
+            items = { }
+        
+            for k,v in _lr_goto.items():
+                i = items.get(k[1])
+                if not i:
+                    i = ([],[])
+                    items[k[1]] = i
+                i[0].append(k[0])
+                i[1].append(v)
+
+            f.write("\n_lr_goto_items = {")
+            for k,v in items.items():
+                f.write("%r:([" % k)
+                for i in v[0]:
+                    f.write("%r," % i)
+                f.write("],[")
+                for i in v[1]:
+                    f.write("%r," % i)
+                           
+                f.write("]),")
+            f.write("}\n")
+
+            f.write("""
+_lr_goto = { }
+for _k, _v in _lr_goto_items.items():
+   for _x,_y in zip(_v[0],_v[1]):
+       _lr_goto[(_x,_k)] = _y
+del _lr_goto_items
+""")
+        else:
+            f.write("\n_lr_goto = { ");
+            for k,v in _lr_goto.items():
+                f.write("(%r,%r):%r," % (k[0],k[1],v))                    
+            f.write("}\n");
+
+        # Write production table
+        f.write("_lr_productions = [\n")
+        for p in Productions:
+            if p:
+                if (p.func):
+                    f.write("  (%r,%d,%r,%r,%d),\n" % (p.name, p.len, p.func.__name__,p.file,p.line))
+                else:
+                    f.write("  (%r,%d,None,None,None),\n" % (p.name, p.len))
+            else:
+                f.write("  None,\n")
+        f.write("]\n")
+        
+        f.close()
+
+    except IOError,e:
+        print "Unable to create '%s'" % filename
+        print e
+        return
+
+def lr_read_tables(module=tab_module,optimize=0):
+    global _lr_action, _lr_goto, _lr_productions, _lr_method
+    try:
+        exec "import %s as parsetab" % module
+        
+        if (optimize) or (Signature.digest() == parsetab._lr_signature):
+            _lr_action = parsetab._lr_action
+            _lr_goto   = parsetab._lr_goto
+            _lr_productions = parsetab._lr_productions
+            _lr_method = parsetab._lr_method
+            return 1
+        else:
+            return 0
+        
+    except (ImportError,AttributeError):
+        return 0
+
+
+# Available instance types.  This is used when parsers are defined by a class.
+# it's a little funky because I want to preserve backwards compatibility
+# with Python 2.0 where types.ObjectType is undefined.
+
+try:
+   _INSTANCETYPE = (types.InstanceType, types.ObjectType)
+except AttributeError:
+   _INSTANCETYPE = types.InstanceType
+
+# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# yacc(module)
+#
+# Build the parser module
+# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+def yacc(method=default_lr, debug=yaccdebug, module=None, tabmodule=tab_module, start=None, check_recursion=1, optimize=0,write_tables=1,debugfile=debug_file,outputdir=''):
+    global yaccdebug
+    yaccdebug = debug
+    
+    initialize_vars()
+    files = { }
+    error = 0
+
+
+    # Add parsing method to signature
+    Signature.update(method)
+    
+    # If a "module" parameter was supplied, extract its dictionary.
+    # Note: a module may in fact be an instance as well.
+    
+    if module:
+        # User supplied a module object.
+        if isinstance(module, types.ModuleType):
+            ldict = module.__dict__
+        elif isinstance(module, _INSTANCETYPE):
+            _items = [(k,getattr(module,k)) for k in dir(module)]
+            ldict = { }
+            for i in _items:
+                ldict[i[0]] = i[1]
+        else:
+            raise ValueError,"Expected a module"
+        
+    else:
+        # No module given.  We might be able to get information from the caller.
+        # Throw an exception and unwind the traceback to get the globals
+        
+        try:
+            raise RuntimeError
+        except RuntimeError:
+            e,b,t = sys.exc_info()
+            f = t.tb_frame
+            f = f.f_back           # Walk out to our calling function
+            ldict = f.f_globals    # Grab its globals dictionary
+
+    # Add starting symbol to signature
+    if not start:
+        start = ldict.get("start",None)
+    if start:
+        Signature.update(start)
+
+    # If running in optimized mode.  We're going to
+
+    if (optimize and lr_read_tables(tabmodule,1)):
+        # Read parse table
+        del Productions[:]
+        for p in _lr_productions:
+            if not p:
+                Productions.append(None)
+            else:
+                m = MiniProduction()
+                m.name = p[0]
+                m.len  = p[1]
+                m.file = p[3]
+                m.line = p[4]
+                if p[2]:
+                    m.func = ldict[p[2]]
+                Productions.append(m)
+        
+    else:
+        # Get the tokens map
+        if (module and isinstance(module,_INSTANCETYPE)):
+            tokens = getattr(module,"tokens",None)
+        else:
+            tokens = ldict.get("tokens",None)
+    
+        if not tokens:
+            raise YaccError,"module does not define a list 'tokens'"
+        if not (isinstance(tokens,types.ListType) or isinstance(tokens,types.TupleType)):
+            raise YaccError,"tokens must be a list or tuple."
+
+        # Check to see if a requires dictionary is defined.
+        requires = ldict.get("require",None)
+        if requires:
+            if not (isinstance(requires,types.DictType)):
+                raise YaccError,"require must be a dictionary."
+
+            for r,v in requires.items():
+                try:
+                    if not (isinstance(v,types.ListType)):
+                        raise TypeError
+                    v1 = [x.split(".") for x in v]
+                    Requires[r] = v1
+                except StandardError:
+                    print "Invalid specification for rule '%s' in require. Expected a list of strings" % r            
+
+        
+        # Build the dictionary of terminals.  We a record a 0 in the
+        # dictionary to track whether or not a terminal is actually
+        # used in the grammar
+
+        if 'error' in tokens:
+            print "yacc: Illegal token 'error'.  Is a reserved word."
+            raise YaccError,"Illegal token name"
+
+        for n in tokens:
+            if Terminals.has_key(n):
+                print "yacc: Warning. Token '%s' multiply defined." % n
+            Terminals[n] = [ ]
+
+        Terminals['error'] = [ ]
+
+        # Get the precedence map (if any)
+        prec = ldict.get("precedence",None)
+        if prec:
+            if not (isinstance(prec,types.ListType) or isinstance(prec,types.TupleType)):
+                raise YaccError,"precedence must be a list or tuple."
+            add_precedence(prec)
+            Signature.update(repr(prec))
+
+        for n in tokens:
+            if not Precedence.has_key(n):
+                Precedence[n] = ('right',0)         # Default, right associative, 0 precedence
+
+        # Look for error handler
+        ef = ldict.get('p_error',None)
+        if ef:
+            if isinstance(ef,types.FunctionType):
+                ismethod = 0
+            elif isinstance(ef, types.MethodType):
+                ismethod = 1
+            else:
+                raise YaccError,"'p_error' defined, but is not a function or method."                
+            eline = ef.func_code.co_firstlineno
+            efile = ef.func_code.co_filename
+            files[efile] = None
+
+            if (ef.func_code.co_argcount != 1+ismethod):
+                raise YaccError,"%s:%d: p_error() requires 1 argument." % (efile,eline)
+            global Errorfunc
+            Errorfunc = ef
+        else:
+            print "yacc: Warning. no p_error() function is defined."
+            
+        # Get the list of built-in functions with p_ prefix
+        symbols = [ldict[f] for f in ldict.keys()
+               if (type(ldict[f]) in (types.FunctionType, types.MethodType) and ldict[f].__name__[:2] == 'p_'
+                   and ldict[f].__name__ != 'p_error')]
+
+        # Check for non-empty symbols
+        if len(symbols) == 0:
+            raise YaccError,"no rules of the form p_rulename are defined."
+    
+        # Sort the symbols by line number
+        symbols.sort(lambda x,y: cmp(x.func_code.co_firstlineno,y.func_code.co_firstlineno))
+
+        # Add all of the symbols to the grammar
+        for f in symbols:
+            if (add_function(f)) < 0:
+                error += 1
+            else:
+                files[f.func_code.co_filename] = None
+
+        # Make a signature of the docstrings
+        for f in symbols:
+            if f.__doc__:
+                Signature.update(f.__doc__)
+    
+        lr_init_vars()
+
+        if error:
+            raise YaccError,"Unable to construct parser."
+
+        if not lr_read_tables(tabmodule):
+
+            # Validate files
+            for filename in files.keys():
+                if not validate_file(filename):
+                    error = 1
+
+            # Validate dictionary
+            validate_dict(ldict)
+
+            if start and not Prodnames.has_key(start):
+                raise YaccError,"Bad starting symbol '%s'" % start
+        
+            augment_grammar(start)    
+            error = verify_productions(cycle_check=check_recursion)
+            otherfunc = [ldict[f] for f in ldict.keys()
+               if (type(f) in (types.FunctionType,types.MethodType) and ldict[f].__name__[:2] != 'p_')]
+
+            if error:
+                raise YaccError,"Unable to construct parser."
+            
+            build_lritems()
+            compute_first1()
+            compute_follow(start)
+        
+            if method in ['SLR','LALR']:
+                lr_parse_table(method)
+            else:
+                raise YaccError, "Unknown parsing method '%s'" % method
+
+            if write_tables:
+                lr_write_tables(tabmodule,outputdir)        
+    
+            if yaccdebug:
+                try:
+                    f = open(os.path.join(outputdir,debugfile),"w")
+                    f.write(_vfc.getvalue())
+                    f.write("\n\n")
+                    f.write(_vf.getvalue())
+                    f.close()
+                except IOError,e:
+                    print "yacc: can't create '%s'" % debugfile,e
+        
+    # Made it here.   Create a parser object and set up its internal state.
+    # Set global parse() method to bound method of parser object.
+
+    p = Parser("xyzzy")
+    p.productions = Productions
+    p.errorfunc = Errorfunc
+    p.action = _lr_action
+    p.goto   = _lr_goto
+    p.method = _lr_method
+    p.require = Requires
+
+    global parse
+    parse = p.parse
+
+    global parser
+    parser = p
+
+    # Clean up all of the globals we created
+    if (not optimize):
+        yacc_cleanup()
+    return p
+
+# yacc_cleanup function.  Delete all of the global variables
+# used during table construction
+
+def yacc_cleanup():
+    global _lr_action, _lr_goto, _lr_method, _lr_goto_cache
+    del _lr_action, _lr_goto, _lr_method, _lr_goto_cache
+
+    global Productions, Prodnames, Prodmap, Terminals 
+    global Nonterminals, First, Follow, Precedence, LRitems
+    global Errorfunc, Signature, Requires
+    
+    del Productions, Prodnames, Prodmap, Terminals
+    del Nonterminals, First, Follow, Precedence, LRitems
+    del Errorfunc, Signature, Requires
+    
+    global _vf, _vfc
+    del _vf, _vfc
+    
+    
+# Stub that raises an error if parsing is attempted without first calling yacc()
+def parse(*args,**kwargs):
+    raise YaccError, "yacc: No parser built with yacc()"
+
diff --git a/chall/ply-2.2/ply/yacc.pyc b/chall/ply-2.2/ply/yacc.pyc
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..4b1adf7
Binary files /dev/null and b/chall/ply-2.2/ply/yacc.pyc differ
diff --git a/chall/ply-2.2/setup.py b/chall/ply-2.2/setup.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..0e74964
--- /dev/null
+++ b/chall/ply-2.2/setup.py
@@ -0,0 +1,27 @@
+from distutils.core import setup
+
+setup(name = "ply",
+            description="Python Lex & Yacc",
+            long_description = """
+PLY is yet another implementation of lex and yacc for Python. Although several other
+parsing tools are available for Python, there are several reasons why you might
+want to take a look at PLY: 
+
+It's implemented entirely in Python. 
+
+It uses LR-parsing which is reasonably efficient and well suited for larger grammars. 
+
+PLY provides most of the standard lex/yacc features including support for empty 
+productions, precedence rules, error recovery, and support for ambiguous grammars. 
+
+PLY is extremely easy to use and provides very extensive error checking. 
+""",
+            license="""Lesser GPL (LGPL)""",
+            version = "2.2",
+            author = "David Beazley",
+            author_email = "dave@dabeaz.com",
+            maintainer = "David Beazley",
+            maintainer_email = "dave@dabeaz.com",
+            url = "http://www.dabeaz.com/ply/",
+            packages = ['ply'],
+            )
diff --git a/chall/ply-2.2/test/README b/chall/ply-2.2/test/README
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..aac12b0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/chall/ply-2.2/test/README
@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
+This directory mostly contains tests for various types of error
+conditions.  To run:
+
+  $ python testlex.py .
+  $ python testyacc.py .
+
+The tests can also be run using the Python unittest module.
+
+   $ python rununit.py
+
+The script 'cleanup.sh' cleans up this directory to its original state.
diff --git a/chall/ply-2.2/test/calclex.py b/chall/ply-2.2/test/calclex.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..2550734
--- /dev/null
+++ b/chall/ply-2.2/test/calclex.py
@@ -0,0 +1,49 @@
+# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# calclex.py
+# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+import sys
+
+sys.path.append("..")
+import ply.lex as lex
+
+tokens = (
+    'NAME','NUMBER',
+    'PLUS','MINUS','TIMES','DIVIDE','EQUALS',
+    'LPAREN','RPAREN',
+    )
+
+# Tokens
+
+t_PLUS    = r'\+'
+t_MINUS   = r'-'
+t_TIMES   = r'\*'
+t_DIVIDE  = r'/'
+t_EQUALS  = r'='
+t_LPAREN  = r'\('
+t_RPAREN  = r'\)'
+t_NAME    = r'[a-zA-Z_][a-zA-Z0-9_]*'
+
+def t_NUMBER(t):
+    r'\d+'
+    try:
+        t.value = int(t.value)
+    except ValueError:
+        print "Integer value too large", t.value
+        t.value = 0
+    return t
+
+t_ignore = " \t"
+
+def t_newline(t):
+    r'\n+'
+    t.lineno += t.value.count("\n")
+    
+def t_error(t):
+    print "Illegal character '%s'" % t.value[0]
+    t.lexer.skip(1)
+    
+# Build the lexer
+lex.lex()
+
+
+
diff --git a/chall/ply-2.2/test/cleanup.sh b/chall/ply-2.2/test/cleanup.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000..d7d99b6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/chall/ply-2.2/test/cleanup.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+rm -f *~ *.pyc *.dif *.out 
+
diff --git a/chall/ply-2.2/test/lex_doc1.exp b/chall/ply-2.2/test/lex_doc1.exp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..5b63c1e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/chall/ply-2.2/test/lex_doc1.exp
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+./lex_doc1.py:18: No regular expression defined for rule 't_NUMBER'
diff --git a/chall/ply-2.2/test/lex_doc1.py b/chall/ply-2.2/test/lex_doc1.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..3951b5c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/chall/ply-2.2/test/lex_doc1.py
@@ -0,0 +1,30 @@
+# lex_token.py
+#
+# Missing documentation string
+
+import sys
+sys.path.insert(0,"..")
+
+import ply.lex as lex
+
+tokens = [
+    "PLUS",
+    "MINUS",
+    "NUMBER",
+    ]
+
+t_PLUS = r'\+'
+t_MINUS = r'-'
+def t_NUMBER(t):
+    pass
+
+def t_error(t):
+    pass
+
+
+import sys
+sys.tracebacklimit = 0
+
+lex.lex()
+
+
diff --git a/chall/ply-2.2/test/lex_dup1.exp b/chall/ply-2.2/test/lex_dup1.exp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..2098a40
--- /dev/null
+++ b/chall/ply-2.2/test/lex_dup1.exp
@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
+./lex_dup1.py:20: Rule t_NUMBER redefined. Previously defined on line 18
+SyntaxError: lex: Unable to build lexer.
diff --git a/chall/ply-2.2/test/lex_dup1.py b/chall/ply-2.2/test/lex_dup1.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..68f8092
--- /dev/null
+++ b/chall/ply-2.2/test/lex_dup1.py
@@ -0,0 +1,29 @@
+# lex_token.py
+#
+# Duplicated rule specifiers
+
+import sys
+sys.path.insert(0,"..")
+
+import ply.lex as lex
+
+tokens = [
+    "PLUS",
+    "MINUS",
+    "NUMBER",
+    ]
+
+t_PLUS = r'\+'
+t_MINUS = r'-'
+t_NUMBER = r'\d+'
+
+t_NUMBER = r'\d+'
+
+def t_error(t):
+    pass
+
+sys.tracebacklimit = 0
+
+lex.lex()
+
+
diff --git a/chall/ply-2.2/test/lex_dup2.exp b/chall/ply-2.2/test/lex_dup2.exp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..d327cfe
--- /dev/null
+++ b/chall/ply-2.2/test/lex_dup2.exp
@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
+./lex_dup2.py:22: Rule t_NUMBER redefined. Previously defined on line 18
+SyntaxError: lex: Unable to build lexer.
diff --git a/chall/ply-2.2/test/lex_dup2.py b/chall/ply-2.2/test/lex_dup2.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..f4d346e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/chall/ply-2.2/test/lex_dup2.py
@@ -0,0 +1,33 @@
+# lex_token.py
+#
+# Duplicated rule specifiers
+
+import sys
+sys.path.insert(0,"..")
+
+import ply.lex as lex
+
+tokens = [
+    "PLUS",
+    "MINUS",
+    "NUMBER",
+    ]
+
+t_PLUS = r'\+'
+t_MINUS = r'-'
+def t_NUMBER(t):
+    r'\d+'
+    pass
+
+def t_NUMBER(t):
+    r'\d+'
+    pass
+
+def t_error(t):
+    pass
+
+sys.tracebacklimit = 0
+
+lex.lex()
+
+
diff --git a/chall/ply-2.2/test/lex_dup3.exp b/chall/ply-2.2/test/lex_dup3.exp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..ec0680c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/chall/ply-2.2/test/lex_dup3.exp
@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
+./lex_dup3.py:20: Rule t_NUMBER redefined. Previously defined on line 18
+SyntaxError: lex: Unable to build lexer.
diff --git a/chall/ply-2.2/test/lex_dup3.py b/chall/ply-2.2/test/lex_dup3.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..e17b520
--- /dev/null
+++ b/chall/ply-2.2/test/lex_dup3.py
@@ -0,0 +1,31 @@
+# lex_token.py
+#
+# Duplicated rule specifiers
+
+import sys
+sys.path.insert(0,"..")
+
+import ply.lex as lex
+
+tokens = [
+    "PLUS",
+    "MINUS",
+    "NUMBER",
+    ]
+
+t_PLUS = r'\+'
+t_MINUS = r'-'
+t_NUMBER = r'\d+'
+
+def t_NUMBER(t):
+    r'\d+'
+    pass
+
+def t_error(t):
+    pass
+
+sys.tracebacklimit = 0
+
+lex.lex()
+
+
diff --git a/chall/ply-2.2/test/lex_empty.exp b/chall/ply-2.2/test/lex_empty.exp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..af38602
--- /dev/null
+++ b/chall/ply-2.2/test/lex_empty.exp
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+SyntaxError: lex: no rules of the form t_rulename are defined.
diff --git a/chall/ply-2.2/test/lex_empty.py b/chall/ply-2.2/test/lex_empty.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..96625f7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/chall/ply-2.2/test/lex_empty.py
@@ -0,0 +1,20 @@
+# lex_token.py
+#
+# No rules defined
+
+import sys
+sys.path.insert(0,"..")
+
+import ply.lex as lex
+
+tokens = [
+    "PLUS",
+    "MINUS",
+    "NUMBER",
+    ]
+
+sys.tracebacklimit = 0
+
+lex.lex()
+
+
diff --git a/chall/ply-2.2/test/lex_error1.exp b/chall/ply-2.2/test/lex_error1.exp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..baa19e5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/chall/ply-2.2/test/lex_error1.exp
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+lex: Warning. no t_error rule is defined.
diff --git a/chall/ply-2.2/test/lex_error1.py b/chall/ply-2.2/test/lex_error1.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..a99d9be
--- /dev/null
+++ b/chall/ply-2.2/test/lex_error1.py
@@ -0,0 +1,24 @@
+# lex_token.py
+#
+# Missing t_error() rule
+
+import sys
+sys.path.insert(0,"..")
+
+import ply.lex as lex
+
+tokens = [
+    "PLUS",
+    "MINUS",
+    "NUMBER",
+    ]
+
+t_PLUS = r'\+'
+t_MINUS = r'-'
+t_NUMBER = r'\d+'
+
+sys.tracebacklimit = 0
+
+lex.lex()
+
+
diff --git a/chall/ply-2.2/test/lex_error2.exp b/chall/ply-2.2/test/lex_error2.exp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..fb1b55c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/chall/ply-2.2/test/lex_error2.exp
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+SyntaxError: lex: Rule 't_error' must be defined as a function
diff --git a/chall/ply-2.2/test/lex_error2.py b/chall/ply-2.2/test/lex_error2.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..a59c8d4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/chall/ply-2.2/test/lex_error2.py
@@ -0,0 +1,26 @@
+# lex_token.py
+#
+# t_error defined, but not function
+
+import sys
+sys.path.insert(0,"..")
+
+import ply.lex as lex
+
+tokens = [
+    "PLUS",
+    "MINUS",
+    "NUMBER",
+    ]
+
+t_PLUS = r'\+'
+t_MINUS = r'-'
+t_NUMBER = r'\d+'
+
+t_error = "foo"
+
+sys.tracebacklimit = 0
+
+lex.lex()
+
+
diff --git a/chall/ply-2.2/test/lex_error3.exp b/chall/ply-2.2/test/lex_error3.exp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..1b482bf
--- /dev/null
+++ b/chall/ply-2.2/test/lex_error3.exp
@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
+./lex_error3.py:20: Rule 't_error' requires an argument.
+SyntaxError: lex: Unable to build lexer.
diff --git a/chall/ply-2.2/test/lex_error3.py b/chall/ply-2.2/test/lex_error3.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..584600f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/chall/ply-2.2/test/lex_error3.py
@@ -0,0 +1,27 @@
+# lex_token.py
+#
+# t_error defined as function, but with wrong # args
+
+import sys
+sys.path.insert(0,"..")
+
+import ply.lex as lex
+
+tokens = [
+    "PLUS",
+    "MINUS",
+    "NUMBER",
+    ]
+
+t_PLUS = r'\+'
+t_MINUS = r'-'
+t_NUMBER = r'\d+'
+
+def t_error():
+    pass
+
+sys.tracebacklimit = 0
+
+lex.lex()
+
+
diff --git a/chall/ply-2.2/test/lex_error4.exp b/chall/ply-2.2/test/lex_error4.exp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..98505a2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/chall/ply-2.2/test/lex_error4.exp
@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
+./lex_error4.py:20: Rule 't_error' has too many arguments.
+SyntaxError: lex: Unable to build lexer.
diff --git a/chall/ply-2.2/test/lex_error4.py b/chall/ply-2.2/test/lex_error4.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..d05de74
--- /dev/null
+++ b/chall/ply-2.2/test/lex_error4.py
@@ -0,0 +1,27 @@
+# lex_token.py
+#
+# t_error defined as function, but too many args
+
+import sys
+sys.path.insert(0,"..")
+
+import ply.lex as lex
+
+tokens = [
+    "PLUS",
+    "MINUS",
+    "NUMBER",
+    ]
+
+t_PLUS = r'\+'
+t_MINUS = r'-'
+t_NUMBER = r'\d+'
+
+def t_error(t,s):
+    pass
+
+sys.tracebacklimit = 0
+
+lex.lex()
+
+
diff --git a/chall/ply-2.2/test/lex_hedit.exp b/chall/ply-2.2/test/lex_hedit.exp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..7b27dcb
--- /dev/null
+++ b/chall/ply-2.2/test/lex_hedit.exp
@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+(H_EDIT_DESCRIPTOR,'abc',1,0)
+(H_EDIT_DESCRIPTOR,'abcdefghij',1,6)
+(H_EDIT_DESCRIPTOR,'xy',1,20)
diff --git a/chall/ply-2.2/test/lex_hedit.py b/chall/ply-2.2/test/lex_hedit.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..0f87423
--- /dev/null
+++ b/chall/ply-2.2/test/lex_hedit.py
@@ -0,0 +1,47 @@
+# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# hedit.py
+#
+# Paring of Fortran H Edit descriptions (Contributed by Pearu Peterson)
+#
+# These tokens can't be easily tokenized because they are of the following
+# form:
+#
+#   nHc1...cn
+#
+# where n is a positive integer and c1 ... cn are characters.
+#
+# This example shows how to modify the state of the lexer to parse
+# such tokens
+# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+import sys
+sys.path.insert(0,"..")
+
+import ply.lex as lex
+
+tokens = (
+    'H_EDIT_DESCRIPTOR',
+    )
+
+# Tokens
+t_ignore = " \t\n"
+
+def t_H_EDIT_DESCRIPTOR(t):
+    r"\d+H.*"                     # This grabs all of the remaining text
+    i = t.value.index('H')
+    n = eval(t.value[:i])
+    
+    # Adjust the tokenizing position
+    t.lexer.lexpos -= len(t.value) - (i+1+n)
+    t.value = t.value[i+1:i+1+n]
+    return t                                  
+    
+def t_error(t):
+    print "Illegal character '%s'" % t.value[0]
+    t.lexer.skip(1)
+    
+# Build the lexer
+lex.lex()
+lex.runmain(data="3Habc 10Habcdefghij 2Hxy")
+
+
+
diff --git a/chall/ply-2.2/test/lex_ignore.exp b/chall/ply-2.2/test/lex_ignore.exp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..85e2961
--- /dev/null
+++ b/chall/ply-2.2/test/lex_ignore.exp
@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+./lex_ignore.py:20: Rule 't_ignore' must be defined as a string.
+Traceback (most recent call last):
+  File "./lex_ignore.py", line 29, in ?
+    lex.lex()
+  File "../ply/lex.py", line 758, in lex
+    raise SyntaxError,"lex: Unable to build lexer."
+SyntaxError: lex: Unable to build lexer.
diff --git a/chall/ply-2.2/test/lex_ignore.py b/chall/ply-2.2/test/lex_ignore.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..94b0266
--- /dev/null
+++ b/chall/ply-2.2/test/lex_ignore.py
@@ -0,0 +1,31 @@
+# lex_token.py
+#
+# Improperly specific ignore declaration
+
+import sys
+sys.path.insert(0,"..")
+
+import ply.lex as lex
+
+tokens = [
+    "PLUS",
+    "MINUS",
+    "NUMBER",
+    ]
+
+t_PLUS = r'\+'
+t_MINUS = r'-'
+t_NUMBER = r'\d+'
+
+def t_ignore(t):
+    ' \t'
+    pass
+
+def t_error(t):
+    pass
+
+import sys
+
+lex.lex()
+
+
diff --git a/chall/ply-2.2/test/lex_nowarn.exp b/chall/ply-2.2/test/lex_nowarn.exp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..e69de29
diff --git a/chall/ply-2.2/test/lex_nowarn.py b/chall/ply-2.2/test/lex_nowarn.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..d60d31c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/chall/ply-2.2/test/lex_nowarn.py
@@ -0,0 +1,30 @@
+# lex_token.py
+#
+# Missing t_error() rule
+
+import sys
+sys.path.insert(0,"..")
+
+import ply.lex as lex
+
+tokens = [
+    "PLUS",
+    "MINUS",
+    "NUMBER",
+    "NUMBER",
+    ]
+
+states = (('foo','exclusive'),)
+
+t_ignore = ' \t'
+t_PLUS = r'\+'
+t_MINUS = r'-'
+t_NUMBER = r'\d+'
+
+t_foo_NUMBER = r'\d+'
+
+sys.tracebacklimit = 0
+
+lex.lex(nowarn=1)
+
+
diff --git a/chall/ply-2.2/test/lex_re1.exp b/chall/ply-2.2/test/lex_re1.exp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..b9e621c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/chall/ply-2.2/test/lex_re1.exp
@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+lex: Invalid regular expression for rule 't_NUMBER'. unbalanced parenthesis
+Traceback (most recent call last):
+  File "./lex_re1.py", line 25, in ?
+    lex.lex()
+  File "../ply/lex.py", line 758, in lex
+    raise SyntaxError,"lex: Unable to build lexer."
+SyntaxError: lex: Unable to build lexer.
diff --git a/chall/ply-2.2/test/lex_re1.py b/chall/ply-2.2/test/lex_re1.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..9e544fe
--- /dev/null
+++ b/chall/ply-2.2/test/lex_re1.py
@@ -0,0 +1,27 @@
+# lex_token.py
+#
+# Bad regular expression in a string
+
+import sys
+sys.path.insert(0,"..")
+
+import ply.lex as lex
+
+tokens = [
+    "PLUS",
+    "MINUS",
+    "NUMBER",
+    ]
+
+t_PLUS = r'\+'
+t_MINUS = r'-'
+t_NUMBER = r'(\d+'
+
+def t_error(t):
+    pass
+
+import sys
+
+lex.lex()
+
+
diff --git a/chall/ply-2.2/test/lex_re2.exp b/chall/ply-2.2/test/lex_re2.exp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..7ba89b4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/chall/ply-2.2/test/lex_re2.exp
@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+lex: Regular expression for rule 't_PLUS' matches empty string.
+Traceback (most recent call last):
+  File "./lex_re2.py", line 25, in ?
+    lex.lex()
+  File "../ply/lex.py", line 758, in lex
+    raise SyntaxError,"lex: Unable to build lexer."
+SyntaxError: lex: Unable to build lexer.
diff --git a/chall/ply-2.2/test/lex_re2.py b/chall/ply-2.2/test/lex_re2.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..522b415
--- /dev/null
+++ b/chall/ply-2.2/test/lex_re2.py
@@ -0,0 +1,27 @@
+# lex_token.py
+#
+# Regular expression rule matches empty string
+
+import sys
+sys.path.insert(0,"..")
+
+import ply.lex as lex
+
+tokens = [
+    "PLUS",
+    "MINUS",
+    "NUMBER",
+    ]
+
+t_PLUS = r'\+?'
+t_MINUS = r'-'
+t_NUMBER = r'(\d+)'
+
+def t_error(t):
+    pass
+
+import sys
+
+lex.lex()
+
+
diff --git a/chall/ply-2.2/test/lex_re3.exp b/chall/ply-2.2/test/lex_re3.exp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..7cdcae4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/chall/ply-2.2/test/lex_re3.exp
@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+lex: Invalid regular expression for rule 't_POUND'. unbalanced parenthesis
+lex: Make sure '#' in rule 't_POUND' is escaped with '\#'.
+Traceback (most recent call last):
+  File "./lex_re3.py", line 27, in ?
+    lex.lex()
+  File "../ply/lex.py", line 758, in lex
+    raise SyntaxError,"lex: Unable to build lexer."
+SyntaxError: lex: Unable to build lexer.
diff --git a/chall/ply-2.2/test/lex_re3.py b/chall/ply-2.2/test/lex_re3.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..099e156
--- /dev/null
+++ b/chall/ply-2.2/test/lex_re3.py
@@ -0,0 +1,29 @@
+# lex_token.py
+#
+# Regular expression rule matches empty string
+
+import sys
+sys.path.insert(0,"..")
+
+import ply.lex as lex
+
+tokens = [
+    "PLUS",
+    "MINUS",
+    "NUMBER",
+    "POUND",
+    ]
+
+t_PLUS = r'\+'
+t_MINUS = r'-'
+t_NUMBER = r'(\d+)'
+t_POUND = r'#'
+
+def t_error(t):
+    pass
+
+import sys
+
+lex.lex()
+
+
diff --git a/chall/ply-2.2/test/lex_rule1.exp b/chall/ply-2.2/test/lex_rule1.exp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..0c23ca2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/chall/ply-2.2/test/lex_rule1.exp
@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
+lex: t_NUMBER not defined as a function or string
+SyntaxError: lex: Unable to build lexer.
diff --git a/chall/ply-2.2/test/lex_rule1.py b/chall/ply-2.2/test/lex_rule1.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..e49a15b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/chall/ply-2.2/test/lex_rule1.py
@@ -0,0 +1,27 @@
+# lex_token.py
+#
+# Rule defined as some other type
+
+import sys
+sys.path.insert(0,"..")
+
+import ply.lex as lex
+
+tokens = [
+    "PLUS",
+    "MINUS",
+    "NUMBER",
+    ]
+
+t_PLUS = r'\+'
+t_MINUS = r'-'
+t_NUMBER = 1
+
+def t_error(t):
+    pass
+
+sys.tracebacklimit = 0
+
+lex.lex()
+
+
diff --git a/chall/ply-2.2/test/lex_state1.exp b/chall/ply-2.2/test/lex_state1.exp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..8b58050
--- /dev/null
+++ b/chall/ply-2.2/test/lex_state1.exp
@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+lex: states must be defined as a tuple or list.
+Traceback (most recent call last):
+  File "./lex_state1.py", line 38, in ?
+    lex.lex()
+  File "../ply/lex.py", line 758, in lex
+    raise SyntaxError,"lex: Unable to build lexer."
+SyntaxError: lex: Unable to build lexer.
diff --git a/chall/ply-2.2/test/lex_state1.py b/chall/ply-2.2/test/lex_state1.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..7eb2976
--- /dev/null
+++ b/chall/ply-2.2/test/lex_state1.py
@@ -0,0 +1,40 @@
+# lex_state1.py
+#
+# Bad state declaration
+
+import sys
+sys.path.insert(0,"..")
+
+import ply.lex as lex
+
+tokens = [ 
+    "PLUS",
+    "MINUS",
+    "NUMBER",
+    ]
+
+states = 'comment'
+
+t_PLUS = r'\+'
+t_MINUS = r'-'
+t_NUMBER = r'\d+'
+
+# Comments
+def t_comment(t):
+    r'/\*'
+    t.lexer.begin('comment')
+    print "Entering comment state"
+
+def t_comment_body_part(t):
+    r'(.|\n)*\*/'
+    print "comment body", t
+    t.lexer.begin('INITIAL')
+
+def t_error(t):
+    pass
+
+import sys
+
+lex.lex()
+
+
diff --git a/chall/ply-2.2/test/lex_state2.exp b/chall/ply-2.2/test/lex_state2.exp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..11c33a7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/chall/ply-2.2/test/lex_state2.exp
@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+lex: invalid state specifier 'comment'. Must be a tuple (statename,'exclusive|inclusive')
+lex: invalid state specifier 'example'. Must be a tuple (statename,'exclusive|inclusive')
+Traceback (most recent call last):
+  File "./lex_state2.py", line 38, in ?
+    lex.lex()
+  File "../ply/lex.py", line 758, in lex
+    raise SyntaxError,"lex: Unable to build lexer."
+SyntaxError: lex: Unable to build lexer.
diff --git a/chall/ply-2.2/test/lex_state2.py b/chall/ply-2.2/test/lex_state2.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..b76b0db
--- /dev/null
+++ b/chall/ply-2.2/test/lex_state2.py
@@ -0,0 +1,40 @@
+# lex_state2.py
+#
+# Bad state declaration
+
+import sys
+sys.path.insert(0,"..")
+
+import ply.lex as lex
+
+tokens = [ 
+    "PLUS",
+    "MINUS",
+    "NUMBER",
+    ]
+
+states = ('comment','example')
+
+t_PLUS = r'\+'
+t_MINUS = r'-'
+t_NUMBER = r'\d+'
+
+# Comments
+def t_comment(t):
+    r'/\*'
+    t.lexer.begin('comment')
+    print "Entering comment state"
+
+def t_comment_body_part(t):
+    r'(.|\n)*\*/'
+    print "comment body", t
+    t.lexer.begin('INITIAL')
+
+def t_error(t):
+    pass
+
+import sys
+
+lex.lex()
+
+
diff --git a/chall/ply-2.2/test/lex_state3.exp b/chall/ply-2.2/test/lex_state3.exp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..2c3442c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/chall/ply-2.2/test/lex_state3.exp
@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+lex: state name 1 must be a string
+lex: No rules defined for state 'example'
+Traceback (most recent call last):
+  File "./lex_state3.py", line 40, in ?
+    lex.lex()
+  File "../ply/lex.py", line 758, in lex
+    raise SyntaxError,"lex: Unable to build lexer."
+SyntaxError: lex: Unable to build lexer.
diff --git a/chall/ply-2.2/test/lex_state3.py b/chall/ply-2.2/test/lex_state3.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..fb4ce6c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/chall/ply-2.2/test/lex_state3.py
@@ -0,0 +1,42 @@
+# lex_state2.py
+#
+# Bad state declaration
+
+import sys
+sys.path.insert(0,"..")
+
+import ply.lex as lex
+
+tokens = [ 
+    "PLUS",
+    "MINUS",
+    "NUMBER",
+    ]
+
+comment = 1
+states = ((comment, 'inclusive'),
+          ('example', 'exclusive'))
+
+t_PLUS = r'\+'
+t_MINUS = r'-'
+t_NUMBER = r'\d+'
+
+# Comments
+def t_comment(t):
+    r'/\*'
+    t.lexer.begin('comment')
+    print "Entering comment state"
+
+def t_comment_body_part(t):
+    r'(.|\n)*\*/'
+    print "comment body", t
+    t.lexer.begin('INITIAL')
+
+def t_error(t):
+    pass
+
+import sys
+
+lex.lex()
+
+
diff --git a/chall/ply-2.2/test/lex_state4.exp b/chall/ply-2.2/test/lex_state4.exp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..7497a47
--- /dev/null
+++ b/chall/ply-2.2/test/lex_state4.exp
@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+lex: state type for state comment must be 'inclusive' or 'exclusive'
+Traceback (most recent call last):
+  File "./lex_state4.py", line 39, in ?
+    lex.lex()
+  File "../ply/lex.py", line 758, in lex
+    raise SyntaxError,"lex: Unable to build lexer."
+SyntaxError: lex: Unable to build lexer.
diff --git a/chall/ply-2.2/test/lex_state4.py b/chall/ply-2.2/test/lex_state4.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..0993aa9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/chall/ply-2.2/test/lex_state4.py
@@ -0,0 +1,41 @@
+# lex_state2.py
+#
+# Bad state declaration
+
+import sys
+sys.path.insert(0,"..")
+
+import ply.lex as lex
+
+tokens = [ 
+    "PLUS",
+    "MINUS",
+    "NUMBER",
+    ]
+
+comment = 1
+states = (('comment', 'exclsive'),)
+
+t_PLUS = r'\+'
+t_MINUS = r'-'
+t_NUMBER = r'\d+'
+
+# Comments
+def t_comment(t):
+    r'/\*'
+    t.lexer.begin('comment')
+    print "Entering comment state"
+
+def t_comment_body_part(t):
+    r'(.|\n)*\*/'
+    print "comment body", t
+    t.lexer.begin('INITIAL')
+
+def t_error(t):
+    pass
+
+import sys
+
+lex.lex()
+
+
diff --git a/chall/ply-2.2/test/lex_state5.exp b/chall/ply-2.2/test/lex_state5.exp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..e9e43e8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/chall/ply-2.2/test/lex_state5.exp
@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+lex: state 'comment' already defined.
+Traceback (most recent call last):
+  File "./lex_state5.py", line 40, in ?
+    lex.lex()
+  File "../ply/lex.py", line 758, in lex
+    raise SyntaxError,"lex: Unable to build lexer."
+SyntaxError: lex: Unable to build lexer.
diff --git a/chall/ply-2.2/test/lex_state5.py b/chall/ply-2.2/test/lex_state5.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..c3c1cbf
--- /dev/null
+++ b/chall/ply-2.2/test/lex_state5.py
@@ -0,0 +1,42 @@
+# lex_state2.py
+#
+# Bad state declaration
+
+import sys
+sys.path.insert(0,"..")
+
+import ply.lex as lex
+
+tokens = [ 
+    "PLUS",
+    "MINUS",
+    "NUMBER",
+    ]
+
+comment = 1
+states = (('comment', 'exclusive'),
+          ('comment', 'exclusive'))
+
+t_PLUS = r'\+'
+t_MINUS = r'-'
+t_NUMBER = r'\d+'
+
+# Comments
+def t_comment(t):
+    r'/\*'
+    t.lexer.begin('comment')
+    print "Entering comment state"
+
+def t_comment_body_part(t):
+    r'(.|\n)*\*/'
+    print "comment body", t
+    t.lexer.begin('INITIAL')
+
+def t_error(t):
+    pass
+
+import sys
+
+lex.lex()
+
+
diff --git a/chall/ply-2.2/test/lex_state_noerror.exp b/chall/ply-2.2/test/lex_state_noerror.exp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..e14149f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/chall/ply-2.2/test/lex_state_noerror.exp
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+lex: Warning. no error rule is defined for exclusive state 'comment'
diff --git a/chall/ply-2.2/test/lex_state_noerror.py b/chall/ply-2.2/test/lex_state_noerror.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..853b157
--- /dev/null
+++ b/chall/ply-2.2/test/lex_state_noerror.py
@@ -0,0 +1,41 @@
+# lex_state2.py
+#
+# Declaration of a state for which no rules are defined
+
+import sys
+sys.path.insert(0,"..")
+
+import ply.lex as lex
+
+tokens = [ 
+    "PLUS",
+    "MINUS",
+    "NUMBER",
+    ]
+
+comment = 1
+states = (('comment', 'exclusive'),)
+
+t_PLUS = r'\+'
+t_MINUS = r'-'
+t_NUMBER = r'\d+'
+
+# Comments
+def t_comment(t):
+    r'/\*'
+    t.lexer.begin('comment')
+    print "Entering comment state"
+
+def t_comment_body_part(t):
+    r'(.|\n)*\*/'
+    print "comment body", t
+    t.lexer.begin('INITIAL')
+
+def t_error(t):
+    pass
+
+import sys
+
+lex.lex()
+
+
diff --git a/chall/ply-2.2/test/lex_state_norule.exp b/chall/ply-2.2/test/lex_state_norule.exp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..a8ff4ca
--- /dev/null
+++ b/chall/ply-2.2/test/lex_state_norule.exp
@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+lex: No rules defined for state 'example'
+Traceback (most recent call last):
+  File "./lex_state_norule.py", line 40, in ?
+    lex.lex()
+  File "../ply/lex.py", line 758, in lex
+    raise SyntaxError,"lex: Unable to build lexer."
+SyntaxError: lex: Unable to build lexer.
diff --git a/chall/ply-2.2/test/lex_state_norule.py b/chall/ply-2.2/test/lex_state_norule.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..e48a319
--- /dev/null
+++ b/chall/ply-2.2/test/lex_state_norule.py
@@ -0,0 +1,42 @@
+# lex_state2.py
+#
+# Declaration of a state for which no rules are defined
+
+import sys
+sys.path.insert(0,"..")
+
+import ply.lex as lex
+
+tokens = [ 
+    "PLUS",
+    "MINUS",
+    "NUMBER",
+    ]
+
+comment = 1
+states = (('comment', 'exclusive'),
+          ('example', 'exclusive'))
+
+t_PLUS = r'\+'
+t_MINUS = r'-'
+t_NUMBER = r'\d+'
+
+# Comments
+def t_comment(t):
+    r'/\*'
+    t.lexer.begin('comment')
+    print "Entering comment state"
+
+def t_comment_body_part(t):
+    r'(.|\n)*\*/'
+    print "comment body", t
+    t.lexer.begin('INITIAL')
+
+def t_error(t):
+    pass
+
+import sys
+
+lex.lex()
+
+
diff --git a/chall/ply-2.2/test/lex_state_try.exp b/chall/ply-2.2/test/lex_state_try.exp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..65f2e38
--- /dev/null
+++ b/chall/ply-2.2/test/lex_state_try.exp
@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+(NUMBER,'3',1,0)
+(PLUS,'+',1,2)
+(NUMBER,'4',1,4)
+Entering comment state
+comment body LexToken(comment_body_part,'This is a comment */',1,9)
+(PLUS,'+',1,30)
+(NUMBER,'10',1,32)
diff --git a/chall/ply-2.2/test/lex_state_try.py b/chall/ply-2.2/test/lex_state_try.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..a16403e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/chall/ply-2.2/test/lex_state_try.py
@@ -0,0 +1,48 @@
+# lex_state2.py
+#
+# Declaration of a state for which no rules are defined
+
+import sys
+sys.path.insert(0,"..")
+
+import ply.lex as lex
+
+tokens = [ 
+    "PLUS",
+    "MINUS",
+    "NUMBER",
+    ]
+
+comment = 1
+states = (('comment', 'exclusive'),)
+
+t_PLUS = r'\+'
+t_MINUS = r'-'
+t_NUMBER = r'\d+'
+
+t_ignore = " \t"
+
+# Comments
+def t_comment(t):
+    r'/\*'
+    t.lexer.begin('comment')
+    print "Entering comment state"
+
+def t_comment_body_part(t):
+    r'(.|\n)*\*/'
+    print "comment body", t
+    t.lexer.begin('INITIAL')
+
+def t_error(t):
+    pass
+
+t_comment_error = t_error
+t_comment_ignore = t_ignore
+
+import sys
+
+lex.lex()
+
+data = "3 + 4 /* This is a comment */ + 10"
+
+lex.runmain(data=data)
diff --git a/chall/ply-2.2/test/lex_token1.exp b/chall/ply-2.2/test/lex_token1.exp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..3792831
--- /dev/null
+++ b/chall/ply-2.2/test/lex_token1.exp
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+SyntaxError: lex: module does not define 'tokens'
diff --git a/chall/ply-2.2/test/lex_token1.py b/chall/ply-2.2/test/lex_token1.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..380c31c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/chall/ply-2.2/test/lex_token1.py
@@ -0,0 +1,21 @@
+# lex_token.py
+#
+# Tests for absence of tokens variable
+
+import sys
+sys.path.insert(0,"..")
+
+import ply.lex as lex
+
+t_PLUS = r'\+'
+t_MINUS = r'-'
+t_NUMBER = r'\d+'
+
+def t_error(t):
+    pass
+
+sys.tracebacklimit = 0
+
+lex.lex()
+
+
diff --git a/chall/ply-2.2/test/lex_token2.exp b/chall/ply-2.2/test/lex_token2.exp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..3f98fe5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/chall/ply-2.2/test/lex_token2.exp
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+SyntaxError: lex: tokens must be a list or tuple.
diff --git a/chall/ply-2.2/test/lex_token2.py b/chall/ply-2.2/test/lex_token2.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..87db8a0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/chall/ply-2.2/test/lex_token2.py
@@ -0,0 +1,23 @@
+# lex_token.py
+#
+# Tests for tokens of wrong type
+
+import sys
+sys.path.insert(0,"..")
+
+import ply.lex as lex
+
+tokens = "PLUS MINUS NUMBER"
+
+t_PLUS = r'\+'
+t_MINUS = r'-'
+t_NUMBER = r'\d+'
+
+def t_error(t):
+    pass
+
+sys.tracebacklimit = 0
+
+lex.lex()
+
+
diff --git a/chall/ply-2.2/test/lex_token3.exp b/chall/ply-2.2/test/lex_token3.exp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..d991d3c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/chall/ply-2.2/test/lex_token3.exp
@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
+lex: Rule 't_MINUS' defined for an unspecified token MINUS.
+SyntaxError: lex: Unable to build lexer.
diff --git a/chall/ply-2.2/test/lex_token3.py b/chall/ply-2.2/test/lex_token3.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..27ce947
--- /dev/null
+++ b/chall/ply-2.2/test/lex_token3.py
@@ -0,0 +1,27 @@
+# lex_token.py
+#
+# tokens is right type, but is missing a token for one rule
+
+import sys
+sys.path.insert(0,"..")
+
+import ply.lex as lex
+
+tokens = [
+    "PLUS",
+    "NUMBER",
+    ]
+
+t_PLUS = r'\+'
+t_MINUS = r'-'
+t_NUMBER = r'\d+'
+
+def t_error(t):
+    pass
+
+
+sys.tracebacklimit = 0
+
+lex.lex()
+
+
diff --git a/chall/ply-2.2/test/lex_token4.exp b/chall/ply-2.2/test/lex_token4.exp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..3dd88e0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/chall/ply-2.2/test/lex_token4.exp
@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
+lex: Bad token name '-'
+SyntaxError: lex: Unable to build lexer.
diff --git a/chall/ply-2.2/test/lex_token4.py b/chall/ply-2.2/test/lex_token4.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..612ff13
--- /dev/null
+++ b/chall/ply-2.2/test/lex_token4.py
@@ -0,0 +1,28 @@
+# lex_token.py
+#
+# Bad token name
+
+import sys
+sys.path.insert(0,"..")
+
+import ply.lex as lex
+
+tokens = [
+    "PLUS",
+    "MINUS",
+    "-",
+    "NUMBER",
+    ]
+
+t_PLUS = r'\+'
+t_MINUS = r'-'
+t_NUMBER = r'\d+'
+
+def t_error(t):
+    pass
+
+sys.tracebacklimit = 0
+
+lex.lex()
+
+
diff --git a/chall/ply-2.2/test/lex_token5.exp b/chall/ply-2.2/test/lex_token5.exp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..2f03889
--- /dev/null
+++ b/chall/ply-2.2/test/lex_token5.exp
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+ply.lex.LexError: ./lex_token5.py:19: Rule 't_NUMBER' returned an unknown token type 'NUM'
diff --git a/chall/ply-2.2/test/lex_token5.py b/chall/ply-2.2/test/lex_token5.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..77fabde
--- /dev/null
+++ b/chall/ply-2.2/test/lex_token5.py
@@ -0,0 +1,33 @@
+# lex_token.py
+#
+# Return a bad token name
+
+import sys
+sys.path.insert(0,"..")
+
+import ply.lex as lex
+
+tokens = [
+    "PLUS",
+    "MINUS",
+    "NUMBER",
+    ]
+
+t_PLUS = r'\+'
+t_MINUS = r'-'
+
+def t_NUMBER(t):
+    r'\d+'
+    t.type = "NUM"
+    return t
+
+def t_error(t):
+    pass
+
+sys.tracebacklimit = 0
+
+lex.lex()
+lex.input("1234")
+t = lex.token()
+
+
diff --git a/chall/ply-2.2/test/rununit.py b/chall/ply-2.2/test/rununit.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..d6b36fd
--- /dev/null
+++ b/chall/ply-2.2/test/rununit.py
@@ -0,0 +1,62 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env python 
+'''Script to run all tests using python "unittest" module''' 
+ 
+__author__ = "Miki Tebeka <miki.tebeka@zoran.com>" 
+ 
+from unittest import TestCase, main, makeSuite, TestSuite 
+from os import popen, environ, remove 
+from glob import glob 
+from sys import executable, argv 
+from os.path import isfile, basename, splitext 
+ 
+# Add path to lex.py and yacc.py 
+environ["PYTHONPATH"] = ".." 
+ 
+class PLYTest(TestCase): 
+    '''General test case for PLY test''' 
+    def _runtest(self, filename): 
+        '''Run a single test file an compare result''' 
+        exp_file = filename.replace(".py", ".exp") 
+        self.failUnless(isfile(exp_file), "can't find %s" % exp_file) 
+        pipe = popen("%s %s 2>&1" % (executable, filename)) 
+        out = pipe.read().strip() 
+        self.failUnlessEqual(out, open(exp_file).read().strip()) 
+ 
+ 
+class LexText(PLYTest): 
+    '''Testing Lex''' 
+    pass 
+ 
+class YaccTest(PLYTest): 
+    '''Testing Yacc''' 
+ 
+    def tearDown(self): 
+        '''Cleanup parsetab.py[c] file''' 
+        for ext in (".py", ".pyc"): 
+            fname = "parsetab%s" % ext 
+            if isfile(fname): 
+                remove(fname) 
+ 
+def add_test(klass, filename): 
+    '''Add a test to TestCase class''' 
+    def t(self): 
+        self._runtest(filename) 
+    # Test name is test_FILENAME without the ./ and without the .py 
+    setattr(klass, "test_%s" % (splitext(basename(filename))[0]), t) 
+
+# Add lex tests 
+for file in glob("./lex_*.py"): 
+    add_test(LexText, file) 
+lex_suite = makeSuite(LexText, "test_") 
+ 
+# Add yacc tests 
+for file in glob("./yacc_*.py"): 
+    add_test(YaccTest, file) 
+yacc_suite = makeSuite(YaccTest, "test_") 
+ 
+# All tests suite 
+test_suite = TestSuite((lex_suite, yacc_suite)) 
+ 
+if __name__ == "__main__": 
+    main() 
+ 
diff --git a/chall/ply-2.2/test/testlex.py b/chall/ply-2.2/test/testlex.py
new file mode 100755
index 0000000..2dae47a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/chall/ply-2.2/test/testlex.py
@@ -0,0 +1,57 @@
+#!/usr/local/bin
+# ----------------------------------------------------------------------
+# testlex.py
+#
+# Run tests for the lexing module
+# ----------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+import sys,os,glob
+
+if len(sys.argv) < 2:
+    print "Usage: python testlex.py directory"
+    raise SystemExit
+
+dirname = None
+make = 0
+
+for o in sys.argv[1:]:
+    if o == '-make':
+        make = 1
+    else:
+        dirname = o
+        break
+
+if not dirname:
+    print "Usage: python testlex.py [-make] directory"
+    raise SystemExit
+
+f = glob.glob("%s/%s" % (dirname,"lex_*.py"))
+
+print "**** Running tests for lex ****"
+
+for t in f:
+    name = t[:-3]
+    print "Testing %-32s" % name,
+    if make:
+        if not os.path.exists("%s.exp" % name):
+            os.system("python %s.py >%s.exp 2>&1" % (name,name))
+        passed = 1
+    else:
+        os.system("python %s.py >%s.out 2>&1" % (name,name))
+        a = os.system("diff %s.out %s.exp >%s.dif" % (name,name,name))
+        if a == 0:
+            passed = 1
+        else:
+            passed = 0
+
+    if passed:
+        print "Passed"
+    else:
+        print "Failed. See %s.dif" % name
+        
+        
+                      
+
+    
+        
+    
diff --git a/chall/ply-2.2/test/testyacc.py b/chall/ply-2.2/test/testyacc.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..f976ff5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/chall/ply-2.2/test/testyacc.py
@@ -0,0 +1,58 @@
+#!/usr/local/bin
+# ----------------------------------------------------------------------
+# testyacc.py
+#
+# Run tests for the yacc module
+# ----------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+import sys,os,glob
+
+if len(sys.argv) < 2:
+    print "Usage: python testyacc.py directory"
+    raise SystemExit
+
+dirname = None
+make = 0
+
+for o in sys.argv[1:]:
+    if o == '-make':
+        make = 1
+    else:
+        dirname = o
+        break
+
+if not dirname:
+    print "Usage: python testyacc.py [-make] directory"
+    raise SystemExit
+
+f = glob.glob("%s/%s" % (dirname,"yacc_*.py"))
+
+print "**** Running tests for yacc ****"
+
+for t in f:
+    name = t[:-3]
+    print "Testing %-32s" % name,
+    os.system("rm -f %s/parsetab.*" % dirname)
+    if make:
+        if not os.path.exists("%s.exp" % name):
+            os.system("python %s.py >%s.exp 2>&1" % (name,name))
+        passed = 1
+    else:
+        os.system("python %s.py >%s.out 2>&1" % (name,name))
+        a = os.system("diff %s.out %s.exp >%s.dif" % (name,name,name))
+        if a == 0:
+            passed = 1
+        else:
+            passed = 0
+
+    if passed:
+        print "Passed"
+    else:
+        print "Failed. See %s.dif" % name
+        
+        
+                      
+
+    
+        
+    
diff --git a/chall/ply-2.2/test/yacc_badargs.exp b/chall/ply-2.2/test/yacc_badargs.exp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..e994676
--- /dev/null
+++ b/chall/ply-2.2/test/yacc_badargs.exp
@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+./yacc_badargs.py:23: Rule 'p_statement_assign' has too many arguments.
+./yacc_badargs.py:27: Rule 'p_statement_expr' requires an argument.
+ply.yacc.YaccError: Unable to construct parser.
diff --git a/chall/ply-2.2/test/yacc_badargs.py b/chall/ply-2.2/test/yacc_badargs.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..810e529
--- /dev/null
+++ b/chall/ply-2.2/test/yacc_badargs.py
@@ -0,0 +1,68 @@
+# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# yacc_badargs.py
+#
+# Rules with wrong # args
+# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+import sys
+sys.tracebacklimit = 0
+sys.path.insert(0,"..")
+import ply.yacc as yacc
+
+from calclex import tokens
+
+# Parsing rules
+precedence = (
+    ('left','PLUS','MINUS'),
+    ('left','TIMES','DIVIDE'),
+    ('right','UMINUS'),
+    )
+
+# dictionary of names
+names = { }
+
+def p_statement_assign(t,s):
+    'statement : NAME EQUALS expression'
+    names[t[1]] = t[3]
+
+def p_statement_expr():
+    'statement : expression'
+    print t[1]
+
+def p_expression_binop(t):
+    '''expression : expression PLUS expression
+                  | expression MINUS expression
+                  | expression TIMES expression
+                  | expression DIVIDE expression'''
+    if t[2] == '+'  : t[0] = t[1] + t[3]
+    elif t[2] == '-': t[0] = t[1] - t[3]
+    elif t[2] == '*': t[0] = t[1] * t[3]
+    elif t[3] == '/': t[0] = t[1] / t[3]
+
+def p_expression_uminus(t):
+    'expression : MINUS expression %prec UMINUS'
+    t[0] = -t[2]
+
+def p_expression_group(t):
+    'expression : LPAREN expression RPAREN'
+    t[0] = t[2]
+
+def p_expression_number(t):
+    'expression : NUMBER'
+    t[0] = t[1]
+
+def p_expression_name(t):
+    'expression : NAME'
+    try:
+        t[0] = names[t[1]]
+    except LookupError:
+        print "Undefined name '%s'" % t[1]
+        t[0] = 0
+
+def p_error(t):
+    print "Syntax error at '%s'" % t.value
+
+yacc.yacc()
+
+
+
+
diff --git a/chall/ply-2.2/test/yacc_badprec.exp b/chall/ply-2.2/test/yacc_badprec.exp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..f4f574b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/chall/ply-2.2/test/yacc_badprec.exp
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+ply.yacc.YaccError: precedence must be a list or tuple.
diff --git a/chall/ply-2.2/test/yacc_badprec.py b/chall/ply-2.2/test/yacc_badprec.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..8f64652
--- /dev/null
+++ b/chall/ply-2.2/test/yacc_badprec.py
@@ -0,0 +1,65 @@
+# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# yacc_badprec.py
+#
+# Bad precedence specifier
+# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+import sys
+sys.tracebacklimit = 0
+
+sys.path.insert(0,"..")
+import ply.yacc as yacc
+
+from calclex import tokens
+
+# Parsing rules
+precedence = "blah"
+
+# dictionary of names
+names = { }
+
+def p_statement_assign(t):
+    'statement : NAME EQUALS expression'
+    names[t[1]] = t[3]
+
+def p_statement_expr(t):
+    'statement : expression'
+    print t[1]
+
+def p_expression_binop(t):
+    '''expression : expression PLUS expression
+                  | expression MINUS expression
+                  | expression TIMES expression
+                  | expression DIVIDE expression'''
+    if t[2] == '+'  : t[0] = t[1] + t[3]
+    elif t[2] == '-': t[0] = t[1] - t[3]
+    elif t[2] == '*': t[0] = t[1] * t[3]
+    elif t[3] == '/': t[0] = t[1] / t[3]
+
+def p_expression_uminus(t):
+    'expression : MINUS expression %prec UMINUS'
+    t[0] = -t[2]
+
+def p_expression_group(t):
+    'expression : LPAREN expression RPAREN'
+    t[0] = t[2]
+
+def p_expression_number(t):
+    'expression : NUMBER'
+    t[0] = t[1]
+
+def p_expression_name(t):
+    'expression : NAME'
+    try:
+        t[0] = names[t[1]]
+    except LookupError:
+        print "Undefined name '%s'" % t[1]
+        t[0] = 0
+
+def p_error(t):
+    print "Syntax error at '%s'" % t.value
+
+yacc.yacc()
+
+
+
+
diff --git a/chall/ply-2.2/test/yacc_badprec2.exp b/chall/ply-2.2/test/yacc_badprec2.exp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..8fac075
--- /dev/null
+++ b/chall/ply-2.2/test/yacc_badprec2.exp
@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+yacc: Invalid precedence table.
+yacc: Generating LALR parsing table...
+yacc: 8 shift/reduce conflicts
diff --git a/chall/ply-2.2/test/yacc_badprec2.py b/chall/ply-2.2/test/yacc_badprec2.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..206bda7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/chall/ply-2.2/test/yacc_badprec2.py
@@ -0,0 +1,69 @@
+# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# yacc_badprec2.py
+#
+# Bad precedence
+# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+import sys
+sys.tracebacklimit = 0
+
+sys.path.insert(0,"..")
+import ply.yacc as yacc
+
+from calclex import tokens
+
+# Parsing rules
+precedence = (
+    42,
+    ('left','TIMES','DIVIDE'),
+    ('right','UMINUS'),
+    )
+
+# dictionary of names
+names = { }
+
+def p_statement_assign(t):
+    'statement : NAME EQUALS expression'
+    names[t[1]] = t[3]
+
+def p_statement_expr(t):
+    'statement : expression'
+    print t[1]
+
+def p_expression_binop(t):
+    '''expression : expression PLUS expression
+                  | expression MINUS expression
+                  | expression TIMES expression
+                  | expression DIVIDE expression'''
+    if t[2] == '+'  : t[0] = t[1] + t[3]
+    elif t[2] == '-': t[0] = t[1] - t[3]
+    elif t[2] == '*': t[0] = t[1] * t[3]
+    elif t[3] == '/': t[0] = t[1] / t[3]
+
+def p_expression_uminus(t):
+    'expression : MINUS expression %prec UMINUS'
+    t[0] = -t[2]
+
+def p_expression_group(t):
+    'expression : LPAREN expression RPAREN'
+    t[0] = t[2]
+
+def p_expression_number(t):
+    'expression : NUMBER'
+    t[0] = t[1]
+
+def p_expression_name(t):
+    'expression : NAME'
+    try:
+        t[0] = names[t[1]]
+    except LookupError:
+        print "Undefined name '%s'" % t[1]
+        t[0] = 0
+
+def p_error(t):
+    print "Syntax error at '%s'" % t.value
+
+yacc.yacc()
+
+
+
+
diff --git a/chall/ply-2.2/test/yacc_badrule.exp b/chall/ply-2.2/test/yacc_badrule.exp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..a87bf7d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/chall/ply-2.2/test/yacc_badrule.exp
@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+./yacc_badrule.py:25: Syntax error. Expected ':'
+./yacc_badrule.py:29: Syntax error in rule 'statement'
+./yacc_badrule.py:34: Syntax error. Expected ':'
+./yacc_badrule.py:43: Syntax error. Expected ':'
+ply.yacc.YaccError: Unable to construct parser.
diff --git a/chall/ply-2.2/test/yacc_badrule.py b/chall/ply-2.2/test/yacc_badrule.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..f5fef8a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/chall/ply-2.2/test/yacc_badrule.py
@@ -0,0 +1,69 @@
+# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# yacc_badrule.py
+#
+# Syntax problems in the rule strings
+# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+import sys
+sys.tracebacklimit = 0
+
+sys.path.insert(0,"..")
+import ply.yacc as yacc
+
+from calclex import tokens
+
+# Parsing rules
+precedence = (
+    ('left','PLUS','MINUS'),
+    ('left','TIMES','DIVIDE'),
+    ('right','UMINUS'),
+    )
+
+# dictionary of names
+names = { }
+
+def p_statement_assign(t):
+    'statement NAME EQUALS expression'
+    names[t[1]] = t[3]
+
+def p_statement_expr(t):
+    'statement'
+    print t[1]
+
+def p_expression_binop(t):
+    '''expression : expression PLUS expression
+                   expression MINUS expression
+                  | expression TIMES expression
+                  | expression DIVIDE expression'''
+    if t[2] == '+'  : t[0] = t[1] + t[3]
+    elif t[2] == '-': t[0] = t[1] - t[3]
+    elif t[2] == '*': t[0] = t[1] * t[3]
+    elif t[3] == '/': t[0] = t[1] / t[3]
+
+def p_expression_uminus(t):
+    'expression: MINUS expression %prec UMINUS'
+    t[0] = -t[2]
+
+def p_expression_group(t):
+    'expression : LPAREN expression RPAREN'
+    t[0] = t[2]
+
+def p_expression_number(t):
+    'expression : NUMBER'
+    t[0] = t[1]
+
+def p_expression_name(t):
+    'expression : NAME'
+    try:
+        t[0] = names[t[1]]
+    except LookupError:
+        print "Undefined name '%s'" % t[1]
+        t[0] = 0
+
+def p_error(t):
+    print "Syntax error at '%s'" % t.value
+
+yacc.yacc()
+
+
+
+
diff --git a/chall/ply-2.2/test/yacc_badtok.exp b/chall/ply-2.2/test/yacc_badtok.exp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..ccdc0e7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/chall/ply-2.2/test/yacc_badtok.exp
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+ply.yacc.YaccError: tokens must be a list or tuple.
diff --git a/chall/ply-2.2/test/yacc_badtok.py b/chall/ply-2.2/test/yacc_badtok.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..4f2af51
--- /dev/null
+++ b/chall/ply-2.2/test/yacc_badtok.py
@@ -0,0 +1,70 @@
+# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# yacc_badtok.py
+#
+# A grammar, but tokens is a bad datatype
+# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+import sys
+sys.tracebacklimit = 0
+
+sys.path.insert(0,"..")
+import ply.yacc as yacc
+
+tokens = "Hello"
+
+# Parsing rules
+precedence = (
+    ('left','PLUS','MINUS'),
+    ('left','TIMES','DIVIDE'),
+    ('right','UMINUS'),
+    )
+
+# dictionary of names
+names = { }
+
+def p_statement_assign(t):
+    'statement : NAME EQUALS expression'
+    names[t[1]] = t[3]
+
+def p_statement_expr(t):
+    'statement : expression'
+    print t[1]
+
+def p_expression_binop(t):
+    '''expression : expression PLUS expression
+                  | expression MINUS expression
+                  | expression TIMES expression
+                  | expression DIVIDE expression'''
+    if t[2] == '+'  : t[0] = t[1] + t[3]
+    elif t[2] == '-': t[0] = t[1] - t[3]
+    elif t[2] == '*': t[0] = t[1] * t[3]
+    elif t[3] == '/': t[0] = t[1] / t[3]
+
+def p_expression_uminus(t):
+    'expression : MINUS expression %prec UMINUS'
+    t[0] = -t[2]
+
+def p_expression_group(t):
+    'expression : LPAREN expression RPAREN'
+    t[0] = t[2]
+
+def p_expression_number(t):
+    'expression : NUMBER'
+    t[0] = t[1]
+
+def p_expression_name(t):
+    'expression : NAME'
+    try:
+        t[0] = names[t[1]]
+    except LookupError:
+        print "Undefined name '%s'" % t[1]
+        t[0] = 0
+
+def p_error(t):
+    print "Syntax error at '%s'" % t.value
+
+yacc.yacc()
+
+
+
+
diff --git a/chall/ply-2.2/test/yacc_dup.exp b/chall/ply-2.2/test/yacc_dup.exp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..fdfb210
--- /dev/null
+++ b/chall/ply-2.2/test/yacc_dup.exp
@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+./yacc_dup.py:28: Function p_statement redefined. Previously defined on line 24
+yacc: Warning. Token 'EQUALS' defined, but not used.
+yacc: Warning. There is 1 unused token.
+yacc: Generating LALR parsing table...
diff --git a/chall/ply-2.2/test/yacc_dup.py b/chall/ply-2.2/test/yacc_dup.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..e0b683d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/chall/ply-2.2/test/yacc_dup.py
@@ -0,0 +1,69 @@
+# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# yacc_dup.py
+#
+# Duplicated rule name
+# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+import sys
+sys.tracebacklimit = 0
+
+sys.path.insert(0,"..")
+import ply.yacc as yacc
+
+from calclex import tokens
+
+# Parsing rules
+precedence = (
+    ('left','PLUS','MINUS'),
+    ('left','TIMES','DIVIDE'),
+    ('right','UMINUS'),
+    )
+
+# dictionary of names
+names = { }
+
+def p_statement(t):
+    'statement : NAME EQUALS expression'
+    names[t[1]] = t[3]
+
+def p_statement(t):
+    'statement : expression'
+    print t[1]
+
+def p_expression_binop(t):
+    '''expression : expression PLUS expression
+                  | expression MINUS expression
+                  | expression TIMES expression
+                  | expression DIVIDE expression'''
+    if t[2] == '+'  : t[0] = t[1] + t[3]
+    elif t[2] == '-': t[0] = t[1] - t[3]
+    elif t[2] == '*': t[0] = t[1] * t[3]
+    elif t[3] == '/': t[0] = t[1] / t[3]
+
+def p_expression_uminus(t):
+    'expression : MINUS expression %prec UMINUS'
+    t[0] = -t[2]
+
+def p_expression_group(t):
+    'expression : LPAREN expression RPAREN'
+    t[0] = t[2]
+
+def p_expression_number(t):
+    'expression : NUMBER'
+    t[0] = t[1]
+
+def p_expression_name(t):
+    'expression : NAME'
+    try:
+        t[0] = names[t[1]]
+    except LookupError:
+        print "Undefined name '%s'" % t[1]
+        t[0] = 0
+
+def p_error(t):
+    print "Syntax error at '%s'" % t.value
+
+yacc.yacc()
+
+
+
+
diff --git a/chall/ply-2.2/test/yacc_error1.exp b/chall/ply-2.2/test/yacc_error1.exp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..13bed04
--- /dev/null
+++ b/chall/ply-2.2/test/yacc_error1.exp
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+ply.yacc.YaccError: ./yacc_error1.py:62: p_error() requires 1 argument.
diff --git a/chall/ply-2.2/test/yacc_error1.py b/chall/ply-2.2/test/yacc_error1.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..2768fc1
--- /dev/null
+++ b/chall/ply-2.2/test/yacc_error1.py
@@ -0,0 +1,69 @@
+# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# yacc_error1.py
+#
+# Bad p_error() function
+# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+import sys
+sys.tracebacklimit = 0
+
+sys.path.insert(0,"..")
+import ply.yacc as yacc
+
+from calclex import tokens
+
+# Parsing rules
+precedence = (
+    ('left','PLUS','MINUS'),
+    ('left','TIMES','DIVIDE'),
+    ('right','UMINUS'),
+    )
+
+# dictionary of names
+names = { }
+
+def p_statement_assign(t):
+    'statement : NAME EQUALS expression'
+    names[t[1]] = t[3]
+
+def p_statement_expr(t):
+    'statement : expression'
+    print t[1]
+
+def p_expression_binop(t):
+    '''expression : expression PLUS expression
+                  | expression MINUS expression
+                  | expression TIMES expression
+                  | expression DIVIDE expression'''
+    if t[2] == '+'  : t[0] = t[1] + t[3]
+    elif t[2] == '-': t[0] = t[1] - t[3]
+    elif t[2] == '*': t[0] = t[1] * t[3]
+    elif t[3] == '/': t[0] = t[1] / t[3]
+
+def p_expression_uminus(t):
+    'expression : MINUS expression %prec UMINUS'
+    t[0] = -t[2]
+
+def p_expression_group(t):
+    'expression : LPAREN expression RPAREN'
+    t[0] = t[2]
+
+def p_expression_number(t):
+    'expression : NUMBER'
+    t[0] = t[1]
+
+def p_expression_name(t):
+    'expression : NAME'
+    try:
+        t[0] = names[t[1]]
+    except LookupError:
+        print "Undefined name '%s'" % t[1]
+        t[0] = 0
+
+def p_error(t,s):
+    print "Syntax error at '%s'" % t.value
+
+yacc.yacc()
+
+
+
+
diff --git a/chall/ply-2.2/test/yacc_error2.exp b/chall/ply-2.2/test/yacc_error2.exp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..4a7628d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/chall/ply-2.2/test/yacc_error2.exp
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+ply.yacc.YaccError: ./yacc_error2.py:62: p_error() requires 1 argument.
diff --git a/chall/ply-2.2/test/yacc_error2.py b/chall/ply-2.2/test/yacc_error2.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..8f3a052
--- /dev/null
+++ b/chall/ply-2.2/test/yacc_error2.py
@@ -0,0 +1,69 @@
+# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# yacc_error1.py
+#
+# Bad p_error() function
+# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+import sys
+sys.tracebacklimit = 0
+
+sys.path.insert(0,"..")
+import ply.yacc as yacc
+
+from calclex import tokens
+
+# Parsing rules
+precedence = (
+    ('left','PLUS','MINUS'),
+    ('left','TIMES','DIVIDE'),
+    ('right','UMINUS'),
+    )
+
+# dictionary of names
+names = { }
+
+def p_statement_assign(t):
+    'statement : NAME EQUALS expression'
+    names[t[1]] = t[3]
+
+def p_statement_expr(t):
+    'statement : expression'
+    print t[1]
+
+def p_expression_binop(t):
+    '''expression : expression PLUS expression
+                  | expression MINUS expression
+                  | expression TIMES expression
+                  | expression DIVIDE expression'''
+    if t[2] == '+'  : t[0] = t[1] + t[3]
+    elif t[2] == '-': t[0] = t[1] - t[3]
+    elif t[2] == '*': t[0] = t[1] * t[3]
+    elif t[3] == '/': t[0] = t[1] / t[3]
+
+def p_expression_uminus(t):
+    'expression : MINUS expression %prec UMINUS'
+    t[0] = -t[2]
+
+def p_expression_group(t):
+    'expression : LPAREN expression RPAREN'
+    t[0] = t[2]
+
+def p_expression_number(t):
+    'expression : NUMBER'
+    t[0] = t[1]
+
+def p_expression_name(t):
+    'expression : NAME'
+    try:
+        t[0] = names[t[1]]
+    except LookupError:
+        print "Undefined name '%s'" % t[1]
+        t[0] = 0
+
+def p_error():
+    print "Syntax error at '%s'" % t.value
+
+yacc.yacc()
+
+
+
+
diff --git a/chall/ply-2.2/test/yacc_error3.exp b/chall/ply-2.2/test/yacc_error3.exp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..7fca2fe
--- /dev/null
+++ b/chall/ply-2.2/test/yacc_error3.exp
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+ply.yacc.YaccError: 'p_error' defined, but is not a function or method.
diff --git a/chall/ply-2.2/test/yacc_error3.py b/chall/ply-2.2/test/yacc_error3.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..b387de5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/chall/ply-2.2/test/yacc_error3.py
@@ -0,0 +1,68 @@
+# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# yacc_error1.py
+#
+# Bad p_error() function
+# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+import sys
+sys.tracebacklimit = 0
+
+sys.path.insert(0,"..")
+import ply.yacc as yacc
+
+from calclex import tokens
+
+# Parsing rules
+precedence = (
+    ('left','PLUS','MINUS'),
+    ('left','TIMES','DIVIDE'),
+    ('right','UMINUS'),
+    )
+
+# dictionary of names
+names = { }
+
+def p_statement_assign(t):
+    'statement : NAME EQUALS expression'
+    names[t[1]] = t[3]
+
+def p_statement_expr(t):
+    'statement : expression'
+    print t[1]
+
+def p_expression_binop(t):
+    '''expression : expression PLUS expression
+                  | expression MINUS expression
+                  | expression TIMES expression
+                  | expression DIVIDE expression'''
+    if t[2] == '+'  : t[0] = t[1] + t[3]
+    elif t[2] == '-': t[0] = t[1] - t[3]
+    elif t[2] == '*': t[0] = t[1] * t[3]
+    elif t[3] == '/': t[0] = t[1] / t[3]
+
+def p_expression_uminus(t):
+    'expression : MINUS expression %prec UMINUS'
+    t[0] = -t[2]
+
+def p_expression_group(t):
+    'expression : LPAREN expression RPAREN'
+    t[0] = t[2]
+
+def p_expression_number(t):
+    'expression : NUMBER'
+    t[0] = t[1]
+
+def p_expression_name(t):
+    'expression : NAME'
+    try:
+        t[0] = names[t[1]]
+    except LookupError:
+        print "Undefined name '%s'" % t[1]
+        t[0] = 0
+
+p_error = "blah"
+
+yacc.yacc()
+
+
+
+
diff --git a/chall/ply-2.2/test/yacc_inf.exp b/chall/ply-2.2/test/yacc_inf.exp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..88cfa4a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/chall/ply-2.2/test/yacc_inf.exp
@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+yacc: Warning. Token 'NUMBER' defined, but not used.
+yacc: Warning. There is 1 unused token.
+yacc: Infinite recursion detected for symbol 'statement'.
+yacc: Infinite recursion detected for symbol 'expression'.
+ply.yacc.YaccError: Unable to construct parser.
diff --git a/chall/ply-2.2/test/yacc_inf.py b/chall/ply-2.2/test/yacc_inf.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..9b9aef7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/chall/ply-2.2/test/yacc_inf.py
@@ -0,0 +1,57 @@
+# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# yacc_inf.py
+#
+# Infinite recursion
+# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+import sys
+sys.tracebacklimit = 0
+
+sys.path.insert(0,"..")
+import ply.yacc as yacc
+
+from calclex import tokens
+
+# Parsing rules
+precedence = (
+    ('left','PLUS','MINUS'),
+    ('left','TIMES','DIVIDE'),
+    ('right','UMINUS'),
+    )
+
+# dictionary of names
+names = { }
+
+def p_statement_assign(t):
+    'statement : NAME EQUALS expression'
+    names[t[1]] = t[3]
+
+def p_statement_expr(t):
+    'statement : expression'
+    print t[1]
+
+def p_expression_binop(t):
+    '''expression : expression PLUS expression
+                  | expression MINUS expression
+                  | expression TIMES expression
+                  | expression DIVIDE expression'''
+    if t[2] == '+'  : t[0] = t[1] + t[3]
+    elif t[2] == '-': t[0] = t[1] - t[3]
+    elif t[2] == '*': t[0] = t[1] * t[3]
+    elif t[3] == '/': t[0] = t[1] / t[3]
+
+def p_expression_uminus(t):
+    'expression : MINUS expression %prec UMINUS'
+    t[0] = -t[2]
+
+def p_expression_group(t):
+    'expression : LPAREN expression RPAREN'
+    t[0] = t[2]
+
+def p_error(t):
+    print "Syntax error at '%s'" % t.value
+
+yacc.yacc()
+
+
+
+
diff --git a/chall/ply-2.2/test/yacc_missing1.exp b/chall/ply-2.2/test/yacc_missing1.exp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..de63d4f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/chall/ply-2.2/test/yacc_missing1.exp
@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
+./yacc_missing1.py:25: Symbol 'location' used, but not defined as a token or a rule.
+ply.yacc.YaccError: Unable to construct parser.
diff --git a/chall/ply-2.2/test/yacc_missing1.py b/chall/ply-2.2/test/yacc_missing1.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..fbc54d8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/chall/ply-2.2/test/yacc_missing1.py
@@ -0,0 +1,69 @@
+# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# yacc_missing1.py
+#
+# Grammar with a missing rule
+# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+import sys
+sys.tracebacklimit = 0
+
+sys.path.insert(0,"..")
+import ply.yacc as yacc
+
+from calclex import tokens
+
+# Parsing rules
+precedence = (
+    ('left','PLUS','MINUS'),
+    ('left','TIMES','DIVIDE'),
+    ('right','UMINUS'),
+    )
+
+# dictionary of names
+names = { }
+
+def p_statement_assign(t):
+    'statement : location EQUALS expression'
+    names[t[1]] = t[3]
+
+def p_statement_expr(t):
+    'statement : expression'
+    print t[1]
+
+def p_expression_binop(t):
+    '''expression : expression PLUS expression
+                  | expression MINUS expression
+                  | expression TIMES expression
+                  | expression DIVIDE expression'''
+    if t[2] == '+'  : t[0] = t[1] + t[3]
+    elif t[2] == '-': t[0] = t[1] - t[3]
+    elif t[2] == '*': t[0] = t[1] * t[3]
+    elif t[3] == '/': t[0] = t[1] / t[3]
+
+def p_expression_uminus(t):
+    'expression : MINUS expression %prec UMINUS'
+    t[0] = -t[2]
+
+def p_expression_group(t):
+    'expression : LPAREN expression RPAREN'
+    t[0] = t[2]
+
+def p_expression_number(t):
+    'expression : NUMBER'
+    t[0] = t[1]
+
+def p_expression_name(t):
+    'expression : NAME'
+    try:
+        t[0] = names[t[1]]
+    except LookupError:
+        print "Undefined name '%s'" % t[1]
+        t[0] = 0
+
+def p_error(t):
+    print "Syntax error at '%s'" % t.value
+
+yacc.yacc()
+
+
+
+
diff --git a/chall/ply-2.2/test/yacc_nodoc.exp b/chall/ply-2.2/test/yacc_nodoc.exp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..889ccfc
--- /dev/null
+++ b/chall/ply-2.2/test/yacc_nodoc.exp
@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
+./yacc_nodoc.py:28: No documentation string specified in function 'p_statement_expr'
+yacc: Generating LALR parsing table...
diff --git a/chall/ply-2.2/test/yacc_nodoc.py b/chall/ply-2.2/test/yacc_nodoc.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..4c5ab20
--- /dev/null
+++ b/chall/ply-2.2/test/yacc_nodoc.py
@@ -0,0 +1,68 @@
+# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# yacc_nodoc.py
+#
+# Rule with a missing doc-string
+# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+import sys
+sys.tracebacklimit = 0
+
+sys.path.insert(0,"..")
+import ply.yacc as yacc
+
+from calclex import tokens
+
+# Parsing rules
+precedence = (
+    ('left','PLUS','MINUS'),
+    ('left','TIMES','DIVIDE'),
+    ('right','UMINUS'),
+    )
+
+# dictionary of names
+names = { }
+
+def p_statement_assign(t):
+    'statement : NAME EQUALS expression'
+    names[t[1]] = t[3]
+
+def p_statement_expr(t):
+    print t[1]
+
+def p_expression_binop(t):
+    '''expression : expression PLUS expression
+                  | expression MINUS expression
+                  | expression TIMES expression
+                  | expression DIVIDE expression'''
+    if t[2] == '+'  : t[0] = t[1] + t[3]
+    elif t[2] == '-': t[0] = t[1] - t[3]
+    elif t[2] == '*': t[0] = t[1] * t[3]
+    elif t[3] == '/': t[0] = t[1] / t[3]
+
+def p_expression_uminus(t):
+    'expression : MINUS expression %prec UMINUS'
+    t[0] = -t[2]
+
+def p_expression_group(t):
+    'expression : LPAREN expression RPAREN'
+    t[0] = t[2]
+
+def p_expression_number(t):
+    'expression : NUMBER'
+    t[0] = t[1]
+
+def p_expression_name(t):
+    'expression : NAME'
+    try:
+        t[0] = names[t[1]]
+    except LookupError:
+        print "Undefined name '%s'" % t[1]
+        t[0] = 0
+
+def p_error(t):
+    print "Syntax error at '%s'" % t.value
+
+yacc.yacc()
+
+
+
+
diff --git a/chall/ply-2.2/test/yacc_noerror.exp b/chall/ply-2.2/test/yacc_noerror.exp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..658f907
--- /dev/null
+++ b/chall/ply-2.2/test/yacc_noerror.exp
@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
+yacc: Generating LALR parsing table...
+yacc: Warning. no p_error() function is defined.
diff --git a/chall/ply-2.2/test/yacc_noerror.py b/chall/ply-2.2/test/yacc_noerror.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..9c11838
--- /dev/null
+++ b/chall/ply-2.2/test/yacc_noerror.py
@@ -0,0 +1,67 @@
+# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# yacc_noerror.py
+#
+# No p_error() rule defined.
+# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+import sys
+sys.tracebacklimit = 0
+
+sys.path.insert(0,"..")
+import ply.yacc as yacc
+
+from calclex import tokens
+
+# Parsing rules
+precedence = (
+    ('left','PLUS','MINUS'),
+    ('left','TIMES','DIVIDE'),
+    ('right','UMINUS'),
+    )
+
+# dictionary of names
+names = { }
+
+def p_statement_assign(t):
+    'statement : NAME EQUALS expression'
+    names[t[1]] = t[3]
+
+def p_statement_expr(t):
+    'statement : expression'
+    print t[1]
+
+def p_expression_binop(t):
+    '''expression : expression PLUS expression
+                  | expression MINUS expression
+                  | expression TIMES expression
+                  | expression DIVIDE expression'''
+    if t[2] == '+'  : t[0] = t[1] + t[3]
+    elif t[2] == '-': t[0] = t[1] - t[3]
+    elif t[2] == '*': t[0] = t[1] * t[3]
+    elif t[3] == '/': t[0] = t[1] / t[3]
+
+def p_expression_uminus(t):
+    'expression : MINUS expression %prec UMINUS'
+    t[0] = -t[2]
+
+def p_expression_group(t):
+    'expression : LPAREN expression RPAREN'
+    t[0] = t[2]
+
+def p_expression_number(t):
+    'expression : NUMBER'
+    t[0] = t[1]
+
+def p_expression_name(t):
+    'expression : NAME'
+    try:
+        t[0] = names[t[1]]
+    except LookupError:
+        print "Undefined name '%s'" % t[1]
+        t[0] = 0
+
+
+yacc.yacc()
+
+
+
+
diff --git a/chall/ply-2.2/test/yacc_nop.exp b/chall/ply-2.2/test/yacc_nop.exp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..515fff7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/chall/ply-2.2/test/yacc_nop.exp
@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
+./yacc_nop.py:28: Warning. Possible grammar rule 'statement_expr' defined without p_ prefix.
+yacc: Generating LALR parsing table...
diff --git a/chall/ply-2.2/test/yacc_nop.py b/chall/ply-2.2/test/yacc_nop.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..c0b431d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/chall/ply-2.2/test/yacc_nop.py
@@ -0,0 +1,69 @@
+# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# yacc_nop.py
+#
+# Possible grammar rule defined without p_ prefix
+# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+import sys
+sys.tracebacklimit = 0
+
+sys.path.insert(0,"..")
+import ply.yacc as yacc
+
+from calclex import tokens
+
+# Parsing rules
+precedence = (
+    ('left','PLUS','MINUS'),
+    ('left','TIMES','DIVIDE'),
+    ('right','UMINUS'),
+    )
+
+# dictionary of names
+names = { }
+
+def p_statement_assign(t):
+    'statement : NAME EQUALS expression'
+    names[t[1]] = t[3]
+
+def statement_expr(t):
+    'statement : expression'
+    print t[1]
+
+def p_expression_binop(t):
+    '''expression : expression PLUS expression
+                  | expression MINUS expression
+                  | expression TIMES expression
+                  | expression DIVIDE expression'''
+    if t[2] == '+'  : t[0] = t[1] + t[3]
+    elif t[2] == '-': t[0] = t[1] - t[3]
+    elif t[2] == '*': t[0] = t[1] * t[3]
+    elif t[3] == '/': t[0] = t[1] / t[3]
+
+def p_expression_uminus(t):
+    'expression : MINUS expression %prec UMINUS'
+    t[0] = -t[2]
+
+def p_expression_group(t):
+    'expression : LPAREN expression RPAREN'
+    t[0] = t[2]
+
+def p_expression_number(t):
+    'expression : NUMBER'
+    t[0] = t[1]
+
+def p_expression_name(t):
+    'expression : NAME'
+    try:
+        t[0] = names[t[1]]
+    except LookupError:
+        print "Undefined name '%s'" % t[1]
+        t[0] = 0
+
+def p_error(t):
+    print "Syntax error at '%s'" % t.value
+
+yacc.yacc()
+
+
+
+
diff --git a/chall/ply-2.2/test/yacc_notfunc.exp b/chall/ply-2.2/test/yacc_notfunc.exp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..f73bc93
--- /dev/null
+++ b/chall/ply-2.2/test/yacc_notfunc.exp
@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+yacc: Warning. 'p_statement_assign' not defined as a function
+yacc: Warning. Token 'EQUALS' defined, but not used.
+yacc: Warning. There is 1 unused token.
+yacc: Generating LALR parsing table...
diff --git a/chall/ply-2.2/test/yacc_notfunc.py b/chall/ply-2.2/test/yacc_notfunc.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..8389355
--- /dev/null
+++ b/chall/ply-2.2/test/yacc_notfunc.py
@@ -0,0 +1,67 @@
+# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# yacc_notfunc.py
+#
+# p_rule not defined as a function
+# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+import sys
+sys.tracebacklimit = 0
+
+sys.path.insert(0,"..")
+import ply.yacc as yacc
+
+from calclex import tokens
+
+# Parsing rules
+precedence = (
+    ('left','PLUS','MINUS'),
+    ('left','TIMES','DIVIDE'),
+    ('right','UMINUS'),
+    )
+
+# dictionary of names
+names = { }
+
+p_statement_assign = "Blah"
+
+def p_statement_expr(t):
+    'statement : expression'
+    print t[1]
+
+def p_expression_binop(t):
+    '''expression : expression PLUS expression
+                  | expression MINUS expression
+                  | expression TIMES expression
+                  | expression DIVIDE expression'''
+    if t[2] == '+'  : t[0] = t[1] + t[3]
+    elif t[2] == '-': t[0] = t[1] - t[3]
+    elif t[2] == '*': t[0] = t[1] * t[3]
+    elif t[3] == '/': t[0] = t[1] / t[3]
+
+def p_expression_uminus(t):
+    'expression : MINUS expression %prec UMINUS'
+    t[0] = -t[2]
+
+def p_expression_group(t):
+    'expression : LPAREN expression RPAREN'
+    t[0] = t[2]
+
+def p_expression_number(t):
+    'expression : NUMBER'
+    t[0] = t[1]
+
+def p_expression_name(t):
+    'expression : NAME'
+    try:
+        t[0] = names[t[1]]
+    except LookupError:
+        print "Undefined name '%s'" % t[1]
+        t[0] = 0
+
+def p_error(t):
+    print "Syntax error at '%s'" % t.value
+
+yacc.yacc()
+
+
+
+
diff --git a/chall/ply-2.2/test/yacc_notok.exp b/chall/ply-2.2/test/yacc_notok.exp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..d2399fe
--- /dev/null
+++ b/chall/ply-2.2/test/yacc_notok.exp
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+ply.yacc.YaccError: module does not define a list 'tokens'
diff --git a/chall/ply-2.2/test/yacc_notok.py b/chall/ply-2.2/test/yacc_notok.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..e566a1b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/chall/ply-2.2/test/yacc_notok.py
@@ -0,0 +1,68 @@
+# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# yacc_notok.py
+#
+# A grammar, but we forgot to import the tokens list
+# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+import sys
+sys.tracebacklimit = 0
+
+sys.path.insert(0,"..")
+import ply.yacc as yacc
+
+# Parsing rules
+precedence = (
+    ('left','PLUS','MINUS'),
+    ('left','TIMES','DIVIDE'),
+    ('right','UMINUS'),
+    )
+
+# dictionary of names
+names = { }
+
+def p_statement_assign(t):
+    'statement : NAME EQUALS expression'
+    names[t[1]] = t[3]
+
+def p_statement_expr(t):
+    'statement : expression'
+    print t[1]
+
+def p_expression_binop(t):
+    '''expression : expression PLUS expression
+                  | expression MINUS expression
+                  | expression TIMES expression
+                  | expression DIVIDE expression'''
+    if t[2] == '+'  : t[0] = t[1] + t[3]
+    elif t[2] == '-': t[0] = t[1] - t[3]
+    elif t[2] == '*': t[0] = t[1] * t[3]
+    elif t[3] == '/': t[0] = t[1] / t[3]
+
+def p_expression_uminus(t):
+    'expression : MINUS expression %prec UMINUS'
+    t[0] = -t[2]
+
+def p_expression_group(t):
+    'expression : LPAREN expression RPAREN'
+    t[0] = t[2]
+
+def p_expression_number(t):
+    'expression : NUMBER'
+    t[0] = t[1]
+
+def p_expression_name(t):
+    'expression : NAME'
+    try:
+        t[0] = names[t[1]]
+    except LookupError:
+        print "Undefined name '%s'" % t[1]
+        t[0] = 0
+
+def p_error(t):
+    print "Syntax error at '%s'" % t.value
+
+yacc.yacc()
+
+
+
+
diff --git a/chall/ply-2.2/test/yacc_rr.exp b/chall/ply-2.2/test/yacc_rr.exp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..f73cefd
--- /dev/null
+++ b/chall/ply-2.2/test/yacc_rr.exp
@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
+yacc: Generating LALR parsing table...
+yacc: 1 reduce/reduce conflict
diff --git a/chall/ply-2.2/test/yacc_rr.py b/chall/ply-2.2/test/yacc_rr.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..bb8cba2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/chall/ply-2.2/test/yacc_rr.py
@@ -0,0 +1,73 @@
+# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# yacc_rr.py
+#
+# A grammar with a reduce/reduce conflict
+# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+import sys
+sys.tracebacklimit = 0
+
+sys.path.insert(0,"..")
+import ply.yacc as yacc
+
+from calclex import tokens
+
+# Parsing rules
+precedence = (
+    ('left','PLUS','MINUS'),
+    ('left','TIMES','DIVIDE'),
+    ('right','UMINUS'),
+    )
+
+# dictionary of names
+names = { }
+
+def p_statement_assign(t):
+    'statement : NAME EQUALS expression'
+    names[t[1]] = t[3]
+
+def p_statement_assign_2(t):
+    'statement : NAME EQUALS NUMBER'
+    names[t[1]] = t[3]
+
+def p_statement_expr(t):
+    'statement : expression'
+    print t[1]
+
+def p_expression_binop(t):
+    '''expression : expression PLUS expression
+                  | expression MINUS expression
+                  | expression TIMES expression
+                  | expression DIVIDE expression'''
+    if t[2] == '+'  : t[0] = t[1] + t[3]
+    elif t[2] == '-': t[0] = t[1] - t[3]
+    elif t[2] == '*': t[0] = t[1] * t[3]
+    elif t[3] == '/': t[0] = t[1] / t[3]
+
+def p_expression_uminus(t):
+    'expression : MINUS expression %prec UMINUS'
+    t[0] = -t[2]
+
+def p_expression_group(t):
+    'expression : LPAREN expression RPAREN'
+    t[0] = t[2]
+
+def p_expression_number(t):
+    'expression : NUMBER'
+    t[0] = t[1]
+
+def p_expression_name(t):
+    'expression : NAME'
+    try:
+        t[0] = names[t[1]]
+    except LookupError:
+        print "Undefined name '%s'" % t[1]
+        t[0] = 0
+
+def p_error(t):
+    print "Syntax error at '%s'" % t.value
+
+yacc.yacc()
+
+
+
+
diff --git a/chall/ply-2.2/test/yacc_simple.exp b/chall/ply-2.2/test/yacc_simple.exp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..3836031
--- /dev/null
+++ b/chall/ply-2.2/test/yacc_simple.exp
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+yacc: Generating LALR parsing table...
diff --git a/chall/ply-2.2/test/yacc_simple.py b/chall/ply-2.2/test/yacc_simple.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..b5dc9f3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/chall/ply-2.2/test/yacc_simple.py
@@ -0,0 +1,69 @@
+# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# yacc_simple.py
+#
+# A simple, properly specifier grammar
+# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+import sys
+sys.tracebacklimit = 0
+
+sys.path.insert(0,"..")
+import ply.yacc as yacc
+
+from calclex import tokens
+
+# Parsing rules
+precedence = (
+    ('left','PLUS','MINUS'),
+    ('left','TIMES','DIVIDE'),
+    ('right','UMINUS'),
+    )
+
+# dictionary of names
+names = { }
+
+def p_statement_assign(t):
+    'statement : NAME EQUALS expression'
+    names[t[1]] = t[3]
+
+def p_statement_expr(t):
+    'statement : expression'
+    print t[1]
+
+def p_expression_binop(t):
+    '''expression : expression PLUS expression
+                  | expression MINUS expression
+                  | expression TIMES expression
+                  | expression DIVIDE expression'''
+    if t[2] == '+'  : t[0] = t[1] + t[3]
+    elif t[2] == '-': t[0] = t[1] - t[3]
+    elif t[2] == '*': t[0] = t[1] * t[3]
+    elif t[3] == '/': t[0] = t[1] / t[3]
+
+def p_expression_uminus(t):
+    'expression : MINUS expression %prec UMINUS'
+    t[0] = -t[2]
+
+def p_expression_group(t):
+    'expression : LPAREN expression RPAREN'
+    t[0] = t[2]
+
+def p_expression_number(t):
+    'expression : NUMBER'
+    t[0] = t[1]
+
+def p_expression_name(t):
+    'expression : NAME'
+    try:
+        t[0] = names[t[1]]
+    except LookupError:
+        print "Undefined name '%s'" % t[1]
+        t[0] = 0
+
+def p_error(t):
+    print "Syntax error at '%s'" % t.value
+
+yacc.yacc()
+
+
+
+
diff --git a/chall/ply-2.2/test/yacc_sr.exp b/chall/ply-2.2/test/yacc_sr.exp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..1b76450
--- /dev/null
+++ b/chall/ply-2.2/test/yacc_sr.exp
@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
+yacc: Generating LALR parsing table...
+yacc: 20 shift/reduce conflicts
diff --git a/chall/ply-2.2/test/yacc_sr.py b/chall/ply-2.2/test/yacc_sr.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..e2f03ec
--- /dev/null
+++ b/chall/ply-2.2/test/yacc_sr.py
@@ -0,0 +1,64 @@
+# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# yacc_sr.py
+#
+# A grammar with shift-reduce conflicts
+# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+import sys
+sys.tracebacklimit = 0
+
+sys.path.insert(0,"..")
+import ply.yacc as yacc
+
+from calclex import tokens
+
+# Parsing rules
+
+# dictionary of names
+names = { }
+
+def p_statement_assign(t):
+    'statement : NAME EQUALS expression'
+    names[t[1]] = t[3]
+
+def p_statement_expr(t):
+    'statement : expression'
+    print t[1]
+
+def p_expression_binop(t):
+    '''expression : expression PLUS expression
+                  | expression MINUS expression
+                  | expression TIMES expression
+                  | expression DIVIDE expression'''
+    if t[2] == '+'  : t[0] = t[1] + t[3]
+    elif t[2] == '-': t[0] = t[1] - t[3]
+    elif t[2] == '*': t[0] = t[1] * t[3]
+    elif t[3] == '/': t[0] = t[1] / t[3]
+
+def p_expression_uminus(t):
+    'expression : MINUS expression'
+    t[0] = -t[2]
+
+def p_expression_group(t):
+    'expression : LPAREN expression RPAREN'
+    t[0] = t[2]
+
+def p_expression_number(t):
+    'expression : NUMBER'
+    t[0] = t[1]
+
+def p_expression_name(t):
+    'expression : NAME'
+    try:
+        t[0] = names[t[1]]
+    except LookupError:
+        print "Undefined name '%s'" % t[1]
+        t[0] = 0
+
+def p_error(t):
+    print "Syntax error at '%s'" % t.value
+
+yacc.yacc()
+
+
+
+
diff --git a/chall/ply-2.2/test/yacc_term1.exp b/chall/ply-2.2/test/yacc_term1.exp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..40f9bdf
--- /dev/null
+++ b/chall/ply-2.2/test/yacc_term1.exp
@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
+./yacc_term1.py:25: Illegal rule name 'NUMBER'. Already defined as a token.
+ply.yacc.YaccError: Unable to construct parser.
diff --git a/chall/ply-2.2/test/yacc_term1.py b/chall/ply-2.2/test/yacc_term1.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..bbc52da
--- /dev/null
+++ b/chall/ply-2.2/test/yacc_term1.py
@@ -0,0 +1,69 @@
+# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# yacc_term1.py
+#
+# Terminal used on the left-hand-side
+# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+import sys
+sys.tracebacklimit = 0
+
+sys.path.insert(0,"..")
+import ply.yacc as yacc
+
+from calclex import tokens
+
+# Parsing rules
+precedence = (
+    ('left','PLUS','MINUS'),
+    ('left','TIMES','DIVIDE'),
+    ('right','UMINUS'),
+    )
+
+# dictionary of names
+names = { }
+
+def p_statement_assign(t):
+    'NUMBER : NAME EQUALS expression'
+    names[t[1]] = t[3]
+
+def p_statement_expr(t):
+    'statement : expression'
+    print t[1]
+
+def p_expression_binop(t):
+    '''expression : expression PLUS expression
+                  | expression MINUS expression
+                  | expression TIMES expression
+                  | expression DIVIDE expression'''
+    if t[2] == '+'  : t[0] = t[1] + t[3]
+    elif t[2] == '-': t[0] = t[1] - t[3]
+    elif t[2] == '*': t[0] = t[1] * t[3]
+    elif t[3] == '/': t[0] = t[1] / t[3]
+
+def p_expression_uminus(t):
+    'expression : MINUS expression %prec UMINUS'
+    t[0] = -t[2]
+
+def p_expression_group(t):
+    'expression : LPAREN expression RPAREN'
+    t[0] = t[2]
+
+def p_expression_number(t):
+    'expression : NUMBER'
+    t[0] = t[1]
+
+def p_expression_name(t):
+    'expression : NAME'
+    try:
+        t[0] = names[t[1]]
+    except LookupError:
+        print "Undefined name '%s'" % t[1]
+        t[0] = 0
+
+def p_error(t):
+    print "Syntax error at '%s'" % t.value
+
+yacc.yacc()
+
+
+
+
diff --git a/chall/ply-2.2/test/yacc_unused.exp b/chall/ply-2.2/test/yacc_unused.exp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..6caafd2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/chall/ply-2.2/test/yacc_unused.exp
@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+./yacc_unused.py:63: Symbol 'COMMA' used, but not defined as a token or a rule.
+yacc: Symbol 'COMMA' is unreachable.
+yacc: Symbol 'exprlist' is unreachable.
+ply.yacc.YaccError: Unable to construct parser.
diff --git a/chall/ply-2.2/test/yacc_unused.py b/chall/ply-2.2/test/yacc_unused.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..3a61f99
--- /dev/null
+++ b/chall/ply-2.2/test/yacc_unused.py
@@ -0,0 +1,78 @@
+# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# yacc_unused.py
+#
+# A grammar with an unused rule
+# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+import sys
+sys.tracebacklimit = 0
+
+sys.path.insert(0,"..")
+import ply.yacc as yacc
+
+from calclex import tokens
+
+# Parsing rules
+precedence = (
+    ('left','PLUS','MINUS'),
+    ('left','TIMES','DIVIDE'),
+    ('right','UMINUS'),
+    )
+
+# dictionary of names
+names = { }
+
+def p_statement_assign(t):
+    'statement : NAME EQUALS expression'
+    names[t[1]] = t[3]
+
+def p_statement_expr(t):
+    'statement : expression'
+    print t[1]
+
+def p_expression_binop(t):
+    '''expression : expression PLUS expression
+                  | expression MINUS expression
+                  | expression TIMES expression
+                  | expression DIVIDE expression'''
+    if t[2] == '+'  : t[0] = t[1] + t[3]
+    elif t[2] == '-': t[0] = t[1] - t[3]
+    elif t[2] == '*': t[0] = t[1] * t[3]
+    elif t[3] == '/': t[0] = t[1] / t[3]
+
+def p_expression_uminus(t):
+    'expression : MINUS expression %prec UMINUS'
+    t[0] = -t[2]
+
+def p_expression_group(t):
+    'expression : LPAREN expression RPAREN'
+    t[0] = t[2]
+
+def p_expression_number(t):
+    'expression : NUMBER'
+    t[0] = t[1]
+
+def p_expression_name(t):
+    'expression : NAME'
+    try:
+        t[0] = names[t[1]]
+    except LookupError:
+        print "Undefined name '%s'" % t[1]
+        t[0] = 0
+
+def p_expr_list(t):
+    'exprlist : exprlist COMMA expression'
+    pass
+
+def p_expr_list_2(t):
+    'exprlist : expression'
+    pass
+
+
+def p_error(t):
+    print "Syntax error at '%s'" % t.value
+
+yacc.yacc()
+
+
+
+
diff --git a/chall/ply-2.2/test/yacc_uprec.exp b/chall/ply-2.2/test/yacc_uprec.exp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..eb9a398
--- /dev/null
+++ b/chall/ply-2.2/test/yacc_uprec.exp
@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
+./yacc_uprec.py:38: Nothing known about the precedence of 'UMINUS'
+ply.yacc.YaccError: Unable to construct parser.
diff --git a/chall/ply-2.2/test/yacc_uprec.py b/chall/ply-2.2/test/yacc_uprec.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..0e8711e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/chall/ply-2.2/test/yacc_uprec.py
@@ -0,0 +1,64 @@
+# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# yacc_uprec.py
+#
+# A grammar with a bad %prec specifier
+# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+import sys
+sys.tracebacklimit = 0
+
+sys.path.insert(0,"..")
+import ply.yacc as yacc
+
+from calclex import tokens
+
+# Parsing rules
+
+# dictionary of names
+names = { }
+
+def p_statement_assign(t):
+    'statement : NAME EQUALS expression'
+    names[t[1]] = t[3]
+
+def p_statement_expr(t):
+    'statement : expression'
+    print t[1]
+
+def p_expression_binop(t):
+    '''expression : expression PLUS expression
+                  | expression MINUS expression
+                  | expression TIMES expression
+                  | expression DIVIDE expression'''
+    if t[2] == '+'  : t[0] = t[1] + t[3]
+    elif t[2] == '-': t[0] = t[1] - t[3]
+    elif t[2] == '*': t[0] = t[1] * t[3]
+    elif t[3] == '/': t[0] = t[1] / t[3]
+
+def p_expression_uminus(t):
+    'expression : MINUS expression %prec UMINUS'
+    t[0] = -t[2]
+
+def p_expression_group(t):
+    'expression : LPAREN expression RPAREN'
+    t[0] = t[2]
+
+def p_expression_number(t):
+    'expression : NUMBER'
+    t[0] = t[1]
+
+def p_expression_name(t):
+    'expression : NAME'
+    try:
+        t[0] = names[t[1]]
+    except LookupError:
+        print "Undefined name '%s'" % t[1]
+        t[0] = 0
+
+def p_error(t):
+    print "Syntax error at '%s'" % t.value
+
+yacc.yacc()
+
+
+
+
diff --git a/chall/src/css/bootstrap-grid.css b/chall/src/css/bootstrap-grid.css
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..5a71a41
--- /dev/null
+++ b/chall/src/css/bootstrap-grid.css
@@ -0,0 +1,2050 @@
+/*!
+ * Bootstrap Grid v4.0.0 (https://getbootstrap.com)
+ * Copyright 2011-2018 The Bootstrap Authors
+ * Copyright 2011-2018 Twitter, Inc.
+ * Licensed under MIT (https://github.com/twbs/bootstrap/blob/master/LICENSE)
+ */
+@-ms-viewport {
+  width: device-width;
+}
+
+html {
+  box-sizing: border-box;
+  -ms-overflow-style: scrollbar;
+}
+
+*,
+*::before,
+*::after {
+  box-sizing: inherit;
+}
+
+.container {
+  width: 100%;
+  padding-right: 15px;
+  padding-left: 15px;
+  margin-right: auto;
+  margin-left: auto;
+}
+
+@media (min-width: 576px) {
+  .container {
+    max-width: 540px;
+  }
+}
+
+@media (min-width: 768px) {
+  .container {
+    max-width: 720px;
+  }
+}
+
+@media (min-width: 992px) {
+  .container {
+    max-width: 960px;
+  }
+}
+
+@media (min-width: 1200px) {
+  .container {
+    max-width: 1140px;
+  }
+}
+
+.container-fluid {
+  width: 100%;
+  padding-right: 15px;
+  padding-left: 15px;
+  margin-right: auto;
+  margin-left: auto;
+}
+
+.row {
+  display: -webkit-box;
+  display: -ms-flexbox;
+  display: flex;
+  -ms-flex-wrap: wrap;
+  flex-wrap: wrap;
+  margin-right: -15px;
+  margin-left: -15px;
+}
+
+.no-gutters {
+  margin-right: 0;
+  margin-left: 0;
+}
+
+.no-gutters > .col,
+.no-gutters > [class*="col-"] {
+  padding-right: 0;
+  padding-left: 0;
+}
+
+.col-1, .col-2, .col-3, .col-4, .col-5, .col-6, .col-7, .col-8, .col-9, .col-10, .col-11, .col-12, .col,
+.col-auto, .col-sm-1, .col-sm-2, .col-sm-3, .col-sm-4, .col-sm-5, .col-sm-6, .col-sm-7, .col-sm-8, .col-sm-9, .col-sm-10, .col-sm-11, .col-sm-12, .col-sm,
+.col-sm-auto, .col-md-1, .col-md-2, .col-md-3, .col-md-4, .col-md-5, .col-md-6, .col-md-7, .col-md-8, .col-md-9, .col-md-10, .col-md-11, .col-md-12, .col-md,
+.col-md-auto, .col-lg-1, .col-lg-2, .col-lg-3, .col-lg-4, .col-lg-5, .col-lg-6, .col-lg-7, .col-lg-8, .col-lg-9, .col-lg-10, .col-lg-11, .col-lg-12, .col-lg,
+.col-lg-auto, .col-xl-1, .col-xl-2, .col-xl-3, .col-xl-4, .col-xl-5, .col-xl-6, .col-xl-7, .col-xl-8, .col-xl-9, .col-xl-10, .col-xl-11, .col-xl-12, .col-xl,
+.col-xl-auto {
+  position: relative;
+  width: 100%;
+  min-height: 1px;
+  padding-right: 15px;
+  padding-left: 15px;
+}
+
+.col {
+  -ms-flex-preferred-size: 0;
+  flex-basis: 0;
+  -webkit-box-flex: 1;
+  -ms-flex-positive: 1;
+  flex-grow: 1;
+  max-width: 100%;
+}
+
+.col-auto {
+  -webkit-box-flex: 0;
+  -ms-flex: 0 0 auto;
+  flex: 0 0 auto;
+  width: auto;
+  max-width: none;
+}
+
+.col-1 {
+  -webkit-box-flex: 0;
+  -ms-flex: 0 0 8.333333%;
+  flex: 0 0 8.333333%;
+  max-width: 8.333333%;
+}
+
+.col-2 {
+  -webkit-box-flex: 0;
+  -ms-flex: 0 0 16.666667%;
+  flex: 0 0 16.666667%;
+  max-width: 16.666667%;
+}
+
+.col-3 {
+  -webkit-box-flex: 0;
+  -ms-flex: 0 0 25%;
+  flex: 0 0 25%;
+  max-width: 25%;
+}
+
+.col-4 {
+  -webkit-box-flex: 0;
+  -ms-flex: 0 0 33.333333%;
+  flex: 0 0 33.333333%;
+  max-width: 33.333333%;
+}
+
+.col-5 {
+  -webkit-box-flex: 0;
+  -ms-flex: 0 0 41.666667%;
+  flex: 0 0 41.666667%;
+  max-width: 41.666667%;
+}
+
+.col-6 {
+  -webkit-box-flex: 0;
+  -ms-flex: 0 0 50%;
+  flex: 0 0 50%;
+  max-width: 50%;
+}
+
+.col-7 {
+  -webkit-box-flex: 0;
+  -ms-flex: 0 0 58.333333%;
+  flex: 0 0 58.333333%;
+  max-width: 58.333333%;
+}
+
+.col-8 {
+  -webkit-box-flex: 0;
+  -ms-flex: 0 0 66.666667%;
+  flex: 0 0 66.666667%;
+  max-width: 66.666667%;
+}
+
+.col-9 {
+  -webkit-box-flex: 0;
+  -ms-flex: 0 0 75%;
+  flex: 0 0 75%;
+  max-width: 75%;
+}
+
+.col-10 {
+  -webkit-box-flex: 0;
+  -ms-flex: 0 0 83.333333%;
+  flex: 0 0 83.333333%;
+  max-width: 83.333333%;
+}
+
+.col-11 {
+  -webkit-box-flex: 0;
+  -ms-flex: 0 0 91.666667%;
+  flex: 0 0 91.666667%;
+  max-width: 91.666667%;
+}
+
+.col-12 {
+  -webkit-box-flex: 0;
+  -ms-flex: 0 0 100%;
+  flex: 0 0 100%;
+  max-width: 100%;
+}
+
+.order-first {
+  -webkit-box-ordinal-group: 0;
+  -ms-flex-order: -1;
+  order: -1;
+}
+
+.order-last {
+  -webkit-box-ordinal-group: 14;
+  -ms-flex-order: 13;
+  order: 13;
+}
+
+.order-0 {
+  -webkit-box-ordinal-group: 1;
+  -ms-flex-order: 0;
+  order: 0;
+}
+
+.order-1 {
+  -webkit-box-ordinal-group: 2;
+  -ms-flex-order: 1;
+  order: 1;
+}
+
+.order-2 {
+  -webkit-box-ordinal-group: 3;
+  -ms-flex-order: 2;
+  order: 2;
+}
+
+.order-3 {
+  -webkit-box-ordinal-group: 4;
+  -ms-flex-order: 3;
+  order: 3;
+}
+
+.order-4 {
+  -webkit-box-ordinal-group: 5;
+  -ms-flex-order: 4;
+  order: 4;
+}
+
+.order-5 {
+  -webkit-box-ordinal-group: 6;
+  -ms-flex-order: 5;
+  order: 5;
+}
+
+.order-6 {
+  -webkit-box-ordinal-group: 7;
+  -ms-flex-order: 6;
+  order: 6;
+}
+
+.order-7 {
+  -webkit-box-ordinal-group: 8;
+  -ms-flex-order: 7;
+  order: 7;
+}
+
+.order-8 {
+  -webkit-box-ordinal-group: 9;
+  -ms-flex-order: 8;
+  order: 8;
+}
+
+.order-9 {
+  -webkit-box-ordinal-group: 10;
+  -ms-flex-order: 9;
+  order: 9;
+}
+
+.order-10 {
+  -webkit-box-ordinal-group: 11;
+  -ms-flex-order: 10;
+  order: 10;
+}
+
+.order-11 {
+  -webkit-box-ordinal-group: 12;
+  -ms-flex-order: 11;
+  order: 11;
+}
+
+.order-12 {
+  -webkit-box-ordinal-group: 13;
+  -ms-flex-order: 12;
+  order: 12;
+}
+
+.offset-1 {
+  margin-left: 8.333333%;
+}
+
+.offset-2 {
+  margin-left: 16.666667%;
+}
+
+.offset-3 {
+  margin-left: 25%;
+}
+
+.offset-4 {
+  margin-left: 33.333333%;
+}
+
+.offset-5 {
+  margin-left: 41.666667%;
+}
+
+.offset-6 {
+  margin-left: 50%;
+}
+
+.offset-7 {
+  margin-left: 58.333333%;
+}
+
+.offset-8 {
+  margin-left: 66.666667%;
+}
+
+.offset-9 {
+  margin-left: 75%;
+}
+
+.offset-10 {
+  margin-left: 83.333333%;
+}
+
+.offset-11 {
+  margin-left: 91.666667%;
+}
+
+@media (min-width: 576px) {
+  .col-sm {
+    -ms-flex-preferred-size: 0;
+    flex-basis: 0;
+    -webkit-box-flex: 1;
+    -ms-flex-positive: 1;
+    flex-grow: 1;
+    max-width: 100%;
+  }
+  .col-sm-auto {
+    -webkit-box-flex: 0;
+    -ms-flex: 0 0 auto;
+    flex: 0 0 auto;
+    width: auto;
+    max-width: none;
+  }
+  .col-sm-1 {
+    -webkit-box-flex: 0;
+    -ms-flex: 0 0 8.333333%;
+    flex: 0 0 8.333333%;
+    max-width: 8.333333%;
+  }
+  .col-sm-2 {
+    -webkit-box-flex: 0;
+    -ms-flex: 0 0 16.666667%;
+    flex: 0 0 16.666667%;
+    max-width: 16.666667%;
+  }
+  .col-sm-3 {
+    -webkit-box-flex: 0;
+    -ms-flex: 0 0 25%;
+    flex: 0 0 25%;
+    max-width: 25%;
+  }
+  .col-sm-4 {
+    -webkit-box-flex: 0;
+    -ms-flex: 0 0 33.333333%;
+    flex: 0 0 33.333333%;
+    max-width: 33.333333%;
+  }
+  .col-sm-5 {
+    -webkit-box-flex: 0;
+    -ms-flex: 0 0 41.666667%;
+    flex: 0 0 41.666667%;
+    max-width: 41.666667%;
+  }
+  .col-sm-6 {
+    -webkit-box-flex: 0;
+    -ms-flex: 0 0 50%;
+    flex: 0 0 50%;
+    max-width: 50%;
+  }
+  .col-sm-7 {
+    -webkit-box-flex: 0;
+    -ms-flex: 0 0 58.333333%;
+    flex: 0 0 58.333333%;
+    max-width: 58.333333%;
+  }
+  .col-sm-8 {
+    -webkit-box-flex: 0;
+    -ms-flex: 0 0 66.666667%;
+    flex: 0 0 66.666667%;
+    max-width: 66.666667%;
+  }
+  .col-sm-9 {
+    -webkit-box-flex: 0;
+    -ms-flex: 0 0 75%;
+    flex: 0 0 75%;
+    max-width: 75%;
+  }
+  .col-sm-10 {
+    -webkit-box-flex: 0;
+    -ms-flex: 0 0 83.333333%;
+    flex: 0 0 83.333333%;
+    max-width: 83.333333%;
+  }
+  .col-sm-11 {
+    -webkit-box-flex: 0;
+    -ms-flex: 0 0 91.666667%;
+    flex: 0 0 91.666667%;
+    max-width: 91.666667%;
+  }
+  .col-sm-12 {
+    -webkit-box-flex: 0;
+    -ms-flex: 0 0 100%;
+    flex: 0 0 100%;
+    max-width: 100%;
+  }
+  .order-sm-first {
+    -webkit-box-ordinal-group: 0;
+    -ms-flex-order: -1;
+    order: -1;
+  }
+  .order-sm-last {
+    -webkit-box-ordinal-group: 14;
+    -ms-flex-order: 13;
+    order: 13;
+  }
+  .order-sm-0 {
+    -webkit-box-ordinal-group: 1;
+    -ms-flex-order: 0;
+    order: 0;
+  }
+  .order-sm-1 {
+    -webkit-box-ordinal-group: 2;
+    -ms-flex-order: 1;
+    order: 1;
+  }
+  .order-sm-2 {
+    -webkit-box-ordinal-group: 3;
+    -ms-flex-order: 2;
+    order: 2;
+  }
+  .order-sm-3 {
+    -webkit-box-ordinal-group: 4;
+    -ms-flex-order: 3;
+    order: 3;
+  }
+  .order-sm-4 {
+    -webkit-box-ordinal-group: 5;
+    -ms-flex-order: 4;
+    order: 4;
+  }
+  .order-sm-5 {
+    -webkit-box-ordinal-group: 6;
+    -ms-flex-order: 5;
+    order: 5;
+  }
+  .order-sm-6 {
+    -webkit-box-ordinal-group: 7;
+    -ms-flex-order: 6;
+    order: 6;
+  }
+  .order-sm-7 {
+    -webkit-box-ordinal-group: 8;
+    -ms-flex-order: 7;
+    order: 7;
+  }
+  .order-sm-8 {
+    -webkit-box-ordinal-group: 9;
+    -ms-flex-order: 8;
+    order: 8;
+  }
+  .order-sm-9 {
+    -webkit-box-ordinal-group: 10;
+    -ms-flex-order: 9;
+    order: 9;
+  }
+  .order-sm-10 {
+    -webkit-box-ordinal-group: 11;
+    -ms-flex-order: 10;
+    order: 10;
+  }
+  .order-sm-11 {
+    -webkit-box-ordinal-group: 12;
+    -ms-flex-order: 11;
+    order: 11;
+  }
+  .order-sm-12 {
+    -webkit-box-ordinal-group: 13;
+    -ms-flex-order: 12;
+    order: 12;
+  }
+  .offset-sm-0 {
+    margin-left: 0;
+  }
+  .offset-sm-1 {
+    margin-left: 8.333333%;
+  }
+  .offset-sm-2 {
+    margin-left: 16.666667%;
+  }
+  .offset-sm-3 {
+    margin-left: 25%;
+  }
+  .offset-sm-4 {
+    margin-left: 33.333333%;
+  }
+  .offset-sm-5 {
+    margin-left: 41.666667%;
+  }
+  .offset-sm-6 {
+    margin-left: 50%;
+  }
+  .offset-sm-7 {
+    margin-left: 58.333333%;
+  }
+  .offset-sm-8 {
+    margin-left: 66.666667%;
+  }
+  .offset-sm-9 {
+    margin-left: 75%;
+  }
+  .offset-sm-10 {
+    margin-left: 83.333333%;
+  }
+  .offset-sm-11 {
+    margin-left: 91.666667%;
+  }
+}
+
+@media (min-width: 768px) {
+  .col-md {
+    -ms-flex-preferred-size: 0;
+    flex-basis: 0;
+    -webkit-box-flex: 1;
+    -ms-flex-positive: 1;
+    flex-grow: 1;
+    max-width: 100%;
+  }
+  .col-md-auto {
+    -webkit-box-flex: 0;
+    -ms-flex: 0 0 auto;
+    flex: 0 0 auto;
+    width: auto;
+    max-width: none;
+  }
+  .col-md-1 {
+    -webkit-box-flex: 0;
+    -ms-flex: 0 0 8.333333%;
+    flex: 0 0 8.333333%;
+    max-width: 8.333333%;
+  }
+  .col-md-2 {
+    -webkit-box-flex: 0;
+    -ms-flex: 0 0 16.666667%;
+    flex: 0 0 16.666667%;
+    max-width: 16.666667%;
+  }
+  .col-md-3 {
+    -webkit-box-flex: 0;
+    -ms-flex: 0 0 25%;
+    flex: 0 0 25%;
+    max-width: 25%;
+  }
+  .col-md-4 {
+    -webkit-box-flex: 0;
+    -ms-flex: 0 0 33.333333%;
+    flex: 0 0 33.333333%;
+    max-width: 33.333333%;
+  }
+  .col-md-5 {
+    -webkit-box-flex: 0;
+    -ms-flex: 0 0 41.666667%;
+    flex: 0 0 41.666667%;
+    max-width: 41.666667%;
+  }
+  .col-md-6 {
+    -webkit-box-flex: 0;
+    -ms-flex: 0 0 50%;
+    flex: 0 0 50%;
+    max-width: 50%;
+  }
+  .col-md-7 {
+    -webkit-box-flex: 0;
+    -ms-flex: 0 0 58.333333%;
+    flex: 0 0 58.333333%;
+    max-width: 58.333333%;
+  }
+  .col-md-8 {
+    -webkit-box-flex: 0;
+    -ms-flex: 0 0 66.666667%;
+    flex: 0 0 66.666667%;
+    max-width: 66.666667%;
+  }
+  .col-md-9 {
+    -webkit-box-flex: 0;
+    -ms-flex: 0 0 75%;
+    flex: 0 0 75%;
+    max-width: 75%;
+  }
+  .col-md-10 {
+    -webkit-box-flex: 0;
+    -ms-flex: 0 0 83.333333%;
+    flex: 0 0 83.333333%;
+    max-width: 83.333333%;
+  }
+  .col-md-11 {
+    -webkit-box-flex: 0;
+    -ms-flex: 0 0 91.666667%;
+    flex: 0 0 91.666667%;
+    max-width: 91.666667%;
+  }
+  .col-md-12 {
+    -webkit-box-flex: 0;
+    -ms-flex: 0 0 100%;
+    flex: 0 0 100%;
+    max-width: 100%;
+  }
+  .order-md-first {
+    -webkit-box-ordinal-group: 0;
+    -ms-flex-order: -1;
+    order: -1;
+  }
+  .order-md-last {
+    -webkit-box-ordinal-group: 14;
+    -ms-flex-order: 13;
+    order: 13;
+  }
+  .order-md-0 {
+    -webkit-box-ordinal-group: 1;
+    -ms-flex-order: 0;
+    order: 0;
+  }
+  .order-md-1 {
+    -webkit-box-ordinal-group: 2;
+    -ms-flex-order: 1;
+    order: 1;
+  }
+  .order-md-2 {
+    -webkit-box-ordinal-group: 3;
+    -ms-flex-order: 2;
+    order: 2;
+  }
+  .order-md-3 {
+    -webkit-box-ordinal-group: 4;
+    -ms-flex-order: 3;
+    order: 3;
+  }
+  .order-md-4 {
+    -webkit-box-ordinal-group: 5;
+    -ms-flex-order: 4;
+    order: 4;
+  }
+  .order-md-5 {
+    -webkit-box-ordinal-group: 6;
+    -ms-flex-order: 5;
+    order: 5;
+  }
+  .order-md-6 {
+    -webkit-box-ordinal-group: 7;
+    -ms-flex-order: 6;
+    order: 6;
+  }
+  .order-md-7 {
+    -webkit-box-ordinal-group: 8;
+    -ms-flex-order: 7;
+    order: 7;
+  }
+  .order-md-8 {
+    -webkit-box-ordinal-group: 9;
+    -ms-flex-order: 8;
+    order: 8;
+  }
+  .order-md-9 {
+    -webkit-box-ordinal-group: 10;
+    -ms-flex-order: 9;
+    order: 9;
+  }
+  .order-md-10 {
+    -webkit-box-ordinal-group: 11;
+    -ms-flex-order: 10;
+    order: 10;
+  }
+  .order-md-11 {
+    -webkit-box-ordinal-group: 12;
+    -ms-flex-order: 11;
+    order: 11;
+  }
+  .order-md-12 {
+    -webkit-box-ordinal-group: 13;
+    -ms-flex-order: 12;
+    order: 12;
+  }
+  .offset-md-0 {
+    margin-left: 0;
+  }
+  .offset-md-1 {
+    margin-left: 8.333333%;
+  }
+  .offset-md-2 {
+    margin-left: 16.666667%;
+  }
+  .offset-md-3 {
+    margin-left: 25%;
+  }
+  .offset-md-4 {
+    margin-left: 33.333333%;
+  }
+  .offset-md-5 {
+    margin-left: 41.666667%;
+  }
+  .offset-md-6 {
+    margin-left: 50%;
+  }
+  .offset-md-7 {
+    margin-left: 58.333333%;
+  }
+  .offset-md-8 {
+    margin-left: 66.666667%;
+  }
+  .offset-md-9 {
+    margin-left: 75%;
+  }
+  .offset-md-10 {
+    margin-left: 83.333333%;
+  }
+  .offset-md-11 {
+    margin-left: 91.666667%;
+  }
+}
+
+@media (min-width: 992px) {
+  .col-lg {
+    -ms-flex-preferred-size: 0;
+    flex-basis: 0;
+    -webkit-box-flex: 1;
+    -ms-flex-positive: 1;
+    flex-grow: 1;
+    max-width: 100%;
+  }
+  .col-lg-auto {
+    -webkit-box-flex: 0;
+    -ms-flex: 0 0 auto;
+    flex: 0 0 auto;
+    width: auto;
+    max-width: none;
+  }
+  .col-lg-1 {
+    -webkit-box-flex: 0;
+    -ms-flex: 0 0 8.333333%;
+    flex: 0 0 8.333333%;
+    max-width: 8.333333%;
+  }
+  .col-lg-2 {
+    -webkit-box-flex: 0;
+    -ms-flex: 0 0 16.666667%;
+    flex: 0 0 16.666667%;
+    max-width: 16.666667%;
+  }
+  .col-lg-3 {
+    -webkit-box-flex: 0;
+    -ms-flex: 0 0 25%;
+    flex: 0 0 25%;
+    max-width: 25%;
+  }
+  .col-lg-4 {
+    -webkit-box-flex: 0;
+    -ms-flex: 0 0 33.333333%;
+    flex: 0 0 33.333333%;
+    max-width: 33.333333%;
+  }
+  .col-lg-5 {
+    -webkit-box-flex: 0;
+    -ms-flex: 0 0 41.666667%;
+    flex: 0 0 41.666667%;
+    max-width: 41.666667%;
+  }
+  .col-lg-6 {
+    -webkit-box-flex: 0;
+    -ms-flex: 0 0 50%;
+    flex: 0 0 50%;
+    max-width: 50%;
+  }
+  .col-lg-7 {
+    -webkit-box-flex: 0;
+    -ms-flex: 0 0 58.333333%;
+    flex: 0 0 58.333333%;
+    max-width: 58.333333%;
+  }
+  .col-lg-8 {
+    -webkit-box-flex: 0;
+    -ms-flex: 0 0 66.666667%;
+    flex: 0 0 66.666667%;
+    max-width: 66.666667%;
+  }
+  .col-lg-9 {
+    -webkit-box-flex: 0;
+    -ms-flex: 0 0 75%;
+    flex: 0 0 75%;
+    max-width: 75%;
+  }
+  .col-lg-10 {
+    -webkit-box-flex: 0;
+    -ms-flex: 0 0 83.333333%;
+    flex: 0 0 83.333333%;
+    max-width: 83.333333%;
+  }
+  .col-lg-11 {
+    -webkit-box-flex: 0;
+    -ms-flex: 0 0 91.666667%;
+    flex: 0 0 91.666667%;
+    max-width: 91.666667%;
+  }
+  .col-lg-12 {
+    -webkit-box-flex: 0;
+    -ms-flex: 0 0 100%;
+    flex: 0 0 100%;
+    max-width: 100%;
+  }
+  .order-lg-first {
+    -webkit-box-ordinal-group: 0;
+    -ms-flex-order: -1;
+    order: -1;
+  }
+  .order-lg-last {
+    -webkit-box-ordinal-group: 14;
+    -ms-flex-order: 13;
+    order: 13;
+  }
+  .order-lg-0 {
+    -webkit-box-ordinal-group: 1;
+    -ms-flex-order: 0;
+    order: 0;
+  }
+  .order-lg-1 {
+    -webkit-box-ordinal-group: 2;
+    -ms-flex-order: 1;
+    order: 1;
+  }
+  .order-lg-2 {
+    -webkit-box-ordinal-group: 3;
+    -ms-flex-order: 2;
+    order: 2;
+  }
+  .order-lg-3 {
+    -webkit-box-ordinal-group: 4;
+    -ms-flex-order: 3;
+    order: 3;
+  }
+  .order-lg-4 {
+    -webkit-box-ordinal-group: 5;
+    -ms-flex-order: 4;
+    order: 4;
+  }
+  .order-lg-5 {
+    -webkit-box-ordinal-group: 6;
+    -ms-flex-order: 5;
+    order: 5;
+  }
+  .order-lg-6 {
+    -webkit-box-ordinal-group: 7;
+    -ms-flex-order: 6;
+    order: 6;
+  }
+  .order-lg-7 {
+    -webkit-box-ordinal-group: 8;
+    -ms-flex-order: 7;
+    order: 7;
+  }
+  .order-lg-8 {
+    -webkit-box-ordinal-group: 9;
+    -ms-flex-order: 8;
+    order: 8;
+  }
+  .order-lg-9 {
+    -webkit-box-ordinal-group: 10;
+    -ms-flex-order: 9;
+    order: 9;
+  }
+  .order-lg-10 {
+    -webkit-box-ordinal-group: 11;
+    -ms-flex-order: 10;
+    order: 10;
+  }
+  .order-lg-11 {
+    -webkit-box-ordinal-group: 12;
+    -ms-flex-order: 11;
+    order: 11;
+  }
+  .order-lg-12 {
+    -webkit-box-ordinal-group: 13;
+    -ms-flex-order: 12;
+    order: 12;
+  }
+  .offset-lg-0 {
+    margin-left: 0;
+  }
+  .offset-lg-1 {
+    margin-left: 8.333333%;
+  }
+  .offset-lg-2 {
+    margin-left: 16.666667%;
+  }
+  .offset-lg-3 {
+    margin-left: 25%;
+  }
+  .offset-lg-4 {
+    margin-left: 33.333333%;
+  }
+  .offset-lg-5 {
+    margin-left: 41.666667%;
+  }
+  .offset-lg-6 {
+    margin-left: 50%;
+  }
+  .offset-lg-7 {
+    margin-left: 58.333333%;
+  }
+  .offset-lg-8 {
+    margin-left: 66.666667%;
+  }
+  .offset-lg-9 {
+    margin-left: 75%;
+  }
+  .offset-lg-10 {
+    margin-left: 83.333333%;
+  }
+  .offset-lg-11 {
+    margin-left: 91.666667%;
+  }
+}
+
+@media (min-width: 1200px) {
+  .col-xl {
+    -ms-flex-preferred-size: 0;
+    flex-basis: 0;
+    -webkit-box-flex: 1;
+    -ms-flex-positive: 1;
+    flex-grow: 1;
+    max-width: 100%;
+  }
+  .col-xl-auto {
+    -webkit-box-flex: 0;
+    -ms-flex: 0 0 auto;
+    flex: 0 0 auto;
+    width: auto;
+    max-width: none;
+  }
+  .col-xl-1 {
+    -webkit-box-flex: 0;
+    -ms-flex: 0 0 8.333333%;
+    flex: 0 0 8.333333%;
+    max-width: 8.333333%;
+  }
+  .col-xl-2 {
+    -webkit-box-flex: 0;
+    -ms-flex: 0 0 16.666667%;
+    flex: 0 0 16.666667%;
+    max-width: 16.666667%;
+  }
+  .col-xl-3 {
+    -webkit-box-flex: 0;
+    -ms-flex: 0 0 25%;
+    flex: 0 0 25%;
+    max-width: 25%;
+  }
+  .col-xl-4 {
+    -webkit-box-flex: 0;
+    -ms-flex: 0 0 33.333333%;
+    flex: 0 0 33.333333%;
+    max-width: 33.333333%;
+  }
+  .col-xl-5 {
+    -webkit-box-flex: 0;
+    -ms-flex: 0 0 41.666667%;
+    flex: 0 0 41.666667%;
+    max-width: 41.666667%;
+  }
+  .col-xl-6 {
+    -webkit-box-flex: 0;
+    -ms-flex: 0 0 50%;
+    flex: 0 0 50%;
+    max-width: 50%;
+  }
+  .col-xl-7 {
+    -webkit-box-flex: 0;
+    -ms-flex: 0 0 58.333333%;
+    flex: 0 0 58.333333%;
+    max-width: 58.333333%;
+  }
+  .col-xl-8 {
+    -webkit-box-flex: 0;
+    -ms-flex: 0 0 66.666667%;
+    flex: 0 0 66.666667%;
+    max-width: 66.666667%;
+  }
+  .col-xl-9 {
+    -webkit-box-flex: 0;
+    -ms-flex: 0 0 75%;
+    flex: 0 0 75%;
+    max-width: 75%;
+  }
+  .col-xl-10 {
+    -webkit-box-flex: 0;
+    -ms-flex: 0 0 83.333333%;
+    flex: 0 0 83.333333%;
+    max-width: 83.333333%;
+  }
+  .col-xl-11 {
+    -webkit-box-flex: 0;
+    -ms-flex: 0 0 91.666667%;
+    flex: 0 0 91.666667%;
+    max-width: 91.666667%;
+  }
+  .col-xl-12 {
+    -webkit-box-flex: 0;
+    -ms-flex: 0 0 100%;
+    flex: 0 0 100%;
+    max-width: 100%;
+  }
+  .order-xl-first {
+    -webkit-box-ordinal-group: 0;
+    -ms-flex-order: -1;
+    order: -1;
+  }
+  .order-xl-last {
+    -webkit-box-ordinal-group: 14;
+    -ms-flex-order: 13;
+    order: 13;
+  }
+  .order-xl-0 {
+    -webkit-box-ordinal-group: 1;
+    -ms-flex-order: 0;
+    order: 0;
+  }
+  .order-xl-1 {
+    -webkit-box-ordinal-group: 2;
+    -ms-flex-order: 1;
+    order: 1;
+  }
+  .order-xl-2 {
+    -webkit-box-ordinal-group: 3;
+    -ms-flex-order: 2;
+    order: 2;
+  }
+  .order-xl-3 {
+    -webkit-box-ordinal-group: 4;
+    -ms-flex-order: 3;
+    order: 3;
+  }
+  .order-xl-4 {
+    -webkit-box-ordinal-group: 5;
+    -ms-flex-order: 4;
+    order: 4;
+  }
+  .order-xl-5 {
+    -webkit-box-ordinal-group: 6;
+    -ms-flex-order: 5;
+    order: 5;
+  }
+  .order-xl-6 {
+    -webkit-box-ordinal-group: 7;
+    -ms-flex-order: 6;
+    order: 6;
+  }
+  .order-xl-7 {
+    -webkit-box-ordinal-group: 8;
+    -ms-flex-order: 7;
+    order: 7;
+  }
+  .order-xl-8 {
+    -webkit-box-ordinal-group: 9;
+    -ms-flex-order: 8;
+    order: 8;
+  }
+  .order-xl-9 {
+    -webkit-box-ordinal-group: 10;
+    -ms-flex-order: 9;
+    order: 9;
+  }
+  .order-xl-10 {
+    -webkit-box-ordinal-group: 11;
+    -ms-flex-order: 10;
+    order: 10;
+  }
+  .order-xl-11 {
+    -webkit-box-ordinal-group: 12;
+    -ms-flex-order: 11;
+    order: 11;
+  }
+  .order-xl-12 {
+    -webkit-box-ordinal-group: 13;
+    -ms-flex-order: 12;
+    order: 12;
+  }
+  .offset-xl-0 {
+    margin-left: 0;
+  }
+  .offset-xl-1 {
+    margin-left: 8.333333%;
+  }
+  .offset-xl-2 {
+    margin-left: 16.666667%;
+  }
+  .offset-xl-3 {
+    margin-left: 25%;
+  }
+  .offset-xl-4 {
+    margin-left: 33.333333%;
+  }
+  .offset-xl-5 {
+    margin-left: 41.666667%;
+  }
+  .offset-xl-6 {
+    margin-left: 50%;
+  }
+  .offset-xl-7 {
+    margin-left: 58.333333%;
+  }
+  .offset-xl-8 {
+    margin-left: 66.666667%;
+  }
+  .offset-xl-9 {
+    margin-left: 75%;
+  }
+  .offset-xl-10 {
+    margin-left: 83.333333%;
+  }
+  .offset-xl-11 {
+    margin-left: 91.666667%;
+  }
+}
+
+.d-none {
+  display: none !important;
+}
+
+.d-inline {
+  display: inline !important;
+}
+
+.d-inline-block {
+  display: inline-block !important;
+}
+
+.d-block {
+  display: block !important;
+}
+
+.d-table {
+  display: table !important;
+}
+
+.d-table-row {
+  display: table-row !important;
+}
+
+.d-table-cell {
+  display: table-cell !important;
+}
+
+.d-flex {
+  display: -webkit-box !important;
+  display: -ms-flexbox !important;
+  display: flex !important;
+}
+
+.d-inline-flex {
+  display: -webkit-inline-box !important;
+  display: -ms-inline-flexbox !important;
+  display: inline-flex !important;
+}
+
+@media (min-width: 576px) {
+  .d-sm-none {
+    display: none !important;
+  }
+  .d-sm-inline {
+    display: inline !important;
+  }
+  .d-sm-inline-block {
+    display: inline-block !important;
+  }
+  .d-sm-block {
+    display: block !important;
+  }
+  .d-sm-table {
+    display: table !important;
+  }
+  .d-sm-table-row {
+    display: table-row !important;
+  }
+  .d-sm-table-cell {
+    display: table-cell !important;
+  }
+  .d-sm-flex {
+    display: -webkit-box !important;
+    display: -ms-flexbox !important;
+    display: flex !important;
+  }
+  .d-sm-inline-flex {
+    display: -webkit-inline-box !important;
+    display: -ms-inline-flexbox !important;
+    display: inline-flex !important;
+  }
+}
+
+@media (min-width: 768px) {
+  .d-md-none {
+    display: none !important;
+  }
+  .d-md-inline {
+    display: inline !important;
+  }
+  .d-md-inline-block {
+    display: inline-block !important;
+  }
+  .d-md-block {
+    display: block !important;
+  }
+  .d-md-table {
+    display: table !important;
+  }
+  .d-md-table-row {
+    display: table-row !important;
+  }
+  .d-md-table-cell {
+    display: table-cell !important;
+  }
+  .d-md-flex {
+    display: -webkit-box !important;
+    display: -ms-flexbox !important;
+    display: flex !important;
+  }
+  .d-md-inline-flex {
+    display: -webkit-inline-box !important;
+    display: -ms-inline-flexbox !important;
+    display: inline-flex !important;
+  }
+}
+
+@media (min-width: 992px) {
+  .d-lg-none {
+    display: none !important;
+  }
+  .d-lg-inline {
+    display: inline !important;
+  }
+  .d-lg-inline-block {
+    display: inline-block !important;
+  }
+  .d-lg-block {
+    display: block !important;
+  }
+  .d-lg-table {
+    display: table !important;
+  }
+  .d-lg-table-row {
+    display: table-row !important;
+  }
+  .d-lg-table-cell {
+    display: table-cell !important;
+  }
+  .d-lg-flex {
+    display: -webkit-box !important;
+    display: -ms-flexbox !important;
+    display: flex !important;
+  }
+  .d-lg-inline-flex {
+    display: -webkit-inline-box !important;
+    display: -ms-inline-flexbox !important;
+    display: inline-flex !important;
+  }
+}
+
+@media (min-width: 1200px) {
+  .d-xl-none {
+    display: none !important;
+  }
+  .d-xl-inline {
+    display: inline !important;
+  }
+  .d-xl-inline-block {
+    display: inline-block !important;
+  }
+  .d-xl-block {
+    display: block !important;
+  }
+  .d-xl-table {
+    display: table !important;
+  }
+  .d-xl-table-row {
+    display: table-row !important;
+  }
+  .d-xl-table-cell {
+    display: table-cell !important;
+  }
+  .d-xl-flex {
+    display: -webkit-box !important;
+    display: -ms-flexbox !important;
+    display: flex !important;
+  }
+  .d-xl-inline-flex {
+    display: -webkit-inline-box !important;
+    display: -ms-inline-flexbox !important;
+    display: inline-flex !important;
+  }
+}
+
+@media print {
+  .d-print-none {
+    display: none !important;
+  }
+  .d-print-inline {
+    display: inline !important;
+  }
+  .d-print-inline-block {
+    display: inline-block !important;
+  }
+  .d-print-block {
+    display: block !important;
+  }
+  .d-print-table {
+    display: table !important;
+  }
+  .d-print-table-row {
+    display: table-row !important;
+  }
+  .d-print-table-cell {
+    display: table-cell !important;
+  }
+  .d-print-flex {
+    display: -webkit-box !important;
+    display: -ms-flexbox !important;
+    display: flex !important;
+  }
+  .d-print-inline-flex {
+    display: -webkit-inline-box !important;
+    display: -ms-inline-flexbox !important;
+    display: inline-flex !important;
+  }
+}
+
+.flex-row {
+  -webkit-box-orient: horizontal !important;
+  -webkit-box-direction: normal !important;
+  -ms-flex-direction: row !important;
+  flex-direction: row !important;
+}
+
+.flex-column {
+  -webkit-box-orient: vertical !important;
+  -webkit-box-direction: normal !important;
+  -ms-flex-direction: column !important;
+  flex-direction: column !important;
+}
+
+.flex-row-reverse {
+  -webkit-box-orient: horizontal !important;
+  -webkit-box-direction: reverse !important;
+  -ms-flex-direction: row-reverse !important;
+  flex-direction: row-reverse !important;
+}
+
+.flex-column-reverse {
+  -webkit-box-orient: vertical !important;
+  -webkit-box-direction: reverse !important;
+  -ms-flex-direction: column-reverse !important;
+  flex-direction: column-reverse !important;
+}
+
+.flex-wrap {
+  -ms-flex-wrap: wrap !important;
+  flex-wrap: wrap !important;
+}
+
+.flex-nowrap {
+  -ms-flex-wrap: nowrap !important;
+  flex-wrap: nowrap !important;
+}
+
+.flex-wrap-reverse {
+  -ms-flex-wrap: wrap-reverse !important;
+  flex-wrap: wrap-reverse !important;
+}
+
+.justify-content-start {
+  -webkit-box-pack: start !important;
+  -ms-flex-pack: start !important;
+  justify-content: flex-start !important;
+}
+
+.justify-content-end {
+  -webkit-box-pack: end !important;
+  -ms-flex-pack: end !important;
+  justify-content: flex-end !important;
+}
+
+.justify-content-center {
+  -webkit-box-pack: center !important;
+  -ms-flex-pack: center !important;
+  justify-content: center !important;
+}
+
+.justify-content-between {
+  -webkit-box-pack: justify !important;
+  -ms-flex-pack: justify !important;
+  justify-content: space-between !important;
+}
+
+.justify-content-around {
+  -ms-flex-pack: distribute !important;
+  justify-content: space-around !important;
+}
+
+.align-items-start {
+  -webkit-box-align: start !important;
+  -ms-flex-align: start !important;
+  align-items: flex-start !important;
+}
+
+.align-items-end {
+  -webkit-box-align: end !important;
+  -ms-flex-align: end !important;
+  align-items: flex-end !important;
+}
+
+.align-items-center {
+  -webkit-box-align: center !important;
+  -ms-flex-align: center !important;
+  align-items: center !important;
+}
+
+.align-items-baseline {
+  -webkit-box-align: baseline !important;
+  -ms-flex-align: baseline !important;
+  align-items: baseline !important;
+}
+
+.align-items-stretch {
+  -webkit-box-align: stretch !important;
+  -ms-flex-align: stretch !important;
+  align-items: stretch !important;
+}
+
+.align-content-start {
+  -ms-flex-line-pack: start !important;
+  align-content: flex-start !important;
+}
+
+.align-content-end {
+  -ms-flex-line-pack: end !important;
+  align-content: flex-end !important;
+}
+
+.align-content-center {
+  -ms-flex-line-pack: center !important;
+  align-content: center !important;
+}
+
+.align-content-between {
+  -ms-flex-line-pack: justify !important;
+  align-content: space-between !important;
+}
+
+.align-content-around {
+  -ms-flex-line-pack: distribute !important;
+  align-content: space-around !important;
+}
+
+.align-content-stretch {
+  -ms-flex-line-pack: stretch !important;
+  align-content: stretch !important;
+}
+
+.align-self-auto {
+  -ms-flex-item-align: auto !important;
+  align-self: auto !important;
+}
+
+.align-self-start {
+  -ms-flex-item-align: start !important;
+  align-self: flex-start !important;
+}
+
+.align-self-end {
+  -ms-flex-item-align: end !important;
+  align-self: flex-end !important;
+}
+
+.align-self-center {
+  -ms-flex-item-align: center !important;
+  align-self: center !important;
+}
+
+.align-self-baseline {
+  -ms-flex-item-align: baseline !important;
+  align-self: baseline !important;
+}
+
+.align-self-stretch {
+  -ms-flex-item-align: stretch !important;
+  align-self: stretch !important;
+}
+
+@media (min-width: 576px) {
+  .flex-sm-row {
+    -webkit-box-orient: horizontal !important;
+    -webkit-box-direction: normal !important;
+    -ms-flex-direction: row !important;
+    flex-direction: row !important;
+  }
+  .flex-sm-column {
+    -webkit-box-orient: vertical !important;
+    -webkit-box-direction: normal !important;
+    -ms-flex-direction: column !important;
+    flex-direction: column !important;
+  }
+  .flex-sm-row-reverse {
+    -webkit-box-orient: horizontal !important;
+    -webkit-box-direction: reverse !important;
+    -ms-flex-direction: row-reverse !important;
+    flex-direction: row-reverse !important;
+  }
+  .flex-sm-column-reverse {
+    -webkit-box-orient: vertical !important;
+    -webkit-box-direction: reverse !important;
+    -ms-flex-direction: column-reverse !important;
+    flex-direction: column-reverse !important;
+  }
+  .flex-sm-wrap {
+    -ms-flex-wrap: wrap !important;
+    flex-wrap: wrap !important;
+  }
+  .flex-sm-nowrap {
+    -ms-flex-wrap: nowrap !important;
+    flex-wrap: nowrap !important;
+  }
+  .flex-sm-wrap-reverse {
+    -ms-flex-wrap: wrap-reverse !important;
+    flex-wrap: wrap-reverse !important;
+  }
+  .justify-content-sm-start {
+    -webkit-box-pack: start !important;
+    -ms-flex-pack: start !important;
+    justify-content: flex-start !important;
+  }
+  .justify-content-sm-end {
+    -webkit-box-pack: end !important;
+    -ms-flex-pack: end !important;
+    justify-content: flex-end !important;
+  }
+  .justify-content-sm-center {
+    -webkit-box-pack: center !important;
+    -ms-flex-pack: center !important;
+    justify-content: center !important;
+  }
+  .justify-content-sm-between {
+    -webkit-box-pack: justify !important;
+    -ms-flex-pack: justify !important;
+    justify-content: space-between !important;
+  }
+  .justify-content-sm-around {
+    -ms-flex-pack: distribute !important;
+    justify-content: space-around !important;
+  }
+  .align-items-sm-start {
+    -webkit-box-align: start !important;
+    -ms-flex-align: start !important;
+    align-items: flex-start !important;
+  }
+  .align-items-sm-end {
+    -webkit-box-align: end !important;
+    -ms-flex-align: end !important;
+    align-items: flex-end !important;
+  }
+  .align-items-sm-center {
+    -webkit-box-align: center !important;
+    -ms-flex-align: center !important;
+    align-items: center !important;
+  }
+  .align-items-sm-baseline {
+    -webkit-box-align: baseline !important;
+    -ms-flex-align: baseline !important;
+    align-items: baseline !important;
+  }
+  .align-items-sm-stretch {
+    -webkit-box-align: stretch !important;
+    -ms-flex-align: stretch !important;
+    align-items: stretch !important;
+  }
+  .align-content-sm-start {
+    -ms-flex-line-pack: start !important;
+    align-content: flex-start !important;
+  }
+  .align-content-sm-end {
+    -ms-flex-line-pack: end !important;
+    align-content: flex-end !important;
+  }
+  .align-content-sm-center {
+    -ms-flex-line-pack: center !important;
+    align-content: center !important;
+  }
+  .align-content-sm-between {
+    -ms-flex-line-pack: justify !important;
+    align-content: space-between !important;
+  }
+  .align-content-sm-around {
+    -ms-flex-line-pack: distribute !important;
+    align-content: space-around !important;
+  }
+  .align-content-sm-stretch {
+    -ms-flex-line-pack: stretch !important;
+    align-content: stretch !important;
+  }
+  .align-self-sm-auto {
+    -ms-flex-item-align: auto !important;
+    align-self: auto !important;
+  }
+  .align-self-sm-start {
+    -ms-flex-item-align: start !important;
+    align-self: flex-start !important;
+  }
+  .align-self-sm-end {
+    -ms-flex-item-align: end !important;
+    align-self: flex-end !important;
+  }
+  .align-self-sm-center {
+    -ms-flex-item-align: center !important;
+    align-self: center !important;
+  }
+  .align-self-sm-baseline {
+    -ms-flex-item-align: baseline !important;
+    align-self: baseline !important;
+  }
+  .align-self-sm-stretch {
+    -ms-flex-item-align: stretch !important;
+    align-self: stretch !important;
+  }
+}
+
+@media (min-width: 768px) {
+  .flex-md-row {
+    -webkit-box-orient: horizontal !important;
+    -webkit-box-direction: normal !important;
+    -ms-flex-direction: row !important;
+    flex-direction: row !important;
+  }
+  .flex-md-column {
+    -webkit-box-orient: vertical !important;
+    -webkit-box-direction: normal !important;
+    -ms-flex-direction: column !important;
+    flex-direction: column !important;
+  }
+  .flex-md-row-reverse {
+    -webkit-box-orient: horizontal !important;
+    -webkit-box-direction: reverse !important;
+    -ms-flex-direction: row-reverse !important;
+    flex-direction: row-reverse !important;
+  }
+  .flex-md-column-reverse {
+    -webkit-box-orient: vertical !important;
+    -webkit-box-direction: reverse !important;
+    -ms-flex-direction: column-reverse !important;
+    flex-direction: column-reverse !important;
+  }
+  .flex-md-wrap {
+    -ms-flex-wrap: wrap !important;
+    flex-wrap: wrap !important;
+  }
+  .flex-md-nowrap {
+    -ms-flex-wrap: nowrap !important;
+    flex-wrap: nowrap !important;
+  }
+  .flex-md-wrap-reverse {
+    -ms-flex-wrap: wrap-reverse !important;
+    flex-wrap: wrap-reverse !important;
+  }
+  .justify-content-md-start {
+    -webkit-box-pack: start !important;
+    -ms-flex-pack: start !important;
+    justify-content: flex-start !important;
+  }
+  .justify-content-md-end {
+    -webkit-box-pack: end !important;
+    -ms-flex-pack: end !important;
+    justify-content: flex-end !important;
+  }
+  .justify-content-md-center {
+    -webkit-box-pack: center !important;
+    -ms-flex-pack: center !important;
+    justify-content: center !important;
+  }
+  .justify-content-md-between {
+    -webkit-box-pack: justify !important;
+    -ms-flex-pack: justify !important;
+    justify-content: space-between !important;
+  }
+  .justify-content-md-around {
+    -ms-flex-pack: distribute !important;
+    justify-content: space-around !important;
+  }
+  .align-items-md-start {
+    -webkit-box-align: start !important;
+    -ms-flex-align: start !important;
+    align-items: flex-start !important;
+  }
+  .align-items-md-end {
+    -webkit-box-align: end !important;
+    -ms-flex-align: end !important;
+    align-items: flex-end !important;
+  }
+  .align-items-md-center {
+    -webkit-box-align: center !important;
+    -ms-flex-align: center !important;
+    align-items: center !important;
+  }
+  .align-items-md-baseline {
+    -webkit-box-align: baseline !important;
+    -ms-flex-align: baseline !important;
+    align-items: baseline !important;
+  }
+  .align-items-md-stretch {
+    -webkit-box-align: stretch !important;
+    -ms-flex-align: stretch !important;
+    align-items: stretch !important;
+  }
+  .align-content-md-start {
+    -ms-flex-line-pack: start !important;
+    align-content: flex-start !important;
+  }
+  .align-content-md-end {
+    -ms-flex-line-pack: end !important;
+    align-content: flex-end !important;
+  }
+  .align-content-md-center {
+    -ms-flex-line-pack: center !important;
+    align-content: center !important;
+  }
+  .align-content-md-between {
+    -ms-flex-line-pack: justify !important;
+    align-content: space-between !important;
+  }
+  .align-content-md-around {
+    -ms-flex-line-pack: distribute !important;
+    align-content: space-around !important;
+  }
+  .align-content-md-stretch {
+    -ms-flex-line-pack: stretch !important;
+    align-content: stretch !important;
+  }
+  .align-self-md-auto {
+    -ms-flex-item-align: auto !important;
+    align-self: auto !important;
+  }
+  .align-self-md-start {
+    -ms-flex-item-align: start !important;
+    align-self: flex-start !important;
+  }
+  .align-self-md-end {
+    -ms-flex-item-align: end !important;
+    align-self: flex-end !important;
+  }
+  .align-self-md-center {
+    -ms-flex-item-align: center !important;
+    align-self: center !important;
+  }
+  .align-self-md-baseline {
+    -ms-flex-item-align: baseline !important;
+    align-self: baseline !important;
+  }
+  .align-self-md-stretch {
+    -ms-flex-item-align: stretch !important;
+    align-self: stretch !important;
+  }
+}
+
+@media (min-width: 992px) {
+  .flex-lg-row {
+    -webkit-box-orient: horizontal !important;
+    -webkit-box-direction: normal !important;
+    -ms-flex-direction: row !important;
+    flex-direction: row !important;
+  }
+  .flex-lg-column {
+    -webkit-box-orient: vertical !important;
+    -webkit-box-direction: normal !important;
+    -ms-flex-direction: column !important;
+    flex-direction: column !important;
+  }
+  .flex-lg-row-reverse {
+    -webkit-box-orient: horizontal !important;
+    -webkit-box-direction: reverse !important;
+    -ms-flex-direction: row-reverse !important;
+    flex-direction: row-reverse !important;
+  }
+  .flex-lg-column-reverse {
+    -webkit-box-orient: vertical !important;
+    -webkit-box-direction: reverse !important;
+    -ms-flex-direction: column-reverse !important;
+    flex-direction: column-reverse !important;
+  }
+  .flex-lg-wrap {
+    -ms-flex-wrap: wrap !important;
+    flex-wrap: wrap !important;
+  }
+  .flex-lg-nowrap {
+    -ms-flex-wrap: nowrap !important;
+    flex-wrap: nowrap !important;
+  }
+  .flex-lg-wrap-reverse {
+    -ms-flex-wrap: wrap-reverse !important;
+    flex-wrap: wrap-reverse !important;
+  }
+  .justify-content-lg-start {
+    -webkit-box-pack: start !important;
+    -ms-flex-pack: start !important;
+    justify-content: flex-start !important;
+  }
+  .justify-content-lg-end {
+    -webkit-box-pack: end !important;
+    -ms-flex-pack: end !important;
+    justify-content: flex-end !important;
+  }
+  .justify-content-lg-center {
+    -webkit-box-pack: center !important;
+    -ms-flex-pack: center !important;
+    justify-content: center !important;
+  }
+  .justify-content-lg-between {
+    -webkit-box-pack: justify !important;
+    -ms-flex-pack: justify !important;
+    justify-content: space-between !important;
+  }
+  .justify-content-lg-around {
+    -ms-flex-pack: distribute !important;
+    justify-content: space-around !important;
+  }
+  .align-items-lg-start {
+    -webkit-box-align: start !important;
+    -ms-flex-align: start !important;
+    align-items: flex-start !important;
+  }
+  .align-items-lg-end {
+    -webkit-box-align: end !important;
+    -ms-flex-align: end !important;
+    align-items: flex-end !important;
+  }
+  .align-items-lg-center {
+    -webkit-box-align: center !important;
+    -ms-flex-align: center !important;
+    align-items: center !important;
+  }
+  .align-items-lg-baseline {
+    -webkit-box-align: baseline !important;
+    -ms-flex-align: baseline !important;
+    align-items: baseline !important;
+  }
+  .align-items-lg-stretch {
+    -webkit-box-align: stretch !important;
+    -ms-flex-align: stretch !important;
+    align-items: stretch !important;
+  }
+  .align-content-lg-start {
+    -ms-flex-line-pack: start !important;
+    align-content: flex-start !important;
+  }
+  .align-content-lg-end {
+    -ms-flex-line-pack: end !important;
+    align-content: flex-end !important;
+  }
+  .align-content-lg-center {
+    -ms-flex-line-pack: center !important;
+    align-content: center !important;
+  }
+  .align-content-lg-between {
+    -ms-flex-line-pack: justify !important;
+    align-content: space-between !important;
+  }
+  .align-content-lg-around {
+    -ms-flex-line-pack: distribute !important;
+    align-content: space-around !important;
+  }
+  .align-content-lg-stretch {
+    -ms-flex-line-pack: stretch !important;
+    align-content: stretch !important;
+  }
+  .align-self-lg-auto {
+    -ms-flex-item-align: auto !important;
+    align-self: auto !important;
+  }
+  .align-self-lg-start {
+    -ms-flex-item-align: start !important;
+    align-self: flex-start !important;
+  }
+  .align-self-lg-end {
+    -ms-flex-item-align: end !important;
+    align-self: flex-end !important;
+  }
+  .align-self-lg-center {
+    -ms-flex-item-align: center !important;
+    align-self: center !important;
+  }
+  .align-self-lg-baseline {
+    -ms-flex-item-align: baseline !important;
+    align-self: baseline !important;
+  }
+  .align-self-lg-stretch {
+    -ms-flex-item-align: stretch !important;
+    align-self: stretch !important;
+  }
+}
+
+@media (min-width: 1200px) {
+  .flex-xl-row {
+    -webkit-box-orient: horizontal !important;
+    -webkit-box-direction: normal !important;
+    -ms-flex-direction: row !important;
+    flex-direction: row !important;
+  }
+  .flex-xl-column {
+    -webkit-box-orient: vertical !important;
+    -webkit-box-direction: normal !important;
+    -ms-flex-direction: column !important;
+    flex-direction: column !important;
+  }
+  .flex-xl-row-reverse {
+    -webkit-box-orient: horizontal !important;
+    -webkit-box-direction: reverse !important;
+    -ms-flex-direction: row-reverse !important;
+    flex-direction: row-reverse !important;
+  }
+  .flex-xl-column-reverse {
+    -webkit-box-orient: vertical !important;
+    -webkit-box-direction: reverse !important;
+    -ms-flex-direction: column-reverse !important;
+    flex-direction: column-reverse !important;
+  }
+  .flex-xl-wrap {
+    -ms-flex-wrap: wrap !important;
+    flex-wrap: wrap !important;
+  }
+  .flex-xl-nowrap {
+    -ms-flex-wrap: nowrap !important;
+    flex-wrap: nowrap !important;
+  }
+  .flex-xl-wrap-reverse {
+    -ms-flex-wrap: wrap-reverse !important;
+    flex-wrap: wrap-reverse !important;
+  }
+  .justify-content-xl-start {
+    -webkit-box-pack: start !important;
+    -ms-flex-pack: start !important;
+    justify-content: flex-start !important;
+  }
+  .justify-content-xl-end {
+    -webkit-box-pack: end !important;
+    -ms-flex-pack: end !important;
+    justify-content: flex-end !important;
+  }
+  .justify-content-xl-center {
+    -webkit-box-pack: center !important;
+    -ms-flex-pack: center !important;
+    justify-content: center !important;
+  }
+  .justify-content-xl-between {
+    -webkit-box-pack: justify !important;
+    -ms-flex-pack: justify !important;
+    justify-content: space-between !important;
+  }
+  .justify-content-xl-around {
+    -ms-flex-pack: distribute !important;
+    justify-content: space-around !important;
+  }
+  .align-items-xl-start {
+    -webkit-box-align: start !important;
+    -ms-flex-align: start !important;
+    align-items: flex-start !important;
+  }
+  .align-items-xl-end {
+    -webkit-box-align: end !important;
+    -ms-flex-align: end !important;
+    align-items: flex-end !important;
+  }
+  .align-items-xl-center {
+    -webkit-box-align: center !important;
+    -ms-flex-align: center !important;
+    align-items: center !important;
+  }
+  .align-items-xl-baseline {
+    -webkit-box-align: baseline !important;
+    -ms-flex-align: baseline !important;
+    align-items: baseline !important;
+  }
+  .align-items-xl-stretch {
+    -webkit-box-align: stretch !important;
+    -ms-flex-align: stretch !important;
+    align-items: stretch !important;
+  }
+  .align-content-xl-start {
+    -ms-flex-line-pack: start !important;
+    align-content: flex-start !important;
+  }
+  .align-content-xl-end {
+    -ms-flex-line-pack: end !important;
+    align-content: flex-end !important;
+  }
+  .align-content-xl-center {
+    -ms-flex-line-pack: center !important;
+    align-content: center !important;
+  }
+  .align-content-xl-between {
+    -ms-flex-line-pack: justify !important;
+    align-content: space-between !important;
+  }
+  .align-content-xl-around {
+    -ms-flex-line-pack: distribute !important;
+    align-content: space-around !important;
+  }
+  .align-content-xl-stretch {
+    -ms-flex-line-pack: stretch !important;
+    align-content: stretch !important;
+  }
+  .align-self-xl-auto {
+    -ms-flex-item-align: auto !important;
+    align-self: auto !important;
+  }
+  .align-self-xl-start {
+    -ms-flex-item-align: start !important;
+    align-self: flex-start !important;
+  }
+  .align-self-xl-end {
+    -ms-flex-item-align: end !important;
+    align-self: flex-end !important;
+  }
+  .align-self-xl-center {
+    -ms-flex-item-align: center !important;
+    align-self: center !important;
+  }
+  .align-self-xl-baseline {
+    -ms-flex-item-align: baseline !important;
+    align-self: baseline !important;
+  }
+  .align-self-xl-stretch {
+    -ms-flex-item-align: stretch !important;
+    align-self: stretch !important;
+  }
+}
+/*# sourceMappingURL=bootstrap-grid.css.map */
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/chall/src/css/bootstrap-grid.min.css b/chall/src/css/bootstrap-grid.min.css
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..ea073e9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/chall/src/css/bootstrap-grid.min.css
@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+/*!
+ * Bootstrap Grid v4.0.0 (https://getbootstrap.com)
+ * Copyright 2011-2018 The Bootstrap Authors
+ * Copyright 2011-2018 Twitter, Inc.
+ * Licensed under MIT (https://github.com/twbs/bootstrap/blob/master/LICENSE)
+ */@-ms-viewport{width:device-width}html{box-sizing:border-box;-ms-overflow-style:scrollbar}*,::after,::before{box-sizing:inherit}.container{width:100%;padding-right:15px;padding-left:15px;margin-right:auto;margin-left:auto}@media (min-width:576px){.container{max-width:540px}}@media (min-width:768px){.container{max-width:720px}}@media (min-width:992px){.container{max-width:960px}}@media 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(min-width:768px){.flex-md-row{-webkit-box-orient:horizontal!important;-webkit-box-direction:normal!important;-ms-flex-direction:row!important;flex-direction:row!important}.flex-md-column{-webkit-box-orient:vertical!important;-webkit-box-direction:normal!important;-ms-flex-direction:column!important;flex-direction:column!important}.flex-md-row-reverse{-webkit-box-orient:horizontal!important;-webkit-box-direction:reverse!important;-ms-flex-direction:row-reverse!important;flex-direction:row-reverse!important}.flex-md-column-reverse{-webkit-box-orient:vertical!important;-webkit-box-direction:reverse!important;-ms-flex-direction:column-reverse!important;flex-direction:column-reverse!important}.flex-md-wrap{-ms-flex-wrap:wrap!important;flex-wrap:wrap!important}.flex-md-nowrap{-ms-flex-wrap:nowrap!important;flex-wrap:nowrap!important}.flex-md-wrap-reverse{-ms-flex-wrap:wrap-reverse!important;flex-wrap:wrap-reverse!important}.justify-content-md-start{-webkit-box-pack:start!important;-ms-flex-pack:start!important;justify-content:flex-start!important}.justify-content-md-end{-webkit-box-pack:end!important;-ms-flex-pack:end!important;justify-content:flex-end!important}.justify-content-md-center{-webkit-box-pack:center!important;-ms-flex-pack:center!important;justify-content:center!important}.justify-content-md-between{-webkit-box-pack:justify!important;-ms-flex-pack:justify!important;justify-content:space-between!important}.justify-content-md-around{-ms-flex-pack:distribute!important;justify-content:space-around!important}.align-items-md-start{-webkit-box-align:start!important;-ms-flex-align:start!important;align-items:flex-start!important}.align-items-md-end{-webkit-box-align:end!important;-ms-flex-align:end!important;align-items:flex-end!important}.align-items-md-center{-webkit-box-align:center!important;-ms-flex-align:center!important;align-items:center!important}.align-items-md-baseline{-webkit-box-align:baseline!important;-ms-flex-align:baseline!important;align-items:baseline!important}.align-items-md-stretch{-webkit-box-align:stretch!important;-ms-flex-align:stretch!important;align-items:stretch!important}.align-content-md-start{-ms-flex-line-pack:start!important;align-content:flex-start!important}.align-content-md-end{-ms-flex-line-pack:end!important;align-content:flex-end!important}.align-content-md-center{-ms-flex-line-pack:center!important;align-content:center!important}.align-content-md-between{-ms-flex-line-pack:justify!important;align-content:space-between!important}.align-content-md-around{-ms-flex-line-pack:distribute!important;align-content:space-around!important}.align-content-md-stretch{-ms-flex-line-pack:stretch!important;align-content:stretch!important}.align-self-md-auto{-ms-flex-item-align:auto!important;align-self:auto!important}.align-self-md-start{-ms-flex-item-align:start!important;align-self:flex-start!important}.align-self-md-end{-ms-flex-item-align:end!important;align-self:flex-end!important}.align-self-md-center{-ms-flex-item-align:center!important;align-self:center!important}.align-self-md-baseline{-ms-flex-item-align:baseline!important;align-self:baseline!important}.align-self-md-stretch{-ms-flex-item-align:stretch!important;align-self:stretch!important}}@media (min-width:992px){.flex-lg-row{-webkit-box-orient:horizontal!important;-webkit-box-direction:normal!important;-ms-flex-direction:row!important;flex-direction:row!important}.flex-lg-column{-webkit-box-orient:vertical!important;-webkit-box-direction:normal!important;-ms-flex-direction:column!important;flex-direction:column!important}.flex-lg-row-reverse{-webkit-box-orient:horizontal!important;-webkit-box-direction:reverse!important;-ms-flex-direction:row-reverse!important;flex-direction:row-reverse!important}.flex-lg-column-reverse{-webkit-box-orient:vertical!important;-webkit-box-direction:reverse!important;-ms-flex-direction:column-reverse!important;flex-direction:column-reverse!important}.flex-lg-wrap{-ms-flex-wrap:wrap!important;flex-wrap:wrap!important}.flex-lg-nowrap{-ms-flex-wrap:nowrap!important;flex-wrap:nowrap!important}.flex-lg-wrap-reverse{-ms-flex-wrap:wrap-reverse!important;flex-wrap:wrap-reverse!important}.justify-content-lg-start{-webkit-box-pack:start!important;-ms-flex-pack:start!important;justify-content:flex-start!important}.justify-content-lg-end{-webkit-box-pack:end!important;-ms-flex-pack:end!important;justify-content:flex-end!important}.justify-content-lg-center{-webkit-box-pack:center!important;-ms-flex-pack:center!important;justify-content:center!important}.justify-content-lg-between{-webkit-box-pack:justify!important;-ms-flex-pack:justify!important;justify-content:space-between!important}.justify-content-lg-around{-ms-flex-pack:distribute!important;justify-content:space-around!important}.align-items-lg-start{-webkit-box-align:start!important;-ms-flex-align:start!important;align-items:flex-start!important}.align-items-lg-end{-webkit-box-align:end!important;-ms-flex-align:end!important;align-items:flex-end!important}.align-items-lg-center{-webkit-box-align:center!important;-ms-flex-align:center!important;align-items:center!important}.align-items-lg-baseline{-webkit-box-align:baseline!important;-ms-flex-align:baseline!important;align-items:baseline!important}.align-items-lg-stretch{-webkit-box-align:stretch!important;-ms-flex-align:stretch!important;align-items:stretch!important}.align-content-lg-start{-ms-flex-line-pack:start!important;align-content:flex-start!important}.align-content-lg-end{-ms-flex-line-pack:end!important;align-content:flex-end!important}.align-content-lg-center{-ms-flex-line-pack:center!important;align-content:center!important}.align-content-lg-between{-ms-flex-line-pack:justify!important;align-content:space-between!important}.align-content-lg-around{-ms-flex-line-pack:distribute!important;align-content:space-around!important}.align-content-lg-stretch{-ms-flex-line-pack:stretch!important;align-content:stretch!important}.align-self-lg-auto{-ms-flex-item-align:auto!important;align-self:auto!important}.align-self-lg-start{-ms-flex-item-align:start!important;align-self:flex-start!important}.align-self-lg-end{-ms-flex-item-align:end!important;align-self:flex-end!important}.align-self-lg-center{-ms-flex-item-align:center!important;align-self:center!important}.align-self-lg-baseline{-ms-flex-item-align:baseline!important;align-self:baseline!important}.align-self-lg-stretch{-ms-flex-item-align:stretch!important;align-self:stretch!important}}@media (min-width:1200px){.flex-xl-row{-webkit-box-orient:horizontal!important;-webkit-box-direction:normal!important;-ms-flex-direction:row!important;flex-direction:row!important}.flex-xl-column{-webkit-box-orient:vertical!important;-webkit-box-direction:normal!important;-ms-flex-direction:column!important;flex-direction:column!important}.flex-xl-row-reverse{-webkit-box-orient:horizontal!important;-webkit-box-direction:reverse!important;-ms-flex-direction:row-reverse!important;flex-direction:row-reverse!important}.flex-xl-column-reverse{-webkit-box-orient:vertical!important;-webkit-box-direction:reverse!important;-ms-flex-direction:column-reverse!important;flex-direction:column-reverse!important}.flex-xl-wrap{-ms-flex-wrap:wrap!important;flex-wrap:wrap!important}.flex-xl-nowrap{-ms-flex-wrap:nowrap!important;flex-wrap:nowrap!important}.flex-xl-wrap-reverse{-ms-flex-wrap:wrap-reverse!important;flex-wrap:wrap-reverse!important}.justify-content-xl-start{-webkit-box-pack:start!important;-ms-flex-pack:start!important;justify-content:flex-start!important}.justify-content-xl-end{-webkit-box-pack:end!important;-ms-flex-pack:end!important;justify-content:flex-end!important}.justify-content-xl-center{-webkit-box-pack:center!important;-ms-flex-pack:center!important;justify-content:center!important}.justify-content-xl-between{-webkit-box-pack:justify!important;-ms-flex-pack:justify!important;justify-content:space-between!important}.justify-content-xl-around{-ms-flex-pack:distribute!important;justify-content:space-around!important}.align-items-xl-start{-webkit-box-align:start!important;-ms-flex-align:start!important;align-items:flex-start!important}.align-items-xl-end{-webkit-box-align:end!important;-ms-flex-align:end!important;align-items:flex-end!important}.align-items-xl-center{-webkit-box-align:center!important;-ms-flex-align:center!important;align-items:center!important}.align-items-xl-baseline{-webkit-box-align:baseline!important;-ms-flex-align:baseline!important;align-items:baseline!important}.align-items-xl-stretch{-webkit-box-align:stretch!important;-ms-flex-align:stretch!important;align-items:stretch!important}.align-content-xl-start{-ms-flex-line-pack:start!important;align-content:flex-start!important}.align-content-xl-end{-ms-flex-line-pack:end!important;align-content:flex-end!important}.align-content-xl-center{-ms-flex-line-pack:center!important;align-content:center!important}.align-content-xl-between{-ms-flex-line-pack:justify!important;align-content:space-between!important}.align-content-xl-around{-ms-flex-line-pack:distribute!important;align-content:space-around!important}.align-content-xl-stretch{-ms-flex-line-pack:stretch!important;align-content:stretch!important}.align-self-xl-auto{-ms-flex-item-align:auto!important;align-self:auto!important}.align-self-xl-start{-ms-flex-item-align:start!important;align-self:flex-start!important}.align-self-xl-end{-ms-flex-item-align:end!important;align-self:flex-end!important}.align-self-xl-center{-ms-flex-item-align:center!important;align-self:center!important}.align-self-xl-baseline{-ms-flex-item-align:baseline!important;align-self:baseline!important}.align-self-xl-stretch{-ms-flex-item-align:stretch!important;align-self:stretch!important}}
+/*# sourceMappingURL=bootstrap-grid.min.css.map */
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/chall/src/css/bootstrap-reboot.css b/chall/src/css/bootstrap-reboot.css
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..5a75a62
--- /dev/null
+++ b/chall/src/css/bootstrap-reboot.css
@@ -0,0 +1,330 @@
+/*!
+ * Bootstrap Reboot v4.0.0 (https://getbootstrap.com)
+ * Copyright 2011-2018 The Bootstrap Authors
+ * Copyright 2011-2018 Twitter, Inc.
+ * Licensed under MIT (https://github.com/twbs/bootstrap/blob/master/LICENSE)
+ * Forked from Normalize.css, licensed MIT (https://github.com/necolas/normalize.css/blob/master/LICENSE.md)
+ */
+*,
+*::before,
+*::after {
+  box-sizing: border-box;
+}
+
+html {
+  font-family: sans-serif;
+  line-height: 1.15;
+  -webkit-text-size-adjust: 100%;
+  -ms-text-size-adjust: 100%;
+  -ms-overflow-style: scrollbar;
+  -webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent;
+}
+
+@-ms-viewport {
+  width: device-width;
+}
+
+article, aside, dialog, figcaption, figure, footer, header, hgroup, main, nav, section {
+  display: block;
+}
+
+body {
+  margin: 0;
+  font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Segoe UI", Roboto, "Helvetica Neue", Arial, sans-serif, "Apple Color Emoji", "Segoe UI Emoji", "Segoe UI Symbol";
+  font-size: 1rem;
+  font-weight: 400;
+  line-height: 1.5;
+  color: #212529;
+  text-align: left;
+  background-color: #fff;
+}
+
+[tabindex="-1"]:focus {
+  outline: 0 !important;
+}
+
+hr {
+  box-sizing: content-box;
+  height: 0;
+  overflow: visible;
+}
+
+h1, h2, h3, h4, h5, h6 {
+  margin-top: 0;
+  margin-bottom: 0.5rem;
+}
+
+p {
+  margin-top: 0;
+  margin-bottom: 1rem;
+}
+
+abbr[title],
+abbr[data-original-title] {
+  text-decoration: underline;
+  -webkit-text-decoration: underline dotted;
+  text-decoration: underline dotted;
+  cursor: help;
+  border-bottom: 0;
+}
+
+address {
+  margin-bottom: 1rem;
+  font-style: normal;
+  line-height: inherit;
+}
+
+ol,
+ul,
+dl {
+  margin-top: 0;
+  margin-bottom: 1rem;
+}
+
+ol ol,
+ul ul,
+ol ul,
+ul ol {
+  margin-bottom: 0;
+}
+
+dt {
+  font-weight: 700;
+}
+
+dd {
+  margin-bottom: .5rem;
+  margin-left: 0;
+}
+
+blockquote {
+  margin: 0 0 1rem;
+}
+
+dfn {
+  font-style: italic;
+}
+
+b,
+strong {
+  font-weight: bolder;
+}
+
+small {
+  font-size: 80%;
+}
+
+sub,
+sup {
+  position: relative;
+  font-size: 75%;
+  line-height: 0;
+  vertical-align: baseline;
+}
+
+sub {
+  bottom: -.25em;
+}
+
+sup {
+  top: -.5em;
+}
+
+a {
+  color: #007bff;
+  text-decoration: none;
+  background-color: transparent;
+  -webkit-text-decoration-skip: objects;
+}
+
+a:hover {
+  color: #0056b3;
+  text-decoration: underline;
+}
+
+a:not([href]):not([tabindex]) {
+  color: inherit;
+  text-decoration: none;
+}
+
+a:not([href]):not([tabindex]):hover, a:not([href]):not([tabindex]):focus {
+  color: inherit;
+  text-decoration: none;
+}
+
+a:not([href]):not([tabindex]):focus {
+  outline: 0;
+}
+
+pre,
+code,
+kbd,
+samp {
+  font-family: monospace, monospace;
+  font-size: 1em;
+}
+
+pre {
+  margin-top: 0;
+  margin-bottom: 1rem;
+  overflow: auto;
+  -ms-overflow-style: scrollbar;
+}
+
+figure {
+  margin: 0 0 1rem;
+}
+
+img {
+  vertical-align: middle;
+  border-style: none;
+}
+
+svg:not(:root) {
+  overflow: hidden;
+}
+
+table {
+  border-collapse: collapse;
+}
+
+caption {
+  padding-top: 0.75rem;
+  padding-bottom: 0.75rem;
+  color: #6c757d;
+  text-align: left;
+  caption-side: bottom;
+}
+
+th {
+  text-align: inherit;
+}
+
+label {
+  display: inline-block;
+  margin-bottom: .5rem;
+}
+
+button {
+  border-radius: 0;
+}
+
+button:focus {
+  outline: 1px dotted;
+  outline: 5px auto -webkit-focus-ring-color;
+}
+
+input,
+button,
+select,
+optgroup,
+textarea {
+  margin: 0;
+  font-family: inherit;
+  font-size: inherit;
+  line-height: inherit;
+}
+
+button,
+input {
+  overflow: visible;
+}
+
+button,
+select {
+  text-transform: none;
+}
+
+button,
+html [type="button"],
+[type="reset"],
+[type="submit"] {
+  -webkit-appearance: button;
+}
+
+button::-moz-focus-inner,
+[type="button"]::-moz-focus-inner,
+[type="reset"]::-moz-focus-inner,
+[type="submit"]::-moz-focus-inner {
+  padding: 0;
+  border-style: none;
+}
+
+input[type="radio"],
+input[type="checkbox"] {
+  box-sizing: border-box;
+  padding: 0;
+}
+
+input[type="date"],
+input[type="time"],
+input[type="datetime-local"],
+input[type="month"] {
+  -webkit-appearance: listbox;
+}
+
+textarea {
+  overflow: auto;
+  resize: vertical;
+}
+
+fieldset {
+  min-width: 0;
+  padding: 0;
+  margin: 0;
+  border: 0;
+}
+
+legend {
+  display: block;
+  width: 100%;
+  max-width: 100%;
+  padding: 0;
+  margin-bottom: .5rem;
+  font-size: 1.5rem;
+  line-height: inherit;
+  color: inherit;
+  white-space: normal;
+}
+
+progress {
+  vertical-align: baseline;
+}
+
+[type="number"]::-webkit-inner-spin-button,
+[type="number"]::-webkit-outer-spin-button {
+  height: auto;
+}
+
+[type="search"] {
+  outline-offset: -2px;
+  -webkit-appearance: none;
+}
+
+[type="search"]::-webkit-search-cancel-button,
+[type="search"]::-webkit-search-decoration {
+  -webkit-appearance: none;
+}
+
+::-webkit-file-upload-button {
+  font: inherit;
+  -webkit-appearance: button;
+}
+
+output {
+  display: inline-block;
+}
+
+summary {
+  display: list-item;
+  cursor: pointer;
+}
+
+template {
+  display: none;
+}
+
+[hidden] {
+  display: none !important;
+}
+/*# sourceMappingURL=bootstrap-reboot.css.map */
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/chall/src/css/bootstrap-reboot.min.css b/chall/src/css/bootstrap-reboot.min.css
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..ced0468
--- /dev/null
+++ b/chall/src/css/bootstrap-reboot.min.css
@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+/*!
+ * Bootstrap Reboot v4.0.0 (https://getbootstrap.com)
+ * Copyright 2011-2018 The Bootstrap Authors
+ * Copyright 2011-2018 Twitter, Inc.
+ * Licensed under MIT (https://github.com/twbs/bootstrap/blob/master/LICENSE)
+ * Forked from Normalize.css, licensed MIT (https://github.com/necolas/normalize.css/blob/master/LICENSE.md)
+ */*,::after,::before{box-sizing:border-box}html{font-family:sans-serif;line-height:1.15;-webkit-text-size-adjust:100%;-ms-text-size-adjust:100%;-ms-overflow-style:scrollbar;-webkit-tap-highlight-color:transparent}@-ms-viewport{width:device-width}article,aside,dialog,figcaption,figure,footer,header,hgroup,main,nav,section{display:block}body{margin:0;font-family:-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,"Segoe UI",Roboto,"Helvetica Neue",Arial,sans-serif,"Apple Color Emoji","Segoe UI Emoji","Segoe UI Symbol";font-size:1rem;font-weight:400;line-height:1.5;color:#212529;text-align:left;background-color:#fff}[tabindex="-1"]:focus{outline:0!important}hr{box-sizing:content-box;height:0;overflow:visible}h1,h2,h3,h4,h5,h6{margin-top:0;margin-bottom:.5rem}p{margin-top:0;margin-bottom:1rem}abbr[data-original-title],abbr[title]{text-decoration:underline;-webkit-text-decoration:underline dotted;text-decoration:underline dotted;cursor:help;border-bottom:0}address{margin-bottom:1rem;font-style:normal;line-height:inherit}dl,ol,ul{margin-top:0;margin-bottom:1rem}ol ol,ol ul,ul ol,ul ul{margin-bottom:0}dt{font-weight:700}dd{margin-bottom:.5rem;margin-left:0}blockquote{margin:0 0 1rem}dfn{font-style:italic}b,strong{font-weight:bolder}small{font-size:80%}sub,sup{position:relative;font-size:75%;line-height:0;vertical-align:baseline}sub{bottom:-.25em}sup{top:-.5em}a{color:#007bff;text-decoration:none;background-color:transparent;-webkit-text-decoration-skip:objects}a:hover{color:#0056b3;text-decoration:underline}a:not([href]):not([tabindex]){color:inherit;text-decoration:none}a:not([href]):not([tabindex]):focus,a:not([href]):not([tabindex]):hover{color:inherit;text-decoration:none}a:not([href]):not([tabindex]):focus{outline:0}code,kbd,pre,samp{font-family:monospace,monospace;font-size:1em}pre{margin-top:0;margin-bottom:1rem;overflow:auto;-ms-overflow-style:scrollbar}figure{margin:0 0 1rem}img{vertical-align:middle;border-style:none}svg:not(:root){overflow:hidden}table{border-collapse:collapse}caption{padding-top:.75rem;padding-bottom:.75rem;color:#6c757d;text-align:left;caption-side:bottom}th{text-align:inherit}label{display:inline-block;margin-bottom:.5rem}button{border-radius:0}button:focus{outline:1px dotted;outline:5px auto -webkit-focus-ring-color}button,input,optgroup,select,textarea{margin:0;font-family:inherit;font-size:inherit;line-height:inherit}button,input{overflow:visible}button,select{text-transform:none}[type=reset],[type=submit],button,html [type=button]{-webkit-appearance:button}[type=button]::-moz-focus-inner,[type=reset]::-moz-focus-inner,[type=submit]::-moz-focus-inner,button::-moz-focus-inner{padding:0;border-style:none}input[type=checkbox],input[type=radio]{box-sizing:border-box;padding:0}input[type=date],input[type=datetime-local],input[type=month],input[type=time]{-webkit-appearance:listbox}textarea{overflow:auto;resize:vertical}fieldset{min-width:0;padding:0;margin:0;border:0}legend{display:block;width:100%;max-width:100%;padding:0;margin-bottom:.5rem;font-size:1.5rem;line-height:inherit;color:inherit;white-space:normal}progress{vertical-align:baseline}[type=number]::-webkit-inner-spin-button,[type=number]::-webkit-outer-spin-button{height:auto}[type=search]{outline-offset:-2px;-webkit-appearance:none}[type=search]::-webkit-search-cancel-button,[type=search]::-webkit-search-decoration{-webkit-appearance:none}::-webkit-file-upload-button{font:inherit;-webkit-appearance:button}output{display:inline-block}summary{display:list-item;cursor:pointer}template{display:none}[hidden]{display:none!important}
+/*# sourceMappingURL=bootstrap-reboot.min.css.map */
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/chall/src/css/bootstrap.css b/chall/src/css/bootstrap.css
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..aa49713
--- /dev/null
+++ b/chall/src/css/bootstrap.css
@@ -0,0 +1,8975 @@
+/*!
+ * Bootstrap v4.0.0 (https://getbootstrap.com)
+ * Copyright 2011-2018 The Bootstrap Authors
+ * Copyright 2011-2018 Twitter, Inc.
+ * Licensed under MIT (https://github.com/twbs/bootstrap/blob/master/LICENSE)
+ */
+:root {
+  --blue: #007bff;
+  --indigo: #6610f2;
+  --purple: #6f42c1;
+  --pink: #e83e8c;
+  --red: #dc3545;
+  --orange: #fd7e14;
+  --yellow: #ffc107;
+  --green: #28a745;
+  --teal: #20c997;
+  --cyan: #17a2b8;
+  --white: #fff;
+  --gray: #6c757d;
+  --gray-dark: #343a40;
+  --primary: #007bff;
+  --secondary: #6c757d;
+  --success: #28a745;
+  --info: #17a2b8;
+  --warning: #ffc107;
+  --danger: #dc3545;
+  --light: #f8f9fa;
+  --dark: #343a40;
+  --breakpoint-xs: 0;
+  --breakpoint-sm: 576px;
+  --breakpoint-md: 768px;
+  --breakpoint-lg: 992px;
+  --breakpoint-xl: 1200px;
+  --font-family-sans-serif: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Segoe UI", Roboto, "Helvetica Neue", Arial, sans-serif, "Apple Color Emoji", "Segoe UI Emoji", "Segoe UI Symbol";
+  --font-family-monospace: SFMono-Regular, Menlo, Monaco, Consolas, "Liberation Mono", "Courier New", monospace;
+}
+
+*,
+*::before,
+*::after {
+  box-sizing: border-box;
+}
+
+html {
+  font-family: sans-serif;
+  line-height: 1.15;
+  -webkit-text-size-adjust: 100%;
+  -ms-text-size-adjust: 100%;
+  -ms-overflow-style: scrollbar;
+  -webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent;
+}
+
+@-ms-viewport {
+  width: device-width;
+}
+
+article, aside, dialog, figcaption, figure, footer, header, hgroup, main, nav, section {
+  display: block;
+}
+
+body {
+  margin: 0;
+  font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Segoe UI", Roboto, "Helvetica Neue", Arial, sans-serif, "Apple Color Emoji", "Segoe UI Emoji", "Segoe UI Symbol";
+  font-size: 1rem;
+  font-weight: 400;
+  line-height: 1.5;
+  color: #212529;
+  text-align: left;
+  background-color: #fff;
+}
+
+[tabindex="-1"]:focus {
+  outline: 0 !important;
+}
+
+hr {
+  box-sizing: content-box;
+  height: 0;
+  overflow: visible;
+}
+
+h1, h2, h3, h4, h5, h6 {
+  margin-top: 0;
+  margin-bottom: 0.5rem;
+}
+
+p {
+  margin-top: 0;
+  margin-bottom: 1rem;
+}
+
+abbr[title],
+abbr[data-original-title] {
+  text-decoration: underline;
+  -webkit-text-decoration: underline dotted;
+  text-decoration: underline dotted;
+  cursor: help;
+  border-bottom: 0;
+}
+
+address {
+  margin-bottom: 1rem;
+  font-style: normal;
+  line-height: inherit;
+}
+
+ol,
+ul,
+dl {
+  margin-top: 0;
+  margin-bottom: 1rem;
+}
+
+ol ol,
+ul ul,
+ol ul,
+ul ol {
+  margin-bottom: 0;
+}
+
+dt {
+  font-weight: 700;
+}
+
+dd {
+  margin-bottom: .5rem;
+  margin-left: 0;
+}
+
+blockquote {
+  margin: 0 0 1rem;
+}
+
+dfn {
+  font-style: italic;
+}
+
+b,
+strong {
+  font-weight: bolder;
+}
+
+small {
+  font-size: 80%;
+}
+
+sub,
+sup {
+  position: relative;
+  font-size: 75%;
+  line-height: 0;
+  vertical-align: baseline;
+}
+
+sub {
+  bottom: -.25em;
+}
+
+sup {
+  top: -.5em;
+}
+
+a {
+  color: #007bff;
+  text-decoration: none;
+  background-color: transparent;
+  -webkit-text-decoration-skip: objects;
+}
+
+a:hover {
+  color: #0056b3;
+  text-decoration: underline;
+}
+
+a:not([href]):not([tabindex]) {
+  color: inherit;
+  text-decoration: none;
+}
+
+a:not([href]):not([tabindex]):hover, a:not([href]):not([tabindex]):focus {
+  color: inherit;
+  text-decoration: none;
+}
+
+a:not([href]):not([tabindex]):focus {
+  outline: 0;
+}
+
+pre,
+code,
+kbd,
+samp {
+  font-family: monospace, monospace;
+  font-size: 1em;
+}
+
+pre {
+  margin-top: 0;
+  margin-bottom: 1rem;
+  overflow: auto;
+  -ms-overflow-style: scrollbar;
+}
+
+figure {
+  margin: 0 0 1rem;
+}
+
+img {
+  vertical-align: middle;
+  border-style: none;
+}
+
+svg:not(:root) {
+  overflow: hidden;
+}
+
+table {
+  border-collapse: collapse;
+}
+
+caption {
+  padding-top: 0.75rem;
+  padding-bottom: 0.75rem;
+  color: #6c757d;
+  text-align: left;
+  caption-side: bottom;
+}
+
+th {
+  text-align: inherit;
+}
+
+label {
+  display: inline-block;
+  margin-bottom: .5rem;
+}
+
+button {
+  border-radius: 0;
+}
+
+button:focus {
+  outline: 1px dotted;
+  outline: 5px auto -webkit-focus-ring-color;
+}
+
+input,
+button,
+select,
+optgroup,
+textarea {
+  margin: 0;
+  font-family: inherit;
+  font-size: inherit;
+  line-height: inherit;
+}
+
+button,
+input {
+  overflow: visible;
+}
+
+button,
+select {
+  text-transform: none;
+}
+
+button,
+html [type="button"],
+[type="reset"],
+[type="submit"] {
+  -webkit-appearance: button;
+}
+
+button::-moz-focus-inner,
+[type="button"]::-moz-focus-inner,
+[type="reset"]::-moz-focus-inner,
+[type="submit"]::-moz-focus-inner {
+  padding: 0;
+  border-style: none;
+}
+
+input[type="radio"],
+input[type="checkbox"] {
+  box-sizing: border-box;
+  padding: 0;
+}
+
+input[type="date"],
+input[type="time"],
+input[type="datetime-local"],
+input[type="month"] {
+  -webkit-appearance: listbox;
+}
+
+textarea {
+  overflow: auto;
+  resize: vertical;
+}
+
+fieldset {
+  min-width: 0;
+  padding: 0;
+  margin: 0;
+  border: 0;
+}
+
+legend {
+  display: block;
+  width: 100%;
+  max-width: 100%;
+  padding: 0;
+  margin-bottom: .5rem;
+  font-size: 1.5rem;
+  line-height: inherit;
+  color: inherit;
+  white-space: normal;
+}
+
+progress {
+  vertical-align: baseline;
+}
+
+[type="number"]::-webkit-inner-spin-button,
+[type="number"]::-webkit-outer-spin-button {
+  height: auto;
+}
+
+[type="search"] {
+  outline-offset: -2px;
+  -webkit-appearance: none;
+}
+
+[type="search"]::-webkit-search-cancel-button,
+[type="search"]::-webkit-search-decoration {
+  -webkit-appearance: none;
+}
+
+::-webkit-file-upload-button {
+  font: inherit;
+  -webkit-appearance: button;
+}
+
+output {
+  display: inline-block;
+}
+
+summary {
+  display: list-item;
+  cursor: pointer;
+}
+
+template {
+  display: none;
+}
+
+[hidden] {
+  display: none !important;
+}
+
+h1, h2, h3, h4, h5, h6,
+.h1, .h2, .h3, .h4, .h5, .h6 {
+  margin-bottom: 0.5rem;
+  font-family: inherit;
+  font-weight: 500;
+  line-height: 1.2;
+  color: inherit;
+}
+
+h1, .h1 {
+  font-size: 2.5rem;
+}
+
+h2, .h2 {
+  font-size: 2rem;
+}
+
+h3, .h3 {
+  font-size: 1.75rem;
+}
+
+h4, .h4 {
+  font-size: 1.5rem;
+}
+
+h5, .h5 {
+  font-size: 1.25rem;
+}
+
+h6, .h6 {
+  font-size: 1rem;
+}
+
+.lead {
+  font-size: 1.25rem;
+  font-weight: 300;
+}
+
+.display-1 {
+  font-size: 6rem;
+  font-weight: 300;
+  line-height: 1.2;
+}
+
+.display-2 {
+  font-size: 5.5rem;
+  font-weight: 300;
+  line-height: 1.2;
+}
+
+.display-3 {
+  font-size: 4.5rem;
+  font-weight: 300;
+  line-height: 1.2;
+}
+
+.display-4 {
+  font-size: 3.5rem;
+  font-weight: 300;
+  line-height: 1.2;
+}
+
+hr {
+  margin-top: 1rem;
+  margin-bottom: 1rem;
+  border: 0;
+  border-top: 1px solid rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.1);
+}
+
+small,
+.small {
+  font-size: 80%;
+  font-weight: 400;
+}
+
+mark,
+.mark {
+  padding: 0.2em;
+  background-color: #fcf8e3;
+}
+
+.list-unstyled {
+  padding-left: 0;
+  list-style: none;
+}
+
+.list-inline {
+  padding-left: 0;
+  list-style: none;
+}
+
+.list-inline-item {
+  display: inline-block;
+}
+
+.list-inline-item:not(:last-child) {
+  margin-right: 0.5rem;
+}
+
+.initialism {
+  font-size: 90%;
+  text-transform: uppercase;
+}
+
+.blockquote {
+  margin-bottom: 1rem;
+  font-size: 1.25rem;
+}
+
+.blockquote-footer {
+  display: block;
+  font-size: 80%;
+  color: #6c757d;
+}
+
+.blockquote-footer::before {
+  content: "\2014 \00A0";
+}
+
+.img-fluid {
+  max-width: 100%;
+  height: auto;
+}
+
+.img-thumbnail {
+  padding: 0.25rem;
+  background-color: #fff;
+  border: 1px solid #dee2e6;
+  border-radius: 0.25rem;
+  max-width: 100%;
+  height: auto;
+}
+
+.figure {
+  display: inline-block;
+}
+
+.figure-img {
+  margin-bottom: 0.5rem;
+  line-height: 1;
+}
+
+.figure-caption {
+  font-size: 90%;
+  color: #6c757d;
+}
+
+code,
+kbd,
+pre,
+samp {
+  font-family: SFMono-Regular, Menlo, Monaco, Consolas, "Liberation Mono", "Courier New", monospace;
+}
+
+code {
+  font-size: 87.5%;
+  color: #e83e8c;
+  word-break: break-word;
+}
+
+a > code {
+  color: inherit;
+}
+
+kbd {
+  padding: 0.2rem 0.4rem;
+  font-size: 87.5%;
+  color: #fff;
+  background-color: #212529;
+  border-radius: 0.2rem;
+}
+
+kbd kbd {
+  padding: 0;
+  font-size: 100%;
+  font-weight: 700;
+}
+
+pre {
+  display: block;
+  font-size: 87.5%;
+  color: #212529;
+}
+
+pre code {
+  font-size: inherit;
+  color: inherit;
+  word-break: normal;
+}
+
+.pre-scrollable {
+  max-height: 340px;
+  overflow-y: scroll;
+}
+
+.container {
+  width: 100%;
+  padding-right: 15px;
+  padding-left: 15px;
+  margin-right: auto;
+  margin-left: auto;
+}
+
+@media (min-width: 576px) {
+  .container {
+    max-width: 540px;
+  }
+}
+
+@media (min-width: 768px) {
+  .container {
+    max-width: 720px;
+  }
+}
+
+@media (min-width: 992px) {
+  .container {
+    max-width: 960px;
+  }
+}
+
+@media (min-width: 1200px) {
+  .container {
+    max-width: 1140px;
+  }
+}
+
+.container-fluid {
+  width: 100%;
+  padding-right: 15px;
+  padding-left: 15px;
+  margin-right: auto;
+  margin-left: auto;
+}
+
+.row {
+  display: -webkit-box;
+  display: -ms-flexbox;
+  display: flex;
+  -ms-flex-wrap: wrap;
+  flex-wrap: wrap;
+  margin-right: -15px;
+  margin-left: -15px;
+}
+
+.no-gutters {
+  margin-right: 0;
+  margin-left: 0;
+}
+
+.no-gutters > .col,
+.no-gutters > [class*="col-"] {
+  padding-right: 0;
+  padding-left: 0;
+}
+
+.col-1, .col-2, .col-3, .col-4, .col-5, .col-6, .col-7, .col-8, .col-9, .col-10, .col-11, .col-12, .col,
+.col-auto, .col-sm-1, .col-sm-2, .col-sm-3, .col-sm-4, .col-sm-5, .col-sm-6, .col-sm-7, .col-sm-8, .col-sm-9, .col-sm-10, .col-sm-11, .col-sm-12, .col-sm,
+.col-sm-auto, .col-md-1, .col-md-2, .col-md-3, .col-md-4, .col-md-5, .col-md-6, .col-md-7, .col-md-8, .col-md-9, .col-md-10, .col-md-11, .col-md-12, .col-md,
+.col-md-auto, .col-lg-1, .col-lg-2, .col-lg-3, .col-lg-4, .col-lg-5, .col-lg-6, .col-lg-7, .col-lg-8, .col-lg-9, .col-lg-10, .col-lg-11, .col-lg-12, .col-lg,
+.col-lg-auto, .col-xl-1, .col-xl-2, .col-xl-3, .col-xl-4, .col-xl-5, .col-xl-6, .col-xl-7, .col-xl-8, .col-xl-9, .col-xl-10, .col-xl-11, .col-xl-12, .col-xl,
+.col-xl-auto {
+  position: relative;
+  width: 100%;
+  min-height: 1px;
+  padding-right: 15px;
+  padding-left: 15px;
+}
+
+.col {
+  -ms-flex-preferred-size: 0;
+  flex-basis: 0;
+  -webkit-box-flex: 1;
+  -ms-flex-positive: 1;
+  flex-grow: 1;
+  max-width: 100%;
+}
+
+.col-auto {
+  -webkit-box-flex: 0;
+  -ms-flex: 0 0 auto;
+  flex: 0 0 auto;
+  width: auto;
+  max-width: none;
+}
+
+.col-1 {
+  -webkit-box-flex: 0;
+  -ms-flex: 0 0 8.333333%;
+  flex: 0 0 8.333333%;
+  max-width: 8.333333%;
+}
+
+.col-2 {
+  -webkit-box-flex: 0;
+  -ms-flex: 0 0 16.666667%;
+  flex: 0 0 16.666667%;
+  max-width: 16.666667%;
+}
+
+.col-3 {
+  -webkit-box-flex: 0;
+  -ms-flex: 0 0 25%;
+  flex: 0 0 25%;
+  max-width: 25%;
+}
+
+.col-4 {
+  -webkit-box-flex: 0;
+  -ms-flex: 0 0 33.333333%;
+  flex: 0 0 33.333333%;
+  max-width: 33.333333%;
+}
+
+.col-5 {
+  -webkit-box-flex: 0;
+  -ms-flex: 0 0 41.666667%;
+  flex: 0 0 41.666667%;
+  max-width: 41.666667%;
+}
+
+.col-6 {
+  -webkit-box-flex: 0;
+  -ms-flex: 0 0 50%;
+  flex: 0 0 50%;
+  max-width: 50%;
+}
+
+.col-7 {
+  -webkit-box-flex: 0;
+  -ms-flex: 0 0 58.333333%;
+  flex: 0 0 58.333333%;
+  max-width: 58.333333%;
+}
+
+.col-8 {
+  -webkit-box-flex: 0;
+  -ms-flex: 0 0 66.666667%;
+  flex: 0 0 66.666667%;
+  max-width: 66.666667%;
+}
+
+.col-9 {
+  -webkit-box-flex: 0;
+  -ms-flex: 0 0 75%;
+  flex: 0 0 75%;
+  max-width: 75%;
+}
+
+.col-10 {
+  -webkit-box-flex: 0;
+  -ms-flex: 0 0 83.333333%;
+  flex: 0 0 83.333333%;
+  max-width: 83.333333%;
+}
+
+.col-11 {
+  -webkit-box-flex: 0;
+  -ms-flex: 0 0 91.666667%;
+  flex: 0 0 91.666667%;
+  max-width: 91.666667%;
+}
+
+.col-12 {
+  -webkit-box-flex: 0;
+  -ms-flex: 0 0 100%;
+  flex: 0 0 100%;
+  max-width: 100%;
+}
+
+.order-first {
+  -webkit-box-ordinal-group: 0;
+  -ms-flex-order: -1;
+  order: -1;
+}
+
+.order-last {
+  -webkit-box-ordinal-group: 14;
+  -ms-flex-order: 13;
+  order: 13;
+}
+
+.order-0 {
+  -webkit-box-ordinal-group: 1;
+  -ms-flex-order: 0;
+  order: 0;
+}
+
+.order-1 {
+  -webkit-box-ordinal-group: 2;
+  -ms-flex-order: 1;
+  order: 1;
+}
+
+.order-2 {
+  -webkit-box-ordinal-group: 3;
+  -ms-flex-order: 2;
+  order: 2;
+}
+
+.order-3 {
+  -webkit-box-ordinal-group: 4;
+  -ms-flex-order: 3;
+  order: 3;
+}
+
+.order-4 {
+  -webkit-box-ordinal-group: 5;
+  -ms-flex-order: 4;
+  order: 4;
+}
+
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+  -webkit-box-ordinal-group: 6;
+  -ms-flex-order: 5;
+  order: 5;
+}
+
+.order-6 {
+  -webkit-box-ordinal-group: 7;
+  -ms-flex-order: 6;
+  order: 6;
+}
+
+.order-7 {
+  -webkit-box-ordinal-group: 8;
+  -ms-flex-order: 7;
+  order: 7;
+}
+
+.order-8 {
+  -webkit-box-ordinal-group: 9;
+  -ms-flex-order: 8;
+  order: 8;
+}
+
+.order-9 {
+  -webkit-box-ordinal-group: 10;
+  -ms-flex-order: 9;
+  order: 9;
+}
+
+.order-10 {
+  -webkit-box-ordinal-group: 11;
+  -ms-flex-order: 10;
+  order: 10;
+}
+
+.order-11 {
+  -webkit-box-ordinal-group: 12;
+  -ms-flex-order: 11;
+  order: 11;
+}
+
+.order-12 {
+  -webkit-box-ordinal-group: 13;
+  -ms-flex-order: 12;
+  order: 12;
+}
+
+.offset-1 {
+  margin-left: 8.333333%;
+}
+
+.offset-2 {
+  margin-left: 16.666667%;
+}
+
+.offset-3 {
+  margin-left: 25%;
+}
+
+.offset-4 {
+  margin-left: 33.333333%;
+}
+
+.offset-5 {
+  margin-left: 41.666667%;
+}
+
+.offset-6 {
+  margin-left: 50%;
+}
+
+.offset-7 {
+  margin-left: 58.333333%;
+}
+
+.offset-8 {
+  margin-left: 66.666667%;
+}
+
+.offset-9 {
+  margin-left: 75%;
+}
+
+.offset-10 {
+  margin-left: 83.333333%;
+}
+
+.offset-11 {
+  margin-left: 91.666667%;
+}
+
+@media (min-width: 576px) {
+  .col-sm {
+    -ms-flex-preferred-size: 0;
+    flex-basis: 0;
+    -webkit-box-flex: 1;
+    -ms-flex-positive: 1;
+    flex-grow: 1;
+    max-width: 100%;
+  }
+  .col-sm-auto {
+    -webkit-box-flex: 0;
+    -ms-flex: 0 0 auto;
+    flex: 0 0 auto;
+    width: auto;
+    max-width: none;
+  }
+  .col-sm-1 {
+    -webkit-box-flex: 0;
+    -ms-flex: 0 0 8.333333%;
+    flex: 0 0 8.333333%;
+    max-width: 8.333333%;
+  }
+  .col-sm-2 {
+    -webkit-box-flex: 0;
+    -ms-flex: 0 0 16.666667%;
+    flex: 0 0 16.666667%;
+    max-width: 16.666667%;
+  }
+  .col-sm-3 {
+    -webkit-box-flex: 0;
+    -ms-flex: 0 0 25%;
+    flex: 0 0 25%;
+    max-width: 25%;
+  }
+  .col-sm-4 {
+    -webkit-box-flex: 0;
+    -ms-flex: 0 0 33.333333%;
+    flex: 0 0 33.333333%;
+    max-width: 33.333333%;
+  }
+  .col-sm-5 {
+    -webkit-box-flex: 0;
+    -ms-flex: 0 0 41.666667%;
+    flex: 0 0 41.666667%;
+    max-width: 41.666667%;
+  }
+  .col-sm-6 {
+    -webkit-box-flex: 0;
+    -ms-flex: 0 0 50%;
+    flex: 0 0 50%;
+    max-width: 50%;
+  }
+  .col-sm-7 {
+    -webkit-box-flex: 0;
+    -ms-flex: 0 0 58.333333%;
+    flex: 0 0 58.333333%;
+    max-width: 58.333333%;
+  }
+  .col-sm-8 {
+    -webkit-box-flex: 0;
+    -ms-flex: 0 0 66.666667%;
+    flex: 0 0 66.666667%;
+    max-width: 66.666667%;
+  }
+  .col-sm-9 {
+    -webkit-box-flex: 0;
+    -ms-flex: 0 0 75%;
+    flex: 0 0 75%;
+    max-width: 75%;
+  }
+  .col-sm-10 {
+    -webkit-box-flex: 0;
+    -ms-flex: 0 0 83.333333%;
+    flex: 0 0 83.333333%;
+    max-width: 83.333333%;
+  }
+  .col-sm-11 {
+    -webkit-box-flex: 0;
+    -ms-flex: 0 0 91.666667%;
+    flex: 0 0 91.666667%;
+    max-width: 91.666667%;
+  }
+  .col-sm-12 {
+    -webkit-box-flex: 0;
+    -ms-flex: 0 0 100%;
+    flex: 0 0 100%;
+    max-width: 100%;
+  }
+  .order-sm-first {
+    -webkit-box-ordinal-group: 0;
+    -ms-flex-order: -1;
+    order: -1;
+  }
+  .order-sm-last {
+    -webkit-box-ordinal-group: 14;
+    -ms-flex-order: 13;
+    order: 13;
+  }
+  .order-sm-0 {
+    -webkit-box-ordinal-group: 1;
+    -ms-flex-order: 0;
+    order: 0;
+  }
+  .order-sm-1 {
+    -webkit-box-ordinal-group: 2;
+    -ms-flex-order: 1;
+    order: 1;
+  }
+  .order-sm-2 {
+    -webkit-box-ordinal-group: 3;
+    -ms-flex-order: 2;
+    order: 2;
+  }
+  .order-sm-3 {
+    -webkit-box-ordinal-group: 4;
+    -ms-flex-order: 3;
+    order: 3;
+  }
+  .order-sm-4 {
+    -webkit-box-ordinal-group: 5;
+    -ms-flex-order: 4;
+    order: 4;
+  }
+  .order-sm-5 {
+    -webkit-box-ordinal-group: 6;
+    -ms-flex-order: 5;
+    order: 5;
+  }
+  .order-sm-6 {
+    -webkit-box-ordinal-group: 7;
+    -ms-flex-order: 6;
+    order: 6;
+  }
+  .order-sm-7 {
+    -webkit-box-ordinal-group: 8;
+    -ms-flex-order: 7;
+    order: 7;
+  }
+  .order-sm-8 {
+    -webkit-box-ordinal-group: 9;
+    -ms-flex-order: 8;
+    order: 8;
+  }
+  .order-sm-9 {
+    -webkit-box-ordinal-group: 10;
+    -ms-flex-order: 9;
+    order: 9;
+  }
+  .order-sm-10 {
+    -webkit-box-ordinal-group: 11;
+    -ms-flex-order: 10;
+    order: 10;
+  }
+  .order-sm-11 {
+    -webkit-box-ordinal-group: 12;
+    -ms-flex-order: 11;
+    order: 11;
+  }
+  .order-sm-12 {
+    -webkit-box-ordinal-group: 13;
+    -ms-flex-order: 12;
+    order: 12;
+  }
+  .offset-sm-0 {
+    margin-left: 0;
+  }
+  .offset-sm-1 {
+    margin-left: 8.333333%;
+  }
+  .offset-sm-2 {
+    margin-left: 16.666667%;
+  }
+  .offset-sm-3 {
+    margin-left: 25%;
+  }
+  .offset-sm-4 {
+    margin-left: 33.333333%;
+  }
+  .offset-sm-5 {
+    margin-left: 41.666667%;
+  }
+  .offset-sm-6 {
+    margin-left: 50%;
+  }
+  .offset-sm-7 {
+    margin-left: 58.333333%;
+  }
+  .offset-sm-8 {
+    margin-left: 66.666667%;
+  }
+  .offset-sm-9 {
+    margin-left: 75%;
+  }
+  .offset-sm-10 {
+    margin-left: 83.333333%;
+  }
+  .offset-sm-11 {
+    margin-left: 91.666667%;
+  }
+}
+
+@media (min-width: 768px) {
+  .col-md {
+    -ms-flex-preferred-size: 0;
+    flex-basis: 0;
+    -webkit-box-flex: 1;
+    -ms-flex-positive: 1;
+    flex-grow: 1;
+    max-width: 100%;
+  }
+  .col-md-auto {
+    -webkit-box-flex: 0;
+    -ms-flex: 0 0 auto;
+    flex: 0 0 auto;
+    width: auto;
+    max-width: none;
+  }
+  .col-md-1 {
+    -webkit-box-flex: 0;
+    -ms-flex: 0 0 8.333333%;
+    flex: 0 0 8.333333%;
+    max-width: 8.333333%;
+  }
+  .col-md-2 {
+    -webkit-box-flex: 0;
+    -ms-flex: 0 0 16.666667%;
+    flex: 0 0 16.666667%;
+    max-width: 16.666667%;
+  }
+  .col-md-3 {
+    -webkit-box-flex: 0;
+    -ms-flex: 0 0 25%;
+    flex: 0 0 25%;
+    max-width: 25%;
+  }
+  .col-md-4 {
+    -webkit-box-flex: 0;
+    -ms-flex: 0 0 33.333333%;
+    flex: 0 0 33.333333%;
+    max-width: 33.333333%;
+  }
+  .col-md-5 {
+    -webkit-box-flex: 0;
+    -ms-flex: 0 0 41.666667%;
+    flex: 0 0 41.666667%;
+    max-width: 41.666667%;
+  }
+  .col-md-6 {
+    -webkit-box-flex: 0;
+    -ms-flex: 0 0 50%;
+    flex: 0 0 50%;
+    max-width: 50%;
+  }
+  .col-md-7 {
+    -webkit-box-flex: 0;
+    -ms-flex: 0 0 58.333333%;
+    flex: 0 0 58.333333%;
+    max-width: 58.333333%;
+  }
+  .col-md-8 {
+    -webkit-box-flex: 0;
+    -ms-flex: 0 0 66.666667%;
+    flex: 0 0 66.666667%;
+    max-width: 66.666667%;
+  }
+  .col-md-9 {
+    -webkit-box-flex: 0;
+    -ms-flex: 0 0 75%;
+    flex: 0 0 75%;
+    max-width: 75%;
+  }
+  .col-md-10 {
+    -webkit-box-flex: 0;
+    -ms-flex: 0 0 83.333333%;
+    flex: 0 0 83.333333%;
+    max-width: 83.333333%;
+  }
+  .col-md-11 {
+    -webkit-box-flex: 0;
+    -ms-flex: 0 0 91.666667%;
+    flex: 0 0 91.666667%;
+    max-width: 91.666667%;
+  }
+  .col-md-12 {
+    -webkit-box-flex: 0;
+    -ms-flex: 0 0 100%;
+    flex: 0 0 100%;
+    max-width: 100%;
+  }
+  .order-md-first {
+    -webkit-box-ordinal-group: 0;
+    -ms-flex-order: -1;
+    order: -1;
+  }
+  .order-md-last {
+    -webkit-box-ordinal-group: 14;
+    -ms-flex-order: 13;
+    order: 13;
+  }
+  .order-md-0 {
+    -webkit-box-ordinal-group: 1;
+    -ms-flex-order: 0;
+    order: 0;
+  }
+  .order-md-1 {
+    -webkit-box-ordinal-group: 2;
+    -ms-flex-order: 1;
+    order: 1;
+  }
+  .order-md-2 {
+    -webkit-box-ordinal-group: 3;
+    -ms-flex-order: 2;
+    order: 2;
+  }
+  .order-md-3 {
+    -webkit-box-ordinal-group: 4;
+    -ms-flex-order: 3;
+    order: 3;
+  }
+  .order-md-4 {
+    -webkit-box-ordinal-group: 5;
+    -ms-flex-order: 4;
+    order: 4;
+  }
+  .order-md-5 {
+    -webkit-box-ordinal-group: 6;
+    -ms-flex-order: 5;
+    order: 5;
+  }
+  .order-md-6 {
+    -webkit-box-ordinal-group: 7;
+    -ms-flex-order: 6;
+    order: 6;
+  }
+  .order-md-7 {
+    -webkit-box-ordinal-group: 8;
+    -ms-flex-order: 7;
+    order: 7;
+  }
+  .order-md-8 {
+    -webkit-box-ordinal-group: 9;
+    -ms-flex-order: 8;
+    order: 8;
+  }
+  .order-md-9 {
+    -webkit-box-ordinal-group: 10;
+    -ms-flex-order: 9;
+    order: 9;
+  }
+  .order-md-10 {
+    -webkit-box-ordinal-group: 11;
+    -ms-flex-order: 10;
+    order: 10;
+  }
+  .order-md-11 {
+    -webkit-box-ordinal-group: 12;
+    -ms-flex-order: 11;
+    order: 11;
+  }
+  .order-md-12 {
+    -webkit-box-ordinal-group: 13;
+    -ms-flex-order: 12;
+    order: 12;
+  }
+  .offset-md-0 {
+    margin-left: 0;
+  }
+  .offset-md-1 {
+    margin-left: 8.333333%;
+  }
+  .offset-md-2 {
+    margin-left: 16.666667%;
+  }
+  .offset-md-3 {
+    margin-left: 25%;
+  }
+  .offset-md-4 {
+    margin-left: 33.333333%;
+  }
+  .offset-md-5 {
+    margin-left: 41.666667%;
+  }
+  .offset-md-6 {
+    margin-left: 50%;
+  }
+  .offset-md-7 {
+    margin-left: 58.333333%;
+  }
+  .offset-md-8 {
+    margin-left: 66.666667%;
+  }
+  .offset-md-9 {
+    margin-left: 75%;
+  }
+  .offset-md-10 {
+    margin-left: 83.333333%;
+  }
+  .offset-md-11 {
+    margin-left: 91.666667%;
+  }
+}
+
+@media (min-width: 992px) {
+  .col-lg {
+    -ms-flex-preferred-size: 0;
+    flex-basis: 0;
+    -webkit-box-flex: 1;
+    -ms-flex-positive: 1;
+    flex-grow: 1;
+    max-width: 100%;
+  }
+  .col-lg-auto {
+    -webkit-box-flex: 0;
+    -ms-flex: 0 0 auto;
+    flex: 0 0 auto;
+    width: auto;
+    max-width: none;
+  }
+  .col-lg-1 {
+    -webkit-box-flex: 0;
+    -ms-flex: 0 0 8.333333%;
+    flex: 0 0 8.333333%;
+    max-width: 8.333333%;
+  }
+  .col-lg-2 {
+    -webkit-box-flex: 0;
+    -ms-flex: 0 0 16.666667%;
+    flex: 0 0 16.666667%;
+    max-width: 16.666667%;
+  }
+  .col-lg-3 {
+    -webkit-box-flex: 0;
+    -ms-flex: 0 0 25%;
+    flex: 0 0 25%;
+    max-width: 25%;
+  }
+  .col-lg-4 {
+    -webkit-box-flex: 0;
+    -ms-flex: 0 0 33.333333%;
+    flex: 0 0 33.333333%;
+    max-width: 33.333333%;
+  }
+  .col-lg-5 {
+    -webkit-box-flex: 0;
+    -ms-flex: 0 0 41.666667%;
+    flex: 0 0 41.666667%;
+    max-width: 41.666667%;
+  }
+  .col-lg-6 {
+    -webkit-box-flex: 0;
+    -ms-flex: 0 0 50%;
+    flex: 0 0 50%;
+    max-width: 50%;
+  }
+  .col-lg-7 {
+    -webkit-box-flex: 0;
+    -ms-flex: 0 0 58.333333%;
+    flex: 0 0 58.333333%;
+    max-width: 58.333333%;
+  }
+  .col-lg-8 {
+    -webkit-box-flex: 0;
+    -ms-flex: 0 0 66.666667%;
+    flex: 0 0 66.666667%;
+    max-width: 66.666667%;
+  }
+  .col-lg-9 {
+    -webkit-box-flex: 0;
+    -ms-flex: 0 0 75%;
+    flex: 0 0 75%;
+    max-width: 75%;
+  }
+  .col-lg-10 {
+    -webkit-box-flex: 0;
+    -ms-flex: 0 0 83.333333%;
+    flex: 0 0 83.333333%;
+    max-width: 83.333333%;
+  }
+  .col-lg-11 {
+    -webkit-box-flex: 0;
+    -ms-flex: 0 0 91.666667%;
+    flex: 0 0 91.666667%;
+    max-width: 91.666667%;
+  }
+  .col-lg-12 {
+    -webkit-box-flex: 0;
+    -ms-flex: 0 0 100%;
+    flex: 0 0 100%;
+    max-width: 100%;
+  }
+  .order-lg-first {
+    -webkit-box-ordinal-group: 0;
+    -ms-flex-order: -1;
+    order: -1;
+  }
+  .order-lg-last {
+    -webkit-box-ordinal-group: 14;
+    -ms-flex-order: 13;
+    order: 13;
+  }
+  .order-lg-0 {
+    -webkit-box-ordinal-group: 1;
+    -ms-flex-order: 0;
+    order: 0;
+  }
+  .order-lg-1 {
+    -webkit-box-ordinal-group: 2;
+    -ms-flex-order: 1;
+    order: 1;
+  }
+  .order-lg-2 {
+    -webkit-box-ordinal-group: 3;
+    -ms-flex-order: 2;
+    order: 2;
+  }
+  .order-lg-3 {
+    -webkit-box-ordinal-group: 4;
+    -ms-flex-order: 3;
+    order: 3;
+  }
+  .order-lg-4 {
+    -webkit-box-ordinal-group: 5;
+    -ms-flex-order: 4;
+    order: 4;
+  }
+  .order-lg-5 {
+    -webkit-box-ordinal-group: 6;
+    -ms-flex-order: 5;
+    order: 5;
+  }
+  .order-lg-6 {
+    -webkit-box-ordinal-group: 7;
+    -ms-flex-order: 6;
+    order: 6;
+  }
+  .order-lg-7 {
+    -webkit-box-ordinal-group: 8;
+    -ms-flex-order: 7;
+    order: 7;
+  }
+  .order-lg-8 {
+    -webkit-box-ordinal-group: 9;
+    -ms-flex-order: 8;
+    order: 8;
+  }
+  .order-lg-9 {
+    -webkit-box-ordinal-group: 10;
+    -ms-flex-order: 9;
+    order: 9;
+  }
+  .order-lg-10 {
+    -webkit-box-ordinal-group: 11;
+    -ms-flex-order: 10;
+    order: 10;
+  }
+  .order-lg-11 {
+    -webkit-box-ordinal-group: 12;
+    -ms-flex-order: 11;
+    order: 11;
+  }
+  .order-lg-12 {
+    -webkit-box-ordinal-group: 13;
+    -ms-flex-order: 12;
+    order: 12;
+  }
+  .offset-lg-0 {
+    margin-left: 0;
+  }
+  .offset-lg-1 {
+    margin-left: 8.333333%;
+  }
+  .offset-lg-2 {
+    margin-left: 16.666667%;
+  }
+  .offset-lg-3 {
+    margin-left: 25%;
+  }
+  .offset-lg-4 {
+    margin-left: 33.333333%;
+  }
+  .offset-lg-5 {
+    margin-left: 41.666667%;
+  }
+  .offset-lg-6 {
+    margin-left: 50%;
+  }
+  .offset-lg-7 {
+    margin-left: 58.333333%;
+  }
+  .offset-lg-8 {
+    margin-left: 66.666667%;
+  }
+  .offset-lg-9 {
+    margin-left: 75%;
+  }
+  .offset-lg-10 {
+    margin-left: 83.333333%;
+  }
+  .offset-lg-11 {
+    margin-left: 91.666667%;
+  }
+}
+
+@media (min-width: 1200px) {
+  .col-xl {
+    -ms-flex-preferred-size: 0;
+    flex-basis: 0;
+    -webkit-box-flex: 1;
+    -ms-flex-positive: 1;
+    flex-grow: 1;
+    max-width: 100%;
+  }
+  .col-xl-auto {
+    -webkit-box-flex: 0;
+    -ms-flex: 0 0 auto;
+    flex: 0 0 auto;
+    width: auto;
+    max-width: none;
+  }
+  .col-xl-1 {
+    -webkit-box-flex: 0;
+    -ms-flex: 0 0 8.333333%;
+    flex: 0 0 8.333333%;
+    max-width: 8.333333%;
+  }
+  .col-xl-2 {
+    -webkit-box-flex: 0;
+    -ms-flex: 0 0 16.666667%;
+    flex: 0 0 16.666667%;
+    max-width: 16.666667%;
+  }
+  .col-xl-3 {
+    -webkit-box-flex: 0;
+    -ms-flex: 0 0 25%;
+    flex: 0 0 25%;
+    max-width: 25%;
+  }
+  .col-xl-4 {
+    -webkit-box-flex: 0;
+    -ms-flex: 0 0 33.333333%;
+    flex: 0 0 33.333333%;
+    max-width: 33.333333%;
+  }
+  .col-xl-5 {
+    -webkit-box-flex: 0;
+    -ms-flex: 0 0 41.666667%;
+    flex: 0 0 41.666667%;
+    max-width: 41.666667%;
+  }
+  .col-xl-6 {
+    -webkit-box-flex: 0;
+    -ms-flex: 0 0 50%;
+    flex: 0 0 50%;
+    max-width: 50%;
+  }
+  .col-xl-7 {
+    -webkit-box-flex: 0;
+    -ms-flex: 0 0 58.333333%;
+    flex: 0 0 58.333333%;
+    max-width: 58.333333%;
+  }
+  .col-xl-8 {
+    -webkit-box-flex: 0;
+    -ms-flex: 0 0 66.666667%;
+    flex: 0 0 66.666667%;
+    max-width: 66.666667%;
+  }
+  .col-xl-9 {
+    -webkit-box-flex: 0;
+    -ms-flex: 0 0 75%;
+    flex: 0 0 75%;
+    max-width: 75%;
+  }
+  .col-xl-10 {
+    -webkit-box-flex: 0;
+    -ms-flex: 0 0 83.333333%;
+    flex: 0 0 83.333333%;
+    max-width: 83.333333%;
+  }
+  .col-xl-11 {
+    -webkit-box-flex: 0;
+    -ms-flex: 0 0 91.666667%;
+    flex: 0 0 91.666667%;
+    max-width: 91.666667%;
+  }
+  .col-xl-12 {
+    -webkit-box-flex: 0;
+    -ms-flex: 0 0 100%;
+    flex: 0 0 100%;
+    max-width: 100%;
+  }
+  .order-xl-first {
+    -webkit-box-ordinal-group: 0;
+    -ms-flex-order: -1;
+    order: -1;
+  }
+  .order-xl-last {
+    -webkit-box-ordinal-group: 14;
+    -ms-flex-order: 13;
+    order: 13;
+  }
+  .order-xl-0 {
+    -webkit-box-ordinal-group: 1;
+    -ms-flex-order: 0;
+    order: 0;
+  }
+  .order-xl-1 {
+    -webkit-box-ordinal-group: 2;
+    -ms-flex-order: 1;
+    order: 1;
+  }
+  .order-xl-2 {
+    -webkit-box-ordinal-group: 3;
+    -ms-flex-order: 2;
+    order: 2;
+  }
+  .order-xl-3 {
+    -webkit-box-ordinal-group: 4;
+    -ms-flex-order: 3;
+    order: 3;
+  }
+  .order-xl-4 {
+    -webkit-box-ordinal-group: 5;
+    -ms-flex-order: 4;
+    order: 4;
+  }
+  .order-xl-5 {
+    -webkit-box-ordinal-group: 6;
+    -ms-flex-order: 5;
+    order: 5;
+  }
+  .order-xl-6 {
+    -webkit-box-ordinal-group: 7;
+    -ms-flex-order: 6;
+    order: 6;
+  }
+  .order-xl-7 {
+    -webkit-box-ordinal-group: 8;
+    -ms-flex-order: 7;
+    order: 7;
+  }
+  .order-xl-8 {
+    -webkit-box-ordinal-group: 9;
+    -ms-flex-order: 8;
+    order: 8;
+  }
+  .order-xl-9 {
+    -webkit-box-ordinal-group: 10;
+    -ms-flex-order: 9;
+    order: 9;
+  }
+  .order-xl-10 {
+    -webkit-box-ordinal-group: 11;
+    -ms-flex-order: 10;
+    order: 10;
+  }
+  .order-xl-11 {
+    -webkit-box-ordinal-group: 12;
+    -ms-flex-order: 11;
+    order: 11;
+  }
+  .order-xl-12 {
+    -webkit-box-ordinal-group: 13;
+    -ms-flex-order: 12;
+    order: 12;
+  }
+  .offset-xl-0 {
+    margin-left: 0;
+  }
+  .offset-xl-1 {
+    margin-left: 8.333333%;
+  }
+  .offset-xl-2 {
+    margin-left: 16.666667%;
+  }
+  .offset-xl-3 {
+    margin-left: 25%;
+  }
+  .offset-xl-4 {
+    margin-left: 33.333333%;
+  }
+  .offset-xl-5 {
+    margin-left: 41.666667%;
+  }
+  .offset-xl-6 {
+    margin-left: 50%;
+  }
+  .offset-xl-7 {
+    margin-left: 58.333333%;
+  }
+  .offset-xl-8 {
+    margin-left: 66.666667%;
+  }
+  .offset-xl-9 {
+    margin-left: 75%;
+  }
+  .offset-xl-10 {
+    margin-left: 83.333333%;
+  }
+  .offset-xl-11 {
+    margin-left: 91.666667%;
+  }
+}
+
+.table {
+  width: 100%;
+  max-width: 100%;
+  margin-bottom: 1rem;
+  background-color: transparent;
+}
+
+.table th,
+.table td {
+  padding: 0.75rem;
+  vertical-align: top;
+  border-top: 1px solid #dee2e6;
+}
+
+.table thead th {
+  vertical-align: bottom;
+  border-bottom: 2px solid #dee2e6;
+}
+
+.table tbody + tbody {
+  border-top: 2px solid #dee2e6;
+}
+
+.table .table {
+  background-color: #fff;
+}
+
+.table-sm th,
+.table-sm td {
+  padding: 0.3rem;
+}
+
+.table-bordered {
+  border: 1px solid #dee2e6;
+}
+
+.table-bordered th,
+.table-bordered td {
+  border: 1px solid #dee2e6;
+}
+
+.table-bordered thead th,
+.table-bordered thead td {
+  border-bottom-width: 2px;
+}
+
+.table-striped tbody tr:nth-of-type(odd) {
+  background-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.05);
+}
+
+.table-hover tbody tr:hover {
+  background-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.075);
+}
+
+.table-primary,
+.table-primary > th,
+.table-primary > td {
+  background-color: #b8daff;
+}
+
+.table-hover .table-primary:hover {
+  background-color: #9fcdff;
+}
+
+.table-hover .table-primary:hover > td,
+.table-hover .table-primary:hover > th {
+  background-color: #9fcdff;
+}
+
+.table-secondary,
+.table-secondary > th,
+.table-secondary > td {
+  background-color: #d6d8db;
+}
+
+.table-hover .table-secondary:hover {
+  background-color: #c8cbcf;
+}
+
+.table-hover .table-secondary:hover > td,
+.table-hover .table-secondary:hover > th {
+  background-color: #c8cbcf;
+}
+
+.table-success,
+.table-success > th,
+.table-success > td {
+  background-color: #c3e6cb;
+}
+
+.table-hover .table-success:hover {
+  background-color: #b1dfbb;
+}
+
+.table-hover .table-success:hover > td,
+.table-hover .table-success:hover > th {
+  background-color: #b1dfbb;
+}
+
+.table-info,
+.table-info > th,
+.table-info > td {
+  background-color: #bee5eb;
+}
+
+.table-hover .table-info:hover {
+  background-color: #abdde5;
+}
+
+.table-hover .table-info:hover > td,
+.table-hover .table-info:hover > th {
+  background-color: #abdde5;
+}
+
+.table-warning,
+.table-warning > th,
+.table-warning > td {
+  background-color: #ffeeba;
+}
+
+.table-hover .table-warning:hover {
+  background-color: #ffe8a1;
+}
+
+.table-hover .table-warning:hover > td,
+.table-hover .table-warning:hover > th {
+  background-color: #ffe8a1;
+}
+
+.table-danger,
+.table-danger > th,
+.table-danger > td {
+  background-color: #f5c6cb;
+}
+
+.table-hover .table-danger:hover {
+  background-color: #f1b0b7;
+}
+
+.table-hover .table-danger:hover > td,
+.table-hover .table-danger:hover > th {
+  background-color: #f1b0b7;
+}
+
+.table-light,
+.table-light > th,
+.table-light > td {
+  background-color: #fdfdfe;
+}
+
+.table-hover .table-light:hover {
+  background-color: #ececf6;
+}
+
+.table-hover .table-light:hover > td,
+.table-hover .table-light:hover > th {
+  background-color: #ececf6;
+}
+
+.table-dark,
+.table-dark > th,
+.table-dark > td {
+  background-color: #c6c8ca;
+}
+
+.table-hover .table-dark:hover {
+  background-color: #b9bbbe;
+}
+
+.table-hover .table-dark:hover > td,
+.table-hover .table-dark:hover > th {
+  background-color: #b9bbbe;
+}
+
+.table-active,
+.table-active > th,
+.table-active > td {
+  background-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.075);
+}
+
+.table-hover .table-active:hover {
+  background-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.075);
+}
+
+.table-hover .table-active:hover > td,
+.table-hover .table-active:hover > th {
+  background-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.075);
+}
+
+.table .thead-dark th {
+  color: #fff;
+  background-color: #212529;
+  border-color: #32383e;
+}
+
+.table .thead-light th {
+  color: #495057;
+  background-color: #e9ecef;
+  border-color: #dee2e6;
+}
+
+.table-dark {
+  color: #fff;
+  background-color: #212529;
+}
+
+.table-dark th,
+.table-dark td,
+.table-dark thead th {
+  border-color: #32383e;
+}
+
+.table-dark.table-bordered {
+  border: 0;
+}
+
+.table-dark.table-striped tbody tr:nth-of-type(odd) {
+  background-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.05);
+}
+
+.table-dark.table-hover tbody tr:hover {
+  background-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.075);
+}
+
+@media (max-width: 575.98px) {
+  .table-responsive-sm {
+    display: block;
+    width: 100%;
+    overflow-x: auto;
+    -webkit-overflow-scrolling: touch;
+    -ms-overflow-style: -ms-autohiding-scrollbar;
+  }
+  .table-responsive-sm > .table-bordered {
+    border: 0;
+  }
+}
+
+@media (max-width: 767.98px) {
+  .table-responsive-md {
+    display: block;
+    width: 100%;
+    overflow-x: auto;
+    -webkit-overflow-scrolling: touch;
+    -ms-overflow-style: -ms-autohiding-scrollbar;
+  }
+  .table-responsive-md > .table-bordered {
+    border: 0;
+  }
+}
+
+@media (max-width: 991.98px) {
+  .table-responsive-lg {
+    display: block;
+    width: 100%;
+    overflow-x: auto;
+    -webkit-overflow-scrolling: touch;
+    -ms-overflow-style: -ms-autohiding-scrollbar;
+  }
+  .table-responsive-lg > .table-bordered {
+    border: 0;
+  }
+}
+
+@media (max-width: 1199.98px) {
+  .table-responsive-xl {
+    display: block;
+    width: 100%;
+    overflow-x: auto;
+    -webkit-overflow-scrolling: touch;
+    -ms-overflow-style: -ms-autohiding-scrollbar;
+  }
+  .table-responsive-xl > .table-bordered {
+    border: 0;
+  }
+}
+
+.table-responsive {
+  display: block;
+  width: 100%;
+  overflow-x: auto;
+  -webkit-overflow-scrolling: touch;
+  -ms-overflow-style: -ms-autohiding-scrollbar;
+}
+
+.table-responsive > .table-bordered {
+  border: 0;
+}
+
+.form-control {
+  display: block;
+  width: 100%;
+  padding: 0.375rem 0.75rem;
+  font-size: 1rem;
+  line-height: 1.5;
+  color: #495057;
+  background-color: #fff;
+  background-clip: padding-box;
+  border: 1px solid #ced4da;
+  border-radius: 0.25rem;
+  transition: border-color 0.15s ease-in-out, box-shadow 0.15s ease-in-out;
+}
+
+.form-control::-ms-expand {
+  background-color: transparent;
+  border: 0;
+}
+
+.form-control:focus {
+  color: #495057;
+  background-color: #fff;
+  border-color: #80bdff;
+  outline: 0;
+  box-shadow: 0 0 0 0.2rem rgba(0, 123, 255, 0.25);
+}
+
+.form-control::-webkit-input-placeholder {
+  color: #6c757d;
+  opacity: 1;
+}
+
+.form-control::-moz-placeholder {
+  color: #6c757d;
+  opacity: 1;
+}
+
+.form-control:-ms-input-placeholder {
+  color: #6c757d;
+  opacity: 1;
+}
+
+.form-control::-ms-input-placeholder {
+  color: #6c757d;
+  opacity: 1;
+}
+
+.form-control::placeholder {
+  color: #6c757d;
+  opacity: 1;
+}
+
+.form-control:disabled, .form-control[readonly] {
+  background-color: #e9ecef;
+  opacity: 1;
+}
+
+select.form-control:not([size]):not([multiple]) {
+  height: calc(2.25rem + 2px);
+}
+
+select.form-control:focus::-ms-value {
+  color: #495057;
+  background-color: #fff;
+}
+
+.form-control-file,
+.form-control-range {
+  display: block;
+  width: 100%;
+}
+
+.col-form-label {
+  padding-top: calc(0.375rem + 1px);
+  padding-bottom: calc(0.375rem + 1px);
+  margin-bottom: 0;
+  font-size: inherit;
+  line-height: 1.5;
+}
+
+.col-form-label-lg {
+  padding-top: calc(0.5rem + 1px);
+  padding-bottom: calc(0.5rem + 1px);
+  font-size: 1.25rem;
+  line-height: 1.5;
+}
+
+.col-form-label-sm {
+  padding-top: calc(0.25rem + 1px);
+  padding-bottom: calc(0.25rem + 1px);
+  font-size: 0.875rem;
+  line-height: 1.5;
+}
+
+.form-control-plaintext {
+  display: block;
+  width: 100%;
+  padding-top: 0.375rem;
+  padding-bottom: 0.375rem;
+  margin-bottom: 0;
+  line-height: 1.5;
+  background-color: transparent;
+  border: solid transparent;
+  border-width: 1px 0;
+}
+
+.form-control-plaintext.form-control-sm, .input-group-sm > .form-control-plaintext.form-control,
+.input-group-sm > .input-group-prepend > .form-control-plaintext.input-group-text,
+.input-group-sm > .input-group-append > .form-control-plaintext.input-group-text,
+.input-group-sm > .input-group-prepend > .form-control-plaintext.btn,
+.input-group-sm > .input-group-append > .form-control-plaintext.btn, .form-control-plaintext.form-control-lg, .input-group-lg > .form-control-plaintext.form-control,
+.input-group-lg > .input-group-prepend > .form-control-plaintext.input-group-text,
+.input-group-lg > .input-group-append > .form-control-plaintext.input-group-text,
+.input-group-lg > .input-group-prepend > .form-control-plaintext.btn,
+.input-group-lg > .input-group-append > .form-control-plaintext.btn {
+  padding-right: 0;
+  padding-left: 0;
+}
+
+.form-control-sm, .input-group-sm > .form-control,
+.input-group-sm > .input-group-prepend > .input-group-text,
+.input-group-sm > .input-group-append > .input-group-text,
+.input-group-sm > .input-group-prepend > .btn,
+.input-group-sm > .input-group-append > .btn {
+  padding: 0.25rem 0.5rem;
+  font-size: 0.875rem;
+  line-height: 1.5;
+  border-radius: 0.2rem;
+}
+
+select.form-control-sm:not([size]):not([multiple]), .input-group-sm > select.form-control:not([size]):not([multiple]),
+.input-group-sm > .input-group-prepend > select.input-group-text:not([size]):not([multiple]),
+.input-group-sm > .input-group-append > select.input-group-text:not([size]):not([multiple]),
+.input-group-sm > .input-group-prepend > select.btn:not([size]):not([multiple]),
+.input-group-sm > .input-group-append > select.btn:not([size]):not([multiple]) {
+  height: calc(1.8125rem + 2px);
+}
+
+.form-control-lg, .input-group-lg > .form-control,
+.input-group-lg > .input-group-prepend > .input-group-text,
+.input-group-lg > .input-group-append > .input-group-text,
+.input-group-lg > .input-group-prepend > .btn,
+.input-group-lg > .input-group-append > .btn {
+  padding: 0.5rem 1rem;
+  font-size: 1.25rem;
+  line-height: 1.5;
+  border-radius: 0.3rem;
+}
+
+select.form-control-lg:not([size]):not([multiple]), .input-group-lg > select.form-control:not([size]):not([multiple]),
+.input-group-lg > .input-group-prepend > select.input-group-text:not([size]):not([multiple]),
+.input-group-lg > .input-group-append > select.input-group-text:not([size]):not([multiple]),
+.input-group-lg > .input-group-prepend > select.btn:not([size]):not([multiple]),
+.input-group-lg > .input-group-append > select.btn:not([size]):not([multiple]) {
+  height: calc(2.875rem + 2px);
+}
+
+.form-group {
+  margin-bottom: 1rem;
+}
+
+.form-text {
+  display: block;
+  margin-top: 0.25rem;
+}
+
+.form-row {
+  display: -webkit-box;
+  display: -ms-flexbox;
+  display: flex;
+  -ms-flex-wrap: wrap;
+  flex-wrap: wrap;
+  margin-right: -5px;
+  margin-left: -5px;
+}
+
+.form-row > .col,
+.form-row > [class*="col-"] {
+  padding-right: 5px;
+  padding-left: 5px;
+}
+
+.form-check {
+  position: relative;
+  display: block;
+  padding-left: 1.25rem;
+}
+
+.form-check-input {
+  position: absolute;
+  margin-top: 0.3rem;
+  margin-left: -1.25rem;
+}
+
+.form-check-input:disabled ~ .form-check-label {
+  color: #6c757d;
+}
+
+.form-check-label {
+  margin-bottom: 0;
+}
+
+.form-check-inline {
+  display: -webkit-inline-box;
+  display: -ms-inline-flexbox;
+  display: inline-flex;
+  -webkit-box-align: center;
+  -ms-flex-align: center;
+  align-items: center;
+  padding-left: 0;
+  margin-right: 0.75rem;
+}
+
+.form-check-inline .form-check-input {
+  position: static;
+  margin-top: 0;
+  margin-right: 0.3125rem;
+  margin-left: 0;
+}
+
+.valid-feedback {
+  display: none;
+  width: 100%;
+  margin-top: 0.25rem;
+  font-size: 80%;
+  color: #28a745;
+}
+
+.valid-tooltip {
+  position: absolute;
+  top: 100%;
+  z-index: 5;
+  display: none;
+  max-width: 100%;
+  padding: .5rem;
+  margin-top: .1rem;
+  font-size: .875rem;
+  line-height: 1;
+  color: #fff;
+  background-color: rgba(40, 167, 69, 0.8);
+  border-radius: .2rem;
+}
+
+.was-validated .form-control:valid, .form-control.is-valid, .was-validated
+.custom-select:valid,
+.custom-select.is-valid {
+  border-color: #28a745;
+}
+
+.was-validated .form-control:valid:focus, .form-control.is-valid:focus, .was-validated
+.custom-select:valid:focus,
+.custom-select.is-valid:focus {
+  border-color: #28a745;
+  box-shadow: 0 0 0 0.2rem rgba(40, 167, 69, 0.25);
+}
+
+.was-validated .form-control:valid ~ .valid-feedback,
+.was-validated .form-control:valid ~ .valid-tooltip, .form-control.is-valid ~ .valid-feedback,
+.form-control.is-valid ~ .valid-tooltip, .was-validated
+.custom-select:valid ~ .valid-feedback,
+.was-validated
+.custom-select:valid ~ .valid-tooltip,
+.custom-select.is-valid ~ .valid-feedback,
+.custom-select.is-valid ~ .valid-tooltip {
+  display: block;
+}
+
+.was-validated .form-check-input:valid ~ .form-check-label, .form-check-input.is-valid ~ .form-check-label {
+  color: #28a745;
+}
+
+.was-validated .form-check-input:valid ~ .valid-feedback,
+.was-validated .form-check-input:valid ~ .valid-tooltip, .form-check-input.is-valid ~ .valid-feedback,
+.form-check-input.is-valid ~ .valid-tooltip {
+  display: block;
+}
+
+.was-validated .custom-control-input:valid ~ .custom-control-label, .custom-control-input.is-valid ~ .custom-control-label {
+  color: #28a745;
+}
+
+.was-validated .custom-control-input:valid ~ .custom-control-label::before, .custom-control-input.is-valid ~ .custom-control-label::before {
+  background-color: #71dd8a;
+}
+
+.was-validated .custom-control-input:valid ~ .valid-feedback,
+.was-validated .custom-control-input:valid ~ .valid-tooltip, .custom-control-input.is-valid ~ .valid-feedback,
+.custom-control-input.is-valid ~ .valid-tooltip {
+  display: block;
+}
+
+.was-validated .custom-control-input:valid:checked ~ .custom-control-label::before, .custom-control-input.is-valid:checked ~ .custom-control-label::before {
+  background-color: #34ce57;
+}
+
+.was-validated .custom-control-input:valid:focus ~ .custom-control-label::before, .custom-control-input.is-valid:focus ~ .custom-control-label::before {
+  box-shadow: 0 0 0 1px #fff, 0 0 0 0.2rem rgba(40, 167, 69, 0.25);
+}
+
+.was-validated .custom-file-input:valid ~ .custom-file-label, .custom-file-input.is-valid ~ .custom-file-label {
+  border-color: #28a745;
+}
+
+.was-validated .custom-file-input:valid ~ .custom-file-label::before, .custom-file-input.is-valid ~ .custom-file-label::before {
+  border-color: inherit;
+}
+
+.was-validated .custom-file-input:valid ~ .valid-feedback,
+.was-validated .custom-file-input:valid ~ .valid-tooltip, .custom-file-input.is-valid ~ .valid-feedback,
+.custom-file-input.is-valid ~ .valid-tooltip {
+  display: block;
+}
+
+.was-validated .custom-file-input:valid:focus ~ .custom-file-label, .custom-file-input.is-valid:focus ~ .custom-file-label {
+  box-shadow: 0 0 0 0.2rem rgba(40, 167, 69, 0.25);
+}
+
+.invalid-feedback {
+  display: none;
+  width: 100%;
+  margin-top: 0.25rem;
+  font-size: 80%;
+  color: #dc3545;
+}
+
+.invalid-tooltip {
+  position: absolute;
+  top: 100%;
+  z-index: 5;
+  display: none;
+  max-width: 100%;
+  padding: .5rem;
+  margin-top: .1rem;
+  font-size: .875rem;
+  line-height: 1;
+  color: #fff;
+  background-color: rgba(220, 53, 69, 0.8);
+  border-radius: .2rem;
+}
+
+.was-validated .form-control:invalid, .form-control.is-invalid, .was-validated
+.custom-select:invalid,
+.custom-select.is-invalid {
+  border-color: #dc3545;
+}
+
+.was-validated .form-control:invalid:focus, .form-control.is-invalid:focus, .was-validated
+.custom-select:invalid:focus,
+.custom-select.is-invalid:focus {
+  border-color: #dc3545;
+  box-shadow: 0 0 0 0.2rem rgba(220, 53, 69, 0.25);
+}
+
+.was-validated .form-control:invalid ~ .invalid-feedback,
+.was-validated .form-control:invalid ~ .invalid-tooltip, .form-control.is-invalid ~ .invalid-feedback,
+.form-control.is-invalid ~ .invalid-tooltip, .was-validated
+.custom-select:invalid ~ .invalid-feedback,
+.was-validated
+.custom-select:invalid ~ .invalid-tooltip,
+.custom-select.is-invalid ~ .invalid-feedback,
+.custom-select.is-invalid ~ .invalid-tooltip {
+  display: block;
+}
+
+.was-validated .form-check-input:invalid ~ .form-check-label, .form-check-input.is-invalid ~ .form-check-label {
+  color: #dc3545;
+}
+
+.was-validated .form-check-input:invalid ~ .invalid-feedback,
+.was-validated .form-check-input:invalid ~ .invalid-tooltip, .form-check-input.is-invalid ~ .invalid-feedback,
+.form-check-input.is-invalid ~ .invalid-tooltip {
+  display: block;
+}
+
+.was-validated .custom-control-input:invalid ~ .custom-control-label, .custom-control-input.is-invalid ~ .custom-control-label {
+  color: #dc3545;
+}
+
+.was-validated .custom-control-input:invalid ~ .custom-control-label::before, .custom-control-input.is-invalid ~ .custom-control-label::before {
+  background-color: #efa2a9;
+}
+
+.was-validated .custom-control-input:invalid ~ .invalid-feedback,
+.was-validated .custom-control-input:invalid ~ .invalid-tooltip, .custom-control-input.is-invalid ~ .invalid-feedback,
+.custom-control-input.is-invalid ~ .invalid-tooltip {
+  display: block;
+}
+
+.was-validated .custom-control-input:invalid:checked ~ .custom-control-label::before, .custom-control-input.is-invalid:checked ~ .custom-control-label::before {
+  background-color: #e4606d;
+}
+
+.was-validated .custom-control-input:invalid:focus ~ .custom-control-label::before, .custom-control-input.is-invalid:focus ~ .custom-control-label::before {
+  box-shadow: 0 0 0 1px #fff, 0 0 0 0.2rem rgba(220, 53, 69, 0.25);
+}
+
+.was-validated .custom-file-input:invalid ~ .custom-file-label, .custom-file-input.is-invalid ~ .custom-file-label {
+  border-color: #dc3545;
+}
+
+.was-validated .custom-file-input:invalid ~ .custom-file-label::before, .custom-file-input.is-invalid ~ .custom-file-label::before {
+  border-color: inherit;
+}
+
+.was-validated .custom-file-input:invalid ~ .invalid-feedback,
+.was-validated .custom-file-input:invalid ~ .invalid-tooltip, .custom-file-input.is-invalid ~ .invalid-feedback,
+.custom-file-input.is-invalid ~ .invalid-tooltip {
+  display: block;
+}
+
+.was-validated .custom-file-input:invalid:focus ~ .custom-file-label, .custom-file-input.is-invalid:focus ~ .custom-file-label {
+  box-shadow: 0 0 0 0.2rem rgba(220, 53, 69, 0.25);
+}
+
+.form-inline {
+  display: -webkit-box;
+  display: -ms-flexbox;
+  display: flex;
+  -webkit-box-orient: horizontal;
+  -webkit-box-direction: normal;
+  -ms-flex-flow: row wrap;
+  flex-flow: row wrap;
+  -webkit-box-align: center;
+  -ms-flex-align: center;
+  align-items: center;
+}
+
+.form-inline .form-check {
+  width: 100%;
+}
+
+@media (min-width: 576px) {
+  .form-inline label {
+    display: -webkit-box;
+    display: -ms-flexbox;
+    display: flex;
+    -webkit-box-align: center;
+    -ms-flex-align: center;
+    align-items: center;
+    -webkit-box-pack: center;
+    -ms-flex-pack: center;
+    justify-content: center;
+    margin-bottom: 0;
+  }
+  .form-inline .form-group {
+    display: -webkit-box;
+    display: -ms-flexbox;
+    display: flex;
+    -webkit-box-flex: 0;
+    -ms-flex: 0 0 auto;
+    flex: 0 0 auto;
+    -webkit-box-orient: horizontal;
+    -webkit-box-direction: normal;
+    -ms-flex-flow: row wrap;
+    flex-flow: row wrap;
+    -webkit-box-align: center;
+    -ms-flex-align: center;
+    align-items: center;
+    margin-bottom: 0;
+  }
+  .form-inline .form-control {
+    display: inline-block;
+    width: auto;
+    vertical-align: middle;
+  }
+  .form-inline .form-control-plaintext {
+    display: inline-block;
+  }
+  .form-inline .input-group {
+    width: auto;
+  }
+  .form-inline .form-check {
+    display: -webkit-box;
+    display: -ms-flexbox;
+    display: flex;
+    -webkit-box-align: center;
+    -ms-flex-align: center;
+    align-items: center;
+    -webkit-box-pack: center;
+    -ms-flex-pack: center;
+    justify-content: center;
+    width: auto;
+    padding-left: 0;
+  }
+  .form-inline .form-check-input {
+    position: relative;
+    margin-top: 0;
+    margin-right: 0.25rem;
+    margin-left: 0;
+  }
+  .form-inline .custom-control {
+    -webkit-box-align: center;
+    -ms-flex-align: center;
+    align-items: center;
+    -webkit-box-pack: center;
+    -ms-flex-pack: center;
+    justify-content: center;
+  }
+  .form-inline .custom-control-label {
+    margin-bottom: 0;
+  }
+}
+
+.btn {
+  display: inline-block;
+  font-weight: 400;
+  text-align: center;
+  white-space: nowrap;
+  vertical-align: middle;
+  -webkit-user-select: none;
+  -moz-user-select: none;
+  -ms-user-select: none;
+  user-select: none;
+  border: 1px solid transparent;
+  padding: 0.375rem 0.75rem;
+  font-size: 1rem;
+  line-height: 1.5;
+  border-radius: 0.25rem;
+  transition: color 0.15s ease-in-out, background-color 0.15s ease-in-out, border-color 0.15s ease-in-out, box-shadow 0.15s ease-in-out;
+}
+
+.btn:hover, .btn:focus {
+  text-decoration: none;
+}
+
+.btn:focus, .btn.focus {
+  outline: 0;
+  box-shadow: 0 0 0 0.2rem rgba(0, 123, 255, 0.25);
+}
+
+.btn.disabled, .btn:disabled {
+  opacity: 0.65;
+}
+
+.btn:not(:disabled):not(.disabled) {
+  cursor: pointer;
+}
+
+.btn:not(:disabled):not(.disabled):active, .btn:not(:disabled):not(.disabled).active {
+  background-image: none;
+}
+
+a.btn.disabled,
+fieldset:disabled a.btn {
+  pointer-events: none;
+}
+
+.btn-primary {
+  color: #fff;
+  background-color: #007bff;
+  border-color: #007bff;
+}
+
+.btn-primary:hover {
+  color: #fff;
+  background-color: #0069d9;
+  border-color: #0062cc;
+}
+
+.btn-primary:focus, .btn-primary.focus {
+  box-shadow: 0 0 0 0.2rem rgba(0, 123, 255, 0.5);
+}
+
+.btn-primary.disabled, .btn-primary:disabled {
+  color: #fff;
+  background-color: #007bff;
+  border-color: #007bff;
+}
+
+.btn-primary:not(:disabled):not(.disabled):active, .btn-primary:not(:disabled):not(.disabled).active,
+.show > .btn-primary.dropdown-toggle {
+  color: #fff;
+  background-color: #0062cc;
+  border-color: #005cbf;
+}
+
+.btn-primary:not(:disabled):not(.disabled):active:focus, .btn-primary:not(:disabled):not(.disabled).active:focus,
+.show > .btn-primary.dropdown-toggle:focus {
+  box-shadow: 0 0 0 0.2rem rgba(0, 123, 255, 0.5);
+}
+
+.btn-secondary {
+  color: #fff;
+  background-color: #6c757d;
+  border-color: #6c757d;
+}
+
+.btn-secondary:hover {
+  color: #fff;
+  background-color: #5a6268;
+  border-color: #545b62;
+}
+
+.btn-secondary:focus, .btn-secondary.focus {
+  box-shadow: 0 0 0 0.2rem rgba(108, 117, 125, 0.5);
+}
+
+.btn-secondary.disabled, .btn-secondary:disabled {
+  color: #fff;
+  background-color: #6c757d;
+  border-color: #6c757d;
+}
+
+.btn-secondary:not(:disabled):not(.disabled):active, .btn-secondary:not(:disabled):not(.disabled).active,
+.show > .btn-secondary.dropdown-toggle {
+  color: #fff;
+  background-color: #545b62;
+  border-color: #4e555b;
+}
+
+.btn-secondary:not(:disabled):not(.disabled):active:focus, .btn-secondary:not(:disabled):not(.disabled).active:focus,
+.show > .btn-secondary.dropdown-toggle:focus {
+  box-shadow: 0 0 0 0.2rem rgba(108, 117, 125, 0.5);
+}
+
+.btn-success {
+  color: #fff;
+  background-color: #28a745;
+  border-color: #28a745;
+}
+
+.btn-success:hover {
+  color: #fff;
+  background-color: #218838;
+  border-color: #1e7e34;
+}
+
+.btn-success:focus, .btn-success.focus {
+  box-shadow: 0 0 0 0.2rem rgba(40, 167, 69, 0.5);
+}
+
+.btn-success.disabled, .btn-success:disabled {
+  color: #fff;
+  background-color: #28a745;
+  border-color: #28a745;
+}
+
+.btn-success:not(:disabled):not(.disabled):active, .btn-success:not(:disabled):not(.disabled).active,
+.show > .btn-success.dropdown-toggle {
+  color: #fff;
+  background-color: #1e7e34;
+  border-color: #1c7430;
+}
+
+.btn-success:not(:disabled):not(.disabled):active:focus, .btn-success:not(:disabled):not(.disabled).active:focus,
+.show > .btn-success.dropdown-toggle:focus {
+  box-shadow: 0 0 0 0.2rem rgba(40, 167, 69, 0.5);
+}
+
+.btn-info {
+  color: #fff;
+  background-color: #17a2b8;
+  border-color: #17a2b8;
+}
+
+.btn-info:hover {
+  color: #fff;
+  background-color: #138496;
+  border-color: #117a8b;
+}
+
+.btn-info:focus, .btn-info.focus {
+  box-shadow: 0 0 0 0.2rem rgba(23, 162, 184, 0.5);
+}
+
+.btn-info.disabled, .btn-info:disabled {
+  color: #fff;
+  background-color: #17a2b8;
+  border-color: #17a2b8;
+}
+
+.btn-info:not(:disabled):not(.disabled):active, .btn-info:not(:disabled):not(.disabled).active,
+.show > .btn-info.dropdown-toggle {
+  color: #fff;
+  background-color: #117a8b;
+  border-color: #10707f;
+}
+
+.btn-info:not(:disabled):not(.disabled):active:focus, .btn-info:not(:disabled):not(.disabled).active:focus,
+.show > .btn-info.dropdown-toggle:focus {
+  box-shadow: 0 0 0 0.2rem rgba(23, 162, 184, 0.5);
+}
+
+.btn-warning {
+  color: #212529;
+  background-color: #ffc107;
+  border-color: #ffc107;
+}
+
+.btn-warning:hover {
+  color: #212529;
+  background-color: #e0a800;
+  border-color: #d39e00;
+}
+
+.btn-warning:focus, .btn-warning.focus {
+  box-shadow: 0 0 0 0.2rem rgba(255, 193, 7, 0.5);
+}
+
+.btn-warning.disabled, .btn-warning:disabled {
+  color: #212529;
+  background-color: #ffc107;
+  border-color: #ffc107;
+}
+
+.btn-warning:not(:disabled):not(.disabled):active, .btn-warning:not(:disabled):not(.disabled).active,
+.show > .btn-warning.dropdown-toggle {
+  color: #212529;
+  background-color: #d39e00;
+  border-color: #c69500;
+}
+
+.btn-warning:not(:disabled):not(.disabled):active:focus, .btn-warning:not(:disabled):not(.disabled).active:focus,
+.show > .btn-warning.dropdown-toggle:focus {
+  box-shadow: 0 0 0 0.2rem rgba(255, 193, 7, 0.5);
+}
+
+.btn-danger {
+  color: #fff;
+  background-color: #dc3545;
+  border-color: #dc3545;
+}
+
+.btn-danger:hover {
+  color: #fff;
+  background-color: #c82333;
+  border-color: #bd2130;
+}
+
+.btn-danger:focus, .btn-danger.focus {
+  box-shadow: 0 0 0 0.2rem rgba(220, 53, 69, 0.5);
+}
+
+.btn-danger.disabled, .btn-danger:disabled {
+  color: #fff;
+  background-color: #dc3545;
+  border-color: #dc3545;
+}
+
+.btn-danger:not(:disabled):not(.disabled):active, .btn-danger:not(:disabled):not(.disabled).active,
+.show > .btn-danger.dropdown-toggle {
+  color: #fff;
+  background-color: #bd2130;
+  border-color: #b21f2d;
+}
+
+.btn-danger:not(:disabled):not(.disabled):active:focus, .btn-danger:not(:disabled):not(.disabled).active:focus,
+.show > .btn-danger.dropdown-toggle:focus {
+  box-shadow: 0 0 0 0.2rem rgba(220, 53, 69, 0.5);
+}
+
+.btn-light {
+  color: #212529;
+  background-color: #f8f9fa;
+  border-color: #f8f9fa;
+}
+
+.btn-light:hover {
+  color: #212529;
+  background-color: #e2e6ea;
+  border-color: #dae0e5;
+}
+
+.btn-light:focus, .btn-light.focus {
+  box-shadow: 0 0 0 0.2rem rgba(248, 249, 250, 0.5);
+}
+
+.btn-light.disabled, .btn-light:disabled {
+  color: #212529;
+  background-color: #f8f9fa;
+  border-color: #f8f9fa;
+}
+
+.btn-light:not(:disabled):not(.disabled):active, .btn-light:not(:disabled):not(.disabled).active,
+.show > .btn-light.dropdown-toggle {
+  color: #212529;
+  background-color: #dae0e5;
+  border-color: #d3d9df;
+}
+
+.btn-light:not(:disabled):not(.disabled):active:focus, .btn-light:not(:disabled):not(.disabled).active:focus,
+.show > .btn-light.dropdown-toggle:focus {
+  box-shadow: 0 0 0 0.2rem rgba(248, 249, 250, 0.5);
+}
+
+.btn-dark {
+  color: #fff;
+  background-color: #343a40;
+  border-color: #343a40;
+}
+
+.btn-dark:hover {
+  color: #fff;
+  background-color: #23272b;
+  border-color: #1d2124;
+}
+
+.btn-dark:focus, .btn-dark.focus {
+  box-shadow: 0 0 0 0.2rem rgba(52, 58, 64, 0.5);
+}
+
+.btn-dark.disabled, .btn-dark:disabled {
+  color: #fff;
+  background-color: #343a40;
+  border-color: #343a40;
+}
+
+.btn-dark:not(:disabled):not(.disabled):active, .btn-dark:not(:disabled):not(.disabled).active,
+.show > .btn-dark.dropdown-toggle {
+  color: #fff;
+  background-color: #1d2124;
+  border-color: #171a1d;
+}
+
+.btn-dark:not(:disabled):not(.disabled):active:focus, .btn-dark:not(:disabled):not(.disabled).active:focus,
+.show > .btn-dark.dropdown-toggle:focus {
+  box-shadow: 0 0 0 0.2rem rgba(52, 58, 64, 0.5);
+}
+
+.btn-outline-primary {
+  color: #007bff;
+  background-color: transparent;
+  background-image: none;
+  border-color: #007bff;
+}
+
+.btn-outline-primary:hover {
+  color: #fff;
+  background-color: #007bff;
+  border-color: #007bff;
+}
+
+.btn-outline-primary:focus, .btn-outline-primary.focus {
+  box-shadow: 0 0 0 0.2rem rgba(0, 123, 255, 0.5);
+}
+
+.btn-outline-primary.disabled, .btn-outline-primary:disabled {
+  color: #007bff;
+  background-color: transparent;
+}
+
+.btn-outline-primary:not(:disabled):not(.disabled):active, .btn-outline-primary:not(:disabled):not(.disabled).active,
+.show > .btn-outline-primary.dropdown-toggle {
+  color: #fff;
+  background-color: #007bff;
+  border-color: #007bff;
+}
+
+.btn-outline-primary:not(:disabled):not(.disabled):active:focus, .btn-outline-primary:not(:disabled):not(.disabled).active:focus,
+.show > .btn-outline-primary.dropdown-toggle:focus {
+  box-shadow: 0 0 0 0.2rem rgba(0, 123, 255, 0.5);
+}
+
+.btn-outline-secondary {
+  color: #6c757d;
+  background-color: transparent;
+  background-image: none;
+  border-color: #6c757d;
+}
+
+.btn-outline-secondary:hover {
+  color: #fff;
+  background-color: #6c757d;
+  border-color: #6c757d;
+}
+
+.btn-outline-secondary:focus, .btn-outline-secondary.focus {
+  box-shadow: 0 0 0 0.2rem rgba(108, 117, 125, 0.5);
+}
+
+.btn-outline-secondary.disabled, .btn-outline-secondary:disabled {
+  color: #6c757d;
+  background-color: transparent;
+}
+
+.btn-outline-secondary:not(:disabled):not(.disabled):active, .btn-outline-secondary:not(:disabled):not(.disabled).active,
+.show > .btn-outline-secondary.dropdown-toggle {
+  color: #fff;
+  background-color: #6c757d;
+  border-color: #6c757d;
+}
+
+.btn-outline-secondary:not(:disabled):not(.disabled):active:focus, .btn-outline-secondary:not(:disabled):not(.disabled).active:focus,
+.show > .btn-outline-secondary.dropdown-toggle:focus {
+  box-shadow: 0 0 0 0.2rem rgba(108, 117, 125, 0.5);
+}
+
+.btn-outline-success {
+  color: #28a745;
+  background-color: transparent;
+  background-image: none;
+  border-color: #28a745;
+}
+
+.btn-outline-success:hover {
+  color: #fff;
+  background-color: #28a745;
+  border-color: #28a745;
+}
+
+.btn-outline-success:focus, .btn-outline-success.focus {
+  box-shadow: 0 0 0 0.2rem rgba(40, 167, 69, 0.5);
+}
+
+.btn-outline-success.disabled, .btn-outline-success:disabled {
+  color: #28a745;
+  background-color: transparent;
+}
+
+.btn-outline-success:not(:disabled):not(.disabled):active, .btn-outline-success:not(:disabled):not(.disabled).active,
+.show > .btn-outline-success.dropdown-toggle {
+  color: #fff;
+  background-color: #28a745;
+  border-color: #28a745;
+}
+
+.btn-outline-success:not(:disabled):not(.disabled):active:focus, .btn-outline-success:not(:disabled):not(.disabled).active:focus,
+.show > .btn-outline-success.dropdown-toggle:focus {
+  box-shadow: 0 0 0 0.2rem rgba(40, 167, 69, 0.5);
+}
+
+.btn-outline-info {
+  color: #17a2b8;
+  background-color: transparent;
+  background-image: none;
+  border-color: #17a2b8;
+}
+
+.btn-outline-info:hover {
+  color: #fff;
+  background-color: #17a2b8;
+  border-color: #17a2b8;
+}
+
+.btn-outline-info:focus, .btn-outline-info.focus {
+  box-shadow: 0 0 0 0.2rem rgba(23, 162, 184, 0.5);
+}
+
+.btn-outline-info.disabled, .btn-outline-info:disabled {
+  color: #17a2b8;
+  background-color: transparent;
+}
+
+.btn-outline-info:not(:disabled):not(.disabled):active, .btn-outline-info:not(:disabled):not(.disabled).active,
+.show > .btn-outline-info.dropdown-toggle {
+  color: #fff;
+  background-color: #17a2b8;
+  border-color: #17a2b8;
+}
+
+.btn-outline-info:not(:disabled):not(.disabled):active:focus, .btn-outline-info:not(:disabled):not(.disabled).active:focus,
+.show > .btn-outline-info.dropdown-toggle:focus {
+  box-shadow: 0 0 0 0.2rem rgba(23, 162, 184, 0.5);
+}
+
+.btn-outline-warning {
+  color: #ffc107;
+  background-color: transparent;
+  background-image: none;
+  border-color: #ffc107;
+}
+
+.btn-outline-warning:hover {
+  color: #212529;
+  background-color: #ffc107;
+  border-color: #ffc107;
+}
+
+.btn-outline-warning:focus, .btn-outline-warning.focus {
+  box-shadow: 0 0 0 0.2rem rgba(255, 193, 7, 0.5);
+}
+
+.btn-outline-warning.disabled, .btn-outline-warning:disabled {
+  color: #ffc107;
+  background-color: transparent;
+}
+
+.btn-outline-warning:not(:disabled):not(.disabled):active, .btn-outline-warning:not(:disabled):not(.disabled).active,
+.show > .btn-outline-warning.dropdown-toggle {
+  color: #212529;
+  background-color: #ffc107;
+  border-color: #ffc107;
+}
+
+.btn-outline-warning:not(:disabled):not(.disabled):active:focus, .btn-outline-warning:not(:disabled):not(.disabled).active:focus,
+.show > .btn-outline-warning.dropdown-toggle:focus {
+  box-shadow: 0 0 0 0.2rem rgba(255, 193, 7, 0.5);
+}
+
+.btn-outline-danger {
+  color: #dc3545;
+  background-color: transparent;
+  background-image: none;
+  border-color: #dc3545;
+}
+
+.btn-outline-danger:hover {
+  color: #fff;
+  background-color: #dc3545;
+  border-color: #dc3545;
+}
+
+.btn-outline-danger:focus, .btn-outline-danger.focus {
+  box-shadow: 0 0 0 0.2rem rgba(220, 53, 69, 0.5);
+}
+
+.btn-outline-danger.disabled, .btn-outline-danger:disabled {
+  color: #dc3545;
+  background-color: transparent;
+}
+
+.btn-outline-danger:not(:disabled):not(.disabled):active, .btn-outline-danger:not(:disabled):not(.disabled).active,
+.show > .btn-outline-danger.dropdown-toggle {
+  color: #fff;
+  background-color: #dc3545;
+  border-color: #dc3545;
+}
+
+.btn-outline-danger:not(:disabled):not(.disabled):active:focus, .btn-outline-danger:not(:disabled):not(.disabled).active:focus,
+.show > .btn-outline-danger.dropdown-toggle:focus {
+  box-shadow: 0 0 0 0.2rem rgba(220, 53, 69, 0.5);
+}
+
+.btn-outline-light {
+  color: #f8f9fa;
+  background-color: transparent;
+  background-image: none;
+  border-color: #f8f9fa;
+}
+
+.btn-outline-light:hover {
+  color: #212529;
+  background-color: #f8f9fa;
+  border-color: #f8f9fa;
+}
+
+.btn-outline-light:focus, .btn-outline-light.focus {
+  box-shadow: 0 0 0 0.2rem rgba(248, 249, 250, 0.5);
+}
+
+.btn-outline-light.disabled, .btn-outline-light:disabled {
+  color: #f8f9fa;
+  background-color: transparent;
+}
+
+.btn-outline-light:not(:disabled):not(.disabled):active, .btn-outline-light:not(:disabled):not(.disabled).active,
+.show > .btn-outline-light.dropdown-toggle {
+  color: #212529;
+  background-color: #f8f9fa;
+  border-color: #f8f9fa;
+}
+
+.btn-outline-light:not(:disabled):not(.disabled):active:focus, .btn-outline-light:not(:disabled):not(.disabled).active:focus,
+.show > .btn-outline-light.dropdown-toggle:focus {
+  box-shadow: 0 0 0 0.2rem rgba(248, 249, 250, 0.5);
+}
+
+.btn-outline-dark {
+  color: #343a40;
+  background-color: transparent;
+  background-image: none;
+  border-color: #343a40;
+}
+
+.btn-outline-dark:hover {
+  color: #fff;
+  background-color: #343a40;
+  border-color: #343a40;
+}
+
+.btn-outline-dark:focus, .btn-outline-dark.focus {
+  box-shadow: 0 0 0 0.2rem rgba(52, 58, 64, 0.5);
+}
+
+.btn-outline-dark.disabled, .btn-outline-dark:disabled {
+  color: #343a40;
+  background-color: transparent;
+}
+
+.btn-outline-dark:not(:disabled):not(.disabled):active, .btn-outline-dark:not(:disabled):not(.disabled).active,
+.show > .btn-outline-dark.dropdown-toggle {
+  color: #fff;
+  background-color: #343a40;
+  border-color: #343a40;
+}
+
+.btn-outline-dark:not(:disabled):not(.disabled):active:focus, .btn-outline-dark:not(:disabled):not(.disabled).active:focus,
+.show > .btn-outline-dark.dropdown-toggle:focus {
+  box-shadow: 0 0 0 0.2rem rgba(52, 58, 64, 0.5);
+}
+
+.btn-link {
+  font-weight: 400;
+  color: #007bff;
+  background-color: transparent;
+}
+
+.btn-link:hover {
+  color: #0056b3;
+  text-decoration: underline;
+  background-color: transparent;
+  border-color: transparent;
+}
+
+.btn-link:focus, .btn-link.focus {
+  text-decoration: underline;
+  border-color: transparent;
+  box-shadow: none;
+}
+
+.btn-link:disabled, .btn-link.disabled {
+  color: #6c757d;
+}
+
+.btn-lg, .btn-group-lg > .btn {
+  padding: 0.5rem 1rem;
+  font-size: 1.25rem;
+  line-height: 1.5;
+  border-radius: 0.3rem;
+}
+
+.btn-sm, .btn-group-sm > .btn {
+  padding: 0.25rem 0.5rem;
+  font-size: 0.875rem;
+  line-height: 1.5;
+  border-radius: 0.2rem;
+}
+
+.btn-block {
+  display: block;
+  width: 100%;
+}
+
+.btn-block + .btn-block {
+  margin-top: 0.5rem;
+}
+
+input[type="submit"].btn-block,
+input[type="reset"].btn-block,
+input[type="button"].btn-block {
+  width: 100%;
+}
+
+.fade {
+  opacity: 0;
+  transition: opacity 0.15s linear;
+}
+
+.fade.show {
+  opacity: 1;
+}
+
+.collapse {
+  display: none;
+}
+
+.collapse.show {
+  display: block;
+}
+
+tr.collapse.show {
+  display: table-row;
+}
+
+tbody.collapse.show {
+  display: table-row-group;
+}
+
+.collapsing {
+  position: relative;
+  height: 0;
+  overflow: hidden;
+  transition: height 0.35s ease;
+}
+
+.dropup,
+.dropdown {
+  position: relative;
+}
+
+.dropdown-toggle::after {
+  display: inline-block;
+  width: 0;
+  height: 0;
+  margin-left: 0.255em;
+  vertical-align: 0.255em;
+  content: "";
+  border-top: 0.3em solid;
+  border-right: 0.3em solid transparent;
+  border-bottom: 0;
+  border-left: 0.3em solid transparent;
+}
+
+.dropdown-toggle:empty::after {
+  margin-left: 0;
+}
+
+.dropdown-menu {
+  position: absolute;
+  top: 100%;
+  left: 0;
+  z-index: 1000;
+  display: none;
+  float: left;
+  min-width: 10rem;
+  padding: 0.5rem 0;
+  margin: 0.125rem 0 0;
+  font-size: 1rem;
+  color: #212529;
+  text-align: left;
+  list-style: none;
+  background-color: #fff;
+  background-clip: padding-box;
+  border: 1px solid rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.15);
+  border-radius: 0.25rem;
+}
+
+.dropup .dropdown-menu {
+  margin-top: 0;
+  margin-bottom: 0.125rem;
+}
+
+.dropup .dropdown-toggle::after {
+  display: inline-block;
+  width: 0;
+  height: 0;
+  margin-left: 0.255em;
+  vertical-align: 0.255em;
+  content: "";
+  border-top: 0;
+  border-right: 0.3em solid transparent;
+  border-bottom: 0.3em solid;
+  border-left: 0.3em solid transparent;
+}
+
+.dropup .dropdown-toggle:empty::after {
+  margin-left: 0;
+}
+
+.dropright .dropdown-menu {
+  margin-top: 0;
+  margin-left: 0.125rem;
+}
+
+.dropright .dropdown-toggle::after {
+  display: inline-block;
+  width: 0;
+  height: 0;
+  margin-left: 0.255em;
+  vertical-align: 0.255em;
+  content: "";
+  border-top: 0.3em solid transparent;
+  border-bottom: 0.3em solid transparent;
+  border-left: 0.3em solid;
+}
+
+.dropright .dropdown-toggle:empty::after {
+  margin-left: 0;
+}
+
+.dropright .dropdown-toggle::after {
+  vertical-align: 0;
+}
+
+.dropleft .dropdown-menu {
+  margin-top: 0;
+  margin-right: 0.125rem;
+}
+
+.dropleft .dropdown-toggle::after {
+  display: inline-block;
+  width: 0;
+  height: 0;
+  margin-left: 0.255em;
+  vertical-align: 0.255em;
+  content: "";
+}
+
+.dropleft .dropdown-toggle::after {
+  display: none;
+}
+
+.dropleft .dropdown-toggle::before {
+  display: inline-block;
+  width: 0;
+  height: 0;
+  margin-right: 0.255em;
+  vertical-align: 0.255em;
+  content: "";
+  border-top: 0.3em solid transparent;
+  border-right: 0.3em solid;
+  border-bottom: 0.3em solid transparent;
+}
+
+.dropleft .dropdown-toggle:empty::after {
+  margin-left: 0;
+}
+
+.dropleft .dropdown-toggle::before {
+  vertical-align: 0;
+}
+
+.dropdown-divider {
+  height: 0;
+  margin: 0.5rem 0;
+  overflow: hidden;
+  border-top: 1px solid #e9ecef;
+}
+
+.dropdown-item {
+  display: block;
+  width: 100%;
+  padding: 0.25rem 1.5rem;
+  clear: both;
+  font-weight: 400;
+  color: #212529;
+  text-align: inherit;
+  white-space: nowrap;
+  background-color: transparent;
+  border: 0;
+}
+
+.dropdown-item:hover, .dropdown-item:focus {
+  color: #16181b;
+  text-decoration: none;
+  background-color: #f8f9fa;
+}
+
+.dropdown-item.active, .dropdown-item:active {
+  color: #fff;
+  text-decoration: none;
+  background-color: #007bff;
+}
+
+.dropdown-item.disabled, .dropdown-item:disabled {
+  color: #6c757d;
+  background-color: transparent;
+}
+
+.dropdown-menu.show {
+  display: block;
+}
+
+.dropdown-header {
+  display: block;
+  padding: 0.5rem 1.5rem;
+  margin-bottom: 0;
+  font-size: 0.875rem;
+  color: #6c757d;
+  white-space: nowrap;
+}
+
+.btn-group,
+.btn-group-vertical {
+  position: relative;
+  display: -webkit-inline-box;
+  display: -ms-inline-flexbox;
+  display: inline-flex;
+  vertical-align: middle;
+}
+
+.btn-group > .btn,
+.btn-group-vertical > .btn {
+  position: relative;
+  -webkit-box-flex: 0;
+  -ms-flex: 0 1 auto;
+  flex: 0 1 auto;
+}
+
+.btn-group > .btn:hover,
+.btn-group-vertical > .btn:hover {
+  z-index: 1;
+}
+
+.btn-group > .btn:focus, .btn-group > .btn:active, .btn-group > .btn.active,
+.btn-group-vertical > .btn:focus,
+.btn-group-vertical > .btn:active,
+.btn-group-vertical > .btn.active {
+  z-index: 1;
+}
+
+.btn-group .btn + .btn,
+.btn-group .btn + .btn-group,
+.btn-group .btn-group + .btn,
+.btn-group .btn-group + .btn-group,
+.btn-group-vertical .btn + .btn,
+.btn-group-vertical .btn + .btn-group,
+.btn-group-vertical .btn-group + .btn,
+.btn-group-vertical .btn-group + .btn-group {
+  margin-left: -1px;
+}
+
+.btn-toolbar {
+  display: -webkit-box;
+  display: -ms-flexbox;
+  display: flex;
+  -ms-flex-wrap: wrap;
+  flex-wrap: wrap;
+  -webkit-box-pack: start;
+  -ms-flex-pack: start;
+  justify-content: flex-start;
+}
+
+.btn-toolbar .input-group {
+  width: auto;
+}
+
+.btn-group > .btn:first-child {
+  margin-left: 0;
+}
+
+.btn-group > .btn:not(:last-child):not(.dropdown-toggle),
+.btn-group > .btn-group:not(:last-child) > .btn {
+  border-top-right-radius: 0;
+  border-bottom-right-radius: 0;
+}
+
+.btn-group > .btn:not(:first-child),
+.btn-group > .btn-group:not(:first-child) > .btn {
+  border-top-left-radius: 0;
+  border-bottom-left-radius: 0;
+}
+
+.dropdown-toggle-split {
+  padding-right: 0.5625rem;
+  padding-left: 0.5625rem;
+}
+
+.dropdown-toggle-split::after {
+  margin-left: 0;
+}
+
+.btn-sm + .dropdown-toggle-split, .btn-group-sm > .btn + .dropdown-toggle-split {
+  padding-right: 0.375rem;
+  padding-left: 0.375rem;
+}
+
+.btn-lg + .dropdown-toggle-split, .btn-group-lg > .btn + .dropdown-toggle-split {
+  padding-right: 0.75rem;
+  padding-left: 0.75rem;
+}
+
+.btn-group-vertical {
+  -webkit-box-orient: vertical;
+  -webkit-box-direction: normal;
+  -ms-flex-direction: column;
+  flex-direction: column;
+  -webkit-box-align: start;
+  -ms-flex-align: start;
+  align-items: flex-start;
+  -webkit-box-pack: center;
+  -ms-flex-pack: center;
+  justify-content: center;
+}
+
+.btn-group-vertical .btn,
+.btn-group-vertical .btn-group {
+  width: 100%;
+}
+
+.btn-group-vertical > .btn + .btn,
+.btn-group-vertical > .btn + .btn-group,
+.btn-group-vertical > .btn-group + .btn,
+.btn-group-vertical > .btn-group + .btn-group {
+  margin-top: -1px;
+  margin-left: 0;
+}
+
+.btn-group-vertical > .btn:not(:last-child):not(.dropdown-toggle),
+.btn-group-vertical > .btn-group:not(:last-child) > .btn {
+  border-bottom-right-radius: 0;
+  border-bottom-left-radius: 0;
+}
+
+.btn-group-vertical > .btn:not(:first-child),
+.btn-group-vertical > .btn-group:not(:first-child) > .btn {
+  border-top-left-radius: 0;
+  border-top-right-radius: 0;
+}
+
+.btn-group-toggle > .btn,
+.btn-group-toggle > .btn-group > .btn {
+  margin-bottom: 0;
+}
+
+.btn-group-toggle > .btn input[type="radio"],
+.btn-group-toggle > .btn input[type="checkbox"],
+.btn-group-toggle > .btn-group > .btn input[type="radio"],
+.btn-group-toggle > .btn-group > .btn input[type="checkbox"] {
+  position: absolute;
+  clip: rect(0, 0, 0, 0);
+  pointer-events: none;
+}
+
+.input-group {
+  position: relative;
+  display: -webkit-box;
+  display: -ms-flexbox;
+  display: flex;
+  -ms-flex-wrap: wrap;
+  flex-wrap: wrap;
+  -webkit-box-align: stretch;
+  -ms-flex-align: stretch;
+  align-items: stretch;
+  width: 100%;
+}
+
+.input-group > .form-control,
+.input-group > .custom-select,
+.input-group > .custom-file {
+  position: relative;
+  -webkit-box-flex: 1;
+  -ms-flex: 1 1 auto;
+  flex: 1 1 auto;
+  width: 1%;
+  margin-bottom: 0;
+}
+
+.input-group > .form-control:focus,
+.input-group > .custom-select:focus,
+.input-group > .custom-file:focus {
+  z-index: 3;
+}
+
+.input-group > .form-control + .form-control,
+.input-group > .form-control + .custom-select,
+.input-group > .form-control + .custom-file,
+.input-group > .custom-select + .form-control,
+.input-group > .custom-select + .custom-select,
+.input-group > .custom-select + .custom-file,
+.input-group > .custom-file + .form-control,
+.input-group > .custom-file + .custom-select,
+.input-group > .custom-file + .custom-file {
+  margin-left: -1px;
+}
+
+.input-group > .form-control:not(:last-child),
+.input-group > .custom-select:not(:last-child) {
+  border-top-right-radius: 0;
+  border-bottom-right-radius: 0;
+}
+
+.input-group > .form-control:not(:first-child),
+.input-group > .custom-select:not(:first-child) {
+  border-top-left-radius: 0;
+  border-bottom-left-radius: 0;
+}
+
+.input-group > .custom-file {
+  display: -webkit-box;
+  display: -ms-flexbox;
+  display: flex;
+  -webkit-box-align: center;
+  -ms-flex-align: center;
+  align-items: center;
+}
+
+.input-group > .custom-file:not(:last-child) .custom-file-label,
+.input-group > .custom-file:not(:last-child) .custom-file-label::before {
+  border-top-right-radius: 0;
+  border-bottom-right-radius: 0;
+}
+
+.input-group > .custom-file:not(:first-child) .custom-file-label,
+.input-group > .custom-file:not(:first-child) .custom-file-label::before {
+  border-top-left-radius: 0;
+  border-bottom-left-radius: 0;
+}
+
+.input-group-prepend,
+.input-group-append {
+  display: -webkit-box;
+  display: -ms-flexbox;
+  display: flex;
+}
+
+.input-group-prepend .btn,
+.input-group-append .btn {
+  position: relative;
+  z-index: 2;
+}
+
+.input-group-prepend .btn + .btn,
+.input-group-prepend .btn + .input-group-text,
+.input-group-prepend .input-group-text + .input-group-text,
+.input-group-prepend .input-group-text + .btn,
+.input-group-append .btn + .btn,
+.input-group-append .btn + .input-group-text,
+.input-group-append .input-group-text + .input-group-text,
+.input-group-append .input-group-text + .btn {
+  margin-left: -1px;
+}
+
+.input-group-prepend {
+  margin-right: -1px;
+}
+
+.input-group-append {
+  margin-left: -1px;
+}
+
+.input-group-text {
+  display: -webkit-box;
+  display: -ms-flexbox;
+  display: flex;
+  -webkit-box-align: center;
+  -ms-flex-align: center;
+  align-items: center;
+  padding: 0.375rem 0.75rem;
+  margin-bottom: 0;
+  font-size: 1rem;
+  font-weight: 400;
+  line-height: 1.5;
+  color: #495057;
+  text-align: center;
+  white-space: nowrap;
+  background-color: #e9ecef;
+  border: 1px solid #ced4da;
+  border-radius: 0.25rem;
+}
+
+.input-group-text input[type="radio"],
+.input-group-text input[type="checkbox"] {
+  margin-top: 0;
+}
+
+.input-group > .input-group-prepend > .btn,
+.input-group > .input-group-prepend > .input-group-text,
+.input-group > .input-group-append:not(:last-child) > .btn,
+.input-group > .input-group-append:not(:last-child) > .input-group-text,
+.input-group > .input-group-append:last-child > .btn:not(:last-child):not(.dropdown-toggle),
+.input-group > .input-group-append:last-child > .input-group-text:not(:last-child) {
+  border-top-right-radius: 0;
+  border-bottom-right-radius: 0;
+}
+
+.input-group > .input-group-append > .btn,
+.input-group > .input-group-append > .input-group-text,
+.input-group > .input-group-prepend:not(:first-child) > .btn,
+.input-group > .input-group-prepend:not(:first-child) > .input-group-text,
+.input-group > .input-group-prepend:first-child > .btn:not(:first-child),
+.input-group > .input-group-prepend:first-child > .input-group-text:not(:first-child) {
+  border-top-left-radius: 0;
+  border-bottom-left-radius: 0;
+}
+
+.custom-control {
+  position: relative;
+  display: block;
+  min-height: 1.5rem;
+  padding-left: 1.5rem;
+}
+
+.custom-control-inline {
+  display: -webkit-inline-box;
+  display: -ms-inline-flexbox;
+  display: inline-flex;
+  margin-right: 1rem;
+}
+
+.custom-control-input {
+  position: absolute;
+  z-index: -1;
+  opacity: 0;
+}
+
+.custom-control-input:checked ~ .custom-control-label::before {
+  color: #fff;
+  background-color: #007bff;
+}
+
+.custom-control-input:focus ~ .custom-control-label::before {
+  box-shadow: 0 0 0 1px #fff, 0 0 0 0.2rem rgba(0, 123, 255, 0.25);
+}
+
+.custom-control-input:active ~ .custom-control-label::before {
+  color: #fff;
+  background-color: #b3d7ff;
+}
+
+.custom-control-input:disabled ~ .custom-control-label {
+  color: #6c757d;
+}
+
+.custom-control-input:disabled ~ .custom-control-label::before {
+  background-color: #e9ecef;
+}
+
+.custom-control-label {
+  margin-bottom: 0;
+}
+
+.custom-control-label::before {
+  position: absolute;
+  top: 0.25rem;
+  left: 0;
+  display: block;
+  width: 1rem;
+  height: 1rem;
+  pointer-events: none;
+  content: "";
+  -webkit-user-select: none;
+  -moz-user-select: none;
+  -ms-user-select: none;
+  user-select: none;
+  background-color: #dee2e6;
+}
+
+.custom-control-label::after {
+  position: absolute;
+  top: 0.25rem;
+  left: 0;
+  display: block;
+  width: 1rem;
+  height: 1rem;
+  content: "";
+  background-repeat: no-repeat;
+  background-position: center center;
+  background-size: 50% 50%;
+}
+
+.custom-checkbox .custom-control-label::before {
+  border-radius: 0.25rem;
+}
+
+.custom-checkbox .custom-control-input:checked ~ .custom-control-label::before {
+  background-color: #007bff;
+}
+
+.custom-checkbox .custom-control-input:checked ~ .custom-control-label::after {
+  background-image: url("data:image/svg+xml;charset=utf8,%3Csvg xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg' viewBox='0 0 8 8'%3E%3Cpath fill='%23fff' d='M6.564.75l-3.59 3.612-1.538-1.55L0 4.26 2.974 7.25 8 2.193z'/%3E%3C/svg%3E");
+}
+
+.custom-checkbox .custom-control-input:indeterminate ~ .custom-control-label::before {
+  background-color: #007bff;
+}
+
+.custom-checkbox .custom-control-input:indeterminate ~ .custom-control-label::after {
+  background-image: url("data:image/svg+xml;charset=utf8,%3Csvg xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg' viewBox='0 0 4 4'%3E%3Cpath stroke='%23fff' d='M0 2h4'/%3E%3C/svg%3E");
+}
+
+.custom-checkbox .custom-control-input:disabled:checked ~ .custom-control-label::before {
+  background-color: rgba(0, 123, 255, 0.5);
+}
+
+.custom-checkbox .custom-control-input:disabled:indeterminate ~ .custom-control-label::before {
+  background-color: rgba(0, 123, 255, 0.5);
+}
+
+.custom-radio .custom-control-label::before {
+  border-radius: 50%;
+}
+
+.custom-radio .custom-control-input:checked ~ .custom-control-label::before {
+  background-color: #007bff;
+}
+
+.custom-radio .custom-control-input:checked ~ .custom-control-label::after {
+  background-image: url("data:image/svg+xml;charset=utf8,%3Csvg xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg' viewBox='-4 -4 8 8'%3E%3Ccircle r='3' fill='%23fff'/%3E%3C/svg%3E");
+}
+
+.custom-radio .custom-control-input:disabled:checked ~ .custom-control-label::before {
+  background-color: rgba(0, 123, 255, 0.5);
+}
+
+.custom-select {
+  display: inline-block;
+  width: 100%;
+  height: calc(2.25rem + 2px);
+  padding: 0.375rem 1.75rem 0.375rem 0.75rem;
+  line-height: 1.5;
+  color: #495057;
+  vertical-align: middle;
+  background: #fff url("data:image/svg+xml;charset=utf8,%3Csvg xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg' viewBox='0 0 4 5'%3E%3Cpath fill='%23343a40' d='M2 0L0 2h4zm0 5L0 3h4z'/%3E%3C/svg%3E") no-repeat right 0.75rem center;
+  background-size: 8px 10px;
+  border: 1px solid #ced4da;
+  border-radius: 0.25rem;
+  -webkit-appearance: none;
+  -moz-appearance: none;
+  appearance: none;
+}
+
+.custom-select:focus {
+  border-color: #80bdff;
+  outline: 0;
+  box-shadow: inset 0 1px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.075), 0 0 5px rgba(128, 189, 255, 0.5);
+}
+
+.custom-select:focus::-ms-value {
+  color: #495057;
+  background-color: #fff;
+}
+
+.custom-select[multiple], .custom-select[size]:not([size="1"]) {
+  height: auto;
+  padding-right: 0.75rem;
+  background-image: none;
+}
+
+.custom-select:disabled {
+  color: #6c757d;
+  background-color: #e9ecef;
+}
+
+.custom-select::-ms-expand {
+  opacity: 0;
+}
+
+.custom-select-sm {
+  height: calc(1.8125rem + 2px);
+  padding-top: 0.375rem;
+  padding-bottom: 0.375rem;
+  font-size: 75%;
+}
+
+.custom-select-lg {
+  height: calc(2.875rem + 2px);
+  padding-top: 0.375rem;
+  padding-bottom: 0.375rem;
+  font-size: 125%;
+}
+
+.custom-file {
+  position: relative;
+  display: inline-block;
+  width: 100%;
+  height: calc(2.25rem + 2px);
+  margin-bottom: 0;
+}
+
+.custom-file-input {
+  position: relative;
+  z-index: 2;
+  width: 100%;
+  height: calc(2.25rem + 2px);
+  margin: 0;
+  opacity: 0;
+}
+
+.custom-file-input:focus ~ .custom-file-control {
+  border-color: #80bdff;
+  box-shadow: 0 0 0 0.2rem rgba(0, 123, 255, 0.25);
+}
+
+.custom-file-input:focus ~ .custom-file-control::before {
+  border-color: #80bdff;
+}
+
+.custom-file-input:lang(en) ~ .custom-file-label::after {
+  content: "Browse";
+}
+
+.custom-file-label {
+  position: absolute;
+  top: 0;
+  right: 0;
+  left: 0;
+  z-index: 1;
+  height: calc(2.25rem + 2px);
+  padding: 0.375rem 0.75rem;
+  line-height: 1.5;
+  color: #495057;
+  background-color: #fff;
+  border: 1px solid #ced4da;
+  border-radius: 0.25rem;
+}
+
+.custom-file-label::after {
+  position: absolute;
+  top: 0;
+  right: 0;
+  bottom: 0;
+  z-index: 3;
+  display: block;
+  height: calc(calc(2.25rem + 2px) - 1px * 2);
+  padding: 0.375rem 0.75rem;
+  line-height: 1.5;
+  color: #495057;
+  content: "Browse";
+  background-color: #e9ecef;
+  border-left: 1px solid #ced4da;
+  border-radius: 0 0.25rem 0.25rem 0;
+}
+
+.nav {
+  display: -webkit-box;
+  display: -ms-flexbox;
+  display: flex;
+  -ms-flex-wrap: wrap;
+  flex-wrap: wrap;
+  padding-left: 0;
+  margin-bottom: 0;
+  list-style: none;
+}
+
+.nav-link {
+  display: block;
+  padding: 0.5rem 1rem;
+}
+
+.nav-link:hover, .nav-link:focus {
+  text-decoration: none;
+}
+
+.nav-link.disabled {
+  color: #6c757d;
+}
+
+.nav-tabs {
+  border-bottom: 1px solid #dee2e6;
+}
+
+.nav-tabs .nav-item {
+  margin-bottom: -1px;
+}
+
+.nav-tabs .nav-link {
+  border: 1px solid transparent;
+  border-top-left-radius: 0.25rem;
+  border-top-right-radius: 0.25rem;
+}
+
+.nav-tabs .nav-link:hover, .nav-tabs .nav-link:focus {
+  border-color: #e9ecef #e9ecef #dee2e6;
+}
+
+.nav-tabs .nav-link.disabled {
+  color: #6c757d;
+  background-color: transparent;
+  border-color: transparent;
+}
+
+.nav-tabs .nav-link.active,
+.nav-tabs .nav-item.show .nav-link {
+  color: #495057;
+  background-color: #fff;
+  border-color: #dee2e6 #dee2e6 #fff;
+}
+
+.nav-tabs .dropdown-menu {
+  margin-top: -1px;
+  border-top-left-radius: 0;
+  border-top-right-radius: 0;
+}
+
+.nav-pills .nav-link {
+  border-radius: 0.25rem;
+}
+
+.nav-pills .nav-link.active,
+.nav-pills .show > .nav-link {
+  color: #fff;
+  background-color: #007bff;
+}
+
+.nav-fill .nav-item {
+  -webkit-box-flex: 1;
+  -ms-flex: 1 1 auto;
+  flex: 1 1 auto;
+  text-align: center;
+}
+
+.nav-justified .nav-item {
+  -ms-flex-preferred-size: 0;
+  flex-basis: 0;
+  -webkit-box-flex: 1;
+  -ms-flex-positive: 1;
+  flex-grow: 1;
+  text-align: center;
+}
+
+.tab-content > .tab-pane {
+  display: none;
+}
+
+.tab-content > .active {
+  display: block;
+}
+
+.navbar {
+  position: relative;
+  display: -webkit-box;
+  display: -ms-flexbox;
+  display: flex;
+  -ms-flex-wrap: wrap;
+  flex-wrap: wrap;
+  -webkit-box-align: center;
+  -ms-flex-align: center;
+  align-items: center;
+  -webkit-box-pack: justify;
+  -ms-flex-pack: justify;
+  justify-content: space-between;
+  padding: 0.5rem 1rem;
+}
+
+.navbar > .container,
+.navbar > .container-fluid {
+  display: -webkit-box;
+  display: -ms-flexbox;
+  display: flex;
+  -ms-flex-wrap: wrap;
+  flex-wrap: wrap;
+  -webkit-box-align: center;
+  -ms-flex-align: center;
+  align-items: center;
+  -webkit-box-pack: justify;
+  -ms-flex-pack: justify;
+  justify-content: space-between;
+}
+
+.navbar-brand {
+  display: inline-block;
+  padding-top: 0.3125rem;
+  padding-bottom: 0.3125rem;
+  margin-right: 1rem;
+  font-size: 1.25rem;
+  line-height: inherit;
+  white-space: nowrap;
+}
+
+.navbar-brand:hover, .navbar-brand:focus {
+  text-decoration: none;
+}
+
+.navbar-nav {
+  display: -webkit-box;
+  display: -ms-flexbox;
+  display: flex;
+  -webkit-box-orient: vertical;
+  -webkit-box-direction: normal;
+  -ms-flex-direction: column;
+  flex-direction: column;
+  padding-left: 0;
+  margin-bottom: 0;
+  list-style: none;
+}
+
+.navbar-nav .nav-link {
+  padding-right: 0;
+  padding-left: 0;
+}
+
+.navbar-nav .dropdown-menu {
+  position: static;
+  float: none;
+}
+
+.navbar-text {
+  display: inline-block;
+  padding-top: 0.5rem;
+  padding-bottom: 0.5rem;
+}
+
+.navbar-collapse {
+  -ms-flex-preferred-size: 100%;
+  flex-basis: 100%;
+  -webkit-box-flex: 1;
+  -ms-flex-positive: 1;
+  flex-grow: 1;
+  -webkit-box-align: center;
+  -ms-flex-align: center;
+  align-items: center;
+}
+
+.navbar-toggler {
+  padding: 0.25rem 0.75rem;
+  font-size: 1.25rem;
+  line-height: 1;
+  background-color: transparent;
+  border: 1px solid transparent;
+  border-radius: 0.25rem;
+}
+
+.navbar-toggler:hover, .navbar-toggler:focus {
+  text-decoration: none;
+}
+
+.navbar-toggler:not(:disabled):not(.disabled) {
+  cursor: pointer;
+}
+
+.navbar-toggler-icon {
+  display: inline-block;
+  width: 1.5em;
+  height: 1.5em;
+  vertical-align: middle;
+  content: "";
+  background: no-repeat center center;
+  background-size: 100% 100%;
+}
+
+@media (max-width: 575.98px) {
+  .navbar-expand-sm > .container,
+  .navbar-expand-sm > .container-fluid {
+    padding-right: 0;
+    padding-left: 0;
+  }
+}
+
+@media (min-width: 576px) {
+  .navbar-expand-sm {
+    -webkit-box-orient: horizontal;
+    -webkit-box-direction: normal;
+    -ms-flex-flow: row nowrap;
+    flex-flow: row nowrap;
+    -webkit-box-pack: start;
+    -ms-flex-pack: start;
+    justify-content: flex-start;
+  }
+  .navbar-expand-sm .navbar-nav {
+    -webkit-box-orient: horizontal;
+    -webkit-box-direction: normal;
+    -ms-flex-direction: row;
+    flex-direction: row;
+  }
+  .navbar-expand-sm .navbar-nav .dropdown-menu {
+    position: absolute;
+  }
+  .navbar-expand-sm .navbar-nav .dropdown-menu-right {
+    right: 0;
+    left: auto;
+  }
+  .navbar-expand-sm .navbar-nav .nav-link {
+    padding-right: 0.5rem;
+    padding-left: 0.5rem;
+  }
+  .navbar-expand-sm > .container,
+  .navbar-expand-sm > .container-fluid {
+    -ms-flex-wrap: nowrap;
+    flex-wrap: nowrap;
+  }
+  .navbar-expand-sm .navbar-collapse {
+    display: -webkit-box !important;
+    display: -ms-flexbox !important;
+    display: flex !important;
+    -ms-flex-preferred-size: auto;
+    flex-basis: auto;
+  }
+  .navbar-expand-sm .navbar-toggler {
+    display: none;
+  }
+  .navbar-expand-sm .dropup .dropdown-menu {
+    top: auto;
+    bottom: 100%;
+  }
+}
+
+@media (max-width: 767.98px) {
+  .navbar-expand-md > .container,
+  .navbar-expand-md > .container-fluid {
+    padding-right: 0;
+    padding-left: 0;
+  }
+}
+
+@media (min-width: 768px) {
+  .navbar-expand-md {
+    -webkit-box-orient: horizontal;
+    -webkit-box-direction: normal;
+    -ms-flex-flow: row nowrap;
+    flex-flow: row nowrap;
+    -webkit-box-pack: start;
+    -ms-flex-pack: start;
+    justify-content: flex-start;
+  }
+  .navbar-expand-md .navbar-nav {
+    -webkit-box-orient: horizontal;
+    -webkit-box-direction: normal;
+    -ms-flex-direction: row;
+    flex-direction: row;
+  }
+  .navbar-expand-md .navbar-nav .dropdown-menu {
+    position: absolute;
+  }
+  .navbar-expand-md .navbar-nav .dropdown-menu-right {
+    right: 0;
+    left: auto;
+  }
+  .navbar-expand-md .navbar-nav .nav-link {
+    padding-right: 0.5rem;
+    padding-left: 0.5rem;
+  }
+  .navbar-expand-md > .container,
+  .navbar-expand-md > .container-fluid {
+    -ms-flex-wrap: nowrap;
+    flex-wrap: nowrap;
+  }
+  .navbar-expand-md .navbar-collapse {
+    display: -webkit-box !important;
+    display: -ms-flexbox !important;
+    display: flex !important;
+    -ms-flex-preferred-size: auto;
+    flex-basis: auto;
+  }
+  .navbar-expand-md .navbar-toggler {
+    display: none;
+  }
+  .navbar-expand-md .dropup .dropdown-menu {
+    top: auto;
+    bottom: 100%;
+  }
+}
+
+@media (max-width: 991.98px) {
+  .navbar-expand-lg > .container,
+  .navbar-expand-lg > .container-fluid {
+    padding-right: 0;
+    padding-left: 0;
+  }
+}
+
+@media (min-width: 992px) {
+  .navbar-expand-lg {
+    -webkit-box-orient: horizontal;
+    -webkit-box-direction: normal;
+    -ms-flex-flow: row nowrap;
+    flex-flow: row nowrap;
+    -webkit-box-pack: start;
+    -ms-flex-pack: start;
+    justify-content: flex-start;
+  }
+  .navbar-expand-lg .navbar-nav {
+    -webkit-box-orient: horizontal;
+    -webkit-box-direction: normal;
+    -ms-flex-direction: row;
+    flex-direction: row;
+  }
+  .navbar-expand-lg .navbar-nav .dropdown-menu {
+    position: absolute;
+  }
+  .navbar-expand-lg .navbar-nav .dropdown-menu-right {
+    right: 0;
+    left: auto;
+  }
+  .navbar-expand-lg .navbar-nav .nav-link {
+    padding-right: 0.5rem;
+    padding-left: 0.5rem;
+  }
+  .navbar-expand-lg > .container,
+  .navbar-expand-lg > .container-fluid {
+    -ms-flex-wrap: nowrap;
+    flex-wrap: nowrap;
+  }
+  .navbar-expand-lg .navbar-collapse {
+    display: -webkit-box !important;
+    display: -ms-flexbox !important;
+    display: flex !important;
+    -ms-flex-preferred-size: auto;
+    flex-basis: auto;
+  }
+  .navbar-expand-lg .navbar-toggler {
+    display: none;
+  }
+  .navbar-expand-lg .dropup .dropdown-menu {
+    top: auto;
+    bottom: 100%;
+  }
+}
+
+@media (max-width: 1199.98px) {
+  .navbar-expand-xl > .container,
+  .navbar-expand-xl > .container-fluid {
+    padding-right: 0;
+    padding-left: 0;
+  }
+}
+
+@media (min-width: 1200px) {
+  .navbar-expand-xl {
+    -webkit-box-orient: horizontal;
+    -webkit-box-direction: normal;
+    -ms-flex-flow: row nowrap;
+    flex-flow: row nowrap;
+    -webkit-box-pack: start;
+    -ms-flex-pack: start;
+    justify-content: flex-start;
+  }
+  .navbar-expand-xl .navbar-nav {
+    -webkit-box-orient: horizontal;
+    -webkit-box-direction: normal;
+    -ms-flex-direction: row;
+    flex-direction: row;
+  }
+  .navbar-expand-xl .navbar-nav .dropdown-menu {
+    position: absolute;
+  }
+  .navbar-expand-xl .navbar-nav .dropdown-menu-right {
+    right: 0;
+    left: auto;
+  }
+  .navbar-expand-xl .navbar-nav .nav-link {
+    padding-right: 0.5rem;
+    padding-left: 0.5rem;
+  }
+  .navbar-expand-xl > .container,
+  .navbar-expand-xl > .container-fluid {
+    -ms-flex-wrap: nowrap;
+    flex-wrap: nowrap;
+  }
+  .navbar-expand-xl .navbar-collapse {
+    display: -webkit-box !important;
+    display: -ms-flexbox !important;
+    display: flex !important;
+    -ms-flex-preferred-size: auto;
+    flex-basis: auto;
+  }
+  .navbar-expand-xl .navbar-toggler {
+    display: none;
+  }
+  .navbar-expand-xl .dropup .dropdown-menu {
+    top: auto;
+    bottom: 100%;
+  }
+}
+
+.navbar-expand {
+  -webkit-box-orient: horizontal;
+  -webkit-box-direction: normal;
+  -ms-flex-flow: row nowrap;
+  flex-flow: row nowrap;
+  -webkit-box-pack: start;
+  -ms-flex-pack: start;
+  justify-content: flex-start;
+}
+
+.navbar-expand > .container,
+.navbar-expand > .container-fluid {
+  padding-right: 0;
+  padding-left: 0;
+}
+
+.navbar-expand .navbar-nav {
+  -webkit-box-orient: horizontal;
+  -webkit-box-direction: normal;
+  -ms-flex-direction: row;
+  flex-direction: row;
+}
+
+.navbar-expand .navbar-nav .dropdown-menu {
+  position: absolute;
+}
+
+.navbar-expand .navbar-nav .dropdown-menu-right {
+  right: 0;
+  left: auto;
+}
+
+.navbar-expand .navbar-nav .nav-link {
+  padding-right: 0.5rem;
+  padding-left: 0.5rem;
+}
+
+.navbar-expand > .container,
+.navbar-expand > .container-fluid {
+  -ms-flex-wrap: nowrap;
+  flex-wrap: nowrap;
+}
+
+.navbar-expand .navbar-collapse {
+  display: -webkit-box !important;
+  display: -ms-flexbox !important;
+  display: flex !important;
+  -ms-flex-preferred-size: auto;
+  flex-basis: auto;
+}
+
+.navbar-expand .navbar-toggler {
+  display: none;
+}
+
+.navbar-expand .dropup .dropdown-menu {
+  top: auto;
+  bottom: 100%;
+}
+
+.navbar-light .navbar-brand {
+  color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);
+}
+
+.navbar-light .navbar-brand:hover, .navbar-light .navbar-brand:focus {
+  color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);
+}
+
+.navbar-light .navbar-nav .nav-link {
+  color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5);
+}
+
+.navbar-light .navbar-nav .nav-link:hover, .navbar-light .navbar-nav .nav-link:focus {
+  color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.7);
+}
+
+.navbar-light .navbar-nav .nav-link.disabled {
+  color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.3);
+}
+
+.navbar-light .navbar-nav .show > .nav-link,
+.navbar-light .navbar-nav .active > .nav-link,
+.navbar-light .navbar-nav .nav-link.show,
+.navbar-light .navbar-nav .nav-link.active {
+  color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);
+}
+
+.navbar-light .navbar-toggler {
+  color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5);
+  border-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.1);
+}
+
+.navbar-light .navbar-toggler-icon {
+  background-image: url("data:image/svg+xml;charset=utf8,%3Csvg viewBox='0 0 30 30' xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg'%3E%3Cpath stroke='rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5)' stroke-width='2' stroke-linecap='round' stroke-miterlimit='10' d='M4 7h22M4 15h22M4 23h22'/%3E%3C/svg%3E");
+}
+
+.navbar-light .navbar-text {
+  color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5);
+}
+
+.navbar-light .navbar-text a {
+  color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);
+}
+
+.navbar-light .navbar-text a:hover, .navbar-light .navbar-text a:focus {
+  color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);
+}
+
+.navbar-dark .navbar-brand {
+  color: #fff;
+}
+
+.navbar-dark .navbar-brand:hover, .navbar-dark .navbar-brand:focus {
+  color: #fff;
+}
+
+.navbar-dark .navbar-nav .nav-link {
+  color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.5);
+}
+
+.navbar-dark .navbar-nav .nav-link:hover, .navbar-dark .navbar-nav .nav-link:focus {
+  color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.75);
+}
+
+.navbar-dark .navbar-nav .nav-link.disabled {
+  color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.25);
+}
+
+.navbar-dark .navbar-nav .show > .nav-link,
+.navbar-dark .navbar-nav .active > .nav-link,
+.navbar-dark .navbar-nav .nav-link.show,
+.navbar-dark .navbar-nav .nav-link.active {
+  color: #fff;
+}
+
+.navbar-dark .navbar-toggler {
+  color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.5);
+  border-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.1);
+}
+
+.navbar-dark .navbar-toggler-icon {
+  background-image: url("data:image/svg+xml;charset=utf8,%3Csvg viewBox='0 0 30 30' xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg'%3E%3Cpath stroke='rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.5)' stroke-width='2' stroke-linecap='round' stroke-miterlimit='10' d='M4 7h22M4 15h22M4 23h22'/%3E%3C/svg%3E");
+}
+
+.navbar-dark .navbar-text {
+  color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.5);
+}
+
+.navbar-dark .navbar-text a {
+  color: #fff;
+}
+
+.navbar-dark .navbar-text a:hover, .navbar-dark .navbar-text a:focus {
+  color: #fff;
+}
+
+.card {
+  position: relative;
+  display: -webkit-box;
+  display: -ms-flexbox;
+  display: flex;
+  -webkit-box-orient: vertical;
+  -webkit-box-direction: normal;
+  -ms-flex-direction: column;
+  flex-direction: column;
+  min-width: 0;
+  word-wrap: break-word;
+  background-color: #fff;
+  background-clip: border-box;
+  border: 1px solid rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.125);
+  border-radius: 0.25rem;
+}
+
+.card > hr {
+  margin-right: 0;
+  margin-left: 0;
+}
+
+.card > .list-group:first-child .list-group-item:first-child {
+  border-top-left-radius: 0.25rem;
+  border-top-right-radius: 0.25rem;
+}
+
+.card > .list-group:last-child .list-group-item:last-child {
+  border-bottom-right-radius: 0.25rem;
+  border-bottom-left-radius: 0.25rem;
+}
+
+.card-body {
+  -webkit-box-flex: 1;
+  -ms-flex: 1 1 auto;
+  flex: 1 1 auto;
+  padding: 1.25rem;
+}
+
+.card-title {
+  margin-bottom: 0.75rem;
+}
+
+.card-subtitle {
+  margin-top: -0.375rem;
+  margin-bottom: 0;
+}
+
+.card-text:last-child {
+  margin-bottom: 0;
+}
+
+.card-link:hover {
+  text-decoration: none;
+}
+
+.card-link + .card-link {
+  margin-left: 1.25rem;
+}
+
+.card-header {
+  padding: 0.75rem 1.25rem;
+  margin-bottom: 0;
+  background-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.03);
+  border-bottom: 1px solid rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.125);
+}
+
+.card-header:first-child {
+  border-radius: calc(0.25rem - 1px) calc(0.25rem - 1px) 0 0;
+}
+
+.card-header + .list-group .list-group-item:first-child {
+  border-top: 0;
+}
+
+.card-footer {
+  padding: 0.75rem 1.25rem;
+  background-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.03);
+  border-top: 1px solid rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.125);
+}
+
+.card-footer:last-child {
+  border-radius: 0 0 calc(0.25rem - 1px) calc(0.25rem - 1px);
+}
+
+.card-header-tabs {
+  margin-right: -0.625rem;
+  margin-bottom: -0.75rem;
+  margin-left: -0.625rem;
+  border-bottom: 0;
+}
+
+.card-header-pills {
+  margin-right: -0.625rem;
+  margin-left: -0.625rem;
+}
+
+.card-img-overlay {
+  position: absolute;
+  top: 0;
+  right: 0;
+  bottom: 0;
+  left: 0;
+  padding: 1.25rem;
+}
+
+.card-img {
+  width: 100%;
+  border-radius: calc(0.25rem - 1px);
+}
+
+.card-img-top {
+  width: 100%;
+  border-top-left-radius: calc(0.25rem - 1px);
+  border-top-right-radius: calc(0.25rem - 1px);
+}
+
+.card-img-bottom {
+  width: 100%;
+  border-bottom-right-radius: calc(0.25rem - 1px);
+  border-bottom-left-radius: calc(0.25rem - 1px);
+}
+
+.card-deck {
+  display: -webkit-box;
+  display: -ms-flexbox;
+  display: flex;
+  -webkit-box-orient: vertical;
+  -webkit-box-direction: normal;
+  -ms-flex-direction: column;
+  flex-direction: column;
+}
+
+.card-deck .card {
+  margin-bottom: 15px;
+}
+
+@media (min-width: 576px) {
+  .card-deck {
+    -webkit-box-orient: horizontal;
+    -webkit-box-direction: normal;
+    -ms-flex-flow: row wrap;
+    flex-flow: row wrap;
+    margin-right: -15px;
+    margin-left: -15px;
+  }
+  .card-deck .card {
+    display: -webkit-box;
+    display: -ms-flexbox;
+    display: flex;
+    -webkit-box-flex: 1;
+    -ms-flex: 1 0 0%;
+    flex: 1 0 0%;
+    -webkit-box-orient: vertical;
+    -webkit-box-direction: normal;
+    -ms-flex-direction: column;
+    flex-direction: column;
+    margin-right: 15px;
+    margin-bottom: 0;
+    margin-left: 15px;
+  }
+}
+
+.card-group {
+  display: -webkit-box;
+  display: -ms-flexbox;
+  display: flex;
+  -webkit-box-orient: vertical;
+  -webkit-box-direction: normal;
+  -ms-flex-direction: column;
+  flex-direction: column;
+}
+
+.card-group > .card {
+  margin-bottom: 15px;
+}
+
+@media (min-width: 576px) {
+  .card-group {
+    -webkit-box-orient: horizontal;
+    -webkit-box-direction: normal;
+    -ms-flex-flow: row wrap;
+    flex-flow: row wrap;
+  }
+  .card-group > .card {
+    -webkit-box-flex: 1;
+    -ms-flex: 1 0 0%;
+    flex: 1 0 0%;
+    margin-bottom: 0;
+  }
+  .card-group > .card + .card {
+    margin-left: 0;
+    border-left: 0;
+  }
+  .card-group > .card:first-child {
+    border-top-right-radius: 0;
+    border-bottom-right-radius: 0;
+  }
+  .card-group > .card:first-child .card-img-top,
+  .card-group > .card:first-child .card-header {
+    border-top-right-radius: 0;
+  }
+  .card-group > .card:first-child .card-img-bottom,
+  .card-group > .card:first-child .card-footer {
+    border-bottom-right-radius: 0;
+  }
+  .card-group > .card:last-child {
+    border-top-left-radius: 0;
+    border-bottom-left-radius: 0;
+  }
+  .card-group > .card:last-child .card-img-top,
+  .card-group > .card:last-child .card-header {
+    border-top-left-radius: 0;
+  }
+  .card-group > .card:last-child .card-img-bottom,
+  .card-group > .card:last-child .card-footer {
+    border-bottom-left-radius: 0;
+  }
+  .card-group > .card:only-child {
+    border-radius: 0.25rem;
+  }
+  .card-group > .card:only-child .card-img-top,
+  .card-group > .card:only-child .card-header {
+    border-top-left-radius: 0.25rem;
+    border-top-right-radius: 0.25rem;
+  }
+  .card-group > .card:only-child .card-img-bottom,
+  .card-group > .card:only-child .card-footer {
+    border-bottom-right-radius: 0.25rem;
+    border-bottom-left-radius: 0.25rem;
+  }
+  .card-group > .card:not(:first-child):not(:last-child):not(:only-child) {
+    border-radius: 0;
+  }
+  .card-group > .card:not(:first-child):not(:last-child):not(:only-child) .card-img-top,
+  .card-group > .card:not(:first-child):not(:last-child):not(:only-child) .card-img-bottom,
+  .card-group > .card:not(:first-child):not(:last-child):not(:only-child) .card-header,
+  .card-group > .card:not(:first-child):not(:last-child):not(:only-child) .card-footer {
+    border-radius: 0;
+  }
+}
+
+.card-columns .card {
+  margin-bottom: 0.75rem;
+}
+
+@media (min-width: 576px) {
+  .card-columns {
+    -webkit-column-count: 3;
+    -moz-column-count: 3;
+    column-count: 3;
+    -webkit-column-gap: 1.25rem;
+    -moz-column-gap: 1.25rem;
+    column-gap: 1.25rem;
+  }
+  .card-columns .card {
+    display: inline-block;
+    width: 100%;
+  }
+}
+
+.breadcrumb {
+  display: -webkit-box;
+  display: -ms-flexbox;
+  display: flex;
+  -ms-flex-wrap: wrap;
+  flex-wrap: wrap;
+  padding: 0.75rem 1rem;
+  margin-bottom: 1rem;
+  list-style: none;
+  background-color: #e9ecef;
+  border-radius: 0.25rem;
+}
+
+.breadcrumb-item + .breadcrumb-item::before {
+  display: inline-block;
+  padding-right: 0.5rem;
+  padding-left: 0.5rem;
+  color: #6c757d;
+  content: "/";
+}
+
+.breadcrumb-item + .breadcrumb-item:hover::before {
+  text-decoration: underline;
+}
+
+.breadcrumb-item + .breadcrumb-item:hover::before {
+  text-decoration: none;
+}
+
+.breadcrumb-item.active {
+  color: #6c757d;
+}
+
+.pagination {
+  display: -webkit-box;
+  display: -ms-flexbox;
+  display: flex;
+  padding-left: 0;
+  list-style: none;
+  border-radius: 0.25rem;
+}
+
+.page-link {
+  position: relative;
+  display: block;
+  padding: 0.5rem 0.75rem;
+  margin-left: -1px;
+  line-height: 1.25;
+  color: #007bff;
+  background-color: #fff;
+  border: 1px solid #dee2e6;
+}
+
+.page-link:hover {
+  color: #0056b3;
+  text-decoration: none;
+  background-color: #e9ecef;
+  border-color: #dee2e6;
+}
+
+.page-link:focus {
+  z-index: 2;
+  outline: 0;
+  box-shadow: 0 0 0 0.2rem rgba(0, 123, 255, 0.25);
+}
+
+.page-link:not(:disabled):not(.disabled) {
+  cursor: pointer;
+}
+
+.page-item:first-child .page-link {
+  margin-left: 0;
+  border-top-left-radius: 0.25rem;
+  border-bottom-left-radius: 0.25rem;
+}
+
+.page-item:last-child .page-link {
+  border-top-right-radius: 0.25rem;
+  border-bottom-right-radius: 0.25rem;
+}
+
+.page-item.active .page-link {
+  z-index: 1;
+  color: #fff;
+  background-color: #007bff;
+  border-color: #007bff;
+}
+
+.page-item.disabled .page-link {
+  color: #6c757d;
+  pointer-events: none;
+  cursor: auto;
+  background-color: #fff;
+  border-color: #dee2e6;
+}
+
+.pagination-lg .page-link {
+  padding: 0.75rem 1.5rem;
+  font-size: 1.25rem;
+  line-height: 1.5;
+}
+
+.pagination-lg .page-item:first-child .page-link {
+  border-top-left-radius: 0.3rem;
+  border-bottom-left-radius: 0.3rem;
+}
+
+.pagination-lg .page-item:last-child .page-link {
+  border-top-right-radius: 0.3rem;
+  border-bottom-right-radius: 0.3rem;
+}
+
+.pagination-sm .page-link {
+  padding: 0.25rem 0.5rem;
+  font-size: 0.875rem;
+  line-height: 1.5;
+}
+
+.pagination-sm .page-item:first-child .page-link {
+  border-top-left-radius: 0.2rem;
+  border-bottom-left-radius: 0.2rem;
+}
+
+.pagination-sm .page-item:last-child .page-link {
+  border-top-right-radius: 0.2rem;
+  border-bottom-right-radius: 0.2rem;
+}
+
+.badge {
+  display: inline-block;
+  padding: 0.25em 0.4em;
+  font-size: 75%;
+  font-weight: 700;
+  line-height: 1;
+  text-align: center;
+  white-space: nowrap;
+  vertical-align: baseline;
+  border-radius: 0.25rem;
+}
+
+.badge:empty {
+  display: none;
+}
+
+.btn .badge {
+  position: relative;
+  top: -1px;
+}
+
+.badge-pill {
+  padding-right: 0.6em;
+  padding-left: 0.6em;
+  border-radius: 10rem;
+}
+
+.badge-primary {
+  color: #fff;
+  background-color: #007bff;
+}
+
+.badge-primary[href]:hover, .badge-primary[href]:focus {
+  color: #fff;
+  text-decoration: none;
+  background-color: #0062cc;
+}
+
+.badge-secondary {
+  color: #fff;
+  background-color: #6c757d;
+}
+
+.badge-secondary[href]:hover, .badge-secondary[href]:focus {
+  color: #fff;
+  text-decoration: none;
+  background-color: #545b62;
+}
+
+.badge-success {
+  color: #fff;
+  background-color: #28a745;
+}
+
+.badge-success[href]:hover, .badge-success[href]:focus {
+  color: #fff;
+  text-decoration: none;
+  background-color: #1e7e34;
+}
+
+.badge-info {
+  color: #fff;
+  background-color: #17a2b8;
+}
+
+.badge-info[href]:hover, .badge-info[href]:focus {
+  color: #fff;
+  text-decoration: none;
+  background-color: #117a8b;
+}
+
+.badge-warning {
+  color: #212529;
+  background-color: #ffc107;
+}
+
+.badge-warning[href]:hover, .badge-warning[href]:focus {
+  color: #212529;
+  text-decoration: none;
+  background-color: #d39e00;
+}
+
+.badge-danger {
+  color: #fff;
+  background-color: #dc3545;
+}
+
+.badge-danger[href]:hover, .badge-danger[href]:focus {
+  color: #fff;
+  text-decoration: none;
+  background-color: #bd2130;
+}
+
+.badge-light {
+  color: #212529;
+  background-color: #f8f9fa;
+}
+
+.badge-light[href]:hover, .badge-light[href]:focus {
+  color: #212529;
+  text-decoration: none;
+  background-color: #dae0e5;
+}
+
+.badge-dark {
+  color: #fff;
+  background-color: #343a40;
+}
+
+.badge-dark[href]:hover, .badge-dark[href]:focus {
+  color: #fff;
+  text-decoration: none;
+  background-color: #1d2124;
+}
+
+.jumbotron {
+  padding: 2rem 1rem;
+  margin-bottom: 2rem;
+  background-color: #e9ecef;
+  border-radius: 0.3rem;
+}
+
+@media (min-width: 576px) {
+  .jumbotron {
+    padding: 4rem 2rem;
+  }
+}
+
+.jumbotron-fluid {
+  padding-right: 0;
+  padding-left: 0;
+  border-radius: 0;
+}
+
+.alert {
+  position: relative;
+  padding: 0.75rem 1.25rem;
+  margin-bottom: 1rem;
+  border: 1px solid transparent;
+  border-radius: 0.25rem;
+}
+
+.alert-heading {
+  color: inherit;
+}
+
+.alert-link {
+  font-weight: 700;
+}
+
+.alert-dismissible {
+  padding-right: 4rem;
+}
+
+.alert-dismissible .close {
+  position: absolute;
+  top: 0;
+  right: 0;
+  padding: 0.75rem 1.25rem;
+  color: inherit;
+}
+
+.alert-primary {
+  color: #004085;
+  background-color: #cce5ff;
+  border-color: #b8daff;
+}
+
+.alert-primary hr {
+  border-top-color: #9fcdff;
+}
+
+.alert-primary .alert-link {
+  color: #002752;
+}
+
+.alert-secondary {
+  color: #383d41;
+  background-color: #e2e3e5;
+  border-color: #d6d8db;
+}
+
+.alert-secondary hr {
+  border-top-color: #c8cbcf;
+}
+
+.alert-secondary .alert-link {
+  color: #202326;
+}
+
+.alert-success {
+  color: #155724;
+  background-color: #d4edda;
+  border-color: #c3e6cb;
+}
+
+.alert-success hr {
+  border-top-color: #b1dfbb;
+}
+
+.alert-success .alert-link {
+  color: #0b2e13;
+}
+
+.alert-info {
+  color: #0c5460;
+  background-color: #d1ecf1;
+  border-color: #bee5eb;
+}
+
+.alert-info hr {
+  border-top-color: #abdde5;
+}
+
+.alert-info .alert-link {
+  color: #062c33;
+}
+
+.alert-warning {
+  color: #856404;
+  background-color: #fff3cd;
+  border-color: #ffeeba;
+}
+
+.alert-warning hr {
+  border-top-color: #ffe8a1;
+}
+
+.alert-warning .alert-link {
+  color: #533f03;
+}
+
+.alert-danger {
+  color: #721c24;
+  background-color: #f8d7da;
+  border-color: #f5c6cb;
+}
+
+.alert-danger hr {
+  border-top-color: #f1b0b7;
+}
+
+.alert-danger .alert-link {
+  color: #491217;
+}
+
+.alert-light {
+  color: #818182;
+  background-color: #fefefe;
+  border-color: #fdfdfe;
+}
+
+.alert-light hr {
+  border-top-color: #ececf6;
+}
+
+.alert-light .alert-link {
+  color: #686868;
+}
+
+.alert-dark {
+  color: #1b1e21;
+  background-color: #d6d8d9;
+  border-color: #c6c8ca;
+}
+
+.alert-dark hr {
+  border-top-color: #b9bbbe;
+}
+
+.alert-dark .alert-link {
+  color: #040505;
+}
+
+@-webkit-keyframes progress-bar-stripes {
+  from {
+    background-position: 1rem 0;
+  }
+  to {
+    background-position: 0 0;
+  }
+}
+
+@keyframes progress-bar-stripes {
+  from {
+    background-position: 1rem 0;
+  }
+  to {
+    background-position: 0 0;
+  }
+}
+
+.progress {
+  display: -webkit-box;
+  display: -ms-flexbox;
+  display: flex;
+  height: 1rem;
+  overflow: hidden;
+  font-size: 0.75rem;
+  background-color: #e9ecef;
+  border-radius: 0.25rem;
+}
+
+.progress-bar {
+  display: -webkit-box;
+  display: -ms-flexbox;
+  display: flex;
+  -webkit-box-orient: vertical;
+  -webkit-box-direction: normal;
+  -ms-flex-direction: column;
+  flex-direction: column;
+  -webkit-box-pack: center;
+  -ms-flex-pack: center;
+  justify-content: center;
+  color: #fff;
+  text-align: center;
+  background-color: #007bff;
+  transition: width 0.6s ease;
+}
+
+.progress-bar-striped {
+  background-image: linear-gradient(45deg, rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.15) 25%, transparent 25%, transparent 50%, rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.15) 50%, rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.15) 75%, transparent 75%, transparent);
+  background-size: 1rem 1rem;
+}
+
+.progress-bar-animated {
+  -webkit-animation: progress-bar-stripes 1s linear infinite;
+  animation: progress-bar-stripes 1s linear infinite;
+}
+
+.media {
+  display: -webkit-box;
+  display: -ms-flexbox;
+  display: flex;
+  -webkit-box-align: start;
+  -ms-flex-align: start;
+  align-items: flex-start;
+}
+
+.media-body {
+  -webkit-box-flex: 1;
+  -ms-flex: 1;
+  flex: 1;
+}
+
+.list-group {
+  display: -webkit-box;
+  display: -ms-flexbox;
+  display: flex;
+  -webkit-box-orient: vertical;
+  -webkit-box-direction: normal;
+  -ms-flex-direction: column;
+  flex-direction: column;
+  padding-left: 0;
+  margin-bottom: 0;
+}
+
+.list-group-item-action {
+  width: 100%;
+  color: #495057;
+  text-align: inherit;
+}
+
+.list-group-item-action:hover, .list-group-item-action:focus {
+  color: #495057;
+  text-decoration: none;
+  background-color: #f8f9fa;
+}
+
+.list-group-item-action:active {
+  color: #212529;
+  background-color: #e9ecef;
+}
+
+.list-group-item {
+  position: relative;
+  display: block;
+  padding: 0.75rem 1.25rem;
+  margin-bottom: -1px;
+  background-color: #fff;
+  border: 1px solid rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.125);
+}
+
+.list-group-item:first-child {
+  border-top-left-radius: 0.25rem;
+  border-top-right-radius: 0.25rem;
+}
+
+.list-group-item:last-child {
+  margin-bottom: 0;
+  border-bottom-right-radius: 0.25rem;
+  border-bottom-left-radius: 0.25rem;
+}
+
+.list-group-item:hover, .list-group-item:focus {
+  z-index: 1;
+  text-decoration: none;
+}
+
+.list-group-item.disabled, .list-group-item:disabled {
+  color: #6c757d;
+  background-color: #fff;
+}
+
+.list-group-item.active {
+  z-index: 2;
+  color: #fff;
+  background-color: #007bff;
+  border-color: #007bff;
+}
+
+.list-group-flush .list-group-item {
+  border-right: 0;
+  border-left: 0;
+  border-radius: 0;
+}
+
+.list-group-flush:first-child .list-group-item:first-child {
+  border-top: 0;
+}
+
+.list-group-flush:last-child .list-group-item:last-child {
+  border-bottom: 0;
+}
+
+.list-group-item-primary {
+  color: #004085;
+  background-color: #b8daff;
+}
+
+.list-group-item-primary.list-group-item-action:hover, .list-group-item-primary.list-group-item-action:focus {
+  color: #004085;
+  background-color: #9fcdff;
+}
+
+.list-group-item-primary.list-group-item-action.active {
+  color: #fff;
+  background-color: #004085;
+  border-color: #004085;
+}
+
+.list-group-item-secondary {
+  color: #383d41;
+  background-color: #d6d8db;
+}
+
+.list-group-item-secondary.list-group-item-action:hover, .list-group-item-secondary.list-group-item-action:focus {
+  color: #383d41;
+  background-color: #c8cbcf;
+}
+
+.list-group-item-secondary.list-group-item-action.active {
+  color: #fff;
+  background-color: #383d41;
+  border-color: #383d41;
+}
+
+.list-group-item-success {
+  color: #155724;
+  background-color: #c3e6cb;
+}
+
+.list-group-item-success.list-group-item-action:hover, .list-group-item-success.list-group-item-action:focus {
+  color: #155724;
+  background-color: #b1dfbb;
+}
+
+.list-group-item-success.list-group-item-action.active {
+  color: #fff;
+  background-color: #155724;
+  border-color: #155724;
+}
+
+.list-group-item-info {
+  color: #0c5460;
+  background-color: #bee5eb;
+}
+
+.list-group-item-info.list-group-item-action:hover, .list-group-item-info.list-group-item-action:focus {
+  color: #0c5460;
+  background-color: #abdde5;
+}
+
+.list-group-item-info.list-group-item-action.active {
+  color: #fff;
+  background-color: #0c5460;
+  border-color: #0c5460;
+}
+
+.list-group-item-warning {
+  color: #856404;
+  background-color: #ffeeba;
+}
+
+.list-group-item-warning.list-group-item-action:hover, .list-group-item-warning.list-group-item-action:focus {
+  color: #856404;
+  background-color: #ffe8a1;
+}
+
+.list-group-item-warning.list-group-item-action.active {
+  color: #fff;
+  background-color: #856404;
+  border-color: #856404;
+}
+
+.list-group-item-danger {
+  color: #721c24;
+  background-color: #f5c6cb;
+}
+
+.list-group-item-danger.list-group-item-action:hover, .list-group-item-danger.list-group-item-action:focus {
+  color: #721c24;
+  background-color: #f1b0b7;
+}
+
+.list-group-item-danger.list-group-item-action.active {
+  color: #fff;
+  background-color: #721c24;
+  border-color: #721c24;
+}
+
+.list-group-item-light {
+  color: #818182;
+  background-color: #fdfdfe;
+}
+
+.list-group-item-light.list-group-item-action:hover, .list-group-item-light.list-group-item-action:focus {
+  color: #818182;
+  background-color: #ececf6;
+}
+
+.list-group-item-light.list-group-item-action.active {
+  color: #fff;
+  background-color: #818182;
+  border-color: #818182;
+}
+
+.list-group-item-dark {
+  color: #1b1e21;
+  background-color: #c6c8ca;
+}
+
+.list-group-item-dark.list-group-item-action:hover, .list-group-item-dark.list-group-item-action:focus {
+  color: #1b1e21;
+  background-color: #b9bbbe;
+}
+
+.list-group-item-dark.list-group-item-action.active {
+  color: #fff;
+  background-color: #1b1e21;
+  border-color: #1b1e21;
+}
+
+.close {
+  float: right;
+  font-size: 1.5rem;
+  font-weight: 700;
+  line-height: 1;
+  color: #000;
+  text-shadow: 0 1px 0 #fff;
+  opacity: .5;
+}
+
+.close:hover, .close:focus {
+  color: #000;
+  text-decoration: none;
+  opacity: .75;
+}
+
+.close:not(:disabled):not(.disabled) {
+  cursor: pointer;
+}
+
+button.close {
+  padding: 0;
+  background-color: transparent;
+  border: 0;
+  -webkit-appearance: none;
+}
+
+.modal-open {
+  overflow: hidden;
+}
+
+.modal {
+  position: fixed;
+  top: 0;
+  right: 0;
+  bottom: 0;
+  left: 0;
+  z-index: 1050;
+  display: none;
+  overflow: hidden;
+  outline: 0;
+}
+
+.modal-open .modal {
+  overflow-x: hidden;
+  overflow-y: auto;
+}
+
+.modal-dialog {
+  position: relative;
+  width: auto;
+  margin: 0.5rem;
+  pointer-events: none;
+}
+
+.modal.fade .modal-dialog {
+  transition: -webkit-transform 0.3s ease-out;
+  transition: transform 0.3s ease-out;
+  transition: transform 0.3s ease-out, -webkit-transform 0.3s ease-out;
+  -webkit-transform: translate(0, -25%);
+  transform: translate(0, -25%);
+}
+
+.modal.show .modal-dialog {
+  -webkit-transform: translate(0, 0);
+  transform: translate(0, 0);
+}
+
+.modal-dialog-centered {
+  display: -webkit-box;
+  display: -ms-flexbox;
+  display: flex;
+  -webkit-box-align: center;
+  -ms-flex-align: center;
+  align-items: center;
+  min-height: calc(100% - (0.5rem * 2));
+}
+
+.modal-content {
+  position: relative;
+  display: -webkit-box;
+  display: -ms-flexbox;
+  display: flex;
+  -webkit-box-orient: vertical;
+  -webkit-box-direction: normal;
+  -ms-flex-direction: column;
+  flex-direction: column;
+  width: 100%;
+  pointer-events: auto;
+  background-color: #fff;
+  background-clip: padding-box;
+  border: 1px solid rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2);
+  border-radius: 0.3rem;
+  outline: 0;
+}
+
+.modal-backdrop {
+  position: fixed;
+  top: 0;
+  right: 0;
+  bottom: 0;
+  left: 0;
+  z-index: 1040;
+  background-color: #000;
+}
+
+.modal-backdrop.fade {
+  opacity: 0;
+}
+
+.modal-backdrop.show {
+  opacity: 0.5;
+}
+
+.modal-header {
+  display: -webkit-box;
+  display: -ms-flexbox;
+  display: flex;
+  -webkit-box-align: start;
+  -ms-flex-align: start;
+  align-items: flex-start;
+  -webkit-box-pack: justify;
+  -ms-flex-pack: justify;
+  justify-content: space-between;
+  padding: 1rem;
+  border-bottom: 1px solid #e9ecef;
+  border-top-left-radius: 0.3rem;
+  border-top-right-radius: 0.3rem;
+}
+
+.modal-header .close {
+  padding: 1rem;
+  margin: -1rem -1rem -1rem auto;
+}
+
+.modal-title {
+  margin-bottom: 0;
+  line-height: 1.5;
+}
+
+.modal-body {
+  position: relative;
+  -webkit-box-flex: 1;
+  -ms-flex: 1 1 auto;
+  flex: 1 1 auto;
+  padding: 1rem;
+}
+
+.modal-footer {
+  display: -webkit-box;
+  display: -ms-flexbox;
+  display: flex;
+  -webkit-box-align: center;
+  -ms-flex-align: center;
+  align-items: center;
+  -webkit-box-pack: end;
+  -ms-flex-pack: end;
+  justify-content: flex-end;
+  padding: 1rem;
+  border-top: 1px solid #e9ecef;
+}
+
+.modal-footer > :not(:first-child) {
+  margin-left: .25rem;
+}
+
+.modal-footer > :not(:last-child) {
+  margin-right: .25rem;
+}
+
+.modal-scrollbar-measure {
+  position: absolute;
+  top: -9999px;
+  width: 50px;
+  height: 50px;
+  overflow: scroll;
+}
+
+@media (min-width: 576px) {
+  .modal-dialog {
+    max-width: 500px;
+    margin: 1.75rem auto;
+  }
+  .modal-dialog-centered {
+    min-height: calc(100% - (1.75rem * 2));
+  }
+  .modal-sm {
+    max-width: 300px;
+  }
+}
+
+@media (min-width: 992px) {
+  .modal-lg {
+    max-width: 800px;
+  }
+}
+
+.tooltip {
+  position: absolute;
+  z-index: 1070;
+  display: block;
+  margin: 0;
+  font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Segoe UI", Roboto, "Helvetica Neue", Arial, sans-serif, "Apple Color Emoji", "Segoe UI Emoji", "Segoe UI Symbol";
+  font-style: normal;
+  font-weight: 400;
+  line-height: 1.5;
+  text-align: left;
+  text-align: start;
+  text-decoration: none;
+  text-shadow: none;
+  text-transform: none;
+  letter-spacing: normal;
+  word-break: normal;
+  word-spacing: normal;
+  white-space: normal;
+  line-break: auto;
+  font-size: 0.875rem;
+  word-wrap: break-word;
+  opacity: 0;
+}
+
+.tooltip.show {
+  opacity: 0.9;
+}
+
+.tooltip .arrow {
+  position: absolute;
+  display: block;
+  width: 0.8rem;
+  height: 0.4rem;
+}
+
+.tooltip .arrow::before {
+  position: absolute;
+  content: "";
+  border-color: transparent;
+  border-style: solid;
+}
+
+.bs-tooltip-top, .bs-tooltip-auto[x-placement^="top"] {
+  padding: 0.4rem 0;
+}
+
+.bs-tooltip-top .arrow, .bs-tooltip-auto[x-placement^="top"] .arrow {
+  bottom: 0;
+}
+
+.bs-tooltip-top .arrow::before, .bs-tooltip-auto[x-placement^="top"] .arrow::before {
+  top: 0;
+  border-width: 0.4rem 0.4rem 0;
+  border-top-color: #000;
+}
+
+.bs-tooltip-right, .bs-tooltip-auto[x-placement^="right"] {
+  padding: 0 0.4rem;
+}
+
+.bs-tooltip-right .arrow, .bs-tooltip-auto[x-placement^="right"] .arrow {
+  left: 0;
+  width: 0.4rem;
+  height: 0.8rem;
+}
+
+.bs-tooltip-right .arrow::before, .bs-tooltip-auto[x-placement^="right"] .arrow::before {
+  right: 0;
+  border-width: 0.4rem 0.4rem 0.4rem 0;
+  border-right-color: #000;
+}
+
+.bs-tooltip-bottom, .bs-tooltip-auto[x-placement^="bottom"] {
+  padding: 0.4rem 0;
+}
+
+.bs-tooltip-bottom .arrow, .bs-tooltip-auto[x-placement^="bottom"] .arrow {
+  top: 0;
+}
+
+.bs-tooltip-bottom .arrow::before, .bs-tooltip-auto[x-placement^="bottom"] .arrow::before {
+  bottom: 0;
+  border-width: 0 0.4rem 0.4rem;
+  border-bottom-color: #000;
+}
+
+.bs-tooltip-left, .bs-tooltip-auto[x-placement^="left"] {
+  padding: 0 0.4rem;
+}
+
+.bs-tooltip-left .arrow, .bs-tooltip-auto[x-placement^="left"] .arrow {
+  right: 0;
+  width: 0.4rem;
+  height: 0.8rem;
+}
+
+.bs-tooltip-left .arrow::before, .bs-tooltip-auto[x-placement^="left"] .arrow::before {
+  left: 0;
+  border-width: 0.4rem 0 0.4rem 0.4rem;
+  border-left-color: #000;
+}
+
+.tooltip-inner {
+  max-width: 200px;
+  padding: 0.25rem 0.5rem;
+  color: #fff;
+  text-align: center;
+  background-color: #000;
+  border-radius: 0.25rem;
+}
+
+.popover {
+  position: absolute;
+  top: 0;
+  left: 0;
+  z-index: 1060;
+  display: block;
+  max-width: 276px;
+  font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Segoe UI", Roboto, "Helvetica Neue", Arial, sans-serif, "Apple Color Emoji", "Segoe UI Emoji", "Segoe UI Symbol";
+  font-style: normal;
+  font-weight: 400;
+  line-height: 1.5;
+  text-align: left;
+  text-align: start;
+  text-decoration: none;
+  text-shadow: none;
+  text-transform: none;
+  letter-spacing: normal;
+  word-break: normal;
+  word-spacing: normal;
+  white-space: normal;
+  line-break: auto;
+  font-size: 0.875rem;
+  word-wrap: break-word;
+  background-color: #fff;
+  background-clip: padding-box;
+  border: 1px solid rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2);
+  border-radius: 0.3rem;
+}
+
+.popover .arrow {
+  position: absolute;
+  display: block;
+  width: 1rem;
+  height: 0.5rem;
+  margin: 0 0.3rem;
+}
+
+.popover .arrow::before, .popover .arrow::after {
+  position: absolute;
+  display: block;
+  content: "";
+  border-color: transparent;
+  border-style: solid;
+}
+
+.bs-popover-top, .bs-popover-auto[x-placement^="top"] {
+  margin-bottom: 0.5rem;
+}
+
+.bs-popover-top .arrow, .bs-popover-auto[x-placement^="top"] .arrow {
+  bottom: calc((0.5rem + 1px) * -1);
+}
+
+.bs-popover-top .arrow::before, .bs-popover-auto[x-placement^="top"] .arrow::before,
+.bs-popover-top .arrow::after, .bs-popover-auto[x-placement^="top"] .arrow::after {
+  border-width: 0.5rem 0.5rem 0;
+}
+
+.bs-popover-top .arrow::before, .bs-popover-auto[x-placement^="top"] .arrow::before {
+  bottom: 0;
+  border-top-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.25);
+}
+
+.bs-popover-top .arrow::after, .bs-popover-auto[x-placement^="top"] .arrow::after {
+  bottom: 1px;
+  border-top-color: #fff;
+}
+
+.bs-popover-right, .bs-popover-auto[x-placement^="right"] {
+  margin-left: 0.5rem;
+}
+
+.bs-popover-right .arrow, .bs-popover-auto[x-placement^="right"] .arrow {
+  left: calc((0.5rem + 1px) * -1);
+  width: 0.5rem;
+  height: 1rem;
+  margin: 0.3rem 0;
+}
+
+.bs-popover-right .arrow::before, .bs-popover-auto[x-placement^="right"] .arrow::before,
+.bs-popover-right .arrow::after, .bs-popover-auto[x-placement^="right"] .arrow::after {
+  border-width: 0.5rem 0.5rem 0.5rem 0;
+}
+
+.bs-popover-right .arrow::before, .bs-popover-auto[x-placement^="right"] .arrow::before {
+  left: 0;
+  border-right-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.25);
+}
+
+.bs-popover-right .arrow::after, .bs-popover-auto[x-placement^="right"] .arrow::after {
+  left: 1px;
+  border-right-color: #fff;
+}
+
+.bs-popover-bottom, .bs-popover-auto[x-placement^="bottom"] {
+  margin-top: 0.5rem;
+}
+
+.bs-popover-bottom .arrow, .bs-popover-auto[x-placement^="bottom"] .arrow {
+  top: calc((0.5rem + 1px) * -1);
+}
+
+.bs-popover-bottom .arrow::before, .bs-popover-auto[x-placement^="bottom"] .arrow::before,
+.bs-popover-bottom .arrow::after, .bs-popover-auto[x-placement^="bottom"] .arrow::after {
+  border-width: 0 0.5rem 0.5rem 0.5rem;
+}
+
+.bs-popover-bottom .arrow::before, .bs-popover-auto[x-placement^="bottom"] .arrow::before {
+  top: 0;
+  border-bottom-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.25);
+}
+
+.bs-popover-bottom .arrow::after, .bs-popover-auto[x-placement^="bottom"] .arrow::after {
+  top: 1px;
+  border-bottom-color: #fff;
+}
+
+.bs-popover-bottom .popover-header::before, .bs-popover-auto[x-placement^="bottom"] .popover-header::before {
+  position: absolute;
+  top: 0;
+  left: 50%;
+  display: block;
+  width: 1rem;
+  margin-left: -0.5rem;
+  content: "";
+  border-bottom: 1px solid #f7f7f7;
+}
+
+.bs-popover-left, .bs-popover-auto[x-placement^="left"] {
+  margin-right: 0.5rem;
+}
+
+.bs-popover-left .arrow, .bs-popover-auto[x-placement^="left"] .arrow {
+  right: calc((0.5rem + 1px) * -1);
+  width: 0.5rem;
+  height: 1rem;
+  margin: 0.3rem 0;
+}
+
+.bs-popover-left .arrow::before, .bs-popover-auto[x-placement^="left"] .arrow::before,
+.bs-popover-left .arrow::after, .bs-popover-auto[x-placement^="left"] .arrow::after {
+  border-width: 0.5rem 0 0.5rem 0.5rem;
+}
+
+.bs-popover-left .arrow::before, .bs-popover-auto[x-placement^="left"] .arrow::before {
+  right: 0;
+  border-left-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.25);
+}
+
+.bs-popover-left .arrow::after, .bs-popover-auto[x-placement^="left"] .arrow::after {
+  right: 1px;
+  border-left-color: #fff;
+}
+
+.popover-header {
+  padding: 0.5rem 0.75rem;
+  margin-bottom: 0;
+  font-size: 1rem;
+  color: inherit;
+  background-color: #f7f7f7;
+  border-bottom: 1px solid #ebebeb;
+  border-top-left-radius: calc(0.3rem - 1px);
+  border-top-right-radius: calc(0.3rem - 1px);
+}
+
+.popover-header:empty {
+  display: none;
+}
+
+.popover-body {
+  padding: 0.5rem 0.75rem;
+  color: #212529;
+}
+
+.carousel {
+  position: relative;
+}
+
+.carousel-inner {
+  position: relative;
+  width: 100%;
+  overflow: hidden;
+}
+
+.carousel-item {
+  position: relative;
+  display: none;
+  -webkit-box-align: center;
+  -ms-flex-align: center;
+  align-items: center;
+  width: 100%;
+  transition: -webkit-transform 0.6s ease;
+  transition: transform 0.6s ease;
+  transition: transform 0.6s ease, -webkit-transform 0.6s ease;
+  -webkit-backface-visibility: hidden;
+  backface-visibility: hidden;
+  -webkit-perspective: 1000px;
+  perspective: 1000px;
+}
+
+.carousel-item.active,
+.carousel-item-next,
+.carousel-item-prev {
+  display: block;
+}
+
+.carousel-item-next,
+.carousel-item-prev {
+  position: absolute;
+  top: 0;
+}
+
+.carousel-item-next.carousel-item-left,
+.carousel-item-prev.carousel-item-right {
+  -webkit-transform: translateX(0);
+  transform: translateX(0);
+}
+
+@supports ((-webkit-transform-style: preserve-3d) or (transform-style: preserve-3d)) {
+  .carousel-item-next.carousel-item-left,
+  .carousel-item-prev.carousel-item-right {
+    -webkit-transform: translate3d(0, 0, 0);
+    transform: translate3d(0, 0, 0);
+  }
+}
+
+.carousel-item-next,
+.active.carousel-item-right {
+  -webkit-transform: translateX(100%);
+  transform: translateX(100%);
+}
+
+@supports ((-webkit-transform-style: preserve-3d) or (transform-style: preserve-3d)) {
+  .carousel-item-next,
+  .active.carousel-item-right {
+    -webkit-transform: translate3d(100%, 0, 0);
+    transform: translate3d(100%, 0, 0);
+  }
+}
+
+.carousel-item-prev,
+.active.carousel-item-left {
+  -webkit-transform: translateX(-100%);
+  transform: translateX(-100%);
+}
+
+@supports ((-webkit-transform-style: preserve-3d) or (transform-style: preserve-3d)) {
+  .carousel-item-prev,
+  .active.carousel-item-left {
+    -webkit-transform: translate3d(-100%, 0, 0);
+    transform: translate3d(-100%, 0, 0);
+  }
+}
+
+.carousel-control-prev,
+.carousel-control-next {
+  position: absolute;
+  top: 0;
+  bottom: 0;
+  display: -webkit-box;
+  display: -ms-flexbox;
+  display: flex;
+  -webkit-box-align: center;
+  -ms-flex-align: center;
+  align-items: center;
+  -webkit-box-pack: center;
+  -ms-flex-pack: center;
+  justify-content: center;
+  width: 15%;
+  color: #fff;
+  text-align: center;
+  opacity: 0.5;
+}
+
+.carousel-control-prev:hover, .carousel-control-prev:focus,
+.carousel-control-next:hover,
+.carousel-control-next:focus {
+  color: #fff;
+  text-decoration: none;
+  outline: 0;
+  opacity: .9;
+}
+
+.carousel-control-prev {
+  left: 0;
+}
+
+.carousel-control-next {
+  right: 0;
+}
+
+.carousel-control-prev-icon,
+.carousel-control-next-icon {
+  display: inline-block;
+  width: 20px;
+  height: 20px;
+  background: transparent no-repeat center center;
+  background-size: 100% 100%;
+}
+
+.carousel-control-prev-icon {
+  background-image: url("data:image/svg+xml;charset=utf8,%3Csvg xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg' fill='%23fff' viewBox='0 0 8 8'%3E%3Cpath d='M5.25 0l-4 4 4 4 1.5-1.5-2.5-2.5 2.5-2.5-1.5-1.5z'/%3E%3C/svg%3E");
+}
+
+.carousel-control-next-icon {
+  background-image: url("data:image/svg+xml;charset=utf8,%3Csvg xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg' fill='%23fff' viewBox='0 0 8 8'%3E%3Cpath d='M2.75 0l-1.5 1.5 2.5 2.5-2.5 2.5 1.5 1.5 4-4-4-4z'/%3E%3C/svg%3E");
+}
+
+.carousel-indicators {
+  position: absolute;
+  right: 0;
+  bottom: 10px;
+  left: 0;
+  z-index: 15;
+  display: -webkit-box;
+  display: -ms-flexbox;
+  display: flex;
+  -webkit-box-pack: center;
+  -ms-flex-pack: center;
+  justify-content: center;
+  padding-left: 0;
+  margin-right: 15%;
+  margin-left: 15%;
+  list-style: none;
+}
+
+.carousel-indicators li {
+  position: relative;
+  -webkit-box-flex: 0;
+  -ms-flex: 0 1 auto;
+  flex: 0 1 auto;
+  width: 30px;
+  height: 3px;
+  margin-right: 3px;
+  margin-left: 3px;
+  text-indent: -999px;
+  background-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.5);
+}
+
+.carousel-indicators li::before {
+  position: absolute;
+  top: -10px;
+  left: 0;
+  display: inline-block;
+  width: 100%;
+  height: 10px;
+  content: "";
+}
+
+.carousel-indicators li::after {
+  position: absolute;
+  bottom: -10px;
+  left: 0;
+  display: inline-block;
+  width: 100%;
+  height: 10px;
+  content: "";
+}
+
+.carousel-indicators .active {
+  background-color: #fff;
+}
+
+.carousel-caption {
+  position: absolute;
+  right: 15%;
+  bottom: 20px;
+  left: 15%;
+  z-index: 10;
+  padding-top: 20px;
+  padding-bottom: 20px;
+  color: #fff;
+  text-align: center;
+}
+
+.align-baseline {
+  vertical-align: baseline !important;
+}
+
+.align-top {
+  vertical-align: top !important;
+}
+
+.align-middle {
+  vertical-align: middle !important;
+}
+
+.align-bottom {
+  vertical-align: bottom !important;
+}
+
+.align-text-bottom {
+  vertical-align: text-bottom !important;
+}
+
+.align-text-top {
+  vertical-align: text-top !important;
+}
+
+.bg-primary {
+  background-color: #007bff !important;
+}
+
+a.bg-primary:hover, a.bg-primary:focus,
+button.bg-primary:hover,
+button.bg-primary:focus {
+  background-color: #0062cc !important;
+}
+
+.bg-secondary {
+  background-color: #6c757d !important;
+}
+
+a.bg-secondary:hover, a.bg-secondary:focus,
+button.bg-secondary:hover,
+button.bg-secondary:focus {
+  background-color: #545b62 !important;
+}
+
+.bg-success {
+  background-color: #28a745 !important;
+}
+
+a.bg-success:hover, a.bg-success:focus,
+button.bg-success:hover,
+button.bg-success:focus {
+  background-color: #1e7e34 !important;
+}
+
+.bg-info {
+  background-color: #17a2b8 !important;
+}
+
+a.bg-info:hover, a.bg-info:focus,
+button.bg-info:hover,
+button.bg-info:focus {
+  background-color: #117a8b !important;
+}
+
+.bg-warning {
+  background-color: #ffc107 !important;
+}
+
+a.bg-warning:hover, a.bg-warning:focus,
+button.bg-warning:hover,
+button.bg-warning:focus {
+  background-color: #d39e00 !important;
+}
+
+.bg-danger {
+  background-color: #dc3545 !important;
+}
+
+a.bg-danger:hover, a.bg-danger:focus,
+button.bg-danger:hover,
+button.bg-danger:focus {
+  background-color: #bd2130 !important;
+}
+
+.bg-light {
+  background-color: #f8f9fa !important;
+}
+
+a.bg-light:hover, a.bg-light:focus,
+button.bg-light:hover,
+button.bg-light:focus {
+  background-color: #dae0e5 !important;
+}
+
+.bg-dark {
+  background-color: #343a40 !important;
+}
+
+a.bg-dark:hover, a.bg-dark:focus,
+button.bg-dark:hover,
+button.bg-dark:focus {
+  background-color: #1d2124 !important;
+}
+
+.bg-white {
+  background-color: #fff !important;
+}
+
+.bg-transparent {
+  background-color: transparent !important;
+}
+
+.border {
+  border: 1px solid #dee2e6 !important;
+}
+
+.border-top {
+  border-top: 1px solid #dee2e6 !important;
+}
+
+.border-right {
+  border-right: 1px solid #dee2e6 !important;
+}
+
+.border-bottom {
+  border-bottom: 1px solid #dee2e6 !important;
+}
+
+.border-left {
+  border-left: 1px solid #dee2e6 !important;
+}
+
+.border-0 {
+  border: 0 !important;
+}
+
+.border-top-0 {
+  border-top: 0 !important;
+}
+
+.border-right-0 {
+  border-right: 0 !important;
+}
+
+.border-bottom-0 {
+  border-bottom: 0 !important;
+}
+
+.border-left-0 {
+  border-left: 0 !important;
+}
+
+.border-primary {
+  border-color: #007bff !important;
+}
+
+.border-secondary {
+  border-color: #6c757d !important;
+}
+
+.border-success {
+  border-color: #28a745 !important;
+}
+
+.border-info {
+  border-color: #17a2b8 !important;
+}
+
+.border-warning {
+  border-color: #ffc107 !important;
+}
+
+.border-danger {
+  border-color: #dc3545 !important;
+}
+
+.border-light {
+  border-color: #f8f9fa !important;
+}
+
+.border-dark {
+  border-color: #343a40 !important;
+}
+
+.border-white {
+  border-color: #fff !important;
+}
+
+.rounded {
+  border-radius: 0.25rem !important;
+}
+
+.rounded-top {
+  border-top-left-radius: 0.25rem !important;
+  border-top-right-radius: 0.25rem !important;
+}
+
+.rounded-right {
+  border-top-right-radius: 0.25rem !important;
+  border-bottom-right-radius: 0.25rem !important;
+}
+
+.rounded-bottom {
+  border-bottom-right-radius: 0.25rem !important;
+  border-bottom-left-radius: 0.25rem !important;
+}
+
+.rounded-left {
+  border-top-left-radius: 0.25rem !important;
+  border-bottom-left-radius: 0.25rem !important;
+}
+
+.rounded-circle {
+  border-radius: 50% !important;
+}
+
+.rounded-0 {
+  border-radius: 0 !important;
+}
+
+.clearfix::after {
+  display: block;
+  clear: both;
+  content: "";
+}
+
+.d-none {
+  display: none !important;
+}
+
+.d-inline {
+  display: inline !important;
+}
+
+.d-inline-block {
+  display: inline-block !important;
+}
+
+.d-block {
+  display: block !important;
+}
+
+.d-table {
+  display: table !important;
+}
+
+.d-table-row {
+  display: table-row !important;
+}
+
+.d-table-cell {
+  display: table-cell !important;
+}
+
+.d-flex {
+  display: -webkit-box !important;
+  display: -ms-flexbox !important;
+  display: flex !important;
+}
+
+.d-inline-flex {
+  display: -webkit-inline-box !important;
+  display: -ms-inline-flexbox !important;
+  display: inline-flex !important;
+}
+
+@media (min-width: 576px) {
+  .d-sm-none {
+    display: none !important;
+  }
+  .d-sm-inline {
+    display: inline !important;
+  }
+  .d-sm-inline-block {
+    display: inline-block !important;
+  }
+  .d-sm-block {
+    display: block !important;
+  }
+  .d-sm-table {
+    display: table !important;
+  }
+  .d-sm-table-row {
+    display: table-row !important;
+  }
+  .d-sm-table-cell {
+    display: table-cell !important;
+  }
+  .d-sm-flex {
+    display: -webkit-box !important;
+    display: -ms-flexbox !important;
+    display: flex !important;
+  }
+  .d-sm-inline-flex {
+    display: -webkit-inline-box !important;
+    display: -ms-inline-flexbox !important;
+    display: inline-flex !important;
+  }
+}
+
+@media (min-width: 768px) {
+  .d-md-none {
+    display: none !important;
+  }
+  .d-md-inline {
+    display: inline !important;
+  }
+  .d-md-inline-block {
+    display: inline-block !important;
+  }
+  .d-md-block {
+    display: block !important;
+  }
+  .d-md-table {
+    display: table !important;
+  }
+  .d-md-table-row {
+    display: table-row !important;
+  }
+  .d-md-table-cell {
+    display: table-cell !important;
+  }
+  .d-md-flex {
+    display: -webkit-box !important;
+    display: -ms-flexbox !important;
+    display: flex !important;
+  }
+  .d-md-inline-flex {
+    display: -webkit-inline-box !important;
+    display: -ms-inline-flexbox !important;
+    display: inline-flex !important;
+  }
+}
+
+@media (min-width: 992px) {
+  .d-lg-none {
+    display: none !important;
+  }
+  .d-lg-inline {
+    display: inline !important;
+  }
+  .d-lg-inline-block {
+    display: inline-block !important;
+  }
+  .d-lg-block {
+    display: block !important;
+  }
+  .d-lg-table {
+    display: table !important;
+  }
+  .d-lg-table-row {
+    display: table-row !important;
+  }
+  .d-lg-table-cell {
+    display: table-cell !important;
+  }
+  .d-lg-flex {
+    display: -webkit-box !important;
+    display: -ms-flexbox !important;
+    display: flex !important;
+  }
+  .d-lg-inline-flex {
+    display: -webkit-inline-box !important;
+    display: -ms-inline-flexbox !important;
+    display: inline-flex !important;
+  }
+}
+
+@media (min-width: 1200px) {
+  .d-xl-none {
+    display: none !important;
+  }
+  .d-xl-inline {
+    display: inline !important;
+  }
+  .d-xl-inline-block {
+    display: inline-block !important;
+  }
+  .d-xl-block {
+    display: block !important;
+  }
+  .d-xl-table {
+    display: table !important;
+  }
+  .d-xl-table-row {
+    display: table-row !important;
+  }
+  .d-xl-table-cell {
+    display: table-cell !important;
+  }
+  .d-xl-flex {
+    display: -webkit-box !important;
+    display: -ms-flexbox !important;
+    display: flex !important;
+  }
+  .d-xl-inline-flex {
+    display: -webkit-inline-box !important;
+    display: -ms-inline-flexbox !important;
+    display: inline-flex !important;
+  }
+}
+
+@media print {
+  .d-print-none {
+    display: none !important;
+  }
+  .d-print-inline {
+    display: inline !important;
+  }
+  .d-print-inline-block {
+    display: inline-block !important;
+  }
+  .d-print-block {
+    display: block !important;
+  }
+  .d-print-table {
+    display: table !important;
+  }
+  .d-print-table-row {
+    display: table-row !important;
+  }
+  .d-print-table-cell {
+    display: table-cell !important;
+  }
+  .d-print-flex {
+    display: -webkit-box !important;
+    display: -ms-flexbox !important;
+    display: flex !important;
+  }
+  .d-print-inline-flex {
+    display: -webkit-inline-box !important;
+    display: -ms-inline-flexbox !important;
+    display: inline-flex !important;
+  }
+}
+
+.embed-responsive {
+  position: relative;
+  display: block;
+  width: 100%;
+  padding: 0;
+  overflow: hidden;
+}
+
+.embed-responsive::before {
+  display: block;
+  content: "";
+}
+
+.embed-responsive .embed-responsive-item,
+.embed-responsive iframe,
+.embed-responsive embed,
+.embed-responsive object,
+.embed-responsive video {
+  position: absolute;
+  top: 0;
+  bottom: 0;
+  left: 0;
+  width: 100%;
+  height: 100%;
+  border: 0;
+}
+
+.embed-responsive-21by9::before {
+  padding-top: 42.857143%;
+}
+
+.embed-responsive-16by9::before {
+  padding-top: 56.25%;
+}
+
+.embed-responsive-4by3::before {
+  padding-top: 75%;
+}
+
+.embed-responsive-1by1::before {
+  padding-top: 100%;
+}
+
+.flex-row {
+  -webkit-box-orient: horizontal !important;
+  -webkit-box-direction: normal !important;
+  -ms-flex-direction: row !important;
+  flex-direction: row !important;
+}
+
+.flex-column {
+  -webkit-box-orient: vertical !important;
+  -webkit-box-direction: normal !important;
+  -ms-flex-direction: column !important;
+  flex-direction: column !important;
+}
+
+.flex-row-reverse {
+  -webkit-box-orient: horizontal !important;
+  -webkit-box-direction: reverse !important;
+  -ms-flex-direction: row-reverse !important;
+  flex-direction: row-reverse !important;
+}
+
+.flex-column-reverse {
+  -webkit-box-orient: vertical !important;
+  -webkit-box-direction: reverse !important;
+  -ms-flex-direction: column-reverse !important;
+  flex-direction: column-reverse !important;
+}
+
+.flex-wrap {
+  -ms-flex-wrap: wrap !important;
+  flex-wrap: wrap !important;
+}
+
+.flex-nowrap {
+  -ms-flex-wrap: nowrap !important;
+  flex-wrap: nowrap !important;
+}
+
+.flex-wrap-reverse {
+  -ms-flex-wrap: wrap-reverse !important;
+  flex-wrap: wrap-reverse !important;
+}
+
+.justify-content-start {
+  -webkit-box-pack: start !important;
+  -ms-flex-pack: start !important;
+  justify-content: flex-start !important;
+}
+
+.justify-content-end {
+  -webkit-box-pack: end !important;
+  -ms-flex-pack: end !important;
+  justify-content: flex-end !important;
+}
+
+.justify-content-center {
+  -webkit-box-pack: center !important;
+  -ms-flex-pack: center !important;
+  justify-content: center !important;
+}
+
+.justify-content-between {
+  -webkit-box-pack: justify !important;
+  -ms-flex-pack: justify !important;
+  justify-content: space-between !important;
+}
+
+.justify-content-around {
+  -ms-flex-pack: distribute !important;
+  justify-content: space-around !important;
+}
+
+.align-items-start {
+  -webkit-box-align: start !important;
+  -ms-flex-align: start !important;
+  align-items: flex-start !important;
+}
+
+.align-items-end {
+  -webkit-box-align: end !important;
+  -ms-flex-align: end !important;
+  align-items: flex-end !important;
+}
+
+.align-items-center {
+  -webkit-box-align: center !important;
+  -ms-flex-align: center !important;
+  align-items: center !important;
+}
+
+.align-items-baseline {
+  -webkit-box-align: baseline !important;
+  -ms-flex-align: baseline !important;
+  align-items: baseline !important;
+}
+
+.align-items-stretch {
+  -webkit-box-align: stretch !important;
+  -ms-flex-align: stretch !important;
+  align-items: stretch !important;
+}
+
+.align-content-start {
+  -ms-flex-line-pack: start !important;
+  align-content: flex-start !important;
+}
+
+.align-content-end {
+  -ms-flex-line-pack: end !important;
+  align-content: flex-end !important;
+}
+
+.align-content-center {
+  -ms-flex-line-pack: center !important;
+  align-content: center !important;
+}
+
+.align-content-between {
+  -ms-flex-line-pack: justify !important;
+  align-content: space-between !important;
+}
+
+.align-content-around {
+  -ms-flex-line-pack: distribute !important;
+  align-content: space-around !important;
+}
+
+.align-content-stretch {
+  -ms-flex-line-pack: stretch !important;
+  align-content: stretch !important;
+}
+
+.align-self-auto {
+  -ms-flex-item-align: auto !important;
+  align-self: auto !important;
+}
+
+.align-self-start {
+  -ms-flex-item-align: start !important;
+  align-self: flex-start !important;
+}
+
+.align-self-end {
+  -ms-flex-item-align: end !important;
+  align-self: flex-end !important;
+}
+
+.align-self-center {
+  -ms-flex-item-align: center !important;
+  align-self: center !important;
+}
+
+.align-self-baseline {
+  -ms-flex-item-align: baseline !important;
+  align-self: baseline !important;
+}
+
+.align-self-stretch {
+  -ms-flex-item-align: stretch !important;
+  align-self: stretch !important;
+}
+
+@media (min-width: 576px) {
+  .flex-sm-row {
+    -webkit-box-orient: horizontal !important;
+    -webkit-box-direction: normal !important;
+    -ms-flex-direction: row !important;
+    flex-direction: row !important;
+  }
+  .flex-sm-column {
+    -webkit-box-orient: vertical !important;
+    -webkit-box-direction: normal !important;
+    -ms-flex-direction: column !important;
+    flex-direction: column !important;
+  }
+  .flex-sm-row-reverse {
+    -webkit-box-orient: horizontal !important;
+    -webkit-box-direction: reverse !important;
+    -ms-flex-direction: row-reverse !important;
+    flex-direction: row-reverse !important;
+  }
+  .flex-sm-column-reverse {
+    -webkit-box-orient: vertical !important;
+    -webkit-box-direction: reverse !important;
+    -ms-flex-direction: column-reverse !important;
+    flex-direction: column-reverse !important;
+  }
+  .flex-sm-wrap {
+    -ms-flex-wrap: wrap !important;
+    flex-wrap: wrap !important;
+  }
+  .flex-sm-nowrap {
+    -ms-flex-wrap: nowrap !important;
+    flex-wrap: nowrap !important;
+  }
+  .flex-sm-wrap-reverse {
+    -ms-flex-wrap: wrap-reverse !important;
+    flex-wrap: wrap-reverse !important;
+  }
+  .justify-content-sm-start {
+    -webkit-box-pack: start !important;
+    -ms-flex-pack: start !important;
+    justify-content: flex-start !important;
+  }
+  .justify-content-sm-end {
+    -webkit-box-pack: end !important;
+    -ms-flex-pack: end !important;
+    justify-content: flex-end !important;
+  }
+  .justify-content-sm-center {
+    -webkit-box-pack: center !important;
+    -ms-flex-pack: center !important;
+    justify-content: center !important;
+  }
+  .justify-content-sm-between {
+    -webkit-box-pack: justify !important;
+    -ms-flex-pack: justify !important;
+    justify-content: space-between !important;
+  }
+  .justify-content-sm-around {
+    -ms-flex-pack: distribute !important;
+    justify-content: space-around !important;
+  }
+  .align-items-sm-start {
+    -webkit-box-align: start !important;
+    -ms-flex-align: start !important;
+    align-items: flex-start !important;
+  }
+  .align-items-sm-end {
+    -webkit-box-align: end !important;
+    -ms-flex-align: end !important;
+    align-items: flex-end !important;
+  }
+  .align-items-sm-center {
+    -webkit-box-align: center !important;
+    -ms-flex-align: center !important;
+    align-items: center !important;
+  }
+  .align-items-sm-baseline {
+    -webkit-box-align: baseline !important;
+    -ms-flex-align: baseline !important;
+    align-items: baseline !important;
+  }
+  .align-items-sm-stretch {
+    -webkit-box-align: stretch !important;
+    -ms-flex-align: stretch !important;
+    align-items: stretch !important;
+  }
+  .align-content-sm-start {
+    -ms-flex-line-pack: start !important;
+    align-content: flex-start !important;
+  }
+  .align-content-sm-end {
+    -ms-flex-line-pack: end !important;
+    align-content: flex-end !important;
+  }
+  .align-content-sm-center {
+    -ms-flex-line-pack: center !important;
+    align-content: center !important;
+  }
+  .align-content-sm-between {
+    -ms-flex-line-pack: justify !important;
+    align-content: space-between !important;
+  }
+  .align-content-sm-around {
+    -ms-flex-line-pack: distribute !important;
+    align-content: space-around !important;
+  }
+  .align-content-sm-stretch {
+    -ms-flex-line-pack: stretch !important;
+    align-content: stretch !important;
+  }
+  .align-self-sm-auto {
+    -ms-flex-item-align: auto !important;
+    align-self: auto !important;
+  }
+  .align-self-sm-start {
+    -ms-flex-item-align: start !important;
+    align-self: flex-start !important;
+  }
+  .align-self-sm-end {
+    -ms-flex-item-align: end !important;
+    align-self: flex-end !important;
+  }
+  .align-self-sm-center {
+    -ms-flex-item-align: center !important;
+    align-self: center !important;
+  }
+  .align-self-sm-baseline {
+    -ms-flex-item-align: baseline !important;
+    align-self: baseline !important;
+  }
+  .align-self-sm-stretch {
+    -ms-flex-item-align: stretch !important;
+    align-self: stretch !important;
+  }
+}
+
+@media (min-width: 768px) {
+  .flex-md-row {
+    -webkit-box-orient: horizontal !important;
+    -webkit-box-direction: normal !important;
+    -ms-flex-direction: row !important;
+    flex-direction: row !important;
+  }
+  .flex-md-column {
+    -webkit-box-orient: vertical !important;
+    -webkit-box-direction: normal !important;
+    -ms-flex-direction: column !important;
+    flex-direction: column !important;
+  }
+  .flex-md-row-reverse {
+    -webkit-box-orient: horizontal !important;
+    -webkit-box-direction: reverse !important;
+    -ms-flex-direction: row-reverse !important;
+    flex-direction: row-reverse !important;
+  }
+  .flex-md-column-reverse {
+    -webkit-box-orient: vertical !important;
+    -webkit-box-direction: reverse !important;
+    -ms-flex-direction: column-reverse !important;
+    flex-direction: column-reverse !important;
+  }
+  .flex-md-wrap {
+    -ms-flex-wrap: wrap !important;
+    flex-wrap: wrap !important;
+  }
+  .flex-md-nowrap {
+    -ms-flex-wrap: nowrap !important;
+    flex-wrap: nowrap !important;
+  }
+  .flex-md-wrap-reverse {
+    -ms-flex-wrap: wrap-reverse !important;
+    flex-wrap: wrap-reverse !important;
+  }
+  .justify-content-md-start {
+    -webkit-box-pack: start !important;
+    -ms-flex-pack: start !important;
+    justify-content: flex-start !important;
+  }
+  .justify-content-md-end {
+    -webkit-box-pack: end !important;
+    -ms-flex-pack: end !important;
+    justify-content: flex-end !important;
+  }
+  .justify-content-md-center {
+    -webkit-box-pack: center !important;
+    -ms-flex-pack: center !important;
+    justify-content: center !important;
+  }
+  .justify-content-md-between {
+    -webkit-box-pack: justify !important;
+    -ms-flex-pack: justify !important;
+    justify-content: space-between !important;
+  }
+  .justify-content-md-around {
+    -ms-flex-pack: distribute !important;
+    justify-content: space-around !important;
+  }
+  .align-items-md-start {
+    -webkit-box-align: start !important;
+    -ms-flex-align: start !important;
+    align-items: flex-start !important;
+  }
+  .align-items-md-end {
+    -webkit-box-align: end !important;
+    -ms-flex-align: end !important;
+    align-items: flex-end !important;
+  }
+  .align-items-md-center {
+    -webkit-box-align: center !important;
+    -ms-flex-align: center !important;
+    align-items: center !important;
+  }
+  .align-items-md-baseline {
+    -webkit-box-align: baseline !important;
+    -ms-flex-align: baseline !important;
+    align-items: baseline !important;
+  }
+  .align-items-md-stretch {
+    -webkit-box-align: stretch !important;
+    -ms-flex-align: stretch !important;
+    align-items: stretch !important;
+  }
+  .align-content-md-start {
+    -ms-flex-line-pack: start !important;
+    align-content: flex-start !important;
+  }
+  .align-content-md-end {
+    -ms-flex-line-pack: end !important;
+    align-content: flex-end !important;
+  }
+  .align-content-md-center {
+    -ms-flex-line-pack: center !important;
+    align-content: center !important;
+  }
+  .align-content-md-between {
+    -ms-flex-line-pack: justify !important;
+    align-content: space-between !important;
+  }
+  .align-content-md-around {
+    -ms-flex-line-pack: distribute !important;
+    align-content: space-around !important;
+  }
+  .align-content-md-stretch {
+    -ms-flex-line-pack: stretch !important;
+    align-content: stretch !important;
+  }
+  .align-self-md-auto {
+    -ms-flex-item-align: auto !important;
+    align-self: auto !important;
+  }
+  .align-self-md-start {
+    -ms-flex-item-align: start !important;
+    align-self: flex-start !important;
+  }
+  .align-self-md-end {
+    -ms-flex-item-align: end !important;
+    align-self: flex-end !important;
+  }
+  .align-self-md-center {
+    -ms-flex-item-align: center !important;
+    align-self: center !important;
+  }
+  .align-self-md-baseline {
+    -ms-flex-item-align: baseline !important;
+    align-self: baseline !important;
+  }
+  .align-self-md-stretch {
+    -ms-flex-item-align: stretch !important;
+    align-self: stretch !important;
+  }
+}
+
+@media (min-width: 992px) {
+  .flex-lg-row {
+    -webkit-box-orient: horizontal !important;
+    -webkit-box-direction: normal !important;
+    -ms-flex-direction: row !important;
+    flex-direction: row !important;
+  }
+  .flex-lg-column {
+    -webkit-box-orient: vertical !important;
+    -webkit-box-direction: normal !important;
+    -ms-flex-direction: column !important;
+    flex-direction: column !important;
+  }
+  .flex-lg-row-reverse {
+    -webkit-box-orient: horizontal !important;
+    -webkit-box-direction: reverse !important;
+    -ms-flex-direction: row-reverse !important;
+    flex-direction: row-reverse !important;
+  }
+  .flex-lg-column-reverse {
+    -webkit-box-orient: vertical !important;
+    -webkit-box-direction: reverse !important;
+    -ms-flex-direction: column-reverse !important;
+    flex-direction: column-reverse !important;
+  }
+  .flex-lg-wrap {
+    -ms-flex-wrap: wrap !important;
+    flex-wrap: wrap !important;
+  }
+  .flex-lg-nowrap {
+    -ms-flex-wrap: nowrap !important;
+    flex-wrap: nowrap !important;
+  }
+  .flex-lg-wrap-reverse {
+    -ms-flex-wrap: wrap-reverse !important;
+    flex-wrap: wrap-reverse !important;
+  }
+  .justify-content-lg-start {
+    -webkit-box-pack: start !important;
+    -ms-flex-pack: start !important;
+    justify-content: flex-start !important;
+  }
+  .justify-content-lg-end {
+    -webkit-box-pack: end !important;
+    -ms-flex-pack: end !important;
+    justify-content: flex-end !important;
+  }
+  .justify-content-lg-center {
+    -webkit-box-pack: center !important;
+    -ms-flex-pack: center !important;
+    justify-content: center !important;
+  }
+  .justify-content-lg-between {
+    -webkit-box-pack: justify !important;
+    -ms-flex-pack: justify !important;
+    justify-content: space-between !important;
+  }
+  .justify-content-lg-around {
+    -ms-flex-pack: distribute !important;
+    justify-content: space-around !important;
+  }
+  .align-items-lg-start {
+    -webkit-box-align: start !important;
+    -ms-flex-align: start !important;
+    align-items: flex-start !important;
+  }
+  .align-items-lg-end {
+    -webkit-box-align: end !important;
+    -ms-flex-align: end !important;
+    align-items: flex-end !important;
+  }
+  .align-items-lg-center {
+    -webkit-box-align: center !important;
+    -ms-flex-align: center !important;
+    align-items: center !important;
+  }
+  .align-items-lg-baseline {
+    -webkit-box-align: baseline !important;
+    -ms-flex-align: baseline !important;
+    align-items: baseline !important;
+  }
+  .align-items-lg-stretch {
+    -webkit-box-align: stretch !important;
+    -ms-flex-align: stretch !important;
+    align-items: stretch !important;
+  }
+  .align-content-lg-start {
+    -ms-flex-line-pack: start !important;
+    align-content: flex-start !important;
+  }
+  .align-content-lg-end {
+    -ms-flex-line-pack: end !important;
+    align-content: flex-end !important;
+  }
+  .align-content-lg-center {
+    -ms-flex-line-pack: center !important;
+    align-content: center !important;
+  }
+  .align-content-lg-between {
+    -ms-flex-line-pack: justify !important;
+    align-content: space-between !important;
+  }
+  .align-content-lg-around {
+    -ms-flex-line-pack: distribute !important;
+    align-content: space-around !important;
+  }
+  .align-content-lg-stretch {
+    -ms-flex-line-pack: stretch !important;
+    align-content: stretch !important;
+  }
+  .align-self-lg-auto {
+    -ms-flex-item-align: auto !important;
+    align-self: auto !important;
+  }
+  .align-self-lg-start {
+    -ms-flex-item-align: start !important;
+    align-self: flex-start !important;
+  }
+  .align-self-lg-end {
+    -ms-flex-item-align: end !important;
+    align-self: flex-end !important;
+  }
+  .align-self-lg-center {
+    -ms-flex-item-align: center !important;
+    align-self: center !important;
+  }
+  .align-self-lg-baseline {
+    -ms-flex-item-align: baseline !important;
+    align-self: baseline !important;
+  }
+  .align-self-lg-stretch {
+    -ms-flex-item-align: stretch !important;
+    align-self: stretch !important;
+  }
+}
+
+@media (min-width: 1200px) {
+  .flex-xl-row {
+    -webkit-box-orient: horizontal !important;
+    -webkit-box-direction: normal !important;
+    -ms-flex-direction: row !important;
+    flex-direction: row !important;
+  }
+  .flex-xl-column {
+    -webkit-box-orient: vertical !important;
+    -webkit-box-direction: normal !important;
+    -ms-flex-direction: column !important;
+    flex-direction: column !important;
+  }
+  .flex-xl-row-reverse {
+    -webkit-box-orient: horizontal !important;
+    -webkit-box-direction: reverse !important;
+    -ms-flex-direction: row-reverse !important;
+    flex-direction: row-reverse !important;
+  }
+  .flex-xl-column-reverse {
+    -webkit-box-orient: vertical !important;
+    -webkit-box-direction: reverse !important;
+    -ms-flex-direction: column-reverse !important;
+    flex-direction: column-reverse !important;
+  }
+  .flex-xl-wrap {
+    -ms-flex-wrap: wrap !important;
+    flex-wrap: wrap !important;
+  }
+  .flex-xl-nowrap {
+    -ms-flex-wrap: nowrap !important;
+    flex-wrap: nowrap !important;
+  }
+  .flex-xl-wrap-reverse {
+    -ms-flex-wrap: wrap-reverse !important;
+    flex-wrap: wrap-reverse !important;
+  }
+  .justify-content-xl-start {
+    -webkit-box-pack: start !important;
+    -ms-flex-pack: start !important;
+    justify-content: flex-start !important;
+  }
+  .justify-content-xl-end {
+    -webkit-box-pack: end !important;
+    -ms-flex-pack: end !important;
+    justify-content: flex-end !important;
+  }
+  .justify-content-xl-center {
+    -webkit-box-pack: center !important;
+    -ms-flex-pack: center !important;
+    justify-content: center !important;
+  }
+  .justify-content-xl-between {
+    -webkit-box-pack: justify !important;
+    -ms-flex-pack: justify !important;
+    justify-content: space-between !important;
+  }
+  .justify-content-xl-around {
+    -ms-flex-pack: distribute !important;
+    justify-content: space-around !important;
+  }
+  .align-items-xl-start {
+    -webkit-box-align: start !important;
+    -ms-flex-align: start !important;
+    align-items: flex-start !important;
+  }
+  .align-items-xl-end {
+    -webkit-box-align: end !important;
+    -ms-flex-align: end !important;
+    align-items: flex-end !important;
+  }
+  .align-items-xl-center {
+    -webkit-box-align: center !important;
+    -ms-flex-align: center !important;
+    align-items: center !important;
+  }
+  .align-items-xl-baseline {
+    -webkit-box-align: baseline !important;
+    -ms-flex-align: baseline !important;
+    align-items: baseline !important;
+  }
+  .align-items-xl-stretch {
+    -webkit-box-align: stretch !important;
+    -ms-flex-align: stretch !important;
+    align-items: stretch !important;
+  }
+  .align-content-xl-start {
+    -ms-flex-line-pack: start !important;
+    align-content: flex-start !important;
+  }
+  .align-content-xl-end {
+    -ms-flex-line-pack: end !important;
+    align-content: flex-end !important;
+  }
+  .align-content-xl-center {
+    -ms-flex-line-pack: center !important;
+    align-content: center !important;
+  }
+  .align-content-xl-between {
+    -ms-flex-line-pack: justify !important;
+    align-content: space-between !important;
+  }
+  .align-content-xl-around {
+    -ms-flex-line-pack: distribute !important;
+    align-content: space-around !important;
+  }
+  .align-content-xl-stretch {
+    -ms-flex-line-pack: stretch !important;
+    align-content: stretch !important;
+  }
+  .align-self-xl-auto {
+    -ms-flex-item-align: auto !important;
+    align-self: auto !important;
+  }
+  .align-self-xl-start {
+    -ms-flex-item-align: start !important;
+    align-self: flex-start !important;
+  }
+  .align-self-xl-end {
+    -ms-flex-item-align: end !important;
+    align-self: flex-end !important;
+  }
+  .align-self-xl-center {
+    -ms-flex-item-align: center !important;
+    align-self: center !important;
+  }
+  .align-self-xl-baseline {
+    -ms-flex-item-align: baseline !important;
+    align-self: baseline !important;
+  }
+  .align-self-xl-stretch {
+    -ms-flex-item-align: stretch !important;
+    align-self: stretch !important;
+  }
+}
+
+.float-left {
+  float: left !important;
+}
+
+.float-right {
+  float: right !important;
+}
+
+.float-none {
+  float: none !important;
+}
+
+@media (min-width: 576px) {
+  .float-sm-left {
+    float: left !important;
+  }
+  .float-sm-right {
+    float: right !important;
+  }
+  .float-sm-none {
+    float: none !important;
+  }
+}
+
+@media (min-width: 768px) {
+  .float-md-left {
+    float: left !important;
+  }
+  .float-md-right {
+    float: right !important;
+  }
+  .float-md-none {
+    float: none !important;
+  }
+}
+
+@media (min-width: 992px) {
+  .float-lg-left {
+    float: left !important;
+  }
+  .float-lg-right {
+    float: right !important;
+  }
+  .float-lg-none {
+    float: none !important;
+  }
+}
+
+@media (min-width: 1200px) {
+  .float-xl-left {
+    float: left !important;
+  }
+  .float-xl-right {
+    float: right !important;
+  }
+  .float-xl-none {
+    float: none !important;
+  }
+}
+
+.position-static {
+  position: static !important;
+}
+
+.position-relative {
+  position: relative !important;
+}
+
+.position-absolute {
+  position: absolute !important;
+}
+
+.position-fixed {
+  position: fixed !important;
+}
+
+.position-sticky {
+  position: -webkit-sticky !important;
+  position: sticky !important;
+}
+
+.fixed-top {
+  position: fixed;
+  top: 0;
+  right: 0;
+  left: 0;
+  z-index: 1030;
+}
+
+.fixed-bottom {
+  position: fixed;
+  right: 0;
+  bottom: 0;
+  left: 0;
+  z-index: 1030;
+}
+
+@supports ((position: -webkit-sticky) or (position: sticky)) {
+  .sticky-top {
+    position: -webkit-sticky;
+    position: sticky;
+    top: 0;
+    z-index: 1020;
+  }
+}
+
+.sr-only {
+  position: absolute;
+  width: 1px;
+  height: 1px;
+  padding: 0;
+  overflow: hidden;
+  clip: rect(0, 0, 0, 0);
+  white-space: nowrap;
+  -webkit-clip-path: inset(50%);
+  clip-path: inset(50%);
+  border: 0;
+}
+
+.sr-only-focusable:active, .sr-only-focusable:focus {
+  position: static;
+  width: auto;
+  height: auto;
+  overflow: visible;
+  clip: auto;
+  white-space: normal;
+  -webkit-clip-path: none;
+  clip-path: none;
+}
+
+.w-25 {
+  width: 25% !important;
+}
+
+.w-50 {
+  width: 50% !important;
+}
+
+.w-75 {
+  width: 75% !important;
+}
+
+.w-100 {
+  width: 100% !important;
+}
+
+.h-25 {
+  height: 25% !important;
+}
+
+.h-50 {
+  height: 50% !important;
+}
+
+.h-75 {
+  height: 75% !important;
+}
+
+.h-100 {
+  height: 100% !important;
+}
+
+.mw-100 {
+  max-width: 100% !important;
+}
+
+.mh-100 {
+  max-height: 100% !important;
+}
+
+.m-0 {
+  margin: 0 !important;
+}
+
+.mt-0,
+.my-0 {
+  margin-top: 0 !important;
+}
+
+.mr-0,
+.mx-0 {
+  margin-right: 0 !important;
+}
+
+.mb-0,
+.my-0 {
+  margin-bottom: 0 !important;
+}
+
+.ml-0,
+.mx-0 {
+  margin-left: 0 !important;
+}
+
+.m-1 {
+  margin: 0.25rem !important;
+}
+
+.mt-1,
+.my-1 {
+  margin-top: 0.25rem !important;
+}
+
+.mr-1,
+.mx-1 {
+  margin-right: 0.25rem !important;
+}
+
+.mb-1,
+.my-1 {
+  margin-bottom: 0.25rem !important;
+}
+
+.ml-1,
+.mx-1 {
+  margin-left: 0.25rem !important;
+}
+
+.m-2 {
+  margin: 0.5rem !important;
+}
+
+.mt-2,
+.my-2 {
+  margin-top: 0.5rem !important;
+}
+
+.mr-2,
+.mx-2 {
+  margin-right: 0.5rem !important;
+}
+
+.mb-2,
+.my-2 {
+  margin-bottom: 0.5rem !important;
+}
+
+.ml-2,
+.mx-2 {
+  margin-left: 0.5rem !important;
+}
+
+.m-3 {
+  margin: 1rem !important;
+}
+
+.mt-3,
+.my-3 {
+  margin-top: 1rem !important;
+}
+
+.mr-3,
+.mx-3 {
+  margin-right: 1rem !important;
+}
+
+.mb-3,
+.my-3 {
+  margin-bottom: 1rem !important;
+}
+
+.ml-3,
+.mx-3 {
+  margin-left: 1rem !important;
+}
+
+.m-4 {
+  margin: 1.5rem !important;
+}
+
+.mt-4,
+.my-4 {
+  margin-top: 1.5rem !important;
+}
+
+.mr-4,
+.mx-4 {
+  margin-right: 1.5rem !important;
+}
+
+.mb-4,
+.my-4 {
+  margin-bottom: 1.5rem !important;
+}
+
+.ml-4,
+.mx-4 {
+  margin-left: 1.5rem !important;
+}
+
+.m-5 {
+  margin: 3rem !important;
+}
+
+.mt-5,
+.my-5 {
+  margin-top: 3rem !important;
+}
+
+.mr-5,
+.mx-5 {
+  margin-right: 3rem !important;
+}
+
+.mb-5,
+.my-5 {
+  margin-bottom: 3rem !important;
+}
+
+.ml-5,
+.mx-5 {
+  margin-left: 3rem !important;
+}
+
+.p-0 {
+  padding: 0 !important;
+}
+
+.pt-0,
+.py-0 {
+  padding-top: 0 !important;
+}
+
+.pr-0,
+.px-0 {
+  padding-right: 0 !important;
+}
+
+.pb-0,
+.py-0 {
+  padding-bottom: 0 !important;
+}
+
+.pl-0,
+.px-0 {
+  padding-left: 0 !important;
+}
+
+.p-1 {
+  padding: 0.25rem !important;
+}
+
+.pt-1,
+.py-1 {
+  padding-top: 0.25rem !important;
+}
+
+.pr-1,
+.px-1 {
+  padding-right: 0.25rem !important;
+}
+
+.pb-1,
+.py-1 {
+  padding-bottom: 0.25rem !important;
+}
+
+.pl-1,
+.px-1 {
+  padding-left: 0.25rem !important;
+}
+
+.p-2 {
+  padding: 0.5rem !important;
+}
+
+.pt-2,
+.py-2 {
+  padding-top: 0.5rem !important;
+}
+
+.pr-2,
+.px-2 {
+  padding-right: 0.5rem !important;
+}
+
+.pb-2,
+.py-2 {
+  padding-bottom: 0.5rem !important;
+}
+
+.pl-2,
+.px-2 {
+  padding-left: 0.5rem !important;
+}
+
+.p-3 {
+  padding: 1rem !important;
+}
+
+.pt-3,
+.py-3 {
+  padding-top: 1rem !important;
+}
+
+.pr-3,
+.px-3 {
+  padding-right: 1rem !important;
+}
+
+.pb-3,
+.py-3 {
+  padding-bottom: 1rem !important;
+}
+
+.pl-3,
+.px-3 {
+  padding-left: 1rem !important;
+}
+
+.p-4 {
+  padding: 1.5rem !important;
+}
+
+.pt-4,
+.py-4 {
+  padding-top: 1.5rem !important;
+}
+
+.pr-4,
+.px-4 {
+  padding-right: 1.5rem !important;
+}
+
+.pb-4,
+.py-4 {
+  padding-bottom: 1.5rem !important;
+}
+
+.pl-4,
+.px-4 {
+  padding-left: 1.5rem !important;
+}
+
+.p-5 {
+  padding: 3rem !important;
+}
+
+.pt-5,
+.py-5 {
+  padding-top: 3rem !important;
+}
+
+.pr-5,
+.px-5 {
+  padding-right: 3rem !important;
+}
+
+.pb-5,
+.py-5 {
+  padding-bottom: 3rem !important;
+}
+
+.pl-5,
+.px-5 {
+  padding-left: 3rem !important;
+}
+
+.m-auto {
+  margin: auto !important;
+}
+
+.mt-auto,
+.my-auto {
+  margin-top: auto !important;
+}
+
+.mr-auto,
+.mx-auto {
+  margin-right: auto !important;
+}
+
+.mb-auto,
+.my-auto {
+  margin-bottom: auto !important;
+}
+
+.ml-auto,
+.mx-auto {
+  margin-left: auto !important;
+}
+
+@media (min-width: 576px) {
+  .m-sm-0 {
+    margin: 0 !important;
+  }
+  .mt-sm-0,
+  .my-sm-0 {
+    margin-top: 0 !important;
+  }
+  .mr-sm-0,
+  .mx-sm-0 {
+    margin-right: 0 !important;
+  }
+  .mb-sm-0,
+  .my-sm-0 {
+    margin-bottom: 0 !important;
+  }
+  .ml-sm-0,
+  .mx-sm-0 {
+    margin-left: 0 !important;
+  }
+  .m-sm-1 {
+    margin: 0.25rem !important;
+  }
+  .mt-sm-1,
+  .my-sm-1 {
+    margin-top: 0.25rem !important;
+  }
+  .mr-sm-1,
+  .mx-sm-1 {
+    margin-right: 0.25rem !important;
+  }
+  .mb-sm-1,
+  .my-sm-1 {
+    margin-bottom: 0.25rem !important;
+  }
+  .ml-sm-1,
+  .mx-sm-1 {
+    margin-left: 0.25rem !important;
+  }
+  .m-sm-2 {
+    margin: 0.5rem !important;
+  }
+  .mt-sm-2,
+  .my-sm-2 {
+    margin-top: 0.5rem !important;
+  }
+  .mr-sm-2,
+  .mx-sm-2 {
+    margin-right: 0.5rem !important;
+  }
+  .mb-sm-2,
+  .my-sm-2 {
+    margin-bottom: 0.5rem !important;
+  }
+  .ml-sm-2,
+  .mx-sm-2 {
+    margin-left: 0.5rem !important;
+  }
+  .m-sm-3 {
+    margin: 1rem !important;
+  }
+  .mt-sm-3,
+  .my-sm-3 {
+    margin-top: 1rem !important;
+  }
+  .mr-sm-3,
+  .mx-sm-3 {
+    margin-right: 1rem !important;
+  }
+  .mb-sm-3,
+  .my-sm-3 {
+    margin-bottom: 1rem !important;
+  }
+  .ml-sm-3,
+  .mx-sm-3 {
+    margin-left: 1rem !important;
+  }
+  .m-sm-4 {
+    margin: 1.5rem !important;
+  }
+  .mt-sm-4,
+  .my-sm-4 {
+    margin-top: 1.5rem !important;
+  }
+  .mr-sm-4,
+  .mx-sm-4 {
+    margin-right: 1.5rem !important;
+  }
+  .mb-sm-4,
+  .my-sm-4 {
+    margin-bottom: 1.5rem !important;
+  }
+  .ml-sm-4,
+  .mx-sm-4 {
+    margin-left: 1.5rem !important;
+  }
+  .m-sm-5 {
+    margin: 3rem !important;
+  }
+  .mt-sm-5,
+  .my-sm-5 {
+    margin-top: 3rem !important;
+  }
+  .mr-sm-5,
+  .mx-sm-5 {
+    margin-right: 3rem !important;
+  }
+  .mb-sm-5,
+  .my-sm-5 {
+    margin-bottom: 3rem !important;
+  }
+  .ml-sm-5,
+  .mx-sm-5 {
+    margin-left: 3rem !important;
+  }
+  .p-sm-0 {
+    padding: 0 !important;
+  }
+  .pt-sm-0,
+  .py-sm-0 {
+    padding-top: 0 !important;
+  }
+  .pr-sm-0,
+  .px-sm-0 {
+    padding-right: 0 !important;
+  }
+  .pb-sm-0,
+  .py-sm-0 {
+    padding-bottom: 0 !important;
+  }
+  .pl-sm-0,
+  .px-sm-0 {
+    padding-left: 0 !important;
+  }
+  .p-sm-1 {
+    padding: 0.25rem !important;
+  }
+  .pt-sm-1,
+  .py-sm-1 {
+    padding-top: 0.25rem !important;
+  }
+  .pr-sm-1,
+  .px-sm-1 {
+    padding-right: 0.25rem !important;
+  }
+  .pb-sm-1,
+  .py-sm-1 {
+    padding-bottom: 0.25rem !important;
+  }
+  .pl-sm-1,
+  .px-sm-1 {
+    padding-left: 0.25rem !important;
+  }
+  .p-sm-2 {
+    padding: 0.5rem !important;
+  }
+  .pt-sm-2,
+  .py-sm-2 {
+    padding-top: 0.5rem !important;
+  }
+  .pr-sm-2,
+  .px-sm-2 {
+    padding-right: 0.5rem !important;
+  }
+  .pb-sm-2,
+  .py-sm-2 {
+    padding-bottom: 0.5rem !important;
+  }
+  .pl-sm-2,
+  .px-sm-2 {
+    padding-left: 0.5rem !important;
+  }
+  .p-sm-3 {
+    padding: 1rem !important;
+  }
+  .pt-sm-3,
+  .py-sm-3 {
+    padding-top: 1rem !important;
+  }
+  .pr-sm-3,
+  .px-sm-3 {
+    padding-right: 1rem !important;
+  }
+  .pb-sm-3,
+  .py-sm-3 {
+    padding-bottom: 1rem !important;
+  }
+  .pl-sm-3,
+  .px-sm-3 {
+    padding-left: 1rem !important;
+  }
+  .p-sm-4 {
+    padding: 1.5rem !important;
+  }
+  .pt-sm-4,
+  .py-sm-4 {
+    padding-top: 1.5rem !important;
+  }
+  .pr-sm-4,
+  .px-sm-4 {
+    padding-right: 1.5rem !important;
+  }
+  .pb-sm-4,
+  .py-sm-4 {
+    padding-bottom: 1.5rem !important;
+  }
+  .pl-sm-4,
+  .px-sm-4 {
+    padding-left: 1.5rem !important;
+  }
+  .p-sm-5 {
+    padding: 3rem !important;
+  }
+  .pt-sm-5,
+  .py-sm-5 {
+    padding-top: 3rem !important;
+  }
+  .pr-sm-5,
+  .px-sm-5 {
+    padding-right: 3rem !important;
+  }
+  .pb-sm-5,
+  .py-sm-5 {
+    padding-bottom: 3rem !important;
+  }
+  .pl-sm-5,
+  .px-sm-5 {
+    padding-left: 3rem !important;
+  }
+  .m-sm-auto {
+    margin: auto !important;
+  }
+  .mt-sm-auto,
+  .my-sm-auto {
+    margin-top: auto !important;
+  }
+  .mr-sm-auto,
+  .mx-sm-auto {
+    margin-right: auto !important;
+  }
+  .mb-sm-auto,
+  .my-sm-auto {
+    margin-bottom: auto !important;
+  }
+  .ml-sm-auto,
+  .mx-sm-auto {
+    margin-left: auto !important;
+  }
+}
+
+@media (min-width: 768px) {
+  .m-md-0 {
+    margin: 0 !important;
+  }
+  .mt-md-0,
+  .my-md-0 {
+    margin-top: 0 !important;
+  }
+  .mr-md-0,
+  .mx-md-0 {
+    margin-right: 0 !important;
+  }
+  .mb-md-0,
+  .my-md-0 {
+    margin-bottom: 0 !important;
+  }
+  .ml-md-0,
+  .mx-md-0 {
+    margin-left: 0 !important;
+  }
+  .m-md-1 {
+    margin: 0.25rem !important;
+  }
+  .mt-md-1,
+  .my-md-1 {
+    margin-top: 0.25rem !important;
+  }
+  .mr-md-1,
+  .mx-md-1 {
+    margin-right: 0.25rem !important;
+  }
+  .mb-md-1,
+  .my-md-1 {
+    margin-bottom: 0.25rem !important;
+  }
+  .ml-md-1,
+  .mx-md-1 {
+    margin-left: 0.25rem !important;
+  }
+  .m-md-2 {
+    margin: 0.5rem !important;
+  }
+  .mt-md-2,
+  .my-md-2 {
+    margin-top: 0.5rem !important;
+  }
+  .mr-md-2,
+  .mx-md-2 {
+    margin-right: 0.5rem !important;
+  }
+  .mb-md-2,
+  .my-md-2 {
+    margin-bottom: 0.5rem !important;
+  }
+  .ml-md-2,
+  .mx-md-2 {
+    margin-left: 0.5rem !important;
+  }
+  .m-md-3 {
+    margin: 1rem !important;
+  }
+  .mt-md-3,
+  .my-md-3 {
+    margin-top: 1rem !important;
+  }
+  .mr-md-3,
+  .mx-md-3 {
+    margin-right: 1rem !important;
+  }
+  .mb-md-3,
+  .my-md-3 {
+    margin-bottom: 1rem !important;
+  }
+  .ml-md-3,
+  .mx-md-3 {
+    margin-left: 1rem !important;
+  }
+  .m-md-4 {
+    margin: 1.5rem !important;
+  }
+  .mt-md-4,
+  .my-md-4 {
+    margin-top: 1.5rem !important;
+  }
+  .mr-md-4,
+  .mx-md-4 {
+    margin-right: 1.5rem !important;
+  }
+  .mb-md-4,
+  .my-md-4 {
+    margin-bottom: 1.5rem !important;
+  }
+  .ml-md-4,
+  .mx-md-4 {
+    margin-left: 1.5rem !important;
+  }
+  .m-md-5 {
+    margin: 3rem !important;
+  }
+  .mt-md-5,
+  .my-md-5 {
+    margin-top: 3rem !important;
+  }
+  .mr-md-5,
+  .mx-md-5 {
+    margin-right: 3rem !important;
+  }
+  .mb-md-5,
+  .my-md-5 {
+    margin-bottom: 3rem !important;
+  }
+  .ml-md-5,
+  .mx-md-5 {
+    margin-left: 3rem !important;
+  }
+  .p-md-0 {
+    padding: 0 !important;
+  }
+  .pt-md-0,
+  .py-md-0 {
+    padding-top: 0 !important;
+  }
+  .pr-md-0,
+  .px-md-0 {
+    padding-right: 0 !important;
+  }
+  .pb-md-0,
+  .py-md-0 {
+    padding-bottom: 0 !important;
+  }
+  .pl-md-0,
+  .px-md-0 {
+    padding-left: 0 !important;
+  }
+  .p-md-1 {
+    padding: 0.25rem !important;
+  }
+  .pt-md-1,
+  .py-md-1 {
+    padding-top: 0.25rem !important;
+  }
+  .pr-md-1,
+  .px-md-1 {
+    padding-right: 0.25rem !important;
+  }
+  .pb-md-1,
+  .py-md-1 {
+    padding-bottom: 0.25rem !important;
+  }
+  .pl-md-1,
+  .px-md-1 {
+    padding-left: 0.25rem !important;
+  }
+  .p-md-2 {
+    padding: 0.5rem !important;
+  }
+  .pt-md-2,
+  .py-md-2 {
+    padding-top: 0.5rem !important;
+  }
+  .pr-md-2,
+  .px-md-2 {
+    padding-right: 0.5rem !important;
+  }
+  .pb-md-2,
+  .py-md-2 {
+    padding-bottom: 0.5rem !important;
+  }
+  .pl-md-2,
+  .px-md-2 {
+    padding-left: 0.5rem !important;
+  }
+  .p-md-3 {
+    padding: 1rem !important;
+  }
+  .pt-md-3,
+  .py-md-3 {
+    padding-top: 1rem !important;
+  }
+  .pr-md-3,
+  .px-md-3 {
+    padding-right: 1rem !important;
+  }
+  .pb-md-3,
+  .py-md-3 {
+    padding-bottom: 1rem !important;
+  }
+  .pl-md-3,
+  .px-md-3 {
+    padding-left: 1rem !important;
+  }
+  .p-md-4 {
+    padding: 1.5rem !important;
+  }
+  .pt-md-4,
+  .py-md-4 {
+    padding-top: 1.5rem !important;
+  }
+  .pr-md-4,
+  .px-md-4 {
+    padding-right: 1.5rem !important;
+  }
+  .pb-md-4,
+  .py-md-4 {
+    padding-bottom: 1.5rem !important;
+  }
+  .pl-md-4,
+  .px-md-4 {
+    padding-left: 1.5rem !important;
+  }
+  .p-md-5 {
+    padding: 3rem !important;
+  }
+  .pt-md-5,
+  .py-md-5 {
+    padding-top: 3rem !important;
+  }
+  .pr-md-5,
+  .px-md-5 {
+    padding-right: 3rem !important;
+  }
+  .pb-md-5,
+  .py-md-5 {
+    padding-bottom: 3rem !important;
+  }
+  .pl-md-5,
+  .px-md-5 {
+    padding-left: 3rem !important;
+  }
+  .m-md-auto {
+    margin: auto !important;
+  }
+  .mt-md-auto,
+  .my-md-auto {
+    margin-top: auto !important;
+  }
+  .mr-md-auto,
+  .mx-md-auto {
+    margin-right: auto !important;
+  }
+  .mb-md-auto,
+  .my-md-auto {
+    margin-bottom: auto !important;
+  }
+  .ml-md-auto,
+  .mx-md-auto {
+    margin-left: auto !important;
+  }
+}
+
+@media (min-width: 992px) {
+  .m-lg-0 {
+    margin: 0 !important;
+  }
+  .mt-lg-0,
+  .my-lg-0 {
+    margin-top: 0 !important;
+  }
+  .mr-lg-0,
+  .mx-lg-0 {
+    margin-right: 0 !important;
+  }
+  .mb-lg-0,
+  .my-lg-0 {
+    margin-bottom: 0 !important;
+  }
+  .ml-lg-0,
+  .mx-lg-0 {
+    margin-left: 0 !important;
+  }
+  .m-lg-1 {
+    margin: 0.25rem !important;
+  }
+  .mt-lg-1,
+  .my-lg-1 {
+    margin-top: 0.25rem !important;
+  }
+  .mr-lg-1,
+  .mx-lg-1 {
+    margin-right: 0.25rem !important;
+  }
+  .mb-lg-1,
+  .my-lg-1 {
+    margin-bottom: 0.25rem !important;
+  }
+  .ml-lg-1,
+  .mx-lg-1 {
+    margin-left: 0.25rem !important;
+  }
+  .m-lg-2 {
+    margin: 0.5rem !important;
+  }
+  .mt-lg-2,
+  .my-lg-2 {
+    margin-top: 0.5rem !important;
+  }
+  .mr-lg-2,
+  .mx-lg-2 {
+    margin-right: 0.5rem !important;
+  }
+  .mb-lg-2,
+  .my-lg-2 {
+    margin-bottom: 0.5rem !important;
+  }
+  .ml-lg-2,
+  .mx-lg-2 {
+    margin-left: 0.5rem !important;
+  }
+  .m-lg-3 {
+    margin: 1rem !important;
+  }
+  .mt-lg-3,
+  .my-lg-3 {
+    margin-top: 1rem !important;
+  }
+  .mr-lg-3,
+  .mx-lg-3 {
+    margin-right: 1rem !important;
+  }
+  .mb-lg-3,
+  .my-lg-3 {
+    margin-bottom: 1rem !important;
+  }
+  .ml-lg-3,
+  .mx-lg-3 {
+    margin-left: 1rem !important;
+  }
+  .m-lg-4 {
+    margin: 1.5rem !important;
+  }
+  .mt-lg-4,
+  .my-lg-4 {
+    margin-top: 1.5rem !important;
+  }
+  .mr-lg-4,
+  .mx-lg-4 {
+    margin-right: 1.5rem !important;
+  }
+  .mb-lg-4,
+  .my-lg-4 {
+    margin-bottom: 1.5rem !important;
+  }
+  .ml-lg-4,
+  .mx-lg-4 {
+    margin-left: 1.5rem !important;
+  }
+  .m-lg-5 {
+    margin: 3rem !important;
+  }
+  .mt-lg-5,
+  .my-lg-5 {
+    margin-top: 3rem !important;
+  }
+  .mr-lg-5,
+  .mx-lg-5 {
+    margin-right: 3rem !important;
+  }
+  .mb-lg-5,
+  .my-lg-5 {
+    margin-bottom: 3rem !important;
+  }
+  .ml-lg-5,
+  .mx-lg-5 {
+    margin-left: 3rem !important;
+  }
+  .p-lg-0 {
+    padding: 0 !important;
+  }
+  .pt-lg-0,
+  .py-lg-0 {
+    padding-top: 0 !important;
+  }
+  .pr-lg-0,
+  .px-lg-0 {
+    padding-right: 0 !important;
+  }
+  .pb-lg-0,
+  .py-lg-0 {
+    padding-bottom: 0 !important;
+  }
+  .pl-lg-0,
+  .px-lg-0 {
+    padding-left: 0 !important;
+  }
+  .p-lg-1 {
+    padding: 0.25rem !important;
+  }
+  .pt-lg-1,
+  .py-lg-1 {
+    padding-top: 0.25rem !important;
+  }
+  .pr-lg-1,
+  .px-lg-1 {
+    padding-right: 0.25rem !important;
+  }
+  .pb-lg-1,
+  .py-lg-1 {
+    padding-bottom: 0.25rem !important;
+  }
+  .pl-lg-1,
+  .px-lg-1 {
+    padding-left: 0.25rem !important;
+  }
+  .p-lg-2 {
+    padding: 0.5rem !important;
+  }
+  .pt-lg-2,
+  .py-lg-2 {
+    padding-top: 0.5rem !important;
+  }
+  .pr-lg-2,
+  .px-lg-2 {
+    padding-right: 0.5rem !important;
+  }
+  .pb-lg-2,
+  .py-lg-2 {
+    padding-bottom: 0.5rem !important;
+  }
+  .pl-lg-2,
+  .px-lg-2 {
+    padding-left: 0.5rem !important;
+  }
+  .p-lg-3 {
+    padding: 1rem !important;
+  }
+  .pt-lg-3,
+  .py-lg-3 {
+    padding-top: 1rem !important;
+  }
+  .pr-lg-3,
+  .px-lg-3 {
+    padding-right: 1rem !important;
+  }
+  .pb-lg-3,
+  .py-lg-3 {
+    padding-bottom: 1rem !important;
+  }
+  .pl-lg-3,
+  .px-lg-3 {
+    padding-left: 1rem !important;
+  }
+  .p-lg-4 {
+    padding: 1.5rem !important;
+  }
+  .pt-lg-4,
+  .py-lg-4 {
+    padding-top: 1.5rem !important;
+  }
+  .pr-lg-4,
+  .px-lg-4 {
+    padding-right: 1.5rem !important;
+  }
+  .pb-lg-4,
+  .py-lg-4 {
+    padding-bottom: 1.5rem !important;
+  }
+  .pl-lg-4,
+  .px-lg-4 {
+    padding-left: 1.5rem !important;
+  }
+  .p-lg-5 {
+    padding: 3rem !important;
+  }
+  .pt-lg-5,
+  .py-lg-5 {
+    padding-top: 3rem !important;
+  }
+  .pr-lg-5,
+  .px-lg-5 {
+    padding-right: 3rem !important;
+  }
+  .pb-lg-5,
+  .py-lg-5 {
+    padding-bottom: 3rem !important;
+  }
+  .pl-lg-5,
+  .px-lg-5 {
+    padding-left: 3rem !important;
+  }
+  .m-lg-auto {
+    margin: auto !important;
+  }
+  .mt-lg-auto,
+  .my-lg-auto {
+    margin-top: auto !important;
+  }
+  .mr-lg-auto,
+  .mx-lg-auto {
+    margin-right: auto !important;
+  }
+  .mb-lg-auto,
+  .my-lg-auto {
+    margin-bottom: auto !important;
+  }
+  .ml-lg-auto,
+  .mx-lg-auto {
+    margin-left: auto !important;
+  }
+}
+
+@media (min-width: 1200px) {
+  .m-xl-0 {
+    margin: 0 !important;
+  }
+  .mt-xl-0,
+  .my-xl-0 {
+    margin-top: 0 !important;
+  }
+  .mr-xl-0,
+  .mx-xl-0 {
+    margin-right: 0 !important;
+  }
+  .mb-xl-0,
+  .my-xl-0 {
+    margin-bottom: 0 !important;
+  }
+  .ml-xl-0,
+  .mx-xl-0 {
+    margin-left: 0 !important;
+  }
+  .m-xl-1 {
+    margin: 0.25rem !important;
+  }
+  .mt-xl-1,
+  .my-xl-1 {
+    margin-top: 0.25rem !important;
+  }
+  .mr-xl-1,
+  .mx-xl-1 {
+    margin-right: 0.25rem !important;
+  }
+  .mb-xl-1,
+  .my-xl-1 {
+    margin-bottom: 0.25rem !important;
+  }
+  .ml-xl-1,
+  .mx-xl-1 {
+    margin-left: 0.25rem !important;
+  }
+  .m-xl-2 {
+    margin: 0.5rem !important;
+  }
+  .mt-xl-2,
+  .my-xl-2 {
+    margin-top: 0.5rem !important;
+  }
+  .mr-xl-2,
+  .mx-xl-2 {
+    margin-right: 0.5rem !important;
+  }
+  .mb-xl-2,
+  .my-xl-2 {
+    margin-bottom: 0.5rem !important;
+  }
+  .ml-xl-2,
+  .mx-xl-2 {
+    margin-left: 0.5rem !important;
+  }
+  .m-xl-3 {
+    margin: 1rem !important;
+  }
+  .mt-xl-3,
+  .my-xl-3 {
+    margin-top: 1rem !important;
+  }
+  .mr-xl-3,
+  .mx-xl-3 {
+    margin-right: 1rem !important;
+  }
+  .mb-xl-3,
+  .my-xl-3 {
+    margin-bottom: 1rem !important;
+  }
+  .ml-xl-3,
+  .mx-xl-3 {
+    margin-left: 1rem !important;
+  }
+  .m-xl-4 {
+    margin: 1.5rem !important;
+  }
+  .mt-xl-4,
+  .my-xl-4 {
+    margin-top: 1.5rem !important;
+  }
+  .mr-xl-4,
+  .mx-xl-4 {
+    margin-right: 1.5rem !important;
+  }
+  .mb-xl-4,
+  .my-xl-4 {
+    margin-bottom: 1.5rem !important;
+  }
+  .ml-xl-4,
+  .mx-xl-4 {
+    margin-left: 1.5rem !important;
+  }
+  .m-xl-5 {
+    margin: 3rem !important;
+  }
+  .mt-xl-5,
+  .my-xl-5 {
+    margin-top: 3rem !important;
+  }
+  .mr-xl-5,
+  .mx-xl-5 {
+    margin-right: 3rem !important;
+  }
+  .mb-xl-5,
+  .my-xl-5 {
+    margin-bottom: 3rem !important;
+  }
+  .ml-xl-5,
+  .mx-xl-5 {
+    margin-left: 3rem !important;
+  }
+  .p-xl-0 {
+    padding: 0 !important;
+  }
+  .pt-xl-0,
+  .py-xl-0 {
+    padding-top: 0 !important;
+  }
+  .pr-xl-0,
+  .px-xl-0 {
+    padding-right: 0 !important;
+  }
+  .pb-xl-0,
+  .py-xl-0 {
+    padding-bottom: 0 !important;
+  }
+  .pl-xl-0,
+  .px-xl-0 {
+    padding-left: 0 !important;
+  }
+  .p-xl-1 {
+    padding: 0.25rem !important;
+  }
+  .pt-xl-1,
+  .py-xl-1 {
+    padding-top: 0.25rem !important;
+  }
+  .pr-xl-1,
+  .px-xl-1 {
+    padding-right: 0.25rem !important;
+  }
+  .pb-xl-1,
+  .py-xl-1 {
+    padding-bottom: 0.25rem !important;
+  }
+  .pl-xl-1,
+  .px-xl-1 {
+    padding-left: 0.25rem !important;
+  }
+  .p-xl-2 {
+    padding: 0.5rem !important;
+  }
+  .pt-xl-2,
+  .py-xl-2 {
+    padding-top: 0.5rem !important;
+  }
+  .pr-xl-2,
+  .px-xl-2 {
+    padding-right: 0.5rem !important;
+  }
+  .pb-xl-2,
+  .py-xl-2 {
+    padding-bottom: 0.5rem !important;
+  }
+  .pl-xl-2,
+  .px-xl-2 {
+    padding-left: 0.5rem !important;
+  }
+  .p-xl-3 {
+    padding: 1rem !important;
+  }
+  .pt-xl-3,
+  .py-xl-3 {
+    padding-top: 1rem !important;
+  }
+  .pr-xl-3,
+  .px-xl-3 {
+    padding-right: 1rem !important;
+  }
+  .pb-xl-3,
+  .py-xl-3 {
+    padding-bottom: 1rem !important;
+  }
+  .pl-xl-3,
+  .px-xl-3 {
+    padding-left: 1rem !important;
+  }
+  .p-xl-4 {
+    padding: 1.5rem !important;
+  }
+  .pt-xl-4,
+  .py-xl-4 {
+    padding-top: 1.5rem !important;
+  }
+  .pr-xl-4,
+  .px-xl-4 {
+    padding-right: 1.5rem !important;
+  }
+  .pb-xl-4,
+  .py-xl-4 {
+    padding-bottom: 1.5rem !important;
+  }
+  .pl-xl-4,
+  .px-xl-4 {
+    padding-left: 1.5rem !important;
+  }
+  .p-xl-5 {
+    padding: 3rem !important;
+  }
+  .pt-xl-5,
+  .py-xl-5 {
+    padding-top: 3rem !important;
+  }
+  .pr-xl-5,
+  .px-xl-5 {
+    padding-right: 3rem !important;
+  }
+  .pb-xl-5,
+  .py-xl-5 {
+    padding-bottom: 3rem !important;
+  }
+  .pl-xl-5,
+  .px-xl-5 {
+    padding-left: 3rem !important;
+  }
+  .m-xl-auto {
+    margin: auto !important;
+  }
+  .mt-xl-auto,
+  .my-xl-auto {
+    margin-top: auto !important;
+  }
+  .mr-xl-auto,
+  .mx-xl-auto {
+    margin-right: auto !important;
+  }
+  .mb-xl-auto,
+  .my-xl-auto {
+    margin-bottom: auto !important;
+  }
+  .ml-xl-auto,
+  .mx-xl-auto {
+    margin-left: auto !important;
+  }
+}
+
+.text-justify {
+  text-align: justify !important;
+}
+
+.text-nowrap {
+  white-space: nowrap !important;
+}
+
+.text-truncate {
+  overflow: hidden;
+  text-overflow: ellipsis;
+  white-space: nowrap;
+}
+
+.text-left {
+  text-align: left !important;
+}
+
+.text-right {
+  text-align: right !important;
+}
+
+.text-center {
+  text-align: center !important;
+}
+
+@media (min-width: 576px) {
+  .text-sm-left {
+    text-align: left !important;
+  }
+  .text-sm-right {
+    text-align: right !important;
+  }
+  .text-sm-center {
+    text-align: center !important;
+  }
+}
+
+@media (min-width: 768px) {
+  .text-md-left {
+    text-align: left !important;
+  }
+  .text-md-right {
+    text-align: right !important;
+  }
+  .text-md-center {
+    text-align: center !important;
+  }
+}
+
+@media (min-width: 992px) {
+  .text-lg-left {
+    text-align: left !important;
+  }
+  .text-lg-right {
+    text-align: right !important;
+  }
+  .text-lg-center {
+    text-align: center !important;
+  }
+}
+
+@media (min-width: 1200px) {
+  .text-xl-left {
+    text-align: left !important;
+  }
+  .text-xl-right {
+    text-align: right !important;
+  }
+  .text-xl-center {
+    text-align: center !important;
+  }
+}
+
+.text-lowercase {
+  text-transform: lowercase !important;
+}
+
+.text-uppercase {
+  text-transform: uppercase !important;
+}
+
+.text-capitalize {
+  text-transform: capitalize !important;
+}
+
+.font-weight-light {
+  font-weight: 300 !important;
+}
+
+.font-weight-normal {
+  font-weight: 400 !important;
+}
+
+.font-weight-bold {
+  font-weight: 700 !important;
+}
+
+.font-italic {
+  font-style: italic !important;
+}
+
+.text-white {
+  color: #fff !important;
+}
+
+.text-primary {
+  color: #007bff !important;
+}
+
+a.text-primary:hover, a.text-primary:focus {
+  color: #0062cc !important;
+}
+
+.text-secondary {
+  color: #6c757d !important;
+}
+
+a.text-secondary:hover, a.text-secondary:focus {
+  color: #545b62 !important;
+}
+
+.text-success {
+  color: #28a745 !important;
+}
+
+a.text-success:hover, a.text-success:focus {
+  color: #1e7e34 !important;
+}
+
+.text-info {
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diff --git a/chall/src/css/bootstrap.min.css b/chall/src/css/bootstrap.min.css
new file mode 100644
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+/*# sourceMappingURL=bootstrap.min.css.map */
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diff --git a/chall/src/css/custom.css b/chall/src/css/custom.css
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..6bea6c1
--- /dev/null
+++ b/chall/src/css/custom.css
@@ -0,0 +1,66 @@
+    .container.custom-container {
+      padding: 0 50px;
+    }
+
+.jumbotron {
+      font-family: Arial;
+      background-color: #000;
+      color: #fff;
+  }
+
+.container {
+    font-family: Arial;
+    background-color: #000;
+    color: #fff;
+}
+
+
+body {
+  font-family: Arial;
+  background-color: #000;
+  color: #fff;
+}
+
+main {
+  font-family: "Source Sans Pro", Verdana, Geneva, Tahoma, sans-serif;
+    font-weight: 300;
+    max-width: 720px;
+    margin: 10px auto;
+    background-color: #111;
+    box-sizing: border-box;
+    padding: 10px 32px;
+}
+
+textarea {
+  width: 100%;
+    height: 200px;
+    font-family: Consolas, "Courier New", Courier, monospace;
+    line-height: 1.2em;
+    padding: 8px;
+    box-sizing: border-box;
+    font-size: 0.9em;
+    border: 1px solid #fff;
+    background-color: #000;
+    color: #fff;
+}
+
+
+  p {
+    display: block;
+    margin-block-start: 1em;
+    margin-block-end: 1em;
+    margin-inline-start: 0px;
+    margin-inline-end: 0px;
+    
+}
+
+
+input[type="button"] {
+  background-color: #600;
+  color: #fff;
+  font-weight: bold;
+  border: 3px solid #000;
+  font-size: 140%;
+  border-radius: 8px;
+  margin: 8px auto;
+}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/chall/src/form.php b/chall/src/form.php
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..b3cc3da
--- /dev/null
+++ b/chall/src/form.php
@@ -0,0 +1,24 @@
+<div class="jumbotron">
+  <div class="container custom-container">
+    <h1>LOLPython</h1>
+    <p>You finally landed on the mainframe and are soooo close to hack the world! But what is this? A <a href="http://www.dalkescientific.com/writings/diary/archive/2007/06/01/lolpython.html">LOLPython</a> interpreter in production?
+     Googling quickly reveals: Thats <a href="https://esolangs.org/wiki/Language_list">one of many esolangs</a> with hacker and l33t speak. Sounds cool, right?</p>
+    <p>Though, to solve this challenge, you have to take it to the next level: Not only code a program in this weird language, but escape the interpreter and execute the final payload. Go exploit it!</p>
+  </div>
+</div>
+<div class="container">
+  <main role="main">
+  <form>
+    <p>Type your LOLPython code here. We'll execute your file and you'll get the result</p>
+    <textarea placeholder="VISIBLE 'HAI WORLD!'" id="in">
+</textarea>
+    <input type="button" value="Transpile and Run!" id="rock-button" onclick="transpile();">
+
+    <br>
+    <p>Output:</p>
+    <textarea id="output"></textarea>
+    </form>
+  </main>
+
+</div>
+<br><br>
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/chall/src/index.php b/chall/src/index.php
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..c0ead91
--- /dev/null
+++ b/chall/src/index.php
@@ -0,0 +1,58 @@
+<?php
+session_start();
+
+function generateRandomString($length = 24)
+{
+  $characters = '0123456789abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz';
+  $charactersLength = strlen($characters);
+  $randomString = '';
+  for ($i = 0; $i < $length; $i++) {
+    $randomString .= $characters[rand(0, $charactersLength - 1)];
+  }
+  return $randomString;
+}
+
+if (!isset($_SESSION['userid'])) {
+  $_SESSION['userid'] = generateRandomString();
+}
+?>
+
+<!doctype html>
+<html lang="en">
+
+<head>
+  <meta charset="utf-8">
+  <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, shrink-to-fit=no">
+  <meta name="description" content="">
+  <meta name="author" content="">
+  <link rel="icon" href="favicon.ico">
+
+  <title>LOLPython Transpiler Service</title>
+
+  <!-- Bootstrap core CSS -->
+  <link href="css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet">
+
+  <link href="css/custom.css" rel="stylesheet">
+
+</head>
+
+<body>
+  <!-- Main jumbotron for a primary marketing message or call to action -->
+ <?php include("form.php") ?>
+  <footer class="container">
+    <p>&copy; LOLPython Transpiler Service 2024</p>
+  </footer>
+
+  <!-- Bootstrap core JavaScript
+    ================================================== -->
+  <!-- Placed at the end of the document so the pages load faster -->
+  <script
+  src="https://code.jquery.com/jquery-3.5.1.min.js"
+  integrity="sha256-9/aliU8dGd2tb6OSsuzixeV4y/faTqgFtohetphbbj0="
+  crossorigin="anonymous"></script>
+  <script src="js/vendor/popper.min.js"></script>
+  <script src="js/bootstrap.min.js"></script>
+  <script src="js/rockstar.js"></script>
+</body>
+
+</html>
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/chall/src/js/bootstrap.bundle.js b/chall/src/js/bootstrap.bundle.js
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..45b357d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/chall/src/js/bootstrap.bundle.js
@@ -0,0 +1,6328 @@
+/*!
+  * Bootstrap v4.0.0 (https://getbootstrap.com)
+  * Copyright 2011-2018 The Bootstrap Authors (https://github.com/twbs/bootstrap/graphs/contributors)
+  * Licensed under MIT (https://github.com/twbs/bootstrap/blob/master/LICENSE)
+  */
+(function (global, factory) {
+	typeof exports === 'object' && typeof module !== 'undefined' ? factory(exports, require('jquery')) :
+	typeof define === 'function' && define.amd ? define(['exports', 'jquery'], factory) :
+	(factory((global.bootstrap = {}),global.jQuery));
+}(this, (function (exports,$) { 'use strict';
+
+$ = $ && $.hasOwnProperty('default') ? $['default'] : $;
+
+function _defineProperties(target, props) {
+  for (var i = 0; i < props.length; i++) {
+    var descriptor = props[i];
+    descriptor.enumerable = descriptor.enumerable || false;
+    descriptor.configurable = true;
+    if ("value" in descriptor) descriptor.writable = true;
+    Object.defineProperty(target, descriptor.key, descriptor);
+  }
+}
+
+function _createClass(Constructor, protoProps, staticProps) {
+  if (protoProps) _defineProperties(Constructor.prototype, protoProps);
+  if (staticProps) _defineProperties(Constructor, staticProps);
+  return Constructor;
+}
+
+function _extends() {
+  _extends = Object.assign || function (target) {
+    for (var i = 1; i < arguments.length; i++) {
+      var source = arguments[i];
+
+      for (var key in source) {
+        if (Object.prototype.hasOwnProperty.call(source, key)) {
+          target[key] = source[key];
+        }
+      }
+    }
+
+    return target;
+  };
+
+  return _extends.apply(this, arguments);
+}
+
+function _inheritsLoose(subClass, superClass) {
+  subClass.prototype = Object.create(superClass.prototype);
+  subClass.prototype.constructor = subClass;
+  subClass.__proto__ = superClass;
+}
+
+/**
+ * --------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ * Bootstrap (v4.0.0): util.js
+ * Licensed under MIT (https://github.com/twbs/bootstrap/blob/master/LICENSE)
+ * --------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ */
+
+var Util = function ($$$1) {
+  /**
+   * ------------------------------------------------------------------------
+   * Private TransitionEnd Helpers
+   * ------------------------------------------------------------------------
+   */
+  var transition = false;
+  var MAX_UID = 1000000; // Shoutout AngusCroll (https://goo.gl/pxwQGp)
+
+  function toType(obj) {
+    return {}.toString.call(obj).match(/\s([a-zA-Z]+)/)[1].toLowerCase();
+  }
+
+  function getSpecialTransitionEndEvent() {
+    return {
+      bindType: transition.end,
+      delegateType: transition.end,
+      handle: function handle(event) {
+        if ($$$1(event.target).is(this)) {
+          return event.handleObj.handler.apply(this, arguments); // eslint-disable-line prefer-rest-params
+        }
+
+        return undefined; // eslint-disable-line no-undefined
+      }
+    };
+  }
+
+  function transitionEndTest() {
+    if (typeof window !== 'undefined' && window.QUnit) {
+      return false;
+    }
+
+    return {
+      end: 'transitionend'
+    };
+  }
+
+  function transitionEndEmulator(duration) {
+    var _this = this;
+
+    var called = false;
+    $$$1(this).one(Util.TRANSITION_END, function () {
+      called = true;
+    });
+    setTimeout(function () {
+      if (!called) {
+        Util.triggerTransitionEnd(_this);
+      }
+    }, duration);
+    return this;
+  }
+
+  function setTransitionEndSupport() {
+    transition = transitionEndTest();
+    $$$1.fn.emulateTransitionEnd = transitionEndEmulator;
+
+    if (Util.supportsTransitionEnd()) {
+      $$$1.event.special[Util.TRANSITION_END] = getSpecialTransitionEndEvent();
+    }
+  }
+
+  function escapeId(selector) {
+    // We escape IDs in case of special selectors (selector = '#myId:something')
+    // $.escapeSelector does not exist in jQuery < 3
+    selector = typeof $$$1.escapeSelector === 'function' ? $$$1.escapeSelector(selector).substr(1) : selector.replace(/(:|\.|\[|\]|,|=|@)/g, '\\$1');
+    return selector;
+  }
+  /**
+   * --------------------------------------------------------------------------
+   * Public Util Api
+   * --------------------------------------------------------------------------
+   */
+
+
+  var Util = {
+    TRANSITION_END: 'bsTransitionEnd',
+    getUID: function getUID(prefix) {
+      do {
+        // eslint-disable-next-line no-bitwise
+        prefix += ~~(Math.random() * MAX_UID); // "~~" acts like a faster Math.floor() here
+      } while (document.getElementById(prefix));
+
+      return prefix;
+    },
+    getSelectorFromElement: function getSelectorFromElement(element) {
+      var selector = element.getAttribute('data-target');
+
+      if (!selector || selector === '#') {
+        selector = element.getAttribute('href') || '';
+      } // If it's an ID
+
+
+      if (selector.charAt(0) === '#') {
+        selector = escapeId(selector);
+      }
+
+      try {
+        var $selector = $$$1(document).find(selector);
+        return $selector.length > 0 ? selector : null;
+      } catch (err) {
+        return null;
+      }
+    },
+    reflow: function reflow(element) {
+      return element.offsetHeight;
+    },
+    triggerTransitionEnd: function triggerTransitionEnd(element) {
+      $$$1(element).trigger(transition.end);
+    },
+    supportsTransitionEnd: function supportsTransitionEnd() {
+      return Boolean(transition);
+    },
+    isElement: function isElement(obj) {
+      return (obj[0] || obj).nodeType;
+    },
+    typeCheckConfig: function typeCheckConfig(componentName, config, configTypes) {
+      for (var property in configTypes) {
+        if (Object.prototype.hasOwnProperty.call(configTypes, property)) {
+          var expectedTypes = configTypes[property];
+          var value = config[property];
+          var valueType = value && Util.isElement(value) ? 'element' : toType(value);
+
+          if (!new RegExp(expectedTypes).test(valueType)) {
+            throw new Error(componentName.toUpperCase() + ": " + ("Option \"" + property + "\" provided type \"" + valueType + "\" ") + ("but expected type \"" + expectedTypes + "\"."));
+          }
+        }
+      }
+    }
+  };
+  setTransitionEndSupport();
+  return Util;
+}($);
+
+/**
+ * --------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ * Bootstrap (v4.0.0): alert.js
+ * Licensed under MIT (https://github.com/twbs/bootstrap/blob/master/LICENSE)
+ * --------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ */
+
+var Alert = function ($$$1) {
+  /**
+   * ------------------------------------------------------------------------
+   * Constants
+   * ------------------------------------------------------------------------
+   */
+  var NAME = 'alert';
+  var VERSION = '4.0.0';
+  var DATA_KEY = 'bs.alert';
+  var EVENT_KEY = "." + DATA_KEY;
+  var DATA_API_KEY = '.data-api';
+  var JQUERY_NO_CONFLICT = $$$1.fn[NAME];
+  var TRANSITION_DURATION = 150;
+  var Selector = {
+    DISMISS: '[data-dismiss="alert"]'
+  };
+  var Event = {
+    CLOSE: "close" + EVENT_KEY,
+    CLOSED: "closed" + EVENT_KEY,
+    CLICK_DATA_API: "click" + EVENT_KEY + DATA_API_KEY
+  };
+  var ClassName = {
+    ALERT: 'alert',
+    FADE: 'fade',
+    SHOW: 'show'
+    /**
+     * ------------------------------------------------------------------------
+     * Class Definition
+     * ------------------------------------------------------------------------
+     */
+
+  };
+
+  var Alert =
+  /*#__PURE__*/
+  function () {
+    function Alert(element) {
+      this._element = element;
+    } // Getters
+
+
+    var _proto = Alert.prototype;
+
+    // Public
+    _proto.close = function close(element) {
+      element = element || this._element;
+
+      var rootElement = this._getRootElement(element);
+
+      var customEvent = this._triggerCloseEvent(rootElement);
+
+      if (customEvent.isDefaultPrevented()) {
+        return;
+      }
+
+      this._removeElement(rootElement);
+    };
+
+    _proto.dispose = function dispose() {
+      $$$1.removeData(this._element, DATA_KEY);
+      this._element = null;
+    }; // Private
+
+
+    _proto._getRootElement = function _getRootElement(element) {
+      var selector = Util.getSelectorFromElement(element);
+      var parent = false;
+
+      if (selector) {
+        parent = $$$1(selector)[0];
+      }
+
+      if (!parent) {
+        parent = $$$1(element).closest("." + ClassName.ALERT)[0];
+      }
+
+      return parent;
+    };
+
+    _proto._triggerCloseEvent = function _triggerCloseEvent(element) {
+      var closeEvent = $$$1.Event(Event.CLOSE);
+      $$$1(element).trigger(closeEvent);
+      return closeEvent;
+    };
+
+    _proto._removeElement = function _removeElement(element) {
+      var _this = this;
+
+      $$$1(element).removeClass(ClassName.SHOW);
+
+      if (!Util.supportsTransitionEnd() || !$$$1(element).hasClass(ClassName.FADE)) {
+        this._destroyElement(element);
+
+        return;
+      }
+
+      $$$1(element).one(Util.TRANSITION_END, function (event) {
+        return _this._destroyElement(element, event);
+      }).emulateTransitionEnd(TRANSITION_DURATION);
+    };
+
+    _proto._destroyElement = function _destroyElement(element) {
+      $$$1(element).detach().trigger(Event.CLOSED).remove();
+    }; // Static
+
+
+    Alert._jQueryInterface = function _jQueryInterface(config) {
+      return this.each(function () {
+        var $element = $$$1(this);
+        var data = $element.data(DATA_KEY);
+
+        if (!data) {
+          data = new Alert(this);
+          $element.data(DATA_KEY, data);
+        }
+
+        if (config === 'close') {
+          data[config](this);
+        }
+      });
+    };
+
+    Alert._handleDismiss = function _handleDismiss(alertInstance) {
+      return function (event) {
+        if (event) {
+          event.preventDefault();
+        }
+
+        alertInstance.close(this);
+      };
+    };
+
+    _createClass(Alert, null, [{
+      key: "VERSION",
+      get: function get() {
+        return VERSION;
+      }
+    }]);
+    return Alert;
+  }();
+  /**
+   * ------------------------------------------------------------------------
+   * Data Api implementation
+   * ------------------------------------------------------------------------
+   */
+
+
+  $$$1(document).on(Event.CLICK_DATA_API, Selector.DISMISS, Alert._handleDismiss(new Alert()));
+  /**
+   * ------------------------------------------------------------------------
+   * jQuery
+   * ------------------------------------------------------------------------
+   */
+
+  $$$1.fn[NAME] = Alert._jQueryInterface;
+  $$$1.fn[NAME].Constructor = Alert;
+
+  $$$1.fn[NAME].noConflict = function () {
+    $$$1.fn[NAME] = JQUERY_NO_CONFLICT;
+    return Alert._jQueryInterface;
+  };
+
+  return Alert;
+}($);
+
+/**
+ * --------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ * Bootstrap (v4.0.0): button.js
+ * Licensed under MIT (https://github.com/twbs/bootstrap/blob/master/LICENSE)
+ * --------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ */
+
+var Button = function ($$$1) {
+  /**
+   * ------------------------------------------------------------------------
+   * Constants
+   * ------------------------------------------------------------------------
+   */
+  var NAME = 'button';
+  var VERSION = '4.0.0';
+  var DATA_KEY = 'bs.button';
+  var EVENT_KEY = "." + DATA_KEY;
+  var DATA_API_KEY = '.data-api';
+  var JQUERY_NO_CONFLICT = $$$1.fn[NAME];
+  var ClassName = {
+    ACTIVE: 'active',
+    BUTTON: 'btn',
+    FOCUS: 'focus'
+  };
+  var Selector = {
+    DATA_TOGGLE_CARROT: '[data-toggle^="button"]',
+    DATA_TOGGLE: '[data-toggle="buttons"]',
+    INPUT: 'input',
+    ACTIVE: '.active',
+    BUTTON: '.btn'
+  };
+  var Event = {
+    CLICK_DATA_API: "click" + EVENT_KEY + DATA_API_KEY,
+    FOCUS_BLUR_DATA_API: "focus" + EVENT_KEY + DATA_API_KEY + " " + ("blur" + EVENT_KEY + DATA_API_KEY)
+    /**
+     * ------------------------------------------------------------------------
+     * Class Definition
+     * ------------------------------------------------------------------------
+     */
+
+  };
+
+  var Button =
+  /*#__PURE__*/
+  function () {
+    function Button(element) {
+      this._element = element;
+    } // Getters
+
+
+    var _proto = Button.prototype;
+
+    // Public
+    _proto.toggle = function toggle() {
+      var triggerChangeEvent = true;
+      var addAriaPressed = true;
+      var rootElement = $$$1(this._element).closest(Selector.DATA_TOGGLE)[0];
+
+      if (rootElement) {
+        var input = $$$1(this._element).find(Selector.INPUT)[0];
+
+        if (input) {
+          if (input.type === 'radio') {
+            if (input.checked && $$$1(this._element).hasClass(ClassName.ACTIVE)) {
+              triggerChangeEvent = false;
+            } else {
+              var activeElement = $$$1(rootElement).find(Selector.ACTIVE)[0];
+
+              if (activeElement) {
+                $$$1(activeElement).removeClass(ClassName.ACTIVE);
+              }
+            }
+          }
+
+          if (triggerChangeEvent) {
+            if (input.hasAttribute('disabled') || rootElement.hasAttribute('disabled') || input.classList.contains('disabled') || rootElement.classList.contains('disabled')) {
+              return;
+            }
+
+            input.checked = !$$$1(this._element).hasClass(ClassName.ACTIVE);
+            $$$1(input).trigger('change');
+          }
+
+          input.focus();
+          addAriaPressed = false;
+        }
+      }
+
+      if (addAriaPressed) {
+        this._element.setAttribute('aria-pressed', !$$$1(this._element).hasClass(ClassName.ACTIVE));
+      }
+
+      if (triggerChangeEvent) {
+        $$$1(this._element).toggleClass(ClassName.ACTIVE);
+      }
+    };
+
+    _proto.dispose = function dispose() {
+      $$$1.removeData(this._element, DATA_KEY);
+      this._element = null;
+    }; // Static
+
+
+    Button._jQueryInterface = function _jQueryInterface(config) {
+      return this.each(function () {
+        var data = $$$1(this).data(DATA_KEY);
+
+        if (!data) {
+          data = new Button(this);
+          $$$1(this).data(DATA_KEY, data);
+        }
+
+        if (config === 'toggle') {
+          data[config]();
+        }
+      });
+    };
+
+    _createClass(Button, null, [{
+      key: "VERSION",
+      get: function get() {
+        return VERSION;
+      }
+    }]);
+    return Button;
+  }();
+  /**
+   * ------------------------------------------------------------------------
+   * Data Api implementation
+   * ------------------------------------------------------------------------
+   */
+
+
+  $$$1(document).on(Event.CLICK_DATA_API, Selector.DATA_TOGGLE_CARROT, function (event) {
+    event.preventDefault();
+    var button = event.target;
+
+    if (!$$$1(button).hasClass(ClassName.BUTTON)) {
+      button = $$$1(button).closest(Selector.BUTTON);
+    }
+
+    Button._jQueryInterface.call($$$1(button), 'toggle');
+  }).on(Event.FOCUS_BLUR_DATA_API, Selector.DATA_TOGGLE_CARROT, function (event) {
+    var button = $$$1(event.target).closest(Selector.BUTTON)[0];
+    $$$1(button).toggleClass(ClassName.FOCUS, /^focus(in)?$/.test(event.type));
+  });
+  /**
+   * ------------------------------------------------------------------------
+   * jQuery
+   * ------------------------------------------------------------------------
+   */
+
+  $$$1.fn[NAME] = Button._jQueryInterface;
+  $$$1.fn[NAME].Constructor = Button;
+
+  $$$1.fn[NAME].noConflict = function () {
+    $$$1.fn[NAME] = JQUERY_NO_CONFLICT;
+    return Button._jQueryInterface;
+  };
+
+  return Button;
+}($);
+
+/**
+ * --------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ * Bootstrap (v4.0.0): carousel.js
+ * Licensed under MIT (https://github.com/twbs/bootstrap/blob/master/LICENSE)
+ * --------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ */
+
+var Carousel = function ($$$1) {
+  /**
+   * ------------------------------------------------------------------------
+   * Constants
+   * ------------------------------------------------------------------------
+   */
+  var NAME = 'carousel';
+  var VERSION = '4.0.0';
+  var DATA_KEY = 'bs.carousel';
+  var EVENT_KEY = "." + DATA_KEY;
+  var DATA_API_KEY = '.data-api';
+  var JQUERY_NO_CONFLICT = $$$1.fn[NAME];
+  var TRANSITION_DURATION = 600;
+  var ARROW_LEFT_KEYCODE = 37; // KeyboardEvent.which value for left arrow key
+
+  var ARROW_RIGHT_KEYCODE = 39; // KeyboardEvent.which value for right arrow key
+
+  var TOUCHEVENT_COMPAT_WAIT = 500; // Time for mouse compat events to fire after touch
+
+  var Default = {
+    interval: 5000,
+    keyboard: true,
+    slide: false,
+    pause: 'hover',
+    wrap: true
+  };
+  var DefaultType = {
+    interval: '(number|boolean)',
+    keyboard: 'boolean',
+    slide: '(boolean|string)',
+    pause: '(string|boolean)',
+    wrap: 'boolean'
+  };
+  var Direction = {
+    NEXT: 'next',
+    PREV: 'prev',
+    LEFT: 'left',
+    RIGHT: 'right'
+  };
+  var Event = {
+    SLIDE: "slide" + EVENT_KEY,
+    SLID: "slid" + EVENT_KEY,
+    KEYDOWN: "keydown" + EVENT_KEY,
+    MOUSEENTER: "mouseenter" + EVENT_KEY,
+    MOUSELEAVE: "mouseleave" + EVENT_KEY,
+    TOUCHEND: "touchend" + EVENT_KEY,
+    LOAD_DATA_API: "load" + EVENT_KEY + DATA_API_KEY,
+    CLICK_DATA_API: "click" + EVENT_KEY + DATA_API_KEY
+  };
+  var ClassName = {
+    CAROUSEL: 'carousel',
+    ACTIVE: 'active',
+    SLIDE: 'slide',
+    RIGHT: 'carousel-item-right',
+    LEFT: 'carousel-item-left',
+    NEXT: 'carousel-item-next',
+    PREV: 'carousel-item-prev',
+    ITEM: 'carousel-item'
+  };
+  var Selector = {
+    ACTIVE: '.active',
+    ACTIVE_ITEM: '.active.carousel-item',
+    ITEM: '.carousel-item',
+    NEXT_PREV: '.carousel-item-next, .carousel-item-prev',
+    INDICATORS: '.carousel-indicators',
+    DATA_SLIDE: '[data-slide], [data-slide-to]',
+    DATA_RIDE: '[data-ride="carousel"]'
+    /**
+     * ------------------------------------------------------------------------
+     * Class Definition
+     * ------------------------------------------------------------------------
+     */
+
+  };
+
+  var Carousel =
+  /*#__PURE__*/
+  function () {
+    function Carousel(element, config) {
+      this._items = null;
+      this._interval = null;
+      this._activeElement = null;
+      this._isPaused = false;
+      this._isSliding = false;
+      this.touchTimeout = null;
+      this._config = this._getConfig(config);
+      this._element = $$$1(element)[0];
+      this._indicatorsElement = $$$1(this._element).find(Selector.INDICATORS)[0];
+
+      this._addEventListeners();
+    } // Getters
+
+
+    var _proto = Carousel.prototype;
+
+    // Public
+    _proto.next = function next() {
+      if (!this._isSliding) {
+        this._slide(Direction.NEXT);
+      }
+    };
+
+    _proto.nextWhenVisible = function nextWhenVisible() {
+      // Don't call next when the page isn't visible
+      // or the carousel or its parent isn't visible
+      if (!document.hidden && $$$1(this._element).is(':visible') && $$$1(this._element).css('visibility') !== 'hidden') {
+        this.next();
+      }
+    };
+
+    _proto.prev = function prev() {
+      if (!this._isSliding) {
+        this._slide(Direction.PREV);
+      }
+    };
+
+    _proto.pause = function pause(event) {
+      if (!event) {
+        this._isPaused = true;
+      }
+
+      if ($$$1(this._element).find(Selector.NEXT_PREV)[0] && Util.supportsTransitionEnd()) {
+        Util.triggerTransitionEnd(this._element);
+        this.cycle(true);
+      }
+
+      clearInterval(this._interval);
+      this._interval = null;
+    };
+
+    _proto.cycle = function cycle(event) {
+      if (!event) {
+        this._isPaused = false;
+      }
+
+      if (this._interval) {
+        clearInterval(this._interval);
+        this._interval = null;
+      }
+
+      if (this._config.interval && !this._isPaused) {
+        this._interval = setInterval((document.visibilityState ? this.nextWhenVisible : this.next).bind(this), this._config.interval);
+      }
+    };
+
+    _proto.to = function to(index) {
+      var _this = this;
+
+      this._activeElement = $$$1(this._element).find(Selector.ACTIVE_ITEM)[0];
+
+      var activeIndex = this._getItemIndex(this._activeElement);
+
+      if (index > this._items.length - 1 || index < 0) {
+        return;
+      }
+
+      if (this._isSliding) {
+        $$$1(this._element).one(Event.SLID, function () {
+          return _this.to(index);
+        });
+        return;
+      }
+
+      if (activeIndex === index) {
+        this.pause();
+        this.cycle();
+        return;
+      }
+
+      var direction = index > activeIndex ? Direction.NEXT : Direction.PREV;
+
+      this._slide(direction, this._items[index]);
+    };
+
+    _proto.dispose = function dispose() {
+      $$$1(this._element).off(EVENT_KEY);
+      $$$1.removeData(this._element, DATA_KEY);
+      this._items = null;
+      this._config = null;
+      this._element = null;
+      this._interval = null;
+      this._isPaused = null;
+      this._isSliding = null;
+      this._activeElement = null;
+      this._indicatorsElement = null;
+    }; // Private
+
+
+    _proto._getConfig = function _getConfig(config) {
+      config = _extends({}, Default, config);
+      Util.typeCheckConfig(NAME, config, DefaultType);
+      return config;
+    };
+
+    _proto._addEventListeners = function _addEventListeners() {
+      var _this2 = this;
+
+      if (this._config.keyboard) {
+        $$$1(this._element).on(Event.KEYDOWN, function (event) {
+          return _this2._keydown(event);
+        });
+      }
+
+      if (this._config.pause === 'hover') {
+        $$$1(this._element).on(Event.MOUSEENTER, function (event) {
+          return _this2.pause(event);
+        }).on(Event.MOUSELEAVE, function (event) {
+          return _this2.cycle(event);
+        });
+
+        if ('ontouchstart' in document.documentElement) {
+          // If it's a touch-enabled device, mouseenter/leave are fired as
+          // part of the mouse compatibility events on first tap - the carousel
+          // would stop cycling until user tapped out of it;
+          // here, we listen for touchend, explicitly pause the carousel
+          // (as if it's the second time we tap on it, mouseenter compat event
+          // is NOT fired) and after a timeout (to allow for mouse compatibility
+          // events to fire) we explicitly restart cycling
+          $$$1(this._element).on(Event.TOUCHEND, function () {
+            _this2.pause();
+
+            if (_this2.touchTimeout) {
+              clearTimeout(_this2.touchTimeout);
+            }
+
+            _this2.touchTimeout = setTimeout(function (event) {
+              return _this2.cycle(event);
+            }, TOUCHEVENT_COMPAT_WAIT + _this2._config.interval);
+          });
+        }
+      }
+    };
+
+    _proto._keydown = function _keydown(event) {
+      if (/input|textarea/i.test(event.target.tagName)) {
+        return;
+      }
+
+      switch (event.which) {
+        case ARROW_LEFT_KEYCODE:
+          event.preventDefault();
+          this.prev();
+          break;
+
+        case ARROW_RIGHT_KEYCODE:
+          event.preventDefault();
+          this.next();
+          break;
+
+        default:
+      }
+    };
+
+    _proto._getItemIndex = function _getItemIndex(element) {
+      this._items = $$$1.makeArray($$$1(element).parent().find(Selector.ITEM));
+      return this._items.indexOf(element);
+    };
+
+    _proto._getItemByDirection = function _getItemByDirection(direction, activeElement) {
+      var isNextDirection = direction === Direction.NEXT;
+      var isPrevDirection = direction === Direction.PREV;
+
+      var activeIndex = this._getItemIndex(activeElement);
+
+      var lastItemIndex = this._items.length - 1;
+      var isGoingToWrap = isPrevDirection && activeIndex === 0 || isNextDirection && activeIndex === lastItemIndex;
+
+      if (isGoingToWrap && !this._config.wrap) {
+        return activeElement;
+      }
+
+      var delta = direction === Direction.PREV ? -1 : 1;
+      var itemIndex = (activeIndex + delta) % this._items.length;
+      return itemIndex === -1 ? this._items[this._items.length - 1] : this._items[itemIndex];
+    };
+
+    _proto._triggerSlideEvent = function _triggerSlideEvent(relatedTarget, eventDirectionName) {
+      var targetIndex = this._getItemIndex(relatedTarget);
+
+      var fromIndex = this._getItemIndex($$$1(this._element).find(Selector.ACTIVE_ITEM)[0]);
+
+      var slideEvent = $$$1.Event(Event.SLIDE, {
+        relatedTarget: relatedTarget,
+        direction: eventDirectionName,
+        from: fromIndex,
+        to: targetIndex
+      });
+      $$$1(this._element).trigger(slideEvent);
+      return slideEvent;
+    };
+
+    _proto._setActiveIndicatorElement = function _setActiveIndicatorElement(element) {
+      if (this._indicatorsElement) {
+        $$$1(this._indicatorsElement).find(Selector.ACTIVE).removeClass(ClassName.ACTIVE);
+
+        var nextIndicator = this._indicatorsElement.children[this._getItemIndex(element)];
+
+        if (nextIndicator) {
+          $$$1(nextIndicator).addClass(ClassName.ACTIVE);
+        }
+      }
+    };
+
+    _proto._slide = function _slide(direction, element) {
+      var _this3 = this;
+
+      var activeElement = $$$1(this._element).find(Selector.ACTIVE_ITEM)[0];
+
+      var activeElementIndex = this._getItemIndex(activeElement);
+
+      var nextElement = element || activeElement && this._getItemByDirection(direction, activeElement);
+
+      var nextElementIndex = this._getItemIndex(nextElement);
+
+      var isCycling = Boolean(this._interval);
+      var directionalClassName;
+      var orderClassName;
+      var eventDirectionName;
+
+      if (direction === Direction.NEXT) {
+        directionalClassName = ClassName.LEFT;
+        orderClassName = ClassName.NEXT;
+        eventDirectionName = Direction.LEFT;
+      } else {
+        directionalClassName = ClassName.RIGHT;
+        orderClassName = ClassName.PREV;
+        eventDirectionName = Direction.RIGHT;
+      }
+
+      if (nextElement && $$$1(nextElement).hasClass(ClassName.ACTIVE)) {
+        this._isSliding = false;
+        return;
+      }
+
+      var slideEvent = this._triggerSlideEvent(nextElement, eventDirectionName);
+
+      if (slideEvent.isDefaultPrevented()) {
+        return;
+      }
+
+      if (!activeElement || !nextElement) {
+        // Some weirdness is happening, so we bail
+        return;
+      }
+
+      this._isSliding = true;
+
+      if (isCycling) {
+        this.pause();
+      }
+
+      this._setActiveIndicatorElement(nextElement);
+
+      var slidEvent = $$$1.Event(Event.SLID, {
+        relatedTarget: nextElement,
+        direction: eventDirectionName,
+        from: activeElementIndex,
+        to: nextElementIndex
+      });
+
+      if (Util.supportsTransitionEnd() && $$$1(this._element).hasClass(ClassName.SLIDE)) {
+        $$$1(nextElement).addClass(orderClassName);
+        Util.reflow(nextElement);
+        $$$1(activeElement).addClass(directionalClassName);
+        $$$1(nextElement).addClass(directionalClassName);
+        $$$1(activeElement).one(Util.TRANSITION_END, function () {
+          $$$1(nextElement).removeClass(directionalClassName + " " + orderClassName).addClass(ClassName.ACTIVE);
+          $$$1(activeElement).removeClass(ClassName.ACTIVE + " " + orderClassName + " " + directionalClassName);
+          _this3._isSliding = false;
+          setTimeout(function () {
+            return $$$1(_this3._element).trigger(slidEvent);
+          }, 0);
+        }).emulateTransitionEnd(TRANSITION_DURATION);
+      } else {
+        $$$1(activeElement).removeClass(ClassName.ACTIVE);
+        $$$1(nextElement).addClass(ClassName.ACTIVE);
+        this._isSliding = false;
+        $$$1(this._element).trigger(slidEvent);
+      }
+
+      if (isCycling) {
+        this.cycle();
+      }
+    }; // Static
+
+
+    Carousel._jQueryInterface = function _jQueryInterface(config) {
+      return this.each(function () {
+        var data = $$$1(this).data(DATA_KEY);
+
+        var _config = _extends({}, Default, $$$1(this).data());
+
+        if (typeof config === 'object') {
+          _config = _extends({}, _config, config);
+        }
+
+        var action = typeof config === 'string' ? config : _config.slide;
+
+        if (!data) {
+          data = new Carousel(this, _config);
+          $$$1(this).data(DATA_KEY, data);
+        }
+
+        if (typeof config === 'number') {
+          data.to(config);
+        } else if (typeof action === 'string') {
+          if (typeof data[action] === 'undefined') {
+            throw new TypeError("No method named \"" + action + "\"");
+          }
+
+          data[action]();
+        } else if (_config.interval) {
+          data.pause();
+          data.cycle();
+        }
+      });
+    };
+
+    Carousel._dataApiClickHandler = function _dataApiClickHandler(event) {
+      var selector = Util.getSelectorFromElement(this);
+
+      if (!selector) {
+        return;
+      }
+
+      var target = $$$1(selector)[0];
+
+      if (!target || !$$$1(target).hasClass(ClassName.CAROUSEL)) {
+        return;
+      }
+
+      var config = _extends({}, $$$1(target).data(), $$$1(this).data());
+      var slideIndex = this.getAttribute('data-slide-to');
+
+      if (slideIndex) {
+        config.interval = false;
+      }
+
+      Carousel._jQueryInterface.call($$$1(target), config);
+
+      if (slideIndex) {
+        $$$1(target).data(DATA_KEY).to(slideIndex);
+      }
+
+      event.preventDefault();
+    };
+
+    _createClass(Carousel, null, [{
+      key: "VERSION",
+      get: function get() {
+        return VERSION;
+      }
+    }, {
+      key: "Default",
+      get: function get() {
+        return Default;
+      }
+    }]);
+    return Carousel;
+  }();
+  /**
+   * ------------------------------------------------------------------------
+   * Data Api implementation
+   * ------------------------------------------------------------------------
+   */
+
+
+  $$$1(document).on(Event.CLICK_DATA_API, Selector.DATA_SLIDE, Carousel._dataApiClickHandler);
+  $$$1(window).on(Event.LOAD_DATA_API, function () {
+    $$$1(Selector.DATA_RIDE).each(function () {
+      var $carousel = $$$1(this);
+
+      Carousel._jQueryInterface.call($carousel, $carousel.data());
+    });
+  });
+  /**
+   * ------------------------------------------------------------------------
+   * jQuery
+   * ------------------------------------------------------------------------
+   */
+
+  $$$1.fn[NAME] = Carousel._jQueryInterface;
+  $$$1.fn[NAME].Constructor = Carousel;
+
+  $$$1.fn[NAME].noConflict = function () {
+    $$$1.fn[NAME] = JQUERY_NO_CONFLICT;
+    return Carousel._jQueryInterface;
+  };
+
+  return Carousel;
+}($);
+
+/**
+ * --------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ * Bootstrap (v4.0.0): collapse.js
+ * Licensed under MIT (https://github.com/twbs/bootstrap/blob/master/LICENSE)
+ * --------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ */
+
+var Collapse = function ($$$1) {
+  /**
+   * ------------------------------------------------------------------------
+   * Constants
+   * ------------------------------------------------------------------------
+   */
+  var NAME = 'collapse';
+  var VERSION = '4.0.0';
+  var DATA_KEY = 'bs.collapse';
+  var EVENT_KEY = "." + DATA_KEY;
+  var DATA_API_KEY = '.data-api';
+  var JQUERY_NO_CONFLICT = $$$1.fn[NAME];
+  var TRANSITION_DURATION = 600;
+  var Default = {
+    toggle: true,
+    parent: ''
+  };
+  var DefaultType = {
+    toggle: 'boolean',
+    parent: '(string|element)'
+  };
+  var Event = {
+    SHOW: "show" + EVENT_KEY,
+    SHOWN: "shown" + EVENT_KEY,
+    HIDE: "hide" + EVENT_KEY,
+    HIDDEN: "hidden" + EVENT_KEY,
+    CLICK_DATA_API: "click" + EVENT_KEY + DATA_API_KEY
+  };
+  var ClassName = {
+    SHOW: 'show',
+    COLLAPSE: 'collapse',
+    COLLAPSING: 'collapsing',
+    COLLAPSED: 'collapsed'
+  };
+  var Dimension = {
+    WIDTH: 'width',
+    HEIGHT: 'height'
+  };
+  var Selector = {
+    ACTIVES: '.show, .collapsing',
+    DATA_TOGGLE: '[data-toggle="collapse"]'
+    /**
+     * ------------------------------------------------------------------------
+     * Class Definition
+     * ------------------------------------------------------------------------
+     */
+
+  };
+
+  var Collapse =
+  /*#__PURE__*/
+  function () {
+    function Collapse(element, config) {
+      this._isTransitioning = false;
+      this._element = element;
+      this._config = this._getConfig(config);
+      this._triggerArray = $$$1.makeArray($$$1("[data-toggle=\"collapse\"][href=\"#" + element.id + "\"]," + ("[data-toggle=\"collapse\"][data-target=\"#" + element.id + "\"]")));
+      var tabToggles = $$$1(Selector.DATA_TOGGLE);
+
+      for (var i = 0; i < tabToggles.length; i++) {
+        var elem = tabToggles[i];
+        var selector = Util.getSelectorFromElement(elem);
+
+        if (selector !== null && $$$1(selector).filter(element).length > 0) {
+          this._selector = selector;
+
+          this._triggerArray.push(elem);
+        }
+      }
+
+      this._parent = this._config.parent ? this._getParent() : null;
+
+      if (!this._config.parent) {
+        this._addAriaAndCollapsedClass(this._element, this._triggerArray);
+      }
+
+      if (this._config.toggle) {
+        this.toggle();
+      }
+    } // Getters
+
+
+    var _proto = Collapse.prototype;
+
+    // Public
+    _proto.toggle = function toggle() {
+      if ($$$1(this._element).hasClass(ClassName.SHOW)) {
+        this.hide();
+      } else {
+        this.show();
+      }
+    };
+
+    _proto.show = function show() {
+      var _this = this;
+
+      if (this._isTransitioning || $$$1(this._element).hasClass(ClassName.SHOW)) {
+        return;
+      }
+
+      var actives;
+      var activesData;
+
+      if (this._parent) {
+        actives = $$$1.makeArray($$$1(this._parent).find(Selector.ACTIVES).filter("[data-parent=\"" + this._config.parent + "\"]"));
+
+        if (actives.length === 0) {
+          actives = null;
+        }
+      }
+
+      if (actives) {
+        activesData = $$$1(actives).not(this._selector).data(DATA_KEY);
+
+        if (activesData && activesData._isTransitioning) {
+          return;
+        }
+      }
+
+      var startEvent = $$$1.Event(Event.SHOW);
+      $$$1(this._element).trigger(startEvent);
+
+      if (startEvent.isDefaultPrevented()) {
+        return;
+      }
+
+      if (actives) {
+        Collapse._jQueryInterface.call($$$1(actives).not(this._selector), 'hide');
+
+        if (!activesData) {
+          $$$1(actives).data(DATA_KEY, null);
+        }
+      }
+
+      var dimension = this._getDimension();
+
+      $$$1(this._element).removeClass(ClassName.COLLAPSE).addClass(ClassName.COLLAPSING);
+      this._element.style[dimension] = 0;
+
+      if (this._triggerArray.length > 0) {
+        $$$1(this._triggerArray).removeClass(ClassName.COLLAPSED).attr('aria-expanded', true);
+      }
+
+      this.setTransitioning(true);
+
+      var complete = function complete() {
+        $$$1(_this._element).removeClass(ClassName.COLLAPSING).addClass(ClassName.COLLAPSE).addClass(ClassName.SHOW);
+        _this._element.style[dimension] = '';
+
+        _this.setTransitioning(false);
+
+        $$$1(_this._element).trigger(Event.SHOWN);
+      };
+
+      if (!Util.supportsTransitionEnd()) {
+        complete();
+        return;
+      }
+
+      var capitalizedDimension = dimension[0].toUpperCase() + dimension.slice(1);
+      var scrollSize = "scroll" + capitalizedDimension;
+      $$$1(this._element).one(Util.TRANSITION_END, complete).emulateTransitionEnd(TRANSITION_DURATION);
+      this._element.style[dimension] = this._element[scrollSize] + "px";
+    };
+
+    _proto.hide = function hide() {
+      var _this2 = this;
+
+      if (this._isTransitioning || !$$$1(this._element).hasClass(ClassName.SHOW)) {
+        return;
+      }
+
+      var startEvent = $$$1.Event(Event.HIDE);
+      $$$1(this._element).trigger(startEvent);
+
+      if (startEvent.isDefaultPrevented()) {
+        return;
+      }
+
+      var dimension = this._getDimension();
+
+      this._element.style[dimension] = this._element.getBoundingClientRect()[dimension] + "px";
+      Util.reflow(this._element);
+      $$$1(this._element).addClass(ClassName.COLLAPSING).removeClass(ClassName.COLLAPSE).removeClass(ClassName.SHOW);
+
+      if (this._triggerArray.length > 0) {
+        for (var i = 0; i < this._triggerArray.length; i++) {
+          var trigger = this._triggerArray[i];
+          var selector = Util.getSelectorFromElement(trigger);
+
+          if (selector !== null) {
+            var $elem = $$$1(selector);
+
+            if (!$elem.hasClass(ClassName.SHOW)) {
+              $$$1(trigger).addClass(ClassName.COLLAPSED).attr('aria-expanded', false);
+            }
+          }
+        }
+      }
+
+      this.setTransitioning(true);
+
+      var complete = function complete() {
+        _this2.setTransitioning(false);
+
+        $$$1(_this2._element).removeClass(ClassName.COLLAPSING).addClass(ClassName.COLLAPSE).trigger(Event.HIDDEN);
+      };
+
+      this._element.style[dimension] = '';
+
+      if (!Util.supportsTransitionEnd()) {
+        complete();
+        return;
+      }
+
+      $$$1(this._element).one(Util.TRANSITION_END, complete).emulateTransitionEnd(TRANSITION_DURATION);
+    };
+
+    _proto.setTransitioning = function setTransitioning(isTransitioning) {
+      this._isTransitioning = isTransitioning;
+    };
+
+    _proto.dispose = function dispose() {
+      $$$1.removeData(this._element, DATA_KEY);
+      this._config = null;
+      this._parent = null;
+      this._element = null;
+      this._triggerArray = null;
+      this._isTransitioning = null;
+    }; // Private
+
+
+    _proto._getConfig = function _getConfig(config) {
+      config = _extends({}, Default, config);
+      config.toggle = Boolean(config.toggle); // Coerce string values
+
+      Util.typeCheckConfig(NAME, config, DefaultType);
+      return config;
+    };
+
+    _proto._getDimension = function _getDimension() {
+      var hasWidth = $$$1(this._element).hasClass(Dimension.WIDTH);
+      return hasWidth ? Dimension.WIDTH : Dimension.HEIGHT;
+    };
+
+    _proto._getParent = function _getParent() {
+      var _this3 = this;
+
+      var parent = null;
+
+      if (Util.isElement(this._config.parent)) {
+        parent = this._config.parent; // It's a jQuery object
+
+        if (typeof this._config.parent.jquery !== 'undefined') {
+          parent = this._config.parent[0];
+        }
+      } else {
+        parent = $$$1(this._config.parent)[0];
+      }
+
+      var selector = "[data-toggle=\"collapse\"][data-parent=\"" + this._config.parent + "\"]";
+      $$$1(parent).find(selector).each(function (i, element) {
+        _this3._addAriaAndCollapsedClass(Collapse._getTargetFromElement(element), [element]);
+      });
+      return parent;
+    };
+
+    _proto._addAriaAndCollapsedClass = function _addAriaAndCollapsedClass(element, triggerArray) {
+      if (element) {
+        var isOpen = $$$1(element).hasClass(ClassName.SHOW);
+
+        if (triggerArray.length > 0) {
+          $$$1(triggerArray).toggleClass(ClassName.COLLAPSED, !isOpen).attr('aria-expanded', isOpen);
+        }
+      }
+    }; // Static
+
+
+    Collapse._getTargetFromElement = function _getTargetFromElement(element) {
+      var selector = Util.getSelectorFromElement(element);
+      return selector ? $$$1(selector)[0] : null;
+    };
+
+    Collapse._jQueryInterface = function _jQueryInterface(config) {
+      return this.each(function () {
+        var $this = $$$1(this);
+        var data = $this.data(DATA_KEY);
+
+        var _config = _extends({}, Default, $this.data(), typeof config === 'object' && config);
+
+        if (!data && _config.toggle && /show|hide/.test(config)) {
+          _config.toggle = false;
+        }
+
+        if (!data) {
+          data = new Collapse(this, _config);
+          $this.data(DATA_KEY, data);
+        }
+
+        if (typeof config === 'string') {
+          if (typeof data[config] === 'undefined') {
+            throw new TypeError("No method named \"" + config + "\"");
+          }
+
+          data[config]();
+        }
+      });
+    };
+
+    _createClass(Collapse, null, [{
+      key: "VERSION",
+      get: function get() {
+        return VERSION;
+      }
+    }, {
+      key: "Default",
+      get: function get() {
+        return Default;
+      }
+    }]);
+    return Collapse;
+  }();
+  /**
+   * ------------------------------------------------------------------------
+   * Data Api implementation
+   * ------------------------------------------------------------------------
+   */
+
+
+  $$$1(document).on(Event.CLICK_DATA_API, Selector.DATA_TOGGLE, function (event) {
+    // preventDefault only for <a> elements (which change the URL) not inside the collapsible element
+    if (event.currentTarget.tagName === 'A') {
+      event.preventDefault();
+    }
+
+    var $trigger = $$$1(this);
+    var selector = Util.getSelectorFromElement(this);
+    $$$1(selector).each(function () {
+      var $target = $$$1(this);
+      var data = $target.data(DATA_KEY);
+      var config = data ? 'toggle' : $trigger.data();
+
+      Collapse._jQueryInterface.call($target, config);
+    });
+  });
+  /**
+   * ------------------------------------------------------------------------
+   * jQuery
+   * ------------------------------------------------------------------------
+   */
+
+  $$$1.fn[NAME] = Collapse._jQueryInterface;
+  $$$1.fn[NAME].Constructor = Collapse;
+
+  $$$1.fn[NAME].noConflict = function () {
+    $$$1.fn[NAME] = JQUERY_NO_CONFLICT;
+    return Collapse._jQueryInterface;
+  };
+
+  return Collapse;
+}($);
+
+/**!
+ * @fileOverview Kickass library to create and place poppers near their reference elements.
+ * @version 1.12.9
+ * @license
+ * Copyright (c) 2016 Federico Zivolo and contributors
+ *
+ * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
+ * of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
+ * in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
+ * to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
+ * copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
+ * furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
+ *
+ * The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in all
+ * copies or substantial portions of the Software.
+ *
+ * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
+ * IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
+ * AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
+ * LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
+ * OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE
+ * SOFTWARE.
+ */
+var isBrowser = typeof window !== 'undefined' && typeof document !== 'undefined';
+var longerTimeoutBrowsers = ['Edge', 'Trident', 'Firefox'];
+var timeoutDuration = 0;
+for (var i = 0; i < longerTimeoutBrowsers.length; i += 1) {
+  if (isBrowser && navigator.userAgent.indexOf(longerTimeoutBrowsers[i]) >= 0) {
+    timeoutDuration = 1;
+    break;
+  }
+}
+
+function microtaskDebounce(fn) {
+  var called = false;
+  return function () {
+    if (called) {
+      return;
+    }
+    called = true;
+    window.Promise.resolve().then(function () {
+      called = false;
+      fn();
+    });
+  };
+}
+
+function taskDebounce(fn) {
+  var scheduled = false;
+  return function () {
+    if (!scheduled) {
+      scheduled = true;
+      setTimeout(function () {
+        scheduled = false;
+        fn();
+      }, timeoutDuration);
+    }
+  };
+}
+
+var supportsMicroTasks = isBrowser && window.Promise;
+
+/**
+* Create a debounced version of a method, that's asynchronously deferred
+* but called in the minimum time possible.
+*
+* @method
+* @memberof Popper.Utils
+* @argument {Function} fn
+* @returns {Function}
+*/
+var debounce = supportsMicroTasks ? microtaskDebounce : taskDebounce;
+
+/**
+ * Check if the given variable is a function
+ * @method
+ * @memberof Popper.Utils
+ * @argument {Any} functionToCheck - variable to check
+ * @returns {Boolean} answer to: is a function?
+ */
+function isFunction(functionToCheck) {
+  var getType = {};
+  return functionToCheck && getType.toString.call(functionToCheck) === '[object Function]';
+}
+
+/**
+ * Get CSS computed property of the given element
+ * @method
+ * @memberof Popper.Utils
+ * @argument {Eement} element
+ * @argument {String} property
+ */
+function getStyleComputedProperty(element, property) {
+  if (element.nodeType !== 1) {
+    return [];
+  }
+  // NOTE: 1 DOM access here
+  var css = getComputedStyle(element, null);
+  return property ? css[property] : css;
+}
+
+/**
+ * Returns the parentNode or the host of the element
+ * @method
+ * @memberof Popper.Utils
+ * @argument {Element} element
+ * @returns {Element} parent
+ */
+function getParentNode(element) {
+  if (element.nodeName === 'HTML') {
+    return element;
+  }
+  return element.parentNode || element.host;
+}
+
+/**
+ * Returns the scrolling parent of the given element
+ * @method
+ * @memberof Popper.Utils
+ * @argument {Element} element
+ * @returns {Element} scroll parent
+ */
+function getScrollParent(element) {
+  // Return body, `getScroll` will take care to get the correct `scrollTop` from it
+  if (!element) {
+    return document.body;
+  }
+
+  switch (element.nodeName) {
+    case 'HTML':
+    case 'BODY':
+      return element.ownerDocument.body;
+    case '#document':
+      return element.body;
+  }
+
+  // Firefox want us to check `-x` and `-y` variations as well
+
+  var _getStyleComputedProp = getStyleComputedProperty(element),
+      overflow = _getStyleComputedProp.overflow,
+      overflowX = _getStyleComputedProp.overflowX,
+      overflowY = _getStyleComputedProp.overflowY;
+
+  if (/(auto|scroll)/.test(overflow + overflowY + overflowX)) {
+    return element;
+  }
+
+  return getScrollParent(getParentNode(element));
+}
+
+/**
+ * Returns the offset parent of the given element
+ * @method
+ * @memberof Popper.Utils
+ * @argument {Element} element
+ * @returns {Element} offset parent
+ */
+function getOffsetParent(element) {
+  // NOTE: 1 DOM access here
+  var offsetParent = element && element.offsetParent;
+  var nodeName = offsetParent && offsetParent.nodeName;
+
+  if (!nodeName || nodeName === 'BODY' || nodeName === 'HTML') {
+    if (element) {
+      return element.ownerDocument.documentElement;
+    }
+
+    return document.documentElement;
+  }
+
+  // .offsetParent will return the closest TD or TABLE in case
+  // no offsetParent is present, I hate this job...
+  if (['TD', 'TABLE'].indexOf(offsetParent.nodeName) !== -1 && getStyleComputedProperty(offsetParent, 'position') === 'static') {
+    return getOffsetParent(offsetParent);
+  }
+
+  return offsetParent;
+}
+
+function isOffsetContainer(element) {
+  var nodeName = element.nodeName;
+
+  if (nodeName === 'BODY') {
+    return false;
+  }
+  return nodeName === 'HTML' || getOffsetParent(element.firstElementChild) === element;
+}
+
+/**
+ * Finds the root node (document, shadowDOM root) of the given element
+ * @method
+ * @memberof Popper.Utils
+ * @argument {Element} node
+ * @returns {Element} root node
+ */
+function getRoot(node) {
+  if (node.parentNode !== null) {
+    return getRoot(node.parentNode);
+  }
+
+  return node;
+}
+
+/**
+ * Finds the offset parent common to the two provided nodes
+ * @method
+ * @memberof Popper.Utils
+ * @argument {Element} element1
+ * @argument {Element} element2
+ * @returns {Element} common offset parent
+ */
+function findCommonOffsetParent(element1, element2) {
+  // This check is needed to avoid errors in case one of the elements isn't defined for any reason
+  if (!element1 || !element1.nodeType || !element2 || !element2.nodeType) {
+    return document.documentElement;
+  }
+
+  // Here we make sure to give as "start" the element that comes first in the DOM
+  var order = element1.compareDocumentPosition(element2) & Node.DOCUMENT_POSITION_FOLLOWING;
+  var start = order ? element1 : element2;
+  var end = order ? element2 : element1;
+
+  // Get common ancestor container
+  var range = document.createRange();
+  range.setStart(start, 0);
+  range.setEnd(end, 0);
+  var commonAncestorContainer = range.commonAncestorContainer;
+
+  // Both nodes are inside #document
+
+  if (element1 !== commonAncestorContainer && element2 !== commonAncestorContainer || start.contains(end)) {
+    if (isOffsetContainer(commonAncestorContainer)) {
+      return commonAncestorContainer;
+    }
+
+    return getOffsetParent(commonAncestorContainer);
+  }
+
+  // one of the nodes is inside shadowDOM, find which one
+  var element1root = getRoot(element1);
+  if (element1root.host) {
+    return findCommonOffsetParent(element1root.host, element2);
+  } else {
+    return findCommonOffsetParent(element1, getRoot(element2).host);
+  }
+}
+
+/**
+ * Gets the scroll value of the given element in the given side (top and left)
+ * @method
+ * @memberof Popper.Utils
+ * @argument {Element} element
+ * @argument {String} side `top` or `left`
+ * @returns {number} amount of scrolled pixels
+ */
+function getScroll(element) {
+  var side = arguments.length > 1 && arguments[1] !== undefined ? arguments[1] : 'top';
+
+  var upperSide = side === 'top' ? 'scrollTop' : 'scrollLeft';
+  var nodeName = element.nodeName;
+
+  if (nodeName === 'BODY' || nodeName === 'HTML') {
+    var html = element.ownerDocument.documentElement;
+    var scrollingElement = element.ownerDocument.scrollingElement || html;
+    return scrollingElement[upperSide];
+  }
+
+  return element[upperSide];
+}
+
+/*
+ * Sum or subtract the element scroll values (left and top) from a given rect object
+ * @method
+ * @memberof Popper.Utils
+ * @param {Object} rect - Rect object you want to change
+ * @param {HTMLElement} element - The element from the function reads the scroll values
+ * @param {Boolean} subtract - set to true if you want to subtract the scroll values
+ * @return {Object} rect - The modifier rect object
+ */
+function includeScroll(rect, element) {
+  var subtract = arguments.length > 2 && arguments[2] !== undefined ? arguments[2] : false;
+
+  var scrollTop = getScroll(element, 'top');
+  var scrollLeft = getScroll(element, 'left');
+  var modifier = subtract ? -1 : 1;
+  rect.top += scrollTop * modifier;
+  rect.bottom += scrollTop * modifier;
+  rect.left += scrollLeft * modifier;
+  rect.right += scrollLeft * modifier;
+  return rect;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Helper to detect borders of a given element
+ * @method
+ * @memberof Popper.Utils
+ * @param {CSSStyleDeclaration} styles
+ * Result of `getStyleComputedProperty` on the given element
+ * @param {String} axis - `x` or `y`
+ * @return {number} borders - The borders size of the given axis
+ */
+
+function getBordersSize(styles, axis) {
+  var sideA = axis === 'x' ? 'Left' : 'Top';
+  var sideB = sideA === 'Left' ? 'Right' : 'Bottom';
+
+  return parseFloat(styles['border' + sideA + 'Width'], 10) + parseFloat(styles['border' + sideB + 'Width'], 10);
+}
+
+/**
+ * Tells if you are running Internet Explorer 10
+ * @method
+ * @memberof Popper.Utils
+ * @returns {Boolean} isIE10
+ */
+var isIE10 = undefined;
+
+var isIE10$1 = function () {
+  if (isIE10 === undefined) {
+    isIE10 = navigator.appVersion.indexOf('MSIE 10') !== -1;
+  }
+  return isIE10;
+};
+
+function getSize(axis, body, html, computedStyle) {
+  return Math.max(body['offset' + axis], body['scroll' + axis], html['client' + axis], html['offset' + axis], html['scroll' + axis], isIE10$1() ? html['offset' + axis] + computedStyle['margin' + (axis === 'Height' ? 'Top' : 'Left')] + computedStyle['margin' + (axis === 'Height' ? 'Bottom' : 'Right')] : 0);
+}
+
+function getWindowSizes() {
+  var body = document.body;
+  var html = document.documentElement;
+  var computedStyle = isIE10$1() && getComputedStyle(html);
+
+  return {
+    height: getSize('Height', body, html, computedStyle),
+    width: getSize('Width', body, html, computedStyle)
+  };
+}
+
+var classCallCheck = function (instance, Constructor) {
+  if (!(instance instanceof Constructor)) {
+    throw new TypeError("Cannot call a class as a function");
+  }
+};
+
+var createClass = function () {
+  function defineProperties(target, props) {
+    for (var i = 0; i < props.length; i++) {
+      var descriptor = props[i];
+      descriptor.enumerable = descriptor.enumerable || false;
+      descriptor.configurable = true;
+      if ("value" in descriptor) descriptor.writable = true;
+      Object.defineProperty(target, descriptor.key, descriptor);
+    }
+  }
+
+  return function (Constructor, protoProps, staticProps) {
+    if (protoProps) defineProperties(Constructor.prototype, protoProps);
+    if (staticProps) defineProperties(Constructor, staticProps);
+    return Constructor;
+  };
+}();
+
+
+
+
+
+var defineProperty = function (obj, key, value) {
+  if (key in obj) {
+    Object.defineProperty(obj, key, {
+      value: value,
+      enumerable: true,
+      configurable: true,
+      writable: true
+    });
+  } else {
+    obj[key] = value;
+  }
+
+  return obj;
+};
+
+var _extends$1 = Object.assign || function (target) {
+  for (var i = 1; i < arguments.length; i++) {
+    var source = arguments[i];
+
+    for (var key in source) {
+      if (Object.prototype.hasOwnProperty.call(source, key)) {
+        target[key] = source[key];
+      }
+    }
+  }
+
+  return target;
+};
+
+/**
+ * Given element offsets, generate an output similar to getBoundingClientRect
+ * @method
+ * @memberof Popper.Utils
+ * @argument {Object} offsets
+ * @returns {Object} ClientRect like output
+ */
+function getClientRect(offsets) {
+  return _extends$1({}, offsets, {
+    right: offsets.left + offsets.width,
+    bottom: offsets.top + offsets.height
+  });
+}
+
+/**
+ * Get bounding client rect of given element
+ * @method
+ * @memberof Popper.Utils
+ * @param {HTMLElement} element
+ * @return {Object} client rect
+ */
+function getBoundingClientRect(element) {
+  var rect = {};
+
+  // IE10 10 FIX: Please, don't ask, the element isn't
+  // considered in DOM in some circumstances...
+  // This isn't reproducible in IE10 compatibility mode of IE11
+  if (isIE10$1()) {
+    try {
+      rect = element.getBoundingClientRect();
+      var scrollTop = getScroll(element, 'top');
+      var scrollLeft = getScroll(element, 'left');
+      rect.top += scrollTop;
+      rect.left += scrollLeft;
+      rect.bottom += scrollTop;
+      rect.right += scrollLeft;
+    } catch (err) {}
+  } else {
+    rect = element.getBoundingClientRect();
+  }
+
+  var result = {
+    left: rect.left,
+    top: rect.top,
+    width: rect.right - rect.left,
+    height: rect.bottom - rect.top
+  };
+
+  // subtract scrollbar size from sizes
+  var sizes = element.nodeName === 'HTML' ? getWindowSizes() : {};
+  var width = sizes.width || element.clientWidth || result.right - result.left;
+  var height = sizes.height || element.clientHeight || result.bottom - result.top;
+
+  var horizScrollbar = element.offsetWidth - width;
+  var vertScrollbar = element.offsetHeight - height;
+
+  // if an hypothetical scrollbar is detected, we must be sure it's not a `border`
+  // we make this check conditional for performance reasons
+  if (horizScrollbar || vertScrollbar) {
+    var styles = getStyleComputedProperty(element);
+    horizScrollbar -= getBordersSize(styles, 'x');
+    vertScrollbar -= getBordersSize(styles, 'y');
+
+    result.width -= horizScrollbar;
+    result.height -= vertScrollbar;
+  }
+
+  return getClientRect(result);
+}
+
+function getOffsetRectRelativeToArbitraryNode(children, parent) {
+  var isIE10 = isIE10$1();
+  var isHTML = parent.nodeName === 'HTML';
+  var childrenRect = getBoundingClientRect(children);
+  var parentRect = getBoundingClientRect(parent);
+  var scrollParent = getScrollParent(children);
+
+  var styles = getStyleComputedProperty(parent);
+  var borderTopWidth = parseFloat(styles.borderTopWidth, 10);
+  var borderLeftWidth = parseFloat(styles.borderLeftWidth, 10);
+
+  var offsets = getClientRect({
+    top: childrenRect.top - parentRect.top - borderTopWidth,
+    left: childrenRect.left - parentRect.left - borderLeftWidth,
+    width: childrenRect.width,
+    height: childrenRect.height
+  });
+  offsets.marginTop = 0;
+  offsets.marginLeft = 0;
+
+  // Subtract margins of documentElement in case it's being used as parent
+  // we do this only on HTML because it's the only element that behaves
+  // differently when margins are applied to it. The margins are included in
+  // the box of the documentElement, in the other cases not.
+  if (!isIE10 && isHTML) {
+    var marginTop = parseFloat(styles.marginTop, 10);
+    var marginLeft = parseFloat(styles.marginLeft, 10);
+
+    offsets.top -= borderTopWidth - marginTop;
+    offsets.bottom -= borderTopWidth - marginTop;
+    offsets.left -= borderLeftWidth - marginLeft;
+    offsets.right -= borderLeftWidth - marginLeft;
+
+    // Attach marginTop and marginLeft because in some circumstances we may need them
+    offsets.marginTop = marginTop;
+    offsets.marginLeft = marginLeft;
+  }
+
+  if (isIE10 ? parent.contains(scrollParent) : parent === scrollParent && scrollParent.nodeName !== 'BODY') {
+    offsets = includeScroll(offsets, parent);
+  }
+
+  return offsets;
+}
+
+function getViewportOffsetRectRelativeToArtbitraryNode(element) {
+  var html = element.ownerDocument.documentElement;
+  var relativeOffset = getOffsetRectRelativeToArbitraryNode(element, html);
+  var width = Math.max(html.clientWidth, window.innerWidth || 0);
+  var height = Math.max(html.clientHeight, window.innerHeight || 0);
+
+  var scrollTop = getScroll(html);
+  var scrollLeft = getScroll(html, 'left');
+
+  var offset = {
+    top: scrollTop - relativeOffset.top + relativeOffset.marginTop,
+    left: scrollLeft - relativeOffset.left + relativeOffset.marginLeft,
+    width: width,
+    height: height
+  };
+
+  return getClientRect(offset);
+}
+
+/**
+ * Check if the given element is fixed or is inside a fixed parent
+ * @method
+ * @memberof Popper.Utils
+ * @argument {Element} element
+ * @argument {Element} customContainer
+ * @returns {Boolean} answer to "isFixed?"
+ */
+function isFixed(element) {
+  var nodeName = element.nodeName;
+  if (nodeName === 'BODY' || nodeName === 'HTML') {
+    return false;
+  }
+  if (getStyleComputedProperty(element, 'position') === 'fixed') {
+    return true;
+  }
+  return isFixed(getParentNode(element));
+}
+
+/**
+ * Computed the boundaries limits and return them
+ * @method
+ * @memberof Popper.Utils
+ * @param {HTMLElement} popper
+ * @param {HTMLElement} reference
+ * @param {number} padding
+ * @param {HTMLElement} boundariesElement - Element used to define the boundaries
+ * @returns {Object} Coordinates of the boundaries
+ */
+function getBoundaries(popper, reference, padding, boundariesElement) {
+  // NOTE: 1 DOM access here
+  var boundaries = { top: 0, left: 0 };
+  var offsetParent = findCommonOffsetParent(popper, reference);
+
+  // Handle viewport case
+  if (boundariesElement === 'viewport') {
+    boundaries = getViewportOffsetRectRelativeToArtbitraryNode(offsetParent);
+  } else {
+    // Handle other cases based on DOM element used as boundaries
+    var boundariesNode = void 0;
+    if (boundariesElement === 'scrollParent') {
+      boundariesNode = getScrollParent(getParentNode(reference));
+      if (boundariesNode.nodeName === 'BODY') {
+        boundariesNode = popper.ownerDocument.documentElement;
+      }
+    } else if (boundariesElement === 'window') {
+      boundariesNode = popper.ownerDocument.documentElement;
+    } else {
+      boundariesNode = boundariesElement;
+    }
+
+    var offsets = getOffsetRectRelativeToArbitraryNode(boundariesNode, offsetParent);
+
+    // In case of HTML, we need a different computation
+    if (boundariesNode.nodeName === 'HTML' && !isFixed(offsetParent)) {
+      var _getWindowSizes = getWindowSizes(),
+          height = _getWindowSizes.height,
+          width = _getWindowSizes.width;
+
+      boundaries.top += offsets.top - offsets.marginTop;
+      boundaries.bottom = height + offsets.top;
+      boundaries.left += offsets.left - offsets.marginLeft;
+      boundaries.right = width + offsets.left;
+    } else {
+      // for all the other DOM elements, this one is good
+      boundaries = offsets;
+    }
+  }
+
+  // Add paddings
+  boundaries.left += padding;
+  boundaries.top += padding;
+  boundaries.right -= padding;
+  boundaries.bottom -= padding;
+
+  return boundaries;
+}
+
+function getArea(_ref) {
+  var width = _ref.width,
+      height = _ref.height;
+
+  return width * height;
+}
+
+/**
+ * Utility used to transform the `auto` placement to the placement with more
+ * available space.
+ * @method
+ * @memberof Popper.Utils
+ * @argument {Object} data - The data object generated by update method
+ * @argument {Object} options - Modifiers configuration and options
+ * @returns {Object} The data object, properly modified
+ */
+function computeAutoPlacement(placement, refRect, popper, reference, boundariesElement) {
+  var padding = arguments.length > 5 && arguments[5] !== undefined ? arguments[5] : 0;
+
+  if (placement.indexOf('auto') === -1) {
+    return placement;
+  }
+
+  var boundaries = getBoundaries(popper, reference, padding, boundariesElement);
+
+  var rects = {
+    top: {
+      width: boundaries.width,
+      height: refRect.top - boundaries.top
+    },
+    right: {
+      width: boundaries.right - refRect.right,
+      height: boundaries.height
+    },
+    bottom: {
+      width: boundaries.width,
+      height: boundaries.bottom - refRect.bottom
+    },
+    left: {
+      width: refRect.left - boundaries.left,
+      height: boundaries.height
+    }
+  };
+
+  var sortedAreas = Object.keys(rects).map(function (key) {
+    return _extends$1({
+      key: key
+    }, rects[key], {
+      area: getArea(rects[key])
+    });
+  }).sort(function (a, b) {
+    return b.area - a.area;
+  });
+
+  var filteredAreas = sortedAreas.filter(function (_ref2) {
+    var width = _ref2.width,
+        height = _ref2.height;
+    return width >= popper.clientWidth && height >= popper.clientHeight;
+  });
+
+  var computedPlacement = filteredAreas.length > 0 ? filteredAreas[0].key : sortedAreas[0].key;
+
+  var variation = placement.split('-')[1];
+
+  return computedPlacement + (variation ? '-' + variation : '');
+}
+
+/**
+ * Get offsets to the reference element
+ * @method
+ * @memberof Popper.Utils
+ * @param {Object} state
+ * @param {Element} popper - the popper element
+ * @param {Element} reference - the reference element (the popper will be relative to this)
+ * @returns {Object} An object containing the offsets which will be applied to the popper
+ */
+function getReferenceOffsets(state, popper, reference) {
+  var commonOffsetParent = findCommonOffsetParent(popper, reference);
+  return getOffsetRectRelativeToArbitraryNode(reference, commonOffsetParent);
+}
+
+/**
+ * Get the outer sizes of the given element (offset size + margins)
+ * @method
+ * @memberof Popper.Utils
+ * @argument {Element} element
+ * @returns {Object} object containing width and height properties
+ */
+function getOuterSizes(element) {
+  var styles = getComputedStyle(element);
+  var x = parseFloat(styles.marginTop) + parseFloat(styles.marginBottom);
+  var y = parseFloat(styles.marginLeft) + parseFloat(styles.marginRight);
+  var result = {
+    width: element.offsetWidth + y,
+    height: element.offsetHeight + x
+  };
+  return result;
+}
+
+/**
+ * Get the opposite placement of the given one
+ * @method
+ * @memberof Popper.Utils
+ * @argument {String} placement
+ * @returns {String} flipped placement
+ */
+function getOppositePlacement(placement) {
+  var hash = { left: 'right', right: 'left', bottom: 'top', top: 'bottom' };
+  return placement.replace(/left|right|bottom|top/g, function (matched) {
+    return hash[matched];
+  });
+}
+
+/**
+ * Get offsets to the popper
+ * @method
+ * @memberof Popper.Utils
+ * @param {Object} position - CSS position the Popper will get applied
+ * @param {HTMLElement} popper - the popper element
+ * @param {Object} referenceOffsets - the reference offsets (the popper will be relative to this)
+ * @param {String} placement - one of the valid placement options
+ * @returns {Object} popperOffsets - An object containing the offsets which will be applied to the popper
+ */
+function getPopperOffsets(popper, referenceOffsets, placement) {
+  placement = placement.split('-')[0];
+
+  // Get popper node sizes
+  var popperRect = getOuterSizes(popper);
+
+  // Add position, width and height to our offsets object
+  var popperOffsets = {
+    width: popperRect.width,
+    height: popperRect.height
+  };
+
+  // depending by the popper placement we have to compute its offsets slightly differently
+  var isHoriz = ['right', 'left'].indexOf(placement) !== -1;
+  var mainSide = isHoriz ? 'top' : 'left';
+  var secondarySide = isHoriz ? 'left' : 'top';
+  var measurement = isHoriz ? 'height' : 'width';
+  var secondaryMeasurement = !isHoriz ? 'height' : 'width';
+
+  popperOffsets[mainSide] = referenceOffsets[mainSide] + referenceOffsets[measurement] / 2 - popperRect[measurement] / 2;
+  if (placement === secondarySide) {
+    popperOffsets[secondarySide] = referenceOffsets[secondarySide] - popperRect[secondaryMeasurement];
+  } else {
+    popperOffsets[secondarySide] = referenceOffsets[getOppositePlacement(secondarySide)];
+  }
+
+  return popperOffsets;
+}
+
+/**
+ * Mimics the `find` method of Array
+ * @method
+ * @memberof Popper.Utils
+ * @argument {Array} arr
+ * @argument prop
+ * @argument value
+ * @returns index or -1
+ */
+function find(arr, check) {
+  // use native find if supported
+  if (Array.prototype.find) {
+    return arr.find(check);
+  }
+
+  // use `filter` to obtain the same behavior of `find`
+  return arr.filter(check)[0];
+}
+
+/**
+ * Return the index of the matching object
+ * @method
+ * @memberof Popper.Utils
+ * @argument {Array} arr
+ * @argument prop
+ * @argument value
+ * @returns index or -1
+ */
+function findIndex(arr, prop, value) {
+  // use native findIndex if supported
+  if (Array.prototype.findIndex) {
+    return arr.findIndex(function (cur) {
+      return cur[prop] === value;
+    });
+  }
+
+  // use `find` + `indexOf` if `findIndex` isn't supported
+  var match = find(arr, function (obj) {
+    return obj[prop] === value;
+  });
+  return arr.indexOf(match);
+}
+
+/**
+ * Loop trough the list of modifiers and run them in order,
+ * each of them will then edit the data object.
+ * @method
+ * @memberof Popper.Utils
+ * @param {dataObject} data
+ * @param {Array} modifiers
+ * @param {String} ends - Optional modifier name used as stopper
+ * @returns {dataObject}
+ */
+function runModifiers(modifiers, data, ends) {
+  var modifiersToRun = ends === undefined ? modifiers : modifiers.slice(0, findIndex(modifiers, 'name', ends));
+
+  modifiersToRun.forEach(function (modifier) {
+    if (modifier['function']) {
+      // eslint-disable-line dot-notation
+      console.warn('`modifier.function` is deprecated, use `modifier.fn`!');
+    }
+    var fn = modifier['function'] || modifier.fn; // eslint-disable-line dot-notation
+    if (modifier.enabled && isFunction(fn)) {
+      // Add properties to offsets to make them a complete clientRect object
+      // we do this before each modifier to make sure the previous one doesn't
+      // mess with these values
+      data.offsets.popper = getClientRect(data.offsets.popper);
+      data.offsets.reference = getClientRect(data.offsets.reference);
+
+      data = fn(data, modifier);
+    }
+  });
+
+  return data;
+}
+
+/**
+ * Updates the position of the popper, computing the new offsets and applying
+ * the new style.<br />
+ * Prefer `scheduleUpdate` over `update` because of performance reasons.
+ * @method
+ * @memberof Popper
+ */
+function update() {
+  // if popper is destroyed, don't perform any further update
+  if (this.state.isDestroyed) {
+    return;
+  }
+
+  var data = {
+    instance: this,
+    styles: {},
+    arrowStyles: {},
+    attributes: {},
+    flipped: false,
+    offsets: {}
+  };
+
+  // compute reference element offsets
+  data.offsets.reference = getReferenceOffsets(this.state, this.popper, this.reference);
+
+  // compute auto placement, store placement inside the data object,
+  // modifiers will be able to edit `placement` if needed
+  // and refer to originalPlacement to know the original value
+  data.placement = computeAutoPlacement(this.options.placement, data.offsets.reference, this.popper, this.reference, this.options.modifiers.flip.boundariesElement, this.options.modifiers.flip.padding);
+
+  // store the computed placement inside `originalPlacement`
+  data.originalPlacement = data.placement;
+
+  // compute the popper offsets
+  data.offsets.popper = getPopperOffsets(this.popper, data.offsets.reference, data.placement);
+  data.offsets.popper.position = 'absolute';
+
+  // run the modifiers
+  data = runModifiers(this.modifiers, data);
+
+  // the first `update` will call `onCreate` callback
+  // the other ones will call `onUpdate` callback
+  if (!this.state.isCreated) {
+    this.state.isCreated = true;
+    this.options.onCreate(data);
+  } else {
+    this.options.onUpdate(data);
+  }
+}
+
+/**
+ * Helper used to know if the given modifier is enabled.
+ * @method
+ * @memberof Popper.Utils
+ * @returns {Boolean}
+ */
+function isModifierEnabled(modifiers, modifierName) {
+  return modifiers.some(function (_ref) {
+    var name = _ref.name,
+        enabled = _ref.enabled;
+    return enabled && name === modifierName;
+  });
+}
+
+/**
+ * Get the prefixed supported property name
+ * @method
+ * @memberof Popper.Utils
+ * @argument {String} property (camelCase)
+ * @returns {String} prefixed property (camelCase or PascalCase, depending on the vendor prefix)
+ */
+function getSupportedPropertyName(property) {
+  var prefixes = [false, 'ms', 'Webkit', 'Moz', 'O'];
+  var upperProp = property.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + property.slice(1);
+
+  for (var i = 0; i < prefixes.length - 1; i++) {
+    var prefix = prefixes[i];
+    var toCheck = prefix ? '' + prefix + upperProp : property;
+    if (typeof document.body.style[toCheck] !== 'undefined') {
+      return toCheck;
+    }
+  }
+  return null;
+}
+
+/**
+ * Destroy the popper
+ * @method
+ * @memberof Popper
+ */
+function destroy() {
+  this.state.isDestroyed = true;
+
+  // touch DOM only if `applyStyle` modifier is enabled
+  if (isModifierEnabled(this.modifiers, 'applyStyle')) {
+    this.popper.removeAttribute('x-placement');
+    this.popper.style.left = '';
+    this.popper.style.position = '';
+    this.popper.style.top = '';
+    this.popper.style[getSupportedPropertyName('transform')] = '';
+  }
+
+  this.disableEventListeners();
+
+  // remove the popper if user explicity asked for the deletion on destroy
+  // do not use `remove` because IE11 doesn't support it
+  if (this.options.removeOnDestroy) {
+    this.popper.parentNode.removeChild(this.popper);
+  }
+  return this;
+}
+
+/**
+ * Get the window associated with the element
+ * @argument {Element} element
+ * @returns {Window}
+ */
+function getWindow(element) {
+  var ownerDocument = element.ownerDocument;
+  return ownerDocument ? ownerDocument.defaultView : window;
+}
+
+function attachToScrollParents(scrollParent, event, callback, scrollParents) {
+  var isBody = scrollParent.nodeName === 'BODY';
+  var target = isBody ? scrollParent.ownerDocument.defaultView : scrollParent;
+  target.addEventListener(event, callback, { passive: true });
+
+  if (!isBody) {
+    attachToScrollParents(getScrollParent(target.parentNode), event, callback, scrollParents);
+  }
+  scrollParents.push(target);
+}
+
+/**
+ * Setup needed event listeners used to update the popper position
+ * @method
+ * @memberof Popper.Utils
+ * @private
+ */
+function setupEventListeners(reference, options, state, updateBound) {
+  // Resize event listener on window
+  state.updateBound = updateBound;
+  getWindow(reference).addEventListener('resize', state.updateBound, { passive: true });
+
+  // Scroll event listener on scroll parents
+  var scrollElement = getScrollParent(reference);
+  attachToScrollParents(scrollElement, 'scroll', state.updateBound, state.scrollParents);
+  state.scrollElement = scrollElement;
+  state.eventsEnabled = true;
+
+  return state;
+}
+
+/**
+ * It will add resize/scroll events and start recalculating
+ * position of the popper element when they are triggered.
+ * @method
+ * @memberof Popper
+ */
+function enableEventListeners() {
+  if (!this.state.eventsEnabled) {
+    this.state = setupEventListeners(this.reference, this.options, this.state, this.scheduleUpdate);
+  }
+}
+
+/**
+ * Remove event listeners used to update the popper position
+ * @method
+ * @memberof Popper.Utils
+ * @private
+ */
+function removeEventListeners(reference, state) {
+  // Remove resize event listener on window
+  getWindow(reference).removeEventListener('resize', state.updateBound);
+
+  // Remove scroll event listener on scroll parents
+  state.scrollParents.forEach(function (target) {
+    target.removeEventListener('scroll', state.updateBound);
+  });
+
+  // Reset state
+  state.updateBound = null;
+  state.scrollParents = [];
+  state.scrollElement = null;
+  state.eventsEnabled = false;
+  return state;
+}
+
+/**
+ * It will remove resize/scroll events and won't recalculate popper position
+ * when they are triggered. It also won't trigger onUpdate callback anymore,
+ * unless you call `update` method manually.
+ * @method
+ * @memberof Popper
+ */
+function disableEventListeners() {
+  if (this.state.eventsEnabled) {
+    cancelAnimationFrame(this.scheduleUpdate);
+    this.state = removeEventListeners(this.reference, this.state);
+  }
+}
+
+/**
+ * Tells if a given input is a number
+ * @method
+ * @memberof Popper.Utils
+ * @param {*} input to check
+ * @return {Boolean}
+ */
+function isNumeric(n) {
+  return n !== '' && !isNaN(parseFloat(n)) && isFinite(n);
+}
+
+/**
+ * Set the style to the given popper
+ * @method
+ * @memberof Popper.Utils
+ * @argument {Element} element - Element to apply the style to
+ * @argument {Object} styles
+ * Object with a list of properties and values which will be applied to the element
+ */
+function setStyles(element, styles) {
+  Object.keys(styles).forEach(function (prop) {
+    var unit = '';
+    // add unit if the value is numeric and is one of the following
+    if (['width', 'height', 'top', 'right', 'bottom', 'left'].indexOf(prop) !== -1 && isNumeric(styles[prop])) {
+      unit = 'px';
+    }
+    element.style[prop] = styles[prop] + unit;
+  });
+}
+
+/**
+ * Set the attributes to the given popper
+ * @method
+ * @memberof Popper.Utils
+ * @argument {Element} element - Element to apply the attributes to
+ * @argument {Object} styles
+ * Object with a list of properties and values which will be applied to the element
+ */
+function setAttributes(element, attributes) {
+  Object.keys(attributes).forEach(function (prop) {
+    var value = attributes[prop];
+    if (value !== false) {
+      element.setAttribute(prop, attributes[prop]);
+    } else {
+      element.removeAttribute(prop);
+    }
+  });
+}
+
+/**
+ * @function
+ * @memberof Modifiers
+ * @argument {Object} data - The data object generated by `update` method
+ * @argument {Object} data.styles - List of style properties - values to apply to popper element
+ * @argument {Object} data.attributes - List of attribute properties - values to apply to popper element
+ * @argument {Object} options - Modifiers configuration and options
+ * @returns {Object} The same data object
+ */
+function applyStyle(data) {
+  // any property present in `data.styles` will be applied to the popper,
+  // in this way we can make the 3rd party modifiers add custom styles to it
+  // Be aware, modifiers could override the properties defined in the previous
+  // lines of this modifier!
+  setStyles(data.instance.popper, data.styles);
+
+  // any property present in `data.attributes` will be applied to the popper,
+  // they will be set as HTML attributes of the element
+  setAttributes(data.instance.popper, data.attributes);
+
+  // if arrowElement is defined and arrowStyles has some properties
+  if (data.arrowElement && Object.keys(data.arrowStyles).length) {
+    setStyles(data.arrowElement, data.arrowStyles);
+  }
+
+  return data;
+}
+
+/**
+ * Set the x-placement attribute before everything else because it could be used
+ * to add margins to the popper margins needs to be calculated to get the
+ * correct popper offsets.
+ * @method
+ * @memberof Popper.modifiers
+ * @param {HTMLElement} reference - The reference element used to position the popper
+ * @param {HTMLElement} popper - The HTML element used as popper.
+ * @param {Object} options - Popper.js options
+ */
+function applyStyleOnLoad(reference, popper, options, modifierOptions, state) {
+  // compute reference element offsets
+  var referenceOffsets = getReferenceOffsets(state, popper, reference);
+
+  // compute auto placement, store placement inside the data object,
+  // modifiers will be able to edit `placement` if needed
+  // and refer to originalPlacement to know the original value
+  var placement = computeAutoPlacement(options.placement, referenceOffsets, popper, reference, options.modifiers.flip.boundariesElement, options.modifiers.flip.padding);
+
+  popper.setAttribute('x-placement', placement);
+
+  // Apply `position` to popper before anything else because
+  // without the position applied we can't guarantee correct computations
+  setStyles(popper, { position: 'absolute' });
+
+  return options;
+}
+
+/**
+ * @function
+ * @memberof Modifiers
+ * @argument {Object} data - The data object generated by `update` method
+ * @argument {Object} options - Modifiers configuration and options
+ * @returns {Object} The data object, properly modified
+ */
+function computeStyle(data, options) {
+  var x = options.x,
+      y = options.y;
+  var popper = data.offsets.popper;
+
+  // Remove this legacy support in Popper.js v2
+
+  var legacyGpuAccelerationOption = find(data.instance.modifiers, function (modifier) {
+    return modifier.name === 'applyStyle';
+  }).gpuAcceleration;
+  if (legacyGpuAccelerationOption !== undefined) {
+    console.warn('WARNING: `gpuAcceleration` option moved to `computeStyle` modifier and will not be supported in future versions of Popper.js!');
+  }
+  var gpuAcceleration = legacyGpuAccelerationOption !== undefined ? legacyGpuAccelerationOption : options.gpuAcceleration;
+
+  var offsetParent = getOffsetParent(data.instance.popper);
+  var offsetParentRect = getBoundingClientRect(offsetParent);
+
+  // Styles
+  var styles = {
+    position: popper.position
+  };
+
+  // floor sides to avoid blurry text
+  var offsets = {
+    left: Math.floor(popper.left),
+    top: Math.floor(popper.top),
+    bottom: Math.floor(popper.bottom),
+    right: Math.floor(popper.right)
+  };
+
+  var sideA = x === 'bottom' ? 'top' : 'bottom';
+  var sideB = y === 'right' ? 'left' : 'right';
+
+  // if gpuAcceleration is set to `true` and transform is supported,
+  //  we use `translate3d` to apply the position to the popper we
+  // automatically use the supported prefixed version if needed
+  var prefixedProperty = getSupportedPropertyName('transform');
+
+  // now, let's make a step back and look at this code closely (wtf?)
+  // If the content of the popper grows once it's been positioned, it
+  // may happen that the popper gets misplaced because of the new content
+  // overflowing its reference element
+  // To avoid this problem, we provide two options (x and y), which allow
+  // the consumer to define the offset origin.
+  // If we position a popper on top of a reference element, we can set
+  // `x` to `top` to make the popper grow towards its top instead of
+  // its bottom.
+  var left = void 0,
+      top = void 0;
+  if (sideA === 'bottom') {
+    top = -offsetParentRect.height + offsets.bottom;
+  } else {
+    top = offsets.top;
+  }
+  if (sideB === 'right') {
+    left = -offsetParentRect.width + offsets.right;
+  } else {
+    left = offsets.left;
+  }
+  if (gpuAcceleration && prefixedProperty) {
+    styles[prefixedProperty] = 'translate3d(' + left + 'px, ' + top + 'px, 0)';
+    styles[sideA] = 0;
+    styles[sideB] = 0;
+    styles.willChange = 'transform';
+  } else {
+    // othwerise, we use the standard `top`, `left`, `bottom` and `right` properties
+    var invertTop = sideA === 'bottom' ? -1 : 1;
+    var invertLeft = sideB === 'right' ? -1 : 1;
+    styles[sideA] = top * invertTop;
+    styles[sideB] = left * invertLeft;
+    styles.willChange = sideA + ', ' + sideB;
+  }
+
+  // Attributes
+  var attributes = {
+    'x-placement': data.placement
+  };
+
+  // Update `data` attributes, styles and arrowStyles
+  data.attributes = _extends$1({}, attributes, data.attributes);
+  data.styles = _extends$1({}, styles, data.styles);
+  data.arrowStyles = _extends$1({}, data.offsets.arrow, data.arrowStyles);
+
+  return data;
+}
+
+/**
+ * Helper used to know if the given modifier depends from another one.<br />
+ * It checks if the needed modifier is listed and enabled.
+ * @method
+ * @memberof Popper.Utils
+ * @param {Array} modifiers - list of modifiers
+ * @param {String} requestingName - name of requesting modifier
+ * @param {String} requestedName - name of requested modifier
+ * @returns {Boolean}
+ */
+function isModifierRequired(modifiers, requestingName, requestedName) {
+  var requesting = find(modifiers, function (_ref) {
+    var name = _ref.name;
+    return name === requestingName;
+  });
+
+  var isRequired = !!requesting && modifiers.some(function (modifier) {
+    return modifier.name === requestedName && modifier.enabled && modifier.order < requesting.order;
+  });
+
+  if (!isRequired) {
+    var _requesting = '`' + requestingName + '`';
+    var requested = '`' + requestedName + '`';
+    console.warn(requested + ' modifier is required by ' + _requesting + ' modifier in order to work, be sure to include it before ' + _requesting + '!');
+  }
+  return isRequired;
+}
+
+/**
+ * @function
+ * @memberof Modifiers
+ * @argument {Object} data - The data object generated by update method
+ * @argument {Object} options - Modifiers configuration and options
+ * @returns {Object} The data object, properly modified
+ */
+function arrow(data, options) {
+  var _data$offsets$arrow;
+
+  // arrow depends on keepTogether in order to work
+  if (!isModifierRequired(data.instance.modifiers, 'arrow', 'keepTogether')) {
+    return data;
+  }
+
+  var arrowElement = options.element;
+
+  // if arrowElement is a string, suppose it's a CSS selector
+  if (typeof arrowElement === 'string') {
+    arrowElement = data.instance.popper.querySelector(arrowElement);
+
+    // if arrowElement is not found, don't run the modifier
+    if (!arrowElement) {
+      return data;
+    }
+  } else {
+    // if the arrowElement isn't a query selector we must check that the
+    // provided DOM node is child of its popper node
+    if (!data.instance.popper.contains(arrowElement)) {
+      console.warn('WARNING: `arrow.element` must be child of its popper element!');
+      return data;
+    }
+  }
+
+  var placement = data.placement.split('-')[0];
+  var _data$offsets = data.offsets,
+      popper = _data$offsets.popper,
+      reference = _data$offsets.reference;
+
+  var isVertical = ['left', 'right'].indexOf(placement) !== -1;
+
+  var len = isVertical ? 'height' : 'width';
+  var sideCapitalized = isVertical ? 'Top' : 'Left';
+  var side = sideCapitalized.toLowerCase();
+  var altSide = isVertical ? 'left' : 'top';
+  var opSide = isVertical ? 'bottom' : 'right';
+  var arrowElementSize = getOuterSizes(arrowElement)[len];
+
+  //
+  // extends keepTogether behavior making sure the popper and its
+  // reference have enough pixels in conjuction
+  //
+
+  // top/left side
+  if (reference[opSide] - arrowElementSize < popper[side]) {
+    data.offsets.popper[side] -= popper[side] - (reference[opSide] - arrowElementSize);
+  }
+  // bottom/right side
+  if (reference[side] + arrowElementSize > popper[opSide]) {
+    data.offsets.popper[side] += reference[side] + arrowElementSize - popper[opSide];
+  }
+  data.offsets.popper = getClientRect(data.offsets.popper);
+
+  // compute center of the popper
+  var center = reference[side] + reference[len] / 2 - arrowElementSize / 2;
+
+  // Compute the sideValue using the updated popper offsets
+  // take popper margin in account because we don't have this info available
+  var css = getStyleComputedProperty(data.instance.popper);
+  var popperMarginSide = parseFloat(css['margin' + sideCapitalized], 10);
+  var popperBorderSide = parseFloat(css['border' + sideCapitalized + 'Width'], 10);
+  var sideValue = center - data.offsets.popper[side] - popperMarginSide - popperBorderSide;
+
+  // prevent arrowElement from being placed not contiguously to its popper
+  sideValue = Math.max(Math.min(popper[len] - arrowElementSize, sideValue), 0);
+
+  data.arrowElement = arrowElement;
+  data.offsets.arrow = (_data$offsets$arrow = {}, defineProperty(_data$offsets$arrow, side, Math.round(sideValue)), defineProperty(_data$offsets$arrow, altSide, ''), _data$offsets$arrow);
+
+  return data;
+}
+
+/**
+ * Get the opposite placement variation of the given one
+ * @method
+ * @memberof Popper.Utils
+ * @argument {String} placement variation
+ * @returns {String} flipped placement variation
+ */
+function getOppositeVariation(variation) {
+  if (variation === 'end') {
+    return 'start';
+  } else if (variation === 'start') {
+    return 'end';
+  }
+  return variation;
+}
+
+/**
+ * List of accepted placements to use as values of the `placement` option.<br />
+ * Valid placements are:
+ * - `auto`
+ * - `top`
+ * - `right`
+ * - `bottom`
+ * - `left`
+ *
+ * Each placement can have a variation from this list:
+ * - `-start`
+ * - `-end`
+ *
+ * Variations are interpreted easily if you think of them as the left to right
+ * written languages. Horizontally (`top` and `bottom`), `start` is left and `end`
+ * is right.<br />
+ * Vertically (`left` and `right`), `start` is top and `end` is bottom.
+ *
+ * Some valid examples are:
+ * - `top-end` (on top of reference, right aligned)
+ * - `right-start` (on right of reference, top aligned)
+ * - `bottom` (on bottom, centered)
+ * - `auto-right` (on the side with more space available, alignment depends by placement)
+ *
+ * @static
+ * @type {Array}
+ * @enum {String}
+ * @readonly
+ * @method placements
+ * @memberof Popper
+ */
+var placements = ['auto-start', 'auto', 'auto-end', 'top-start', 'top', 'top-end', 'right-start', 'right', 'right-end', 'bottom-end', 'bottom', 'bottom-start', 'left-end', 'left', 'left-start'];
+
+// Get rid of `auto` `auto-start` and `auto-end`
+var validPlacements = placements.slice(3);
+
+/**
+ * Given an initial placement, returns all the subsequent placements
+ * clockwise (or counter-clockwise).
+ *
+ * @method
+ * @memberof Popper.Utils
+ * @argument {String} placement - A valid placement (it accepts variations)
+ * @argument {Boolean} counter - Set to true to walk the placements counterclockwise
+ * @returns {Array} placements including their variations
+ */
+function clockwise(placement) {
+  var counter = arguments.length > 1 && arguments[1] !== undefined ? arguments[1] : false;
+
+  var index = validPlacements.indexOf(placement);
+  var arr = validPlacements.slice(index + 1).concat(validPlacements.slice(0, index));
+  return counter ? arr.reverse() : arr;
+}
+
+var BEHAVIORS = {
+  FLIP: 'flip',
+  CLOCKWISE: 'clockwise',
+  COUNTERCLOCKWISE: 'counterclockwise'
+};
+
+/**
+ * @function
+ * @memberof Modifiers
+ * @argument {Object} data - The data object generated by update method
+ * @argument {Object} options - Modifiers configuration and options
+ * @returns {Object} The data object, properly modified
+ */
+function flip(data, options) {
+  // if `inner` modifier is enabled, we can't use the `flip` modifier
+  if (isModifierEnabled(data.instance.modifiers, 'inner')) {
+    return data;
+  }
+
+  if (data.flipped && data.placement === data.originalPlacement) {
+    // seems like flip is trying to loop, probably there's not enough space on any of the flippable sides
+    return data;
+  }
+
+  var boundaries = getBoundaries(data.instance.popper, data.instance.reference, options.padding, options.boundariesElement);
+
+  var placement = data.placement.split('-')[0];
+  var placementOpposite = getOppositePlacement(placement);
+  var variation = data.placement.split('-')[1] || '';
+
+  var flipOrder = [];
+
+  switch (options.behavior) {
+    case BEHAVIORS.FLIP:
+      flipOrder = [placement, placementOpposite];
+      break;
+    case BEHAVIORS.CLOCKWISE:
+      flipOrder = clockwise(placement);
+      break;
+    case BEHAVIORS.COUNTERCLOCKWISE:
+      flipOrder = clockwise(placement, true);
+      break;
+    default:
+      flipOrder = options.behavior;
+  }
+
+  flipOrder.forEach(function (step, index) {
+    if (placement !== step || flipOrder.length === index + 1) {
+      return data;
+    }
+
+    placement = data.placement.split('-')[0];
+    placementOpposite = getOppositePlacement(placement);
+
+    var popperOffsets = data.offsets.popper;
+    var refOffsets = data.offsets.reference;
+
+    // using floor because the reference offsets may contain decimals we are not going to consider here
+    var floor = Math.floor;
+    var overlapsRef = placement === 'left' && floor(popperOffsets.right) > floor(refOffsets.left) || placement === 'right' && floor(popperOffsets.left) < floor(refOffsets.right) || placement === 'top' && floor(popperOffsets.bottom) > floor(refOffsets.top) || placement === 'bottom' && floor(popperOffsets.top) < floor(refOffsets.bottom);
+
+    var overflowsLeft = floor(popperOffsets.left) < floor(boundaries.left);
+    var overflowsRight = floor(popperOffsets.right) > floor(boundaries.right);
+    var overflowsTop = floor(popperOffsets.top) < floor(boundaries.top);
+    var overflowsBottom = floor(popperOffsets.bottom) > floor(boundaries.bottom);
+
+    var overflowsBoundaries = placement === 'left' && overflowsLeft || placement === 'right' && overflowsRight || placement === 'top' && overflowsTop || placement === 'bottom' && overflowsBottom;
+
+    // flip the variation if required
+    var isVertical = ['top', 'bottom'].indexOf(placement) !== -1;
+    var flippedVariation = !!options.flipVariations && (isVertical && variation === 'start' && overflowsLeft || isVertical && variation === 'end' && overflowsRight || !isVertical && variation === 'start' && overflowsTop || !isVertical && variation === 'end' && overflowsBottom);
+
+    if (overlapsRef || overflowsBoundaries || flippedVariation) {
+      // this boolean to detect any flip loop
+      data.flipped = true;
+
+      if (overlapsRef || overflowsBoundaries) {
+        placement = flipOrder[index + 1];
+      }
+
+      if (flippedVariation) {
+        variation = getOppositeVariation(variation);
+      }
+
+      data.placement = placement + (variation ? '-' + variation : '');
+
+      // this object contains `position`, we want to preserve it along with
+      // any additional property we may add in the future
+      data.offsets.popper = _extends$1({}, data.offsets.popper, getPopperOffsets(data.instance.popper, data.offsets.reference, data.placement));
+
+      data = runModifiers(data.instance.modifiers, data, 'flip');
+    }
+  });
+  return data;
+}
+
+/**
+ * @function
+ * @memberof Modifiers
+ * @argument {Object} data - The data object generated by update method
+ * @argument {Object} options - Modifiers configuration and options
+ * @returns {Object} The data object, properly modified
+ */
+function keepTogether(data) {
+  var _data$offsets = data.offsets,
+      popper = _data$offsets.popper,
+      reference = _data$offsets.reference;
+
+  var placement = data.placement.split('-')[0];
+  var floor = Math.floor;
+  var isVertical = ['top', 'bottom'].indexOf(placement) !== -1;
+  var side = isVertical ? 'right' : 'bottom';
+  var opSide = isVertical ? 'left' : 'top';
+  var measurement = isVertical ? 'width' : 'height';
+
+  if (popper[side] < floor(reference[opSide])) {
+    data.offsets.popper[opSide] = floor(reference[opSide]) - popper[measurement];
+  }
+  if (popper[opSide] > floor(reference[side])) {
+    data.offsets.popper[opSide] = floor(reference[side]);
+  }
+
+  return data;
+}
+
+/**
+ * Converts a string containing value + unit into a px value number
+ * @function
+ * @memberof {modifiers~offset}
+ * @private
+ * @argument {String} str - Value + unit string
+ * @argument {String} measurement - `height` or `width`
+ * @argument {Object} popperOffsets
+ * @argument {Object} referenceOffsets
+ * @returns {Number|String}
+ * Value in pixels, or original string if no values were extracted
+ */
+function toValue(str, measurement, popperOffsets, referenceOffsets) {
+  // separate value from unit
+  var split = str.match(/((?:\-|\+)?\d*\.?\d*)(.*)/);
+  var value = +split[1];
+  var unit = split[2];
+
+  // If it's not a number it's an operator, I guess
+  if (!value) {
+    return str;
+  }
+
+  if (unit.indexOf('%') === 0) {
+    var element = void 0;
+    switch (unit) {
+      case '%p':
+        element = popperOffsets;
+        break;
+      case '%':
+      case '%r':
+      default:
+        element = referenceOffsets;
+    }
+
+    var rect = getClientRect(element);
+    return rect[measurement] / 100 * value;
+  } else if (unit === 'vh' || unit === 'vw') {
+    // if is a vh or vw, we calculate the size based on the viewport
+    var size = void 0;
+    if (unit === 'vh') {
+      size = Math.max(document.documentElement.clientHeight, window.innerHeight || 0);
+    } else {
+      size = Math.max(document.documentElement.clientWidth, window.innerWidth || 0);
+    }
+    return size / 100 * value;
+  } else {
+    // if is an explicit pixel unit, we get rid of the unit and keep the value
+    // if is an implicit unit, it's px, and we return just the value
+    return value;
+  }
+}
+
+/**
+ * Parse an `offset` string to extrapolate `x` and `y` numeric offsets.
+ * @function
+ * @memberof {modifiers~offset}
+ * @private
+ * @argument {String} offset
+ * @argument {Object} popperOffsets
+ * @argument {Object} referenceOffsets
+ * @argument {String} basePlacement
+ * @returns {Array} a two cells array with x and y offsets in numbers
+ */
+function parseOffset(offset, popperOffsets, referenceOffsets, basePlacement) {
+  var offsets = [0, 0];
+
+  // Use height if placement is left or right and index is 0 otherwise use width
+  // in this way the first offset will use an axis and the second one
+  // will use the other one
+  var useHeight = ['right', 'left'].indexOf(basePlacement) !== -1;
+
+  // Split the offset string to obtain a list of values and operands
+  // The regex addresses values with the plus or minus sign in front (+10, -20, etc)
+  var fragments = offset.split(/(\+|\-)/).map(function (frag) {
+    return frag.trim();
+  });
+
+  // Detect if the offset string contains a pair of values or a single one
+  // they could be separated by comma or space
+  var divider = fragments.indexOf(find(fragments, function (frag) {
+    return frag.search(/,|\s/) !== -1;
+  }));
+
+  if (fragments[divider] && fragments[divider].indexOf(',') === -1) {
+    console.warn('Offsets separated by white space(s) are deprecated, use a comma (,) instead.');
+  }
+
+  // If divider is found, we divide the list of values and operands to divide
+  // them by ofset X and Y.
+  var splitRegex = /\s*,\s*|\s+/;
+  var ops = divider !== -1 ? [fragments.slice(0, divider).concat([fragments[divider].split(splitRegex)[0]]), [fragments[divider].split(splitRegex)[1]].concat(fragments.slice(divider + 1))] : [fragments];
+
+  // Convert the values with units to absolute pixels to allow our computations
+  ops = ops.map(function (op, index) {
+    // Most of the units rely on the orientation of the popper
+    var measurement = (index === 1 ? !useHeight : useHeight) ? 'height' : 'width';
+    var mergeWithPrevious = false;
+    return op
+    // This aggregates any `+` or `-` sign that aren't considered operators
+    // e.g.: 10 + +5 => [10, +, +5]
+    .reduce(function (a, b) {
+      if (a[a.length - 1] === '' && ['+', '-'].indexOf(b) !== -1) {
+        a[a.length - 1] = b;
+        mergeWithPrevious = true;
+        return a;
+      } else if (mergeWithPrevious) {
+        a[a.length - 1] += b;
+        mergeWithPrevious = false;
+        return a;
+      } else {
+        return a.concat(b);
+      }
+    }, [])
+    // Here we convert the string values into number values (in px)
+    .map(function (str) {
+      return toValue(str, measurement, popperOffsets, referenceOffsets);
+    });
+  });
+
+  // Loop trough the offsets arrays and execute the operations
+  ops.forEach(function (op, index) {
+    op.forEach(function (frag, index2) {
+      if (isNumeric(frag)) {
+        offsets[index] += frag * (op[index2 - 1] === '-' ? -1 : 1);
+      }
+    });
+  });
+  return offsets;
+}
+
+/**
+ * @function
+ * @memberof Modifiers
+ * @argument {Object} data - The data object generated by update method
+ * @argument {Object} options - Modifiers configuration and options
+ * @argument {Number|String} options.offset=0
+ * The offset value as described in the modifier description
+ * @returns {Object} The data object, properly modified
+ */
+function offset(data, _ref) {
+  var offset = _ref.offset;
+  var placement = data.placement,
+      _data$offsets = data.offsets,
+      popper = _data$offsets.popper,
+      reference = _data$offsets.reference;
+
+  var basePlacement = placement.split('-')[0];
+
+  var offsets = void 0;
+  if (isNumeric(+offset)) {
+    offsets = [+offset, 0];
+  } else {
+    offsets = parseOffset(offset, popper, reference, basePlacement);
+  }
+
+  if (basePlacement === 'left') {
+    popper.top += offsets[0];
+    popper.left -= offsets[1];
+  } else if (basePlacement === 'right') {
+    popper.top += offsets[0];
+    popper.left += offsets[1];
+  } else if (basePlacement === 'top') {
+    popper.left += offsets[0];
+    popper.top -= offsets[1];
+  } else if (basePlacement === 'bottom') {
+    popper.left += offsets[0];
+    popper.top += offsets[1];
+  }
+
+  data.popper = popper;
+  return data;
+}
+
+/**
+ * @function
+ * @memberof Modifiers
+ * @argument {Object} data - The data object generated by `update` method
+ * @argument {Object} options - Modifiers configuration and options
+ * @returns {Object} The data object, properly modified
+ */
+function preventOverflow(data, options) {
+  var boundariesElement = options.boundariesElement || getOffsetParent(data.instance.popper);
+
+  // If offsetParent is the reference element, we really want to
+  // go one step up and use the next offsetParent as reference to
+  // avoid to make this modifier completely useless and look like broken
+  if (data.instance.reference === boundariesElement) {
+    boundariesElement = getOffsetParent(boundariesElement);
+  }
+
+  var boundaries = getBoundaries(data.instance.popper, data.instance.reference, options.padding, boundariesElement);
+  options.boundaries = boundaries;
+
+  var order = options.priority;
+  var popper = data.offsets.popper;
+
+  var check = {
+    primary: function primary(placement) {
+      var value = popper[placement];
+      if (popper[placement] < boundaries[placement] && !options.escapeWithReference) {
+        value = Math.max(popper[placement], boundaries[placement]);
+      }
+      return defineProperty({}, placement, value);
+    },
+    secondary: function secondary(placement) {
+      var mainSide = placement === 'right' ? 'left' : 'top';
+      var value = popper[mainSide];
+      if (popper[placement] > boundaries[placement] && !options.escapeWithReference) {
+        value = Math.min(popper[mainSide], boundaries[placement] - (placement === 'right' ? popper.width : popper.height));
+      }
+      return defineProperty({}, mainSide, value);
+    }
+  };
+
+  order.forEach(function (placement) {
+    var side = ['left', 'top'].indexOf(placement) !== -1 ? 'primary' : 'secondary';
+    popper = _extends$1({}, popper, check[side](placement));
+  });
+
+  data.offsets.popper = popper;
+
+  return data;
+}
+
+/**
+ * @function
+ * @memberof Modifiers
+ * @argument {Object} data - The data object generated by `update` method
+ * @argument {Object} options - Modifiers configuration and options
+ * @returns {Object} The data object, properly modified
+ */
+function shift(data) {
+  var placement = data.placement;
+  var basePlacement = placement.split('-')[0];
+  var shiftvariation = placement.split('-')[1];
+
+  // if shift shiftvariation is specified, run the modifier
+  if (shiftvariation) {
+    var _data$offsets = data.offsets,
+        reference = _data$offsets.reference,
+        popper = _data$offsets.popper;
+
+    var isVertical = ['bottom', 'top'].indexOf(basePlacement) !== -1;
+    var side = isVertical ? 'left' : 'top';
+    var measurement = isVertical ? 'width' : 'height';
+
+    var shiftOffsets = {
+      start: defineProperty({}, side, reference[side]),
+      end: defineProperty({}, side, reference[side] + reference[measurement] - popper[measurement])
+    };
+
+    data.offsets.popper = _extends$1({}, popper, shiftOffsets[shiftvariation]);
+  }
+
+  return data;
+}
+
+/**
+ * @function
+ * @memberof Modifiers
+ * @argument {Object} data - The data object generated by update method
+ * @argument {Object} options - Modifiers configuration and options
+ * @returns {Object} The data object, properly modified
+ */
+function hide(data) {
+  if (!isModifierRequired(data.instance.modifiers, 'hide', 'preventOverflow')) {
+    return data;
+  }
+
+  var refRect = data.offsets.reference;
+  var bound = find(data.instance.modifiers, function (modifier) {
+    return modifier.name === 'preventOverflow';
+  }).boundaries;
+
+  if (refRect.bottom < bound.top || refRect.left > bound.right || refRect.top > bound.bottom || refRect.right < bound.left) {
+    // Avoid unnecessary DOM access if visibility hasn't changed
+    if (data.hide === true) {
+      return data;
+    }
+
+    data.hide = true;
+    data.attributes['x-out-of-boundaries'] = '';
+  } else {
+    // Avoid unnecessary DOM access if visibility hasn't changed
+    if (data.hide === false) {
+      return data;
+    }
+
+    data.hide = false;
+    data.attributes['x-out-of-boundaries'] = false;
+  }
+
+  return data;
+}
+
+/**
+ * @function
+ * @memberof Modifiers
+ * @argument {Object} data - The data object generated by `update` method
+ * @argument {Object} options - Modifiers configuration and options
+ * @returns {Object} The data object, properly modified
+ */
+function inner(data) {
+  var placement = data.placement;
+  var basePlacement = placement.split('-')[0];
+  var _data$offsets = data.offsets,
+      popper = _data$offsets.popper,
+      reference = _data$offsets.reference;
+
+  var isHoriz = ['left', 'right'].indexOf(basePlacement) !== -1;
+
+  var subtractLength = ['top', 'left'].indexOf(basePlacement) === -1;
+
+  popper[isHoriz ? 'left' : 'top'] = reference[basePlacement] - (subtractLength ? popper[isHoriz ? 'width' : 'height'] : 0);
+
+  data.placement = getOppositePlacement(placement);
+  data.offsets.popper = getClientRect(popper);
+
+  return data;
+}
+
+/**
+ * Modifier function, each modifier can have a function of this type assigned
+ * to its `fn` property.<br />
+ * These functions will be called on each update, this means that you must
+ * make sure they are performant enough to avoid performance bottlenecks.
+ *
+ * @function ModifierFn
+ * @argument {dataObject} data - The data object generated by `update` method
+ * @argument {Object} options - Modifiers configuration and options
+ * @returns {dataObject} The data object, properly modified
+ */
+
+/**
+ * Modifiers are plugins used to alter the behavior of your poppers.<br />
+ * Popper.js uses a set of 9 modifiers to provide all the basic functionalities
+ * needed by the library.
+ *
+ * Usually you don't want to override the `order`, `fn` and `onLoad` props.
+ * All the other properties are configurations that could be tweaked.
+ * @namespace modifiers
+ */
+var modifiers = {
+  /**
+   * Modifier used to shift the popper on the start or end of its reference
+   * element.<br />
+   * It will read the variation of the `placement` property.<br />
+   * It can be one either `-end` or `-start`.
+   * @memberof modifiers
+   * @inner
+   */
+  shift: {
+    /** @prop {number} order=100 - Index used to define the order of execution */
+    order: 100,
+    /** @prop {Boolean} enabled=true - Whether the modifier is enabled or not */
+    enabled: true,
+    /** @prop {ModifierFn} */
+    fn: shift
+  },
+
+  /**
+   * The `offset` modifier can shift your popper on both its axis.
+   *
+   * It accepts the following units:
+   * - `px` or unitless, interpreted as pixels
+   * - `%` or `%r`, percentage relative to the length of the reference element
+   * - `%p`, percentage relative to the length of the popper element
+   * - `vw`, CSS viewport width unit
+   * - `vh`, CSS viewport height unit
+   *
+   * For length is intended the main axis relative to the placement of the popper.<br />
+   * This means that if the placement is `top` or `bottom`, the length will be the
+   * `width`. In case of `left` or `right`, it will be the height.
+   *
+   * You can provide a single value (as `Number` or `String`), or a pair of values
+   * as `String` divided by a comma or one (or more) white spaces.<br />
+   * The latter is a deprecated method because it leads to confusion and will be
+   * removed in v2.<br />
+   * Additionally, it accepts additions and subtractions between different units.
+   * Note that multiplications and divisions aren't supported.
+   *
+   * Valid examples are:
+   * ```
+   * 10
+   * '10%'
+   * '10, 10'
+   * '10%, 10'
+   * '10 + 10%'
+   * '10 - 5vh + 3%'
+   * '-10px + 5vh, 5px - 6%'
+   * ```
+   * > **NB**: If you desire to apply offsets to your poppers in a way that may make them overlap
+   * > with their reference element, unfortunately, you will have to disable the `flip` modifier.
+   * > More on this [reading this issue](https://github.com/FezVrasta/popper.js/issues/373)
+   *
+   * @memberof modifiers
+   * @inner
+   */
+  offset: {
+    /** @prop {number} order=200 - Index used to define the order of execution */
+    order: 200,
+    /** @prop {Boolean} enabled=true - Whether the modifier is enabled or not */
+    enabled: true,
+    /** @prop {ModifierFn} */
+    fn: offset,
+    /** @prop {Number|String} offset=0
+     * The offset value as described in the modifier description
+     */
+    offset: 0
+  },
+
+  /**
+   * Modifier used to prevent the popper from being positioned outside the boundary.
+   *
+   * An scenario exists where the reference itself is not within the boundaries.<br />
+   * We can say it has "escaped the boundaries" — or just "escaped".<br />
+   * In this case we need to decide whether the popper should either:
+   *
+   * - detach from the reference and remain "trapped" in the boundaries, or
+   * - if it should ignore the boundary and "escape with its reference"
+   *
+   * When `escapeWithReference` is set to`true` and reference is completely
+   * outside its boundaries, the popper will overflow (or completely leave)
+   * the boundaries in order to remain attached to the edge of the reference.
+   *
+   * @memberof modifiers
+   * @inner
+   */
+  preventOverflow: {
+    /** @prop {number} order=300 - Index used to define the order of execution */
+    order: 300,
+    /** @prop {Boolean} enabled=true - Whether the modifier is enabled or not */
+    enabled: true,
+    /** @prop {ModifierFn} */
+    fn: preventOverflow,
+    /**
+     * @prop {Array} [priority=['left','right','top','bottom']]
+     * Popper will try to prevent overflow following these priorities by default,
+     * then, it could overflow on the left and on top of the `boundariesElement`
+     */
+    priority: ['left', 'right', 'top', 'bottom'],
+    /**
+     * @prop {number} padding=5
+     * Amount of pixel used to define a minimum distance between the boundaries
+     * and the popper this makes sure the popper has always a little padding
+     * between the edges of its container
+     */
+    padding: 5,
+    /**
+     * @prop {String|HTMLElement} boundariesElement='scrollParent'
+     * Boundaries used by the modifier, can be `scrollParent`, `window`,
+     * `viewport` or any DOM element.
+     */
+    boundariesElement: 'scrollParent'
+  },
+
+  /**
+   * Modifier used to make sure the reference and its popper stay near eachothers
+   * without leaving any gap between the two. Expecially useful when the arrow is
+   * enabled and you want to assure it to point to its reference element.
+   * It cares only about the first axis, you can still have poppers with margin
+   * between the popper and its reference element.
+   * @memberof modifiers
+   * @inner
+   */
+  keepTogether: {
+    /** @prop {number} order=400 - Index used to define the order of execution */
+    order: 400,
+    /** @prop {Boolean} enabled=true - Whether the modifier is enabled or not */
+    enabled: true,
+    /** @prop {ModifierFn} */
+    fn: keepTogether
+  },
+
+  /**
+   * This modifier is used to move the `arrowElement` of the popper to make
+   * sure it is positioned between the reference element and its popper element.
+   * It will read the outer size of the `arrowElement` node to detect how many
+   * pixels of conjuction are needed.
+   *
+   * It has no effect if no `arrowElement` is provided.
+   * @memberof modifiers
+   * @inner
+   */
+  arrow: {
+    /** @prop {number} order=500 - Index used to define the order of execution */
+    order: 500,
+    /** @prop {Boolean} enabled=true - Whether the modifier is enabled or not */
+    enabled: true,
+    /** @prop {ModifierFn} */
+    fn: arrow,
+    /** @prop {String|HTMLElement} element='[x-arrow]' - Selector or node used as arrow */
+    element: '[x-arrow]'
+  },
+
+  /**
+   * Modifier used to flip the popper's placement when it starts to overlap its
+   * reference element.
+   *
+   * Requires the `preventOverflow` modifier before it in order to work.
+   *
+   * **NOTE:** this modifier will interrupt the current update cycle and will
+   * restart it if it detects the need to flip the placement.
+   * @memberof modifiers
+   * @inner
+   */
+  flip: {
+    /** @prop {number} order=600 - Index used to define the order of execution */
+    order: 600,
+    /** @prop {Boolean} enabled=true - Whether the modifier is enabled or not */
+    enabled: true,
+    /** @prop {ModifierFn} */
+    fn: flip,
+    /**
+     * @prop {String|Array} behavior='flip'
+     * The behavior used to change the popper's placement. It can be one of
+     * `flip`, `clockwise`, `counterclockwise` or an array with a list of valid
+     * placements (with optional variations).
+     */
+    behavior: 'flip',
+    /**
+     * @prop {number} padding=5
+     * The popper will flip if it hits the edges of the `boundariesElement`
+     */
+    padding: 5,
+    /**
+     * @prop {String|HTMLElement} boundariesElement='viewport'
+     * The element which will define the boundaries of the popper position,
+     * the popper will never be placed outside of the defined boundaries
+     * (except if keepTogether is enabled)
+     */
+    boundariesElement: 'viewport'
+  },
+
+  /**
+   * Modifier used to make the popper flow toward the inner of the reference element.
+   * By default, when this modifier is disabled, the popper will be placed outside
+   * the reference element.
+   * @memberof modifiers
+   * @inner
+   */
+  inner: {
+    /** @prop {number} order=700 - Index used to define the order of execution */
+    order: 700,
+    /** @prop {Boolean} enabled=false - Whether the modifier is enabled or not */
+    enabled: false,
+    /** @prop {ModifierFn} */
+    fn: inner
+  },
+
+  /**
+   * Modifier used to hide the popper when its reference element is outside of the
+   * popper boundaries. It will set a `x-out-of-boundaries` attribute which can
+   * be used to hide with a CSS selector the popper when its reference is
+   * out of boundaries.
+   *
+   * Requires the `preventOverflow` modifier before it in order to work.
+   * @memberof modifiers
+   * @inner
+   */
+  hide: {
+    /** @prop {number} order=800 - Index used to define the order of execution */
+    order: 800,
+    /** @prop {Boolean} enabled=true - Whether the modifier is enabled or not */
+    enabled: true,
+    /** @prop {ModifierFn} */
+    fn: hide
+  },
+
+  /**
+   * Computes the style that will be applied to the popper element to gets
+   * properly positioned.
+   *
+   * Note that this modifier will not touch the DOM, it just prepares the styles
+   * so that `applyStyle` modifier can apply it. This separation is useful
+   * in case you need to replace `applyStyle` with a custom implementation.
+   *
+   * This modifier has `850` as `order` value to maintain backward compatibility
+   * with previous versions of Popper.js. Expect the modifiers ordering method
+   * to change in future major versions of the library.
+   *
+   * @memberof modifiers
+   * @inner
+   */
+  computeStyle: {
+    /** @prop {number} order=850 - Index used to define the order of execution */
+    order: 850,
+    /** @prop {Boolean} enabled=true - Whether the modifier is enabled or not */
+    enabled: true,
+    /** @prop {ModifierFn} */
+    fn: computeStyle,
+    /**
+     * @prop {Boolean} gpuAcceleration=true
+     * If true, it uses the CSS 3d transformation to position the popper.
+     * Otherwise, it will use the `top` and `left` properties.
+     */
+    gpuAcceleration: true,
+    /**
+     * @prop {string} [x='bottom']
+     * Where to anchor the X axis (`bottom` or `top`). AKA X offset origin.
+     * Change this if your popper should grow in a direction different from `bottom`
+     */
+    x: 'bottom',
+    /**
+     * @prop {string} [x='left']
+     * Where to anchor the Y axis (`left` or `right`). AKA Y offset origin.
+     * Change this if your popper should grow in a direction different from `right`
+     */
+    y: 'right'
+  },
+
+  /**
+   * Applies the computed styles to the popper element.
+   *
+   * All the DOM manipulations are limited to this modifier. This is useful in case
+   * you want to integrate Popper.js inside a framework or view library and you
+   * want to delegate all the DOM manipulations to it.
+   *
+   * Note that if you disable this modifier, you must make sure the popper element
+   * has its position set to `absolute` before Popper.js can do its work!
+   *
+   * Just disable this modifier and define you own to achieve the desired effect.
+   *
+   * @memberof modifiers
+   * @inner
+   */
+  applyStyle: {
+    /** @prop {number} order=900 - Index used to define the order of execution */
+    order: 900,
+    /** @prop {Boolean} enabled=true - Whether the modifier is enabled or not */
+    enabled: true,
+    /** @prop {ModifierFn} */
+    fn: applyStyle,
+    /** @prop {Function} */
+    onLoad: applyStyleOnLoad,
+    /**
+     * @deprecated since version 1.10.0, the property moved to `computeStyle` modifier
+     * @prop {Boolean} gpuAcceleration=true
+     * If true, it uses the CSS 3d transformation to position the popper.
+     * Otherwise, it will use the `top` and `left` properties.
+     */
+    gpuAcceleration: undefined
+  }
+};
+
+/**
+ * The `dataObject` is an object containing all the informations used by Popper.js
+ * this object get passed to modifiers and to the `onCreate` and `onUpdate` callbacks.
+ * @name dataObject
+ * @property {Object} data.instance The Popper.js instance
+ * @property {String} data.placement Placement applied to popper
+ * @property {String} data.originalPlacement Placement originally defined on init
+ * @property {Boolean} data.flipped True if popper has been flipped by flip modifier
+ * @property {Boolean} data.hide True if the reference element is out of boundaries, useful to know when to hide the popper.
+ * @property {HTMLElement} data.arrowElement Node used as arrow by arrow modifier
+ * @property {Object} data.styles Any CSS property defined here will be applied to the popper, it expects the JavaScript nomenclature (eg. `marginBottom`)
+ * @property {Object} data.arrowStyles Any CSS property defined here will be applied to the popper arrow, it expects the JavaScript nomenclature (eg. `marginBottom`)
+ * @property {Object} data.boundaries Offsets of the popper boundaries
+ * @property {Object} data.offsets The measurements of popper, reference and arrow elements.
+ * @property {Object} data.offsets.popper `top`, `left`, `width`, `height` values
+ * @property {Object} data.offsets.reference `top`, `left`, `width`, `height` values
+ * @property {Object} data.offsets.arrow] `top` and `left` offsets, only one of them will be different from 0
+ */
+
+/**
+ * Default options provided to Popper.js constructor.<br />
+ * These can be overriden using the `options` argument of Popper.js.<br />
+ * To override an option, simply pass as 3rd argument an object with the same
+ * structure of this object, example:
+ * ```
+ * new Popper(ref, pop, {
+ *   modifiers: {
+ *     preventOverflow: { enabled: false }
+ *   }
+ * })
+ * ```
+ * @type {Object}
+ * @static
+ * @memberof Popper
+ */
+var Defaults = {
+  /**
+   * Popper's placement
+   * @prop {Popper.placements} placement='bottom'
+   */
+  placement: 'bottom',
+
+  /**
+   * Whether events (resize, scroll) are initially enabled
+   * @prop {Boolean} eventsEnabled=true
+   */
+  eventsEnabled: true,
+
+  /**
+   * Set to true if you want to automatically remove the popper when
+   * you call the `destroy` method.
+   * @prop {Boolean} removeOnDestroy=false
+   */
+  removeOnDestroy: false,
+
+  /**
+   * Callback called when the popper is created.<br />
+   * By default, is set to no-op.<br />
+   * Access Popper.js instance with `data.instance`.
+   * @prop {onCreate}
+   */
+  onCreate: function onCreate() {},
+
+  /**
+   * Callback called when the popper is updated, this callback is not called
+   * on the initialization/creation of the popper, but only on subsequent
+   * updates.<br />
+   * By default, is set to no-op.<br />
+   * Access Popper.js instance with `data.instance`.
+   * @prop {onUpdate}
+   */
+  onUpdate: function onUpdate() {},
+
+  /**
+   * List of modifiers used to modify the offsets before they are applied to the popper.
+   * They provide most of the functionalities of Popper.js
+   * @prop {modifiers}
+   */
+  modifiers: modifiers
+};
+
+/**
+ * @callback onCreate
+ * @param {dataObject} data
+ */
+
+/**
+ * @callback onUpdate
+ * @param {dataObject} data
+ */
+
+// Utils
+// Methods
+var Popper = function () {
+  /**
+   * Create a new Popper.js instance
+   * @class Popper
+   * @param {HTMLElement|referenceObject} reference - The reference element used to position the popper
+   * @param {HTMLElement} popper - The HTML element used as popper.
+   * @param {Object} options - Your custom options to override the ones defined in [Defaults](#defaults)
+   * @return {Object} instance - The generated Popper.js instance
+   */
+  function Popper(reference, popper) {
+    var _this = this;
+
+    var options = arguments.length > 2 && arguments[2] !== undefined ? arguments[2] : {};
+    classCallCheck(this, Popper);
+
+    this.scheduleUpdate = function () {
+      return requestAnimationFrame(_this.update);
+    };
+
+    // make update() debounced, so that it only runs at most once-per-tick
+    this.update = debounce(this.update.bind(this));
+
+    // with {} we create a new object with the options inside it
+    this.options = _extends$1({}, Popper.Defaults, options);
+
+    // init state
+    this.state = {
+      isDestroyed: false,
+      isCreated: false,
+      scrollParents: []
+    };
+
+    // get reference and popper elements (allow jQuery wrappers)
+    this.reference = reference && reference.jquery ? reference[0] : reference;
+    this.popper = popper && popper.jquery ? popper[0] : popper;
+
+    // Deep merge modifiers options
+    this.options.modifiers = {};
+    Object.keys(_extends$1({}, Popper.Defaults.modifiers, options.modifiers)).forEach(function (name) {
+      _this.options.modifiers[name] = _extends$1({}, Popper.Defaults.modifiers[name] || {}, options.modifiers ? options.modifiers[name] : {});
+    });
+
+    // Refactoring modifiers' list (Object => Array)
+    this.modifiers = Object.keys(this.options.modifiers).map(function (name) {
+      return _extends$1({
+        name: name
+      }, _this.options.modifiers[name]);
+    })
+    // sort the modifiers by order
+    .sort(function (a, b) {
+      return a.order - b.order;
+    });
+
+    // modifiers have the ability to execute arbitrary code when Popper.js get inited
+    // such code is executed in the same order of its modifier
+    // they could add new properties to their options configuration
+    // BE AWARE: don't add options to `options.modifiers.name` but to `modifierOptions`!
+    this.modifiers.forEach(function (modifierOptions) {
+      if (modifierOptions.enabled && isFunction(modifierOptions.onLoad)) {
+        modifierOptions.onLoad(_this.reference, _this.popper, _this.options, modifierOptions, _this.state);
+      }
+    });
+
+    // fire the first update to position the popper in the right place
+    this.update();
+
+    var eventsEnabled = this.options.eventsEnabled;
+    if (eventsEnabled) {
+      // setup event listeners, they will take care of update the position in specific situations
+      this.enableEventListeners();
+    }
+
+    this.state.eventsEnabled = eventsEnabled;
+  }
+
+  // We can't use class properties because they don't get listed in the
+  // class prototype and break stuff like Sinon stubs
+
+
+  createClass(Popper, [{
+    key: 'update',
+    value: function update$$1() {
+      return update.call(this);
+    }
+  }, {
+    key: 'destroy',
+    value: function destroy$$1() {
+      return destroy.call(this);
+    }
+  }, {
+    key: 'enableEventListeners',
+    value: function enableEventListeners$$1() {
+      return enableEventListeners.call(this);
+    }
+  }, {
+    key: 'disableEventListeners',
+    value: function disableEventListeners$$1() {
+      return disableEventListeners.call(this);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Schedule an update, it will run on the next UI update available
+     * @method scheduleUpdate
+     * @memberof Popper
+     */
+
+
+    /**
+     * Collection of utilities useful when writing custom modifiers.
+     * Starting from version 1.7, this method is available only if you
+     * include `popper-utils.js` before `popper.js`.
+     *
+     * **DEPRECATION**: This way to access PopperUtils is deprecated
+     * and will be removed in v2! Use the PopperUtils module directly instead.
+     * Due to the high instability of the methods contained in Utils, we can't
+     * guarantee them to follow semver. Use them at your own risk!
+     * @static
+     * @private
+     * @type {Object}
+     * @deprecated since version 1.8
+     * @member Utils
+     * @memberof Popper
+     */
+
+  }]);
+  return Popper;
+}();
+
+/**
+ * The `referenceObject` is an object that provides an interface compatible with Popper.js
+ * and lets you use it as replacement of a real DOM node.<br />
+ * You can use this method to position a popper relatively to a set of coordinates
+ * in case you don't have a DOM node to use as reference.
+ *
+ * ```
+ * new Popper(referenceObject, popperNode);
+ * ```
+ *
+ * NB: This feature isn't supported in Internet Explorer 10
+ * @name referenceObject
+ * @property {Function} data.getBoundingClientRect
+ * A function that returns a set of coordinates compatible with the native `getBoundingClientRect` method.
+ * @property {number} data.clientWidth
+ * An ES6 getter that will return the width of the virtual reference element.
+ * @property {number} data.clientHeight
+ * An ES6 getter that will return the height of the virtual reference element.
+ */
+
+
+Popper.Utils = (typeof window !== 'undefined' ? window : global).PopperUtils;
+Popper.placements = placements;
+Popper.Defaults = Defaults;
+
+/**
+ * --------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ * Bootstrap (v4.0.0): dropdown.js
+ * Licensed under MIT (https://github.com/twbs/bootstrap/blob/master/LICENSE)
+ * --------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ */
+
+var Dropdown = function ($$$1) {
+  /**
+   * ------------------------------------------------------------------------
+   * Constants
+   * ------------------------------------------------------------------------
+   */
+  var NAME = 'dropdown';
+  var VERSION = '4.0.0';
+  var DATA_KEY = 'bs.dropdown';
+  var EVENT_KEY = "." + DATA_KEY;
+  var DATA_API_KEY = '.data-api';
+  var JQUERY_NO_CONFLICT = $$$1.fn[NAME];
+  var ESCAPE_KEYCODE = 27; // KeyboardEvent.which value for Escape (Esc) key
+
+  var SPACE_KEYCODE = 32; // KeyboardEvent.which value for space key
+
+  var TAB_KEYCODE = 9; // KeyboardEvent.which value for tab key
+
+  var ARROW_UP_KEYCODE = 38; // KeyboardEvent.which value for up arrow key
+
+  var ARROW_DOWN_KEYCODE = 40; // KeyboardEvent.which value for down arrow key
+
+  var RIGHT_MOUSE_BUTTON_WHICH = 3; // MouseEvent.which value for the right button (assuming a right-handed mouse)
+
+  var REGEXP_KEYDOWN = new RegExp(ARROW_UP_KEYCODE + "|" + ARROW_DOWN_KEYCODE + "|" + ESCAPE_KEYCODE);
+  var Event = {
+    HIDE: "hide" + EVENT_KEY,
+    HIDDEN: "hidden" + EVENT_KEY,
+    SHOW: "show" + EVENT_KEY,
+    SHOWN: "shown" + EVENT_KEY,
+    CLICK: "click" + EVENT_KEY,
+    CLICK_DATA_API: "click" + EVENT_KEY + DATA_API_KEY,
+    KEYDOWN_DATA_API: "keydown" + EVENT_KEY + DATA_API_KEY,
+    KEYUP_DATA_API: "keyup" + EVENT_KEY + DATA_API_KEY
+  };
+  var ClassName = {
+    DISABLED: 'disabled',
+    SHOW: 'show',
+    DROPUP: 'dropup',
+    DROPRIGHT: 'dropright',
+    DROPLEFT: 'dropleft',
+    MENURIGHT: 'dropdown-menu-right',
+    MENULEFT: 'dropdown-menu-left',
+    POSITION_STATIC: 'position-static'
+  };
+  var Selector = {
+    DATA_TOGGLE: '[data-toggle="dropdown"]',
+    FORM_CHILD: '.dropdown form',
+    MENU: '.dropdown-menu',
+    NAVBAR_NAV: '.navbar-nav',
+    VISIBLE_ITEMS: '.dropdown-menu .dropdown-item:not(.disabled)'
+  };
+  var AttachmentMap = {
+    TOP: 'top-start',
+    TOPEND: 'top-end',
+    BOTTOM: 'bottom-start',
+    BOTTOMEND: 'bottom-end',
+    RIGHT: 'right-start',
+    RIGHTEND: 'right-end',
+    LEFT: 'left-start',
+    LEFTEND: 'left-end'
+  };
+  var Default = {
+    offset: 0,
+    flip: true,
+    boundary: 'scrollParent'
+  };
+  var DefaultType = {
+    offset: '(number|string|function)',
+    flip: 'boolean',
+    boundary: '(string|element)'
+    /**
+     * ------------------------------------------------------------------------
+     * Class Definition
+     * ------------------------------------------------------------------------
+     */
+
+  };
+
+  var Dropdown =
+  /*#__PURE__*/
+  function () {
+    function Dropdown(element, config) {
+      this._element = element;
+      this._popper = null;
+      this._config = this._getConfig(config);
+      this._menu = this._getMenuElement();
+      this._inNavbar = this._detectNavbar();
+
+      this._addEventListeners();
+    } // Getters
+
+
+    var _proto = Dropdown.prototype;
+
+    // Public
+    _proto.toggle = function toggle() {
+      if (this._element.disabled || $$$1(this._element).hasClass(ClassName.DISABLED)) {
+        return;
+      }
+
+      var parent = Dropdown._getParentFromElement(this._element);
+
+      var isActive = $$$1(this._menu).hasClass(ClassName.SHOW);
+
+      Dropdown._clearMenus();
+
+      if (isActive) {
+        return;
+      }
+
+      var relatedTarget = {
+        relatedTarget: this._element
+      };
+      var showEvent = $$$1.Event(Event.SHOW, relatedTarget);
+      $$$1(parent).trigger(showEvent);
+
+      if (showEvent.isDefaultPrevented()) {
+        return;
+      } // Disable totally Popper.js for Dropdown in Navbar
+
+
+      if (!this._inNavbar) {
+        /**
+         * Check for Popper dependency
+         * Popper - https://popper.js.org
+         */
+        if (typeof Popper === 'undefined') {
+          throw new TypeError('Bootstrap dropdown require Popper.js (https://popper.js.org)');
+        }
+
+        var element = this._element; // For dropup with alignment we use the parent as popper container
+
+        if ($$$1(parent).hasClass(ClassName.DROPUP)) {
+          if ($$$1(this._menu).hasClass(ClassName.MENULEFT) || $$$1(this._menu).hasClass(ClassName.MENURIGHT)) {
+            element = parent;
+          }
+        } // If boundary is not `scrollParent`, then set position to `static`
+        // to allow the menu to "escape" the scroll parent's boundaries
+        // https://github.com/twbs/bootstrap/issues/24251
+
+
+        if (this._config.boundary !== 'scrollParent') {
+          $$$1(parent).addClass(ClassName.POSITION_STATIC);
+        }
+
+        this._popper = new Popper(element, this._menu, this._getPopperConfig());
+      } // If this is a touch-enabled device we add extra
+      // empty mouseover listeners to the body's immediate children;
+      // only needed because of broken event delegation on iOS
+      // https://www.quirksmode.org/blog/archives/2014/02/mouse_event_bub.html
+
+
+      if ('ontouchstart' in document.documentElement && $$$1(parent).closest(Selector.NAVBAR_NAV).length === 0) {
+        $$$1('body').children().on('mouseover', null, $$$1.noop);
+      }
+
+      this._element.focus();
+
+      this._element.setAttribute('aria-expanded', true);
+
+      $$$1(this._menu).toggleClass(ClassName.SHOW);
+      $$$1(parent).toggleClass(ClassName.SHOW).trigger($$$1.Event(Event.SHOWN, relatedTarget));
+    };
+
+    _proto.dispose = function dispose() {
+      $$$1.removeData(this._element, DATA_KEY);
+      $$$1(this._element).off(EVENT_KEY);
+      this._element = null;
+      this._menu = null;
+
+      if (this._popper !== null) {
+        this._popper.destroy();
+
+        this._popper = null;
+      }
+    };
+
+    _proto.update = function update() {
+      this._inNavbar = this._detectNavbar();
+
+      if (this._popper !== null) {
+        this._popper.scheduleUpdate();
+      }
+    }; // Private
+
+
+    _proto._addEventListeners = function _addEventListeners() {
+      var _this = this;
+
+      $$$1(this._element).on(Event.CLICK, function (event) {
+        event.preventDefault();
+        event.stopPropagation();
+
+        _this.toggle();
+      });
+    };
+
+    _proto._getConfig = function _getConfig(config) {
+      config = _extends({}, this.constructor.Default, $$$1(this._element).data(), config);
+      Util.typeCheckConfig(NAME, config, this.constructor.DefaultType);
+      return config;
+    };
+
+    _proto._getMenuElement = function _getMenuElement() {
+      if (!this._menu) {
+        var parent = Dropdown._getParentFromElement(this._element);
+
+        this._menu = $$$1(parent).find(Selector.MENU)[0];
+      }
+
+      return this._menu;
+    };
+
+    _proto._getPlacement = function _getPlacement() {
+      var $parentDropdown = $$$1(this._element).parent();
+      var placement = AttachmentMap.BOTTOM; // Handle dropup
+
+      if ($parentDropdown.hasClass(ClassName.DROPUP)) {
+        placement = AttachmentMap.TOP;
+
+        if ($$$1(this._menu).hasClass(ClassName.MENURIGHT)) {
+          placement = AttachmentMap.TOPEND;
+        }
+      } else if ($parentDropdown.hasClass(ClassName.DROPRIGHT)) {
+        placement = AttachmentMap.RIGHT;
+      } else if ($parentDropdown.hasClass(ClassName.DROPLEFT)) {
+        placement = AttachmentMap.LEFT;
+      } else if ($$$1(this._menu).hasClass(ClassName.MENURIGHT)) {
+        placement = AttachmentMap.BOTTOMEND;
+      }
+
+      return placement;
+    };
+
+    _proto._detectNavbar = function _detectNavbar() {
+      return $$$1(this._element).closest('.navbar').length > 0;
+    };
+
+    _proto._getPopperConfig = function _getPopperConfig() {
+      var _this2 = this;
+
+      var offsetConf = {};
+
+      if (typeof this._config.offset === 'function') {
+        offsetConf.fn = function (data) {
+          data.offsets = _extends({}, data.offsets, _this2._config.offset(data.offsets) || {});
+          return data;
+        };
+      } else {
+        offsetConf.offset = this._config.offset;
+      }
+
+      var popperConfig = {
+        placement: this._getPlacement(),
+        modifiers: {
+          offset: offsetConf,
+          flip: {
+            enabled: this._config.flip
+          },
+          preventOverflow: {
+            boundariesElement: this._config.boundary
+          }
+        }
+      };
+      return popperConfig;
+    }; // Static
+
+
+    Dropdown._jQueryInterface = function _jQueryInterface(config) {
+      return this.each(function () {
+        var data = $$$1(this).data(DATA_KEY);
+
+        var _config = typeof config === 'object' ? config : null;
+
+        if (!data) {
+          data = new Dropdown(this, _config);
+          $$$1(this).data(DATA_KEY, data);
+        }
+
+        if (typeof config === 'string') {
+          if (typeof data[config] === 'undefined') {
+            throw new TypeError("No method named \"" + config + "\"");
+          }
+
+          data[config]();
+        }
+      });
+    };
+
+    Dropdown._clearMenus = function _clearMenus(event) {
+      if (event && (event.which === RIGHT_MOUSE_BUTTON_WHICH || event.type === 'keyup' && event.which !== TAB_KEYCODE)) {
+        return;
+      }
+
+      var toggles = $$$1.makeArray($$$1(Selector.DATA_TOGGLE));
+
+      for (var i = 0; i < toggles.length; i++) {
+        var parent = Dropdown._getParentFromElement(toggles[i]);
+
+        var context = $$$1(toggles[i]).data(DATA_KEY);
+        var relatedTarget = {
+          relatedTarget: toggles[i]
+        };
+
+        if (!context) {
+          continue;
+        }
+
+        var dropdownMenu = context._menu;
+
+        if (!$$$1(parent).hasClass(ClassName.SHOW)) {
+          continue;
+        }
+
+        if (event && (event.type === 'click' && /input|textarea/i.test(event.target.tagName) || event.type === 'keyup' && event.which === TAB_KEYCODE) && $$$1.contains(parent, event.target)) {
+          continue;
+        }
+
+        var hideEvent = $$$1.Event(Event.HIDE, relatedTarget);
+        $$$1(parent).trigger(hideEvent);
+
+        if (hideEvent.isDefaultPrevented()) {
+          continue;
+        } // If this is a touch-enabled device we remove the extra
+        // empty mouseover listeners we added for iOS support
+
+
+        if ('ontouchstart' in document.documentElement) {
+          $$$1('body').children().off('mouseover', null, $$$1.noop);
+        }
+
+        toggles[i].setAttribute('aria-expanded', 'false');
+        $$$1(dropdownMenu).removeClass(ClassName.SHOW);
+        $$$1(parent).removeClass(ClassName.SHOW).trigger($$$1.Event(Event.HIDDEN, relatedTarget));
+      }
+    };
+
+    Dropdown._getParentFromElement = function _getParentFromElement(element) {
+      var parent;
+      var selector = Util.getSelectorFromElement(element);
+
+      if (selector) {
+        parent = $$$1(selector)[0];
+      }
+
+      return parent || element.parentNode;
+    }; // eslint-disable-next-line complexity
+
+
+    Dropdown._dataApiKeydownHandler = function _dataApiKeydownHandler(event) {
+      // If not input/textarea:
+      //  - And not a key in REGEXP_KEYDOWN => not a dropdown command
+      // If input/textarea:
+      //  - If space key => not a dropdown command
+      //  - If key is other than escape
+      //    - If key is not up or down => not a dropdown command
+      //    - If trigger inside the menu => not a dropdown command
+      if (/input|textarea/i.test(event.target.tagName) ? event.which === SPACE_KEYCODE || event.which !== ESCAPE_KEYCODE && (event.which !== ARROW_DOWN_KEYCODE && event.which !== ARROW_UP_KEYCODE || $$$1(event.target).closest(Selector.MENU).length) : !REGEXP_KEYDOWN.test(event.which)) {
+        return;
+      }
+
+      event.preventDefault();
+      event.stopPropagation();
+
+      if (this.disabled || $$$1(this).hasClass(ClassName.DISABLED)) {
+        return;
+      }
+
+      var parent = Dropdown._getParentFromElement(this);
+
+      var isActive = $$$1(parent).hasClass(ClassName.SHOW);
+
+      if (!isActive && (event.which !== ESCAPE_KEYCODE || event.which !== SPACE_KEYCODE) || isActive && (event.which === ESCAPE_KEYCODE || event.which === SPACE_KEYCODE)) {
+        if (event.which === ESCAPE_KEYCODE) {
+          var toggle = $$$1(parent).find(Selector.DATA_TOGGLE)[0];
+          $$$1(toggle).trigger('focus');
+        }
+
+        $$$1(this).trigger('click');
+        return;
+      }
+
+      var items = $$$1(parent).find(Selector.VISIBLE_ITEMS).get();
+
+      if (items.length === 0) {
+        return;
+      }
+
+      var index = items.indexOf(event.target);
+
+      if (event.which === ARROW_UP_KEYCODE && index > 0) {
+        // Up
+        index--;
+      }
+
+      if (event.which === ARROW_DOWN_KEYCODE && index < items.length - 1) {
+        // Down
+        index++;
+      }
+
+      if (index < 0) {
+        index = 0;
+      }
+
+      items[index].focus();
+    };
+
+    _createClass(Dropdown, null, [{
+      key: "VERSION",
+      get: function get() {
+        return VERSION;
+      }
+    }, {
+      key: "Default",
+      get: function get() {
+        return Default;
+      }
+    }, {
+      key: "DefaultType",
+      get: function get() {
+        return DefaultType;
+      }
+    }]);
+    return Dropdown;
+  }();
+  /**
+   * ------------------------------------------------------------------------
+   * Data Api implementation
+   * ------------------------------------------------------------------------
+   */
+
+
+  $$$1(document).on(Event.KEYDOWN_DATA_API, Selector.DATA_TOGGLE, Dropdown._dataApiKeydownHandler).on(Event.KEYDOWN_DATA_API, Selector.MENU, Dropdown._dataApiKeydownHandler).on(Event.CLICK_DATA_API + " " + Event.KEYUP_DATA_API, Dropdown._clearMenus).on(Event.CLICK_DATA_API, Selector.DATA_TOGGLE, function (event) {
+    event.preventDefault();
+    event.stopPropagation();
+
+    Dropdown._jQueryInterface.call($$$1(this), 'toggle');
+  }).on(Event.CLICK_DATA_API, Selector.FORM_CHILD, function (e) {
+    e.stopPropagation();
+  });
+  /**
+   * ------------------------------------------------------------------------
+   * jQuery
+   * ------------------------------------------------------------------------
+   */
+
+  $$$1.fn[NAME] = Dropdown._jQueryInterface;
+  $$$1.fn[NAME].Constructor = Dropdown;
+
+  $$$1.fn[NAME].noConflict = function () {
+    $$$1.fn[NAME] = JQUERY_NO_CONFLICT;
+    return Dropdown._jQueryInterface;
+  };
+
+  return Dropdown;
+}($, Popper);
+
+/**
+ * --------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ * Bootstrap (v4.0.0): modal.js
+ * Licensed under MIT (https://github.com/twbs/bootstrap/blob/master/LICENSE)
+ * --------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ */
+
+var Modal = function ($$$1) {
+  /**
+   * ------------------------------------------------------------------------
+   * Constants
+   * ------------------------------------------------------------------------
+   */
+  var NAME = 'modal';
+  var VERSION = '4.0.0';
+  var DATA_KEY = 'bs.modal';
+  var EVENT_KEY = "." + DATA_KEY;
+  var DATA_API_KEY = '.data-api';
+  var JQUERY_NO_CONFLICT = $$$1.fn[NAME];
+  var TRANSITION_DURATION = 300;
+  var BACKDROP_TRANSITION_DURATION = 150;
+  var ESCAPE_KEYCODE = 27; // KeyboardEvent.which value for Escape (Esc) key
+
+  var Default = {
+    backdrop: true,
+    keyboard: true,
+    focus: true,
+    show: true
+  };
+  var DefaultType = {
+    backdrop: '(boolean|string)',
+    keyboard: 'boolean',
+    focus: 'boolean',
+    show: 'boolean'
+  };
+  var Event = {
+    HIDE: "hide" + EVENT_KEY,
+    HIDDEN: "hidden" + EVENT_KEY,
+    SHOW: "show" + EVENT_KEY,
+    SHOWN: "shown" + EVENT_KEY,
+    FOCUSIN: "focusin" + EVENT_KEY,
+    RESIZE: "resize" + EVENT_KEY,
+    CLICK_DISMISS: "click.dismiss" + EVENT_KEY,
+    KEYDOWN_DISMISS: "keydown.dismiss" + EVENT_KEY,
+    MOUSEUP_DISMISS: "mouseup.dismiss" + EVENT_KEY,
+    MOUSEDOWN_DISMISS: "mousedown.dismiss" + EVENT_KEY,
+    CLICK_DATA_API: "click" + EVENT_KEY + DATA_API_KEY
+  };
+  var ClassName = {
+    SCROLLBAR_MEASURER: 'modal-scrollbar-measure',
+    BACKDROP: 'modal-backdrop',
+    OPEN: 'modal-open',
+    FADE: 'fade',
+    SHOW: 'show'
+  };
+  var Selector = {
+    DIALOG: '.modal-dialog',
+    DATA_TOGGLE: '[data-toggle="modal"]',
+    DATA_DISMISS: '[data-dismiss="modal"]',
+    FIXED_CONTENT: '.fixed-top, .fixed-bottom, .is-fixed, .sticky-top',
+    STICKY_CONTENT: '.sticky-top',
+    NAVBAR_TOGGLER: '.navbar-toggler'
+    /**
+     * ------------------------------------------------------------------------
+     * Class Definition
+     * ------------------------------------------------------------------------
+     */
+
+  };
+
+  var Modal =
+  /*#__PURE__*/
+  function () {
+    function Modal(element, config) {
+      this._config = this._getConfig(config);
+      this._element = element;
+      this._dialog = $$$1(element).find(Selector.DIALOG)[0];
+      this._backdrop = null;
+      this._isShown = false;
+      this._isBodyOverflowing = false;
+      this._ignoreBackdropClick = false;
+      this._originalBodyPadding = 0;
+      this._scrollbarWidth = 0;
+    } // Getters
+
+
+    var _proto = Modal.prototype;
+
+    // Public
+    _proto.toggle = function toggle(relatedTarget) {
+      return this._isShown ? this.hide() : this.show(relatedTarget);
+    };
+
+    _proto.show = function show(relatedTarget) {
+      var _this = this;
+
+      if (this._isTransitioning || this._isShown) {
+        return;
+      }
+
+      if (Util.supportsTransitionEnd() && $$$1(this._element).hasClass(ClassName.FADE)) {
+        this._isTransitioning = true;
+      }
+
+      var showEvent = $$$1.Event(Event.SHOW, {
+        relatedTarget: relatedTarget
+      });
+      $$$1(this._element).trigger(showEvent);
+
+      if (this._isShown || showEvent.isDefaultPrevented()) {
+        return;
+      }
+
+      this._isShown = true;
+
+      this._checkScrollbar();
+
+      this._setScrollbar();
+
+      this._adjustDialog();
+
+      $$$1(document.body).addClass(ClassName.OPEN);
+
+      this._setEscapeEvent();
+
+      this._setResizeEvent();
+
+      $$$1(this._element).on(Event.CLICK_DISMISS, Selector.DATA_DISMISS, function (event) {
+        return _this.hide(event);
+      });
+      $$$1(this._dialog).on(Event.MOUSEDOWN_DISMISS, function () {
+        $$$1(_this._element).one(Event.MOUSEUP_DISMISS, function (event) {
+          if ($$$1(event.target).is(_this._element)) {
+            _this._ignoreBackdropClick = true;
+          }
+        });
+      });
+
+      this._showBackdrop(function () {
+        return _this._showElement(relatedTarget);
+      });
+    };
+
+    _proto.hide = function hide(event) {
+      var _this2 = this;
+
+      if (event) {
+        event.preventDefault();
+      }
+
+      if (this._isTransitioning || !this._isShown) {
+        return;
+      }
+
+      var hideEvent = $$$1.Event(Event.HIDE);
+      $$$1(this._element).trigger(hideEvent);
+
+      if (!this._isShown || hideEvent.isDefaultPrevented()) {
+        return;
+      }
+
+      this._isShown = false;
+      var transition = Util.supportsTransitionEnd() && $$$1(this._element).hasClass(ClassName.FADE);
+
+      if (transition) {
+        this._isTransitioning = true;
+      }
+
+      this._setEscapeEvent();
+
+      this._setResizeEvent();
+
+      $$$1(document).off(Event.FOCUSIN);
+      $$$1(this._element).removeClass(ClassName.SHOW);
+      $$$1(this._element).off(Event.CLICK_DISMISS);
+      $$$1(this._dialog).off(Event.MOUSEDOWN_DISMISS);
+
+      if (transition) {
+        $$$1(this._element).one(Util.TRANSITION_END, function (event) {
+          return _this2._hideModal(event);
+        }).emulateTransitionEnd(TRANSITION_DURATION);
+      } else {
+        this._hideModal();
+      }
+    };
+
+    _proto.dispose = function dispose() {
+      $$$1.removeData(this._element, DATA_KEY);
+      $$$1(window, document, this._element, this._backdrop).off(EVENT_KEY);
+      this._config = null;
+      this._element = null;
+      this._dialog = null;
+      this._backdrop = null;
+      this._isShown = null;
+      this._isBodyOverflowing = null;
+      this._ignoreBackdropClick = null;
+      this._scrollbarWidth = null;
+    };
+
+    _proto.handleUpdate = function handleUpdate() {
+      this._adjustDialog();
+    }; // Private
+
+
+    _proto._getConfig = function _getConfig(config) {
+      config = _extends({}, Default, config);
+      Util.typeCheckConfig(NAME, config, DefaultType);
+      return config;
+    };
+
+    _proto._showElement = function _showElement(relatedTarget) {
+      var _this3 = this;
+
+      var transition = Util.supportsTransitionEnd() && $$$1(this._element).hasClass(ClassName.FADE);
+
+      if (!this._element.parentNode || this._element.parentNode.nodeType !== Node.ELEMENT_NODE) {
+        // Don't move modal's DOM position
+        document.body.appendChild(this._element);
+      }
+
+      this._element.style.display = 'block';
+
+      this._element.removeAttribute('aria-hidden');
+
+      this._element.scrollTop = 0;
+
+      if (transition) {
+        Util.reflow(this._element);
+      }
+
+      $$$1(this._element).addClass(ClassName.SHOW);
+
+      if (this._config.focus) {
+        this._enforceFocus();
+      }
+
+      var shownEvent = $$$1.Event(Event.SHOWN, {
+        relatedTarget: relatedTarget
+      });
+
+      var transitionComplete = function transitionComplete() {
+        if (_this3._config.focus) {
+          _this3._element.focus();
+        }
+
+        _this3._isTransitioning = false;
+        $$$1(_this3._element).trigger(shownEvent);
+      };
+
+      if (transition) {
+        $$$1(this._dialog).one(Util.TRANSITION_END, transitionComplete).emulateTransitionEnd(TRANSITION_DURATION);
+      } else {
+        transitionComplete();
+      }
+    };
+
+    _proto._enforceFocus = function _enforceFocus() {
+      var _this4 = this;
+
+      $$$1(document).off(Event.FOCUSIN) // Guard against infinite focus loop
+      .on(Event.FOCUSIN, function (event) {
+        if (document !== event.target && _this4._element !== event.target && $$$1(_this4._element).has(event.target).length === 0) {
+          _this4._element.focus();
+        }
+      });
+    };
+
+    _proto._setEscapeEvent = function _setEscapeEvent() {
+      var _this5 = this;
+
+      if (this._isShown && this._config.keyboard) {
+        $$$1(this._element).on(Event.KEYDOWN_DISMISS, function (event) {
+          if (event.which === ESCAPE_KEYCODE) {
+            event.preventDefault();
+
+            _this5.hide();
+          }
+        });
+      } else if (!this._isShown) {
+        $$$1(this._element).off(Event.KEYDOWN_DISMISS);
+      }
+    };
+
+    _proto._setResizeEvent = function _setResizeEvent() {
+      var _this6 = this;
+
+      if (this._isShown) {
+        $$$1(window).on(Event.RESIZE, function (event) {
+          return _this6.handleUpdate(event);
+        });
+      } else {
+        $$$1(window).off(Event.RESIZE);
+      }
+    };
+
+    _proto._hideModal = function _hideModal() {
+      var _this7 = this;
+
+      this._element.style.display = 'none';
+
+      this._element.setAttribute('aria-hidden', true);
+
+      this._isTransitioning = false;
+
+      this._showBackdrop(function () {
+        $$$1(document.body).removeClass(ClassName.OPEN);
+
+        _this7._resetAdjustments();
+
+        _this7._resetScrollbar();
+
+        $$$1(_this7._element).trigger(Event.HIDDEN);
+      });
+    };
+
+    _proto._removeBackdrop = function _removeBackdrop() {
+      if (this._backdrop) {
+        $$$1(this._backdrop).remove();
+        this._backdrop = null;
+      }
+    };
+
+    _proto._showBackdrop = function _showBackdrop(callback) {
+      var _this8 = this;
+
+      var animate = $$$1(this._element).hasClass(ClassName.FADE) ? ClassName.FADE : '';
+
+      if (this._isShown && this._config.backdrop) {
+        var doAnimate = Util.supportsTransitionEnd() && animate;
+        this._backdrop = document.createElement('div');
+        this._backdrop.className = ClassName.BACKDROP;
+
+        if (animate) {
+          $$$1(this._backdrop).addClass(animate);
+        }
+
+        $$$1(this._backdrop).appendTo(document.body);
+        $$$1(this._element).on(Event.CLICK_DISMISS, function (event) {
+          if (_this8._ignoreBackdropClick) {
+            _this8._ignoreBackdropClick = false;
+            return;
+          }
+
+          if (event.target !== event.currentTarget) {
+            return;
+          }
+
+          if (_this8._config.backdrop === 'static') {
+            _this8._element.focus();
+          } else {
+            _this8.hide();
+          }
+        });
+
+        if (doAnimate) {
+          Util.reflow(this._backdrop);
+        }
+
+        $$$1(this._backdrop).addClass(ClassName.SHOW);
+
+        if (!callback) {
+          return;
+        }
+
+        if (!doAnimate) {
+          callback();
+          return;
+        }
+
+        $$$1(this._backdrop).one(Util.TRANSITION_END, callback).emulateTransitionEnd(BACKDROP_TRANSITION_DURATION);
+      } else if (!this._isShown && this._backdrop) {
+        $$$1(this._backdrop).removeClass(ClassName.SHOW);
+
+        var callbackRemove = function callbackRemove() {
+          _this8._removeBackdrop();
+
+          if (callback) {
+            callback();
+          }
+        };
+
+        if (Util.supportsTransitionEnd() && $$$1(this._element).hasClass(ClassName.FADE)) {
+          $$$1(this._backdrop).one(Util.TRANSITION_END, callbackRemove).emulateTransitionEnd(BACKDROP_TRANSITION_DURATION);
+        } else {
+          callbackRemove();
+        }
+      } else if (callback) {
+        callback();
+      }
+    }; // ----------------------------------------------------------------------
+    // the following methods are used to handle overflowing modals
+    // todo (fat): these should probably be refactored out of modal.js
+    // ----------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+
+    _proto._adjustDialog = function _adjustDialog() {
+      var isModalOverflowing = this._element.scrollHeight > document.documentElement.clientHeight;
+
+      if (!this._isBodyOverflowing && isModalOverflowing) {
+        this._element.style.paddingLeft = this._scrollbarWidth + "px";
+      }
+
+      if (this._isBodyOverflowing && !isModalOverflowing) {
+        this._element.style.paddingRight = this._scrollbarWidth + "px";
+      }
+    };
+
+    _proto._resetAdjustments = function _resetAdjustments() {
+      this._element.style.paddingLeft = '';
+      this._element.style.paddingRight = '';
+    };
+
+    _proto._checkScrollbar = function _checkScrollbar() {
+      var rect = document.body.getBoundingClientRect();
+      this._isBodyOverflowing = rect.left + rect.right < window.innerWidth;
+      this._scrollbarWidth = this._getScrollbarWidth();
+    };
+
+    _proto._setScrollbar = function _setScrollbar() {
+      var _this9 = this;
+
+      if (this._isBodyOverflowing) {
+        // Note: DOMNode.style.paddingRight returns the actual value or '' if not set
+        //   while $(DOMNode).css('padding-right') returns the calculated value or 0 if not set
+        // Adjust fixed content padding
+        $$$1(Selector.FIXED_CONTENT).each(function (index, element) {
+          var actualPadding = $$$1(element)[0].style.paddingRight;
+          var calculatedPadding = $$$1(element).css('padding-right');
+          $$$1(element).data('padding-right', actualPadding).css('padding-right', parseFloat(calculatedPadding) + _this9._scrollbarWidth + "px");
+        }); // Adjust sticky content margin
+
+        $$$1(Selector.STICKY_CONTENT).each(function (index, element) {
+          var actualMargin = $$$1(element)[0].style.marginRight;
+          var calculatedMargin = $$$1(element).css('margin-right');
+          $$$1(element).data('margin-right', actualMargin).css('margin-right', parseFloat(calculatedMargin) - _this9._scrollbarWidth + "px");
+        }); // Adjust navbar-toggler margin
+
+        $$$1(Selector.NAVBAR_TOGGLER).each(function (index, element) {
+          var actualMargin = $$$1(element)[0].style.marginRight;
+          var calculatedMargin = $$$1(element).css('margin-right');
+          $$$1(element).data('margin-right', actualMargin).css('margin-right', parseFloat(calculatedMargin) + _this9._scrollbarWidth + "px");
+        }); // Adjust body padding
+
+        var actualPadding = document.body.style.paddingRight;
+        var calculatedPadding = $$$1('body').css('padding-right');
+        $$$1('body').data('padding-right', actualPadding).css('padding-right', parseFloat(calculatedPadding) + this._scrollbarWidth + "px");
+      }
+    };
+
+    _proto._resetScrollbar = function _resetScrollbar() {
+      // Restore fixed content padding
+      $$$1(Selector.FIXED_CONTENT).each(function (index, element) {
+        var padding = $$$1(element).data('padding-right');
+
+        if (typeof padding !== 'undefined') {
+          $$$1(element).css('padding-right', padding).removeData('padding-right');
+        }
+      }); // Restore sticky content and navbar-toggler margin
+
+      $$$1(Selector.STICKY_CONTENT + ", " + Selector.NAVBAR_TOGGLER).each(function (index, element) {
+        var margin = $$$1(element).data('margin-right');
+
+        if (typeof margin !== 'undefined') {
+          $$$1(element).css('margin-right', margin).removeData('margin-right');
+        }
+      }); // Restore body padding
+
+      var padding = $$$1('body').data('padding-right');
+
+      if (typeof padding !== 'undefined') {
+        $$$1('body').css('padding-right', padding).removeData('padding-right');
+      }
+    };
+
+    _proto._getScrollbarWidth = function _getScrollbarWidth() {
+      // thx d.walsh
+      var scrollDiv = document.createElement('div');
+      scrollDiv.className = ClassName.SCROLLBAR_MEASURER;
+      document.body.appendChild(scrollDiv);
+      var scrollbarWidth = scrollDiv.getBoundingClientRect().width - scrollDiv.clientWidth;
+      document.body.removeChild(scrollDiv);
+      return scrollbarWidth;
+    }; // Static
+
+
+    Modal._jQueryInterface = function _jQueryInterface(config, relatedTarget) {
+      return this.each(function () {
+        var data = $$$1(this).data(DATA_KEY);
+
+        var _config = _extends({}, Modal.Default, $$$1(this).data(), typeof config === 'object' && config);
+
+        if (!data) {
+          data = new Modal(this, _config);
+          $$$1(this).data(DATA_KEY, data);
+        }
+
+        if (typeof config === 'string') {
+          if (typeof data[config] === 'undefined') {
+            throw new TypeError("No method named \"" + config + "\"");
+          }
+
+          data[config](relatedTarget);
+        } else if (_config.show) {
+          data.show(relatedTarget);
+        }
+      });
+    };
+
+    _createClass(Modal, null, [{
+      key: "VERSION",
+      get: function get() {
+        return VERSION;
+      }
+    }, {
+      key: "Default",
+      get: function get() {
+        return Default;
+      }
+    }]);
+    return Modal;
+  }();
+  /**
+   * ------------------------------------------------------------------------
+   * Data Api implementation
+   * ------------------------------------------------------------------------
+   */
+
+
+  $$$1(document).on(Event.CLICK_DATA_API, Selector.DATA_TOGGLE, function (event) {
+    var _this10 = this;
+
+    var target;
+    var selector = Util.getSelectorFromElement(this);
+
+    if (selector) {
+      target = $$$1(selector)[0];
+    }
+
+    var config = $$$1(target).data(DATA_KEY) ? 'toggle' : _extends({}, $$$1(target).data(), $$$1(this).data());
+
+    if (this.tagName === 'A' || this.tagName === 'AREA') {
+      event.preventDefault();
+    }
+
+    var $target = $$$1(target).one(Event.SHOW, function (showEvent) {
+      if (showEvent.isDefaultPrevented()) {
+        // Only register focus restorer if modal will actually get shown
+        return;
+      }
+
+      $target.one(Event.HIDDEN, function () {
+        if ($$$1(_this10).is(':visible')) {
+          _this10.focus();
+        }
+      });
+    });
+
+    Modal._jQueryInterface.call($$$1(target), config, this);
+  });
+  /**
+   * ------------------------------------------------------------------------
+   * jQuery
+   * ------------------------------------------------------------------------
+   */
+
+  $$$1.fn[NAME] = Modal._jQueryInterface;
+  $$$1.fn[NAME].Constructor = Modal;
+
+  $$$1.fn[NAME].noConflict = function () {
+    $$$1.fn[NAME] = JQUERY_NO_CONFLICT;
+    return Modal._jQueryInterface;
+  };
+
+  return Modal;
+}($);
+
+/**
+ * --------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ * Bootstrap (v4.0.0): tooltip.js
+ * Licensed under MIT (https://github.com/twbs/bootstrap/blob/master/LICENSE)
+ * --------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ */
+
+var Tooltip = function ($$$1) {
+  /**
+   * ------------------------------------------------------------------------
+   * Constants
+   * ------------------------------------------------------------------------
+   */
+  var NAME = 'tooltip';
+  var VERSION = '4.0.0';
+  var DATA_KEY = 'bs.tooltip';
+  var EVENT_KEY = "." + DATA_KEY;
+  var JQUERY_NO_CONFLICT = $$$1.fn[NAME];
+  var TRANSITION_DURATION = 150;
+  var CLASS_PREFIX = 'bs-tooltip';
+  var BSCLS_PREFIX_REGEX = new RegExp("(^|\\s)" + CLASS_PREFIX + "\\S+", 'g');
+  var DefaultType = {
+    animation: 'boolean',
+    template: 'string',
+    title: '(string|element|function)',
+    trigger: 'string',
+    delay: '(number|object)',
+    html: 'boolean',
+    selector: '(string|boolean)',
+    placement: '(string|function)',
+    offset: '(number|string)',
+    container: '(string|element|boolean)',
+    fallbackPlacement: '(string|array)',
+    boundary: '(string|element)'
+  };
+  var AttachmentMap = {
+    AUTO: 'auto',
+    TOP: 'top',
+    RIGHT: 'right',
+    BOTTOM: 'bottom',
+    LEFT: 'left'
+  };
+  var Default = {
+    animation: true,
+    template: '<div class="tooltip" role="tooltip">' + '<div class="arrow"></div>' + '<div class="tooltip-inner"></div></div>',
+    trigger: 'hover focus',
+    title: '',
+    delay: 0,
+    html: false,
+    selector: false,
+    placement: 'top',
+    offset: 0,
+    container: false,
+    fallbackPlacement: 'flip',
+    boundary: 'scrollParent'
+  };
+  var HoverState = {
+    SHOW: 'show',
+    OUT: 'out'
+  };
+  var Event = {
+    HIDE: "hide" + EVENT_KEY,
+    HIDDEN: "hidden" + EVENT_KEY,
+    SHOW: "show" + EVENT_KEY,
+    SHOWN: "shown" + EVENT_KEY,
+    INSERTED: "inserted" + EVENT_KEY,
+    CLICK: "click" + EVENT_KEY,
+    FOCUSIN: "focusin" + EVENT_KEY,
+    FOCUSOUT: "focusout" + EVENT_KEY,
+    MOUSEENTER: "mouseenter" + EVENT_KEY,
+    MOUSELEAVE: "mouseleave" + EVENT_KEY
+  };
+  var ClassName = {
+    FADE: 'fade',
+    SHOW: 'show'
+  };
+  var Selector = {
+    TOOLTIP: '.tooltip',
+    TOOLTIP_INNER: '.tooltip-inner',
+    ARROW: '.arrow'
+  };
+  var Trigger = {
+    HOVER: 'hover',
+    FOCUS: 'focus',
+    CLICK: 'click',
+    MANUAL: 'manual'
+    /**
+     * ------------------------------------------------------------------------
+     * Class Definition
+     * ------------------------------------------------------------------------
+     */
+
+  };
+
+  var Tooltip =
+  /*#__PURE__*/
+  function () {
+    function Tooltip(element, config) {
+      /**
+       * Check for Popper dependency
+       * Popper - https://popper.js.org
+       */
+      if (typeof Popper === 'undefined') {
+        throw new TypeError('Bootstrap tooltips require Popper.js (https://popper.js.org)');
+      } // private
+
+
+      this._isEnabled = true;
+      this._timeout = 0;
+      this._hoverState = '';
+      this._activeTrigger = {};
+      this._popper = null; // Protected
+
+      this.element = element;
+      this.config = this._getConfig(config);
+      this.tip = null;
+
+      this._setListeners();
+    } // Getters
+
+
+    var _proto = Tooltip.prototype;
+
+    // Public
+    _proto.enable = function enable() {
+      this._isEnabled = true;
+    };
+
+    _proto.disable = function disable() {
+      this._isEnabled = false;
+    };
+
+    _proto.toggleEnabled = function toggleEnabled() {
+      this._isEnabled = !this._isEnabled;
+    };
+
+    _proto.toggle = function toggle(event) {
+      if (!this._isEnabled) {
+        return;
+      }
+
+      if (event) {
+        var dataKey = this.constructor.DATA_KEY;
+        var context = $$$1(event.currentTarget).data(dataKey);
+
+        if (!context) {
+          context = new this.constructor(event.currentTarget, this._getDelegateConfig());
+          $$$1(event.currentTarget).data(dataKey, context);
+        }
+
+        context._activeTrigger.click = !context._activeTrigger.click;
+
+        if (context._isWithActiveTrigger()) {
+          context._enter(null, context);
+        } else {
+          context._leave(null, context);
+        }
+      } else {
+        if ($$$1(this.getTipElement()).hasClass(ClassName.SHOW)) {
+          this._leave(null, this);
+
+          return;
+        }
+
+        this._enter(null, this);
+      }
+    };
+
+    _proto.dispose = function dispose() {
+      clearTimeout(this._timeout);
+      $$$1.removeData(this.element, this.constructor.DATA_KEY);
+      $$$1(this.element).off(this.constructor.EVENT_KEY);
+      $$$1(this.element).closest('.modal').off('hide.bs.modal');
+
+      if (this.tip) {
+        $$$1(this.tip).remove();
+      }
+
+      this._isEnabled = null;
+      this._timeout = null;
+      this._hoverState = null;
+      this._activeTrigger = null;
+
+      if (this._popper !== null) {
+        this._popper.destroy();
+      }
+
+      this._popper = null;
+      this.element = null;
+      this.config = null;
+      this.tip = null;
+    };
+
+    _proto.show = function show() {
+      var _this = this;
+
+      if ($$$1(this.element).css('display') === 'none') {
+        throw new Error('Please use show on visible elements');
+      }
+
+      var showEvent = $$$1.Event(this.constructor.Event.SHOW);
+
+      if (this.isWithContent() && this._isEnabled) {
+        $$$1(this.element).trigger(showEvent);
+        var isInTheDom = $$$1.contains(this.element.ownerDocument.documentElement, this.element);
+
+        if (showEvent.isDefaultPrevented() || !isInTheDom) {
+          return;
+        }
+
+        var tip = this.getTipElement();
+        var tipId = Util.getUID(this.constructor.NAME);
+        tip.setAttribute('id', tipId);
+        this.element.setAttribute('aria-describedby', tipId);
+        this.setContent();
+
+        if (this.config.animation) {
+          $$$1(tip).addClass(ClassName.FADE);
+        }
+
+        var placement = typeof this.config.placement === 'function' ? this.config.placement.call(this, tip, this.element) : this.config.placement;
+
+        var attachment = this._getAttachment(placement);
+
+        this.addAttachmentClass(attachment);
+        var container = this.config.container === false ? document.body : $$$1(this.config.container);
+        $$$1(tip).data(this.constructor.DATA_KEY, this);
+
+        if (!$$$1.contains(this.element.ownerDocument.documentElement, this.tip)) {
+          $$$1(tip).appendTo(container);
+        }
+
+        $$$1(this.element).trigger(this.constructor.Event.INSERTED);
+        this._popper = new Popper(this.element, tip, {
+          placement: attachment,
+          modifiers: {
+            offset: {
+              offset: this.config.offset
+            },
+            flip: {
+              behavior: this.config.fallbackPlacement
+            },
+            arrow: {
+              element: Selector.ARROW
+            },
+            preventOverflow: {
+              boundariesElement: this.config.boundary
+            }
+          },
+          onCreate: function onCreate(data) {
+            if (data.originalPlacement !== data.placement) {
+              _this._handlePopperPlacementChange(data);
+            }
+          },
+          onUpdate: function onUpdate(data) {
+            _this._handlePopperPlacementChange(data);
+          }
+        });
+        $$$1(tip).addClass(ClassName.SHOW); // If this is a touch-enabled device we add extra
+        // empty mouseover listeners to the body's immediate children;
+        // only needed because of broken event delegation on iOS
+        // https://www.quirksmode.org/blog/archives/2014/02/mouse_event_bub.html
+
+        if ('ontouchstart' in document.documentElement) {
+          $$$1('body').children().on('mouseover', null, $$$1.noop);
+        }
+
+        var complete = function complete() {
+          if (_this.config.animation) {
+            _this._fixTransition();
+          }
+
+          var prevHoverState = _this._hoverState;
+          _this._hoverState = null;
+          $$$1(_this.element).trigger(_this.constructor.Event.SHOWN);
+
+          if (prevHoverState === HoverState.OUT) {
+            _this._leave(null, _this);
+          }
+        };
+
+        if (Util.supportsTransitionEnd() && $$$1(this.tip).hasClass(ClassName.FADE)) {
+          $$$1(this.tip).one(Util.TRANSITION_END, complete).emulateTransitionEnd(Tooltip._TRANSITION_DURATION);
+        } else {
+          complete();
+        }
+      }
+    };
+
+    _proto.hide = function hide(callback) {
+      var _this2 = this;
+
+      var tip = this.getTipElement();
+      var hideEvent = $$$1.Event(this.constructor.Event.HIDE);
+
+      var complete = function complete() {
+        if (_this2._hoverState !== HoverState.SHOW && tip.parentNode) {
+          tip.parentNode.removeChild(tip);
+        }
+
+        _this2._cleanTipClass();
+
+        _this2.element.removeAttribute('aria-describedby');
+
+        $$$1(_this2.element).trigger(_this2.constructor.Event.HIDDEN);
+
+        if (_this2._popper !== null) {
+          _this2._popper.destroy();
+        }
+
+        if (callback) {
+          callback();
+        }
+      };
+
+      $$$1(this.element).trigger(hideEvent);
+
+      if (hideEvent.isDefaultPrevented()) {
+        return;
+      }
+
+      $$$1(tip).removeClass(ClassName.SHOW); // If this is a touch-enabled device we remove the extra
+      // empty mouseover listeners we added for iOS support
+
+      if ('ontouchstart' in document.documentElement) {
+        $$$1('body').children().off('mouseover', null, $$$1.noop);
+      }
+
+      this._activeTrigger[Trigger.CLICK] = false;
+      this._activeTrigger[Trigger.FOCUS] = false;
+      this._activeTrigger[Trigger.HOVER] = false;
+
+      if (Util.supportsTransitionEnd() && $$$1(this.tip).hasClass(ClassName.FADE)) {
+        $$$1(tip).one(Util.TRANSITION_END, complete).emulateTransitionEnd(TRANSITION_DURATION);
+      } else {
+        complete();
+      }
+
+      this._hoverState = '';
+    };
+
+    _proto.update = function update() {
+      if (this._popper !== null) {
+        this._popper.scheduleUpdate();
+      }
+    }; // Protected
+
+
+    _proto.isWithContent = function isWithContent() {
+      return Boolean(this.getTitle());
+    };
+
+    _proto.addAttachmentClass = function addAttachmentClass(attachment) {
+      $$$1(this.getTipElement()).addClass(CLASS_PREFIX + "-" + attachment);
+    };
+
+    _proto.getTipElement = function getTipElement() {
+      this.tip = this.tip || $$$1(this.config.template)[0];
+      return this.tip;
+    };
+
+    _proto.setContent = function setContent() {
+      var $tip = $$$1(this.getTipElement());
+      this.setElementContent($tip.find(Selector.TOOLTIP_INNER), this.getTitle());
+      $tip.removeClass(ClassName.FADE + " " + ClassName.SHOW);
+    };
+
+    _proto.setElementContent = function setElementContent($element, content) {
+      var html = this.config.html;
+
+      if (typeof content === 'object' && (content.nodeType || content.jquery)) {
+        // Content is a DOM node or a jQuery
+        if (html) {
+          if (!$$$1(content).parent().is($element)) {
+            $element.empty().append(content);
+          }
+        } else {
+          $element.text($$$1(content).text());
+        }
+      } else {
+        $element[html ? 'html' : 'text'](content);
+      }
+    };
+
+    _proto.getTitle = function getTitle() {
+      var title = this.element.getAttribute('data-original-title');
+
+      if (!title) {
+        title = typeof this.config.title === 'function' ? this.config.title.call(this.element) : this.config.title;
+      }
+
+      return title;
+    }; // Private
+
+
+    _proto._getAttachment = function _getAttachment(placement) {
+      return AttachmentMap[placement.toUpperCase()];
+    };
+
+    _proto._setListeners = function _setListeners() {
+      var _this3 = this;
+
+      var triggers = this.config.trigger.split(' ');
+      triggers.forEach(function (trigger) {
+        if (trigger === 'click') {
+          $$$1(_this3.element).on(_this3.constructor.Event.CLICK, _this3.config.selector, function (event) {
+            return _this3.toggle(event);
+          });
+        } else if (trigger !== Trigger.MANUAL) {
+          var eventIn = trigger === Trigger.HOVER ? _this3.constructor.Event.MOUSEENTER : _this3.constructor.Event.FOCUSIN;
+          var eventOut = trigger === Trigger.HOVER ? _this3.constructor.Event.MOUSELEAVE : _this3.constructor.Event.FOCUSOUT;
+          $$$1(_this3.element).on(eventIn, _this3.config.selector, function (event) {
+            return _this3._enter(event);
+          }).on(eventOut, _this3.config.selector, function (event) {
+            return _this3._leave(event);
+          });
+        }
+
+        $$$1(_this3.element).closest('.modal').on('hide.bs.modal', function () {
+          return _this3.hide();
+        });
+      });
+
+      if (this.config.selector) {
+        this.config = _extends({}, this.config, {
+          trigger: 'manual',
+          selector: ''
+        });
+      } else {
+        this._fixTitle();
+      }
+    };
+
+    _proto._fixTitle = function _fixTitle() {
+      var titleType = typeof this.element.getAttribute('data-original-title');
+
+      if (this.element.getAttribute('title') || titleType !== 'string') {
+        this.element.setAttribute('data-original-title', this.element.getAttribute('title') || '');
+        this.element.setAttribute('title', '');
+      }
+    };
+
+    _proto._enter = function _enter(event, context) {
+      var dataKey = this.constructor.DATA_KEY;
+      context = context || $$$1(event.currentTarget).data(dataKey);
+
+      if (!context) {
+        context = new this.constructor(event.currentTarget, this._getDelegateConfig());
+        $$$1(event.currentTarget).data(dataKey, context);
+      }
+
+      if (event) {
+        context._activeTrigger[event.type === 'focusin' ? Trigger.FOCUS : Trigger.HOVER] = true;
+      }
+
+      if ($$$1(context.getTipElement()).hasClass(ClassName.SHOW) || context._hoverState === HoverState.SHOW) {
+        context._hoverState = HoverState.SHOW;
+        return;
+      }
+
+      clearTimeout(context._timeout);
+      context._hoverState = HoverState.SHOW;
+
+      if (!context.config.delay || !context.config.delay.show) {
+        context.show();
+        return;
+      }
+
+      context._timeout = setTimeout(function () {
+        if (context._hoverState === HoverState.SHOW) {
+          context.show();
+        }
+      }, context.config.delay.show);
+    };
+
+    _proto._leave = function _leave(event, context) {
+      var dataKey = this.constructor.DATA_KEY;
+      context = context || $$$1(event.currentTarget).data(dataKey);
+
+      if (!context) {
+        context = new this.constructor(event.currentTarget, this._getDelegateConfig());
+        $$$1(event.currentTarget).data(dataKey, context);
+      }
+
+      if (event) {
+        context._activeTrigger[event.type === 'focusout' ? Trigger.FOCUS : Trigger.HOVER] = false;
+      }
+
+      if (context._isWithActiveTrigger()) {
+        return;
+      }
+
+      clearTimeout(context._timeout);
+      context._hoverState = HoverState.OUT;
+
+      if (!context.config.delay || !context.config.delay.hide) {
+        context.hide();
+        return;
+      }
+
+      context._timeout = setTimeout(function () {
+        if (context._hoverState === HoverState.OUT) {
+          context.hide();
+        }
+      }, context.config.delay.hide);
+    };
+
+    _proto._isWithActiveTrigger = function _isWithActiveTrigger() {
+      for (var trigger in this._activeTrigger) {
+        if (this._activeTrigger[trigger]) {
+          return true;
+        }
+      }
+
+      return false;
+    };
+
+    _proto._getConfig = function _getConfig(config) {
+      config = _extends({}, this.constructor.Default, $$$1(this.element).data(), config);
+
+      if (typeof config.delay === 'number') {
+        config.delay = {
+          show: config.delay,
+          hide: config.delay
+        };
+      }
+
+      if (typeof config.title === 'number') {
+        config.title = config.title.toString();
+      }
+
+      if (typeof config.content === 'number') {
+        config.content = config.content.toString();
+      }
+
+      Util.typeCheckConfig(NAME, config, this.constructor.DefaultType);
+      return config;
+    };
+
+    _proto._getDelegateConfig = function _getDelegateConfig() {
+      var config = {};
+
+      if (this.config) {
+        for (var key in this.config) {
+          if (this.constructor.Default[key] !== this.config[key]) {
+            config[key] = this.config[key];
+          }
+        }
+      }
+
+      return config;
+    };
+
+    _proto._cleanTipClass = function _cleanTipClass() {
+      var $tip = $$$1(this.getTipElement());
+      var tabClass = $tip.attr('class').match(BSCLS_PREFIX_REGEX);
+
+      if (tabClass !== null && tabClass.length > 0) {
+        $tip.removeClass(tabClass.join(''));
+      }
+    };
+
+    _proto._handlePopperPlacementChange = function _handlePopperPlacementChange(data) {
+      this._cleanTipClass();
+
+      this.addAttachmentClass(this._getAttachment(data.placement));
+    };
+
+    _proto._fixTransition = function _fixTransition() {
+      var tip = this.getTipElement();
+      var initConfigAnimation = this.config.animation;
+
+      if (tip.getAttribute('x-placement') !== null) {
+        return;
+      }
+
+      $$$1(tip).removeClass(ClassName.FADE);
+      this.config.animation = false;
+      this.hide();
+      this.show();
+      this.config.animation = initConfigAnimation;
+    }; // Static
+
+
+    Tooltip._jQueryInterface = function _jQueryInterface(config) {
+      return this.each(function () {
+        var data = $$$1(this).data(DATA_KEY);
+
+        var _config = typeof config === 'object' && config;
+
+        if (!data && /dispose|hide/.test(config)) {
+          return;
+        }
+
+        if (!data) {
+          data = new Tooltip(this, _config);
+          $$$1(this).data(DATA_KEY, data);
+        }
+
+        if (typeof config === 'string') {
+          if (typeof data[config] === 'undefined') {
+            throw new TypeError("No method named \"" + config + "\"");
+          }
+
+          data[config]();
+        }
+      });
+    };
+
+    _createClass(Tooltip, null, [{
+      key: "VERSION",
+      get: function get() {
+        return VERSION;
+      }
+    }, {
+      key: "Default",
+      get: function get() {
+        return Default;
+      }
+    }, {
+      key: "NAME",
+      get: function get() {
+        return NAME;
+      }
+    }, {
+      key: "DATA_KEY",
+      get: function get() {
+        return DATA_KEY;
+      }
+    }, {
+      key: "Event",
+      get: function get() {
+        return Event;
+      }
+    }, {
+      key: "EVENT_KEY",
+      get: function get() {
+        return EVENT_KEY;
+      }
+    }, {
+      key: "DefaultType",
+      get: function get() {
+        return DefaultType;
+      }
+    }]);
+    return Tooltip;
+  }();
+  /**
+   * ------------------------------------------------------------------------
+   * jQuery
+   * ------------------------------------------------------------------------
+   */
+
+
+  $$$1.fn[NAME] = Tooltip._jQueryInterface;
+  $$$1.fn[NAME].Constructor = Tooltip;
+
+  $$$1.fn[NAME].noConflict = function () {
+    $$$1.fn[NAME] = JQUERY_NO_CONFLICT;
+    return Tooltip._jQueryInterface;
+  };
+
+  return Tooltip;
+}($, Popper);
+
+/**
+ * --------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ * Bootstrap (v4.0.0): popover.js
+ * Licensed under MIT (https://github.com/twbs/bootstrap/blob/master/LICENSE)
+ * --------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ */
+
+var Popover = function ($$$1) {
+  /**
+   * ------------------------------------------------------------------------
+   * Constants
+   * ------------------------------------------------------------------------
+   */
+  var NAME = 'popover';
+  var VERSION = '4.0.0';
+  var DATA_KEY = 'bs.popover';
+  var EVENT_KEY = "." + DATA_KEY;
+  var JQUERY_NO_CONFLICT = $$$1.fn[NAME];
+  var CLASS_PREFIX = 'bs-popover';
+  var BSCLS_PREFIX_REGEX = new RegExp("(^|\\s)" + CLASS_PREFIX + "\\S+", 'g');
+  var Default = _extends({}, Tooltip.Default, {
+    placement: 'right',
+    trigger: 'click',
+    content: '',
+    template: '<div class="popover" role="tooltip">' + '<div class="arrow"></div>' + '<h3 class="popover-header"></h3>' + '<div class="popover-body"></div></div>'
+  });
+  var DefaultType = _extends({}, Tooltip.DefaultType, {
+    content: '(string|element|function)'
+  });
+  var ClassName = {
+    FADE: 'fade',
+    SHOW: 'show'
+  };
+  var Selector = {
+    TITLE: '.popover-header',
+    CONTENT: '.popover-body'
+  };
+  var Event = {
+    HIDE: "hide" + EVENT_KEY,
+    HIDDEN: "hidden" + EVENT_KEY,
+    SHOW: "show" + EVENT_KEY,
+    SHOWN: "shown" + EVENT_KEY,
+    INSERTED: "inserted" + EVENT_KEY,
+    CLICK: "click" + EVENT_KEY,
+    FOCUSIN: "focusin" + EVENT_KEY,
+    FOCUSOUT: "focusout" + EVENT_KEY,
+    MOUSEENTER: "mouseenter" + EVENT_KEY,
+    MOUSELEAVE: "mouseleave" + EVENT_KEY
+    /**
+     * ------------------------------------------------------------------------
+     * Class Definition
+     * ------------------------------------------------------------------------
+     */
+
+  };
+
+  var Popover =
+  /*#__PURE__*/
+  function (_Tooltip) {
+    _inheritsLoose(Popover, _Tooltip);
+
+    function Popover() {
+      return _Tooltip.apply(this, arguments) || this;
+    }
+
+    var _proto = Popover.prototype;
+
+    // Overrides
+    _proto.isWithContent = function isWithContent() {
+      return this.getTitle() || this._getContent();
+    };
+
+    _proto.addAttachmentClass = function addAttachmentClass(attachment) {
+      $$$1(this.getTipElement()).addClass(CLASS_PREFIX + "-" + attachment);
+    };
+
+    _proto.getTipElement = function getTipElement() {
+      this.tip = this.tip || $$$1(this.config.template)[0];
+      return this.tip;
+    };
+
+    _proto.setContent = function setContent() {
+      var $tip = $$$1(this.getTipElement()); // We use append for html objects to maintain js events
+
+      this.setElementContent($tip.find(Selector.TITLE), this.getTitle());
+
+      var content = this._getContent();
+
+      if (typeof content === 'function') {
+        content = content.call(this.element);
+      }
+
+      this.setElementContent($tip.find(Selector.CONTENT), content);
+      $tip.removeClass(ClassName.FADE + " " + ClassName.SHOW);
+    }; // Private
+
+
+    _proto._getContent = function _getContent() {
+      return this.element.getAttribute('data-content') || this.config.content;
+    };
+
+    _proto._cleanTipClass = function _cleanTipClass() {
+      var $tip = $$$1(this.getTipElement());
+      var tabClass = $tip.attr('class').match(BSCLS_PREFIX_REGEX);
+
+      if (tabClass !== null && tabClass.length > 0) {
+        $tip.removeClass(tabClass.join(''));
+      }
+    }; // Static
+
+
+    Popover._jQueryInterface = function _jQueryInterface(config) {
+      return this.each(function () {
+        var data = $$$1(this).data(DATA_KEY);
+
+        var _config = typeof config === 'object' ? config : null;
+
+        if (!data && /destroy|hide/.test(config)) {
+          return;
+        }
+
+        if (!data) {
+          data = new Popover(this, _config);
+          $$$1(this).data(DATA_KEY, data);
+        }
+
+        if (typeof config === 'string') {
+          if (typeof data[config] === 'undefined') {
+            throw new TypeError("No method named \"" + config + "\"");
+          }
+
+          data[config]();
+        }
+      });
+    };
+
+    _createClass(Popover, null, [{
+      key: "VERSION",
+      // Getters
+      get: function get() {
+        return VERSION;
+      }
+    }, {
+      key: "Default",
+      get: function get() {
+        return Default;
+      }
+    }, {
+      key: "NAME",
+      get: function get() {
+        return NAME;
+      }
+    }, {
+      key: "DATA_KEY",
+      get: function get() {
+        return DATA_KEY;
+      }
+    }, {
+      key: "Event",
+      get: function get() {
+        return Event;
+      }
+    }, {
+      key: "EVENT_KEY",
+      get: function get() {
+        return EVENT_KEY;
+      }
+    }, {
+      key: "DefaultType",
+      get: function get() {
+        return DefaultType;
+      }
+    }]);
+    return Popover;
+  }(Tooltip);
+  /**
+   * ------------------------------------------------------------------------
+   * jQuery
+   * ------------------------------------------------------------------------
+   */
+
+
+  $$$1.fn[NAME] = Popover._jQueryInterface;
+  $$$1.fn[NAME].Constructor = Popover;
+
+  $$$1.fn[NAME].noConflict = function () {
+    $$$1.fn[NAME] = JQUERY_NO_CONFLICT;
+    return Popover._jQueryInterface;
+  };
+
+  return Popover;
+}($);
+
+/**
+ * --------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ * Bootstrap (v4.0.0): scrollspy.js
+ * Licensed under MIT (https://github.com/twbs/bootstrap/blob/master/LICENSE)
+ * --------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ */
+
+var ScrollSpy = function ($$$1) {
+  /**
+   * ------------------------------------------------------------------------
+   * Constants
+   * ------------------------------------------------------------------------
+   */
+  var NAME = 'scrollspy';
+  var VERSION = '4.0.0';
+  var DATA_KEY = 'bs.scrollspy';
+  var EVENT_KEY = "." + DATA_KEY;
+  var DATA_API_KEY = '.data-api';
+  var JQUERY_NO_CONFLICT = $$$1.fn[NAME];
+  var Default = {
+    offset: 10,
+    method: 'auto',
+    target: ''
+  };
+  var DefaultType = {
+    offset: 'number',
+    method: 'string',
+    target: '(string|element)'
+  };
+  var Event = {
+    ACTIVATE: "activate" + EVENT_KEY,
+    SCROLL: "scroll" + EVENT_KEY,
+    LOAD_DATA_API: "load" + EVENT_KEY + DATA_API_KEY
+  };
+  var ClassName = {
+    DROPDOWN_ITEM: 'dropdown-item',
+    DROPDOWN_MENU: 'dropdown-menu',
+    ACTIVE: 'active'
+  };
+  var Selector = {
+    DATA_SPY: '[data-spy="scroll"]',
+    ACTIVE: '.active',
+    NAV_LIST_GROUP: '.nav, .list-group',
+    NAV_LINKS: '.nav-link',
+    NAV_ITEMS: '.nav-item',
+    LIST_ITEMS: '.list-group-item',
+    DROPDOWN: '.dropdown',
+    DROPDOWN_ITEMS: '.dropdown-item',
+    DROPDOWN_TOGGLE: '.dropdown-toggle'
+  };
+  var OffsetMethod = {
+    OFFSET: 'offset',
+    POSITION: 'position'
+    /**
+     * ------------------------------------------------------------------------
+     * Class Definition
+     * ------------------------------------------------------------------------
+     */
+
+  };
+
+  var ScrollSpy =
+  /*#__PURE__*/
+  function () {
+    function ScrollSpy(element, config) {
+      var _this = this;
+
+      this._element = element;
+      this._scrollElement = element.tagName === 'BODY' ? window : element;
+      this._config = this._getConfig(config);
+      this._selector = this._config.target + " " + Selector.NAV_LINKS + "," + (this._config.target + " " + Selector.LIST_ITEMS + ",") + (this._config.target + " " + Selector.DROPDOWN_ITEMS);
+      this._offsets = [];
+      this._targets = [];
+      this._activeTarget = null;
+      this._scrollHeight = 0;
+      $$$1(this._scrollElement).on(Event.SCROLL, function (event) {
+        return _this._process(event);
+      });
+      this.refresh();
+
+      this._process();
+    } // Getters
+
+
+    var _proto = ScrollSpy.prototype;
+
+    // Public
+    _proto.refresh = function refresh() {
+      var _this2 = this;
+
+      var autoMethod = this._scrollElement === this._scrollElement.window ? OffsetMethod.OFFSET : OffsetMethod.POSITION;
+      var offsetMethod = this._config.method === 'auto' ? autoMethod : this._config.method;
+      var offsetBase = offsetMethod === OffsetMethod.POSITION ? this._getScrollTop() : 0;
+      this._offsets = [];
+      this._targets = [];
+      this._scrollHeight = this._getScrollHeight();
+      var targets = $$$1.makeArray($$$1(this._selector));
+      targets.map(function (element) {
+        var target;
+        var targetSelector = Util.getSelectorFromElement(element);
+
+        if (targetSelector) {
+          target = $$$1(targetSelector)[0];
+        }
+
+        if (target) {
+          var targetBCR = target.getBoundingClientRect();
+
+          if (targetBCR.width || targetBCR.height) {
+            // TODO (fat): remove sketch reliance on jQuery position/offset
+            return [$$$1(target)[offsetMethod]().top + offsetBase, targetSelector];
+          }
+        }
+
+        return null;
+      }).filter(function (item) {
+        return item;
+      }).sort(function (a, b) {
+        return a[0] - b[0];
+      }).forEach(function (item) {
+        _this2._offsets.push(item[0]);
+
+        _this2._targets.push(item[1]);
+      });
+    };
+
+    _proto.dispose = function dispose() {
+      $$$1.removeData(this._element, DATA_KEY);
+      $$$1(this._scrollElement).off(EVENT_KEY);
+      this._element = null;
+      this._scrollElement = null;
+      this._config = null;
+      this._selector = null;
+      this._offsets = null;
+      this._targets = null;
+      this._activeTarget = null;
+      this._scrollHeight = null;
+    }; // Private
+
+
+    _proto._getConfig = function _getConfig(config) {
+      config = _extends({}, Default, config);
+
+      if (typeof config.target !== 'string') {
+        var id = $$$1(config.target).attr('id');
+
+        if (!id) {
+          id = Util.getUID(NAME);
+          $$$1(config.target).attr('id', id);
+        }
+
+        config.target = "#" + id;
+      }
+
+      Util.typeCheckConfig(NAME, config, DefaultType);
+      return config;
+    };
+
+    _proto._getScrollTop = function _getScrollTop() {
+      return this._scrollElement === window ? this._scrollElement.pageYOffset : this._scrollElement.scrollTop;
+    };
+
+    _proto._getScrollHeight = function _getScrollHeight() {
+      return this._scrollElement.scrollHeight || Math.max(document.body.scrollHeight, document.documentElement.scrollHeight);
+    };
+
+    _proto._getOffsetHeight = function _getOffsetHeight() {
+      return this._scrollElement === window ? window.innerHeight : this._scrollElement.getBoundingClientRect().height;
+    };
+
+    _proto._process = function _process() {
+      var scrollTop = this._getScrollTop() + this._config.offset;
+
+      var scrollHeight = this._getScrollHeight();
+
+      var maxScroll = this._config.offset + scrollHeight - this._getOffsetHeight();
+
+      if (this._scrollHeight !== scrollHeight) {
+        this.refresh();
+      }
+
+      if (scrollTop >= maxScroll) {
+        var target = this._targets[this._targets.length - 1];
+
+        if (this._activeTarget !== target) {
+          this._activate(target);
+        }
+
+        return;
+      }
+
+      if (this._activeTarget && scrollTop < this._offsets[0] && this._offsets[0] > 0) {
+        this._activeTarget = null;
+
+        this._clear();
+
+        return;
+      }
+
+      for (var i = this._offsets.length; i--;) {
+        var isActiveTarget = this._activeTarget !== this._targets[i] && scrollTop >= this._offsets[i] && (typeof this._offsets[i + 1] === 'undefined' || scrollTop < this._offsets[i + 1]);
+
+        if (isActiveTarget) {
+          this._activate(this._targets[i]);
+        }
+      }
+    };
+
+    _proto._activate = function _activate(target) {
+      this._activeTarget = target;
+
+      this._clear();
+
+      var queries = this._selector.split(','); // eslint-disable-next-line arrow-body-style
+
+
+      queries = queries.map(function (selector) {
+        return selector + "[data-target=\"" + target + "\"]," + (selector + "[href=\"" + target + "\"]");
+      });
+      var $link = $$$1(queries.join(','));
+
+      if ($link.hasClass(ClassName.DROPDOWN_ITEM)) {
+        $link.closest(Selector.DROPDOWN).find(Selector.DROPDOWN_TOGGLE).addClass(ClassName.ACTIVE);
+        $link.addClass(ClassName.ACTIVE);
+      } else {
+        // Set triggered link as active
+        $link.addClass(ClassName.ACTIVE); // Set triggered links parents as active
+        // With both <ul> and <nav> markup a parent is the previous sibling of any nav ancestor
+
+        $link.parents(Selector.NAV_LIST_GROUP).prev(Selector.NAV_LINKS + ", " + Selector.LIST_ITEMS).addClass(ClassName.ACTIVE); // Handle special case when .nav-link is inside .nav-item
+
+        $link.parents(Selector.NAV_LIST_GROUP).prev(Selector.NAV_ITEMS).children(Selector.NAV_LINKS).addClass(ClassName.ACTIVE);
+      }
+
+      $$$1(this._scrollElement).trigger(Event.ACTIVATE, {
+        relatedTarget: target
+      });
+    };
+
+    _proto._clear = function _clear() {
+      $$$1(this._selector).filter(Selector.ACTIVE).removeClass(ClassName.ACTIVE);
+    }; // Static
+
+
+    ScrollSpy._jQueryInterface = function _jQueryInterface(config) {
+      return this.each(function () {
+        var data = $$$1(this).data(DATA_KEY);
+
+        var _config = typeof config === 'object' && config;
+
+        if (!data) {
+          data = new ScrollSpy(this, _config);
+          $$$1(this).data(DATA_KEY, data);
+        }
+
+        if (typeof config === 'string') {
+          if (typeof data[config] === 'undefined') {
+            throw new TypeError("No method named \"" + config + "\"");
+          }
+
+          data[config]();
+        }
+      });
+    };
+
+    _createClass(ScrollSpy, null, [{
+      key: "VERSION",
+      get: function get() {
+        return VERSION;
+      }
+    }, {
+      key: "Default",
+      get: function get() {
+        return Default;
+      }
+    }]);
+    return ScrollSpy;
+  }();
+  /**
+   * ------------------------------------------------------------------------
+   * Data Api implementation
+   * ------------------------------------------------------------------------
+   */
+
+
+  $$$1(window).on(Event.LOAD_DATA_API, function () {
+    var scrollSpys = $$$1.makeArray($$$1(Selector.DATA_SPY));
+
+    for (var i = scrollSpys.length; i--;) {
+      var $spy = $$$1(scrollSpys[i]);
+
+      ScrollSpy._jQueryInterface.call($spy, $spy.data());
+    }
+  });
+  /**
+   * ------------------------------------------------------------------------
+   * jQuery
+   * ------------------------------------------------------------------------
+   */
+
+  $$$1.fn[NAME] = ScrollSpy._jQueryInterface;
+  $$$1.fn[NAME].Constructor = ScrollSpy;
+
+  $$$1.fn[NAME].noConflict = function () {
+    $$$1.fn[NAME] = JQUERY_NO_CONFLICT;
+    return ScrollSpy._jQueryInterface;
+  };
+
+  return ScrollSpy;
+}($);
+
+/**
+ * --------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ * Bootstrap (v4.0.0): tab.js
+ * Licensed under MIT (https://github.com/twbs/bootstrap/blob/master/LICENSE)
+ * --------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ */
+
+var Tab = function ($$$1) {
+  /**
+   * ------------------------------------------------------------------------
+   * Constants
+   * ------------------------------------------------------------------------
+   */
+  var NAME = 'tab';
+  var VERSION = '4.0.0';
+  var DATA_KEY = 'bs.tab';
+  var EVENT_KEY = "." + DATA_KEY;
+  var DATA_API_KEY = '.data-api';
+  var JQUERY_NO_CONFLICT = $$$1.fn[NAME];
+  var TRANSITION_DURATION = 150;
+  var Event = {
+    HIDE: "hide" + EVENT_KEY,
+    HIDDEN: "hidden" + EVENT_KEY,
+    SHOW: "show" + EVENT_KEY,
+    SHOWN: "shown" + EVENT_KEY,
+    CLICK_DATA_API: "click" + EVENT_KEY + DATA_API_KEY
+  };
+  var ClassName = {
+    DROPDOWN_MENU: 'dropdown-menu',
+    ACTIVE: 'active',
+    DISABLED: 'disabled',
+    FADE: 'fade',
+    SHOW: 'show'
+  };
+  var Selector = {
+    DROPDOWN: '.dropdown',
+    NAV_LIST_GROUP: '.nav, .list-group',
+    ACTIVE: '.active',
+    ACTIVE_UL: '> li > .active',
+    DATA_TOGGLE: '[data-toggle="tab"], [data-toggle="pill"], [data-toggle="list"]',
+    DROPDOWN_TOGGLE: '.dropdown-toggle',
+    DROPDOWN_ACTIVE_CHILD: '> .dropdown-menu .active'
+    /**
+     * ------------------------------------------------------------------------
+     * Class Definition
+     * ------------------------------------------------------------------------
+     */
+
+  };
+
+  var Tab =
+  /*#__PURE__*/
+  function () {
+    function Tab(element) {
+      this._element = element;
+    } // Getters
+
+
+    var _proto = Tab.prototype;
+
+    // Public
+    _proto.show = function show() {
+      var _this = this;
+
+      if (this._element.parentNode && this._element.parentNode.nodeType === Node.ELEMENT_NODE && $$$1(this._element).hasClass(ClassName.ACTIVE) || $$$1(this._element).hasClass(ClassName.DISABLED)) {
+        return;
+      }
+
+      var target;
+      var previous;
+      var listElement = $$$1(this._element).closest(Selector.NAV_LIST_GROUP)[0];
+      var selector = Util.getSelectorFromElement(this._element);
+
+      if (listElement) {
+        var itemSelector = listElement.nodeName === 'UL' ? Selector.ACTIVE_UL : Selector.ACTIVE;
+        previous = $$$1.makeArray($$$1(listElement).find(itemSelector));
+        previous = previous[previous.length - 1];
+      }
+
+      var hideEvent = $$$1.Event(Event.HIDE, {
+        relatedTarget: this._element
+      });
+      var showEvent = $$$1.Event(Event.SHOW, {
+        relatedTarget: previous
+      });
+
+      if (previous) {
+        $$$1(previous).trigger(hideEvent);
+      }
+
+      $$$1(this._element).trigger(showEvent);
+
+      if (showEvent.isDefaultPrevented() || hideEvent.isDefaultPrevented()) {
+        return;
+      }
+
+      if (selector) {
+        target = $$$1(selector)[0];
+      }
+
+      this._activate(this._element, listElement);
+
+      var complete = function complete() {
+        var hiddenEvent = $$$1.Event(Event.HIDDEN, {
+          relatedTarget: _this._element
+        });
+        var shownEvent = $$$1.Event(Event.SHOWN, {
+          relatedTarget: previous
+        });
+        $$$1(previous).trigger(hiddenEvent);
+        $$$1(_this._element).trigger(shownEvent);
+      };
+
+      if (target) {
+        this._activate(target, target.parentNode, complete);
+      } else {
+        complete();
+      }
+    };
+
+    _proto.dispose = function dispose() {
+      $$$1.removeData(this._element, DATA_KEY);
+      this._element = null;
+    }; // Private
+
+
+    _proto._activate = function _activate(element, container, callback) {
+      var _this2 = this;
+
+      var activeElements;
+
+      if (container.nodeName === 'UL') {
+        activeElements = $$$1(container).find(Selector.ACTIVE_UL);
+      } else {
+        activeElements = $$$1(container).children(Selector.ACTIVE);
+      }
+
+      var active = activeElements[0];
+      var isTransitioning = callback && Util.supportsTransitionEnd() && active && $$$1(active).hasClass(ClassName.FADE);
+
+      var complete = function complete() {
+        return _this2._transitionComplete(element, active, callback);
+      };
+
+      if (active && isTransitioning) {
+        $$$1(active).one(Util.TRANSITION_END, complete).emulateTransitionEnd(TRANSITION_DURATION);
+      } else {
+        complete();
+      }
+    };
+
+    _proto._transitionComplete = function _transitionComplete(element, active, callback) {
+      if (active) {
+        $$$1(active).removeClass(ClassName.SHOW + " " + ClassName.ACTIVE);
+        var dropdownChild = $$$1(active.parentNode).find(Selector.DROPDOWN_ACTIVE_CHILD)[0];
+
+        if (dropdownChild) {
+          $$$1(dropdownChild).removeClass(ClassName.ACTIVE);
+        }
+
+        if (active.getAttribute('role') === 'tab') {
+          active.setAttribute('aria-selected', false);
+        }
+      }
+
+      $$$1(element).addClass(ClassName.ACTIVE);
+
+      if (element.getAttribute('role') === 'tab') {
+        element.setAttribute('aria-selected', true);
+      }
+
+      Util.reflow(element);
+      $$$1(element).addClass(ClassName.SHOW);
+
+      if (element.parentNode && $$$1(element.parentNode).hasClass(ClassName.DROPDOWN_MENU)) {
+        var dropdownElement = $$$1(element).closest(Selector.DROPDOWN)[0];
+
+        if (dropdownElement) {
+          $$$1(dropdownElement).find(Selector.DROPDOWN_TOGGLE).addClass(ClassName.ACTIVE);
+        }
+
+        element.setAttribute('aria-expanded', true);
+      }
+
+      if (callback) {
+        callback();
+      }
+    }; // Static
+
+
+    Tab._jQueryInterface = function _jQueryInterface(config) {
+      return this.each(function () {
+        var $this = $$$1(this);
+        var data = $this.data(DATA_KEY);
+
+        if (!data) {
+          data = new Tab(this);
+          $this.data(DATA_KEY, data);
+        }
+
+        if (typeof config === 'string') {
+          if (typeof data[config] === 'undefined') {
+            throw new TypeError("No method named \"" + config + "\"");
+          }
+
+          data[config]();
+        }
+      });
+    };
+
+    _createClass(Tab, null, [{
+      key: "VERSION",
+      get: function get() {
+        return VERSION;
+      }
+    }]);
+    return Tab;
+  }();
+  /**
+   * ------------------------------------------------------------------------
+   * Data Api implementation
+   * ------------------------------------------------------------------------
+   */
+
+
+  $$$1(document).on(Event.CLICK_DATA_API, Selector.DATA_TOGGLE, function (event) {
+    event.preventDefault();
+
+    Tab._jQueryInterface.call($$$1(this), 'show');
+  });
+  /**
+   * ------------------------------------------------------------------------
+   * jQuery
+   * ------------------------------------------------------------------------
+   */
+
+  $$$1.fn[NAME] = Tab._jQueryInterface;
+  $$$1.fn[NAME].Constructor = Tab;
+
+  $$$1.fn[NAME].noConflict = function () {
+    $$$1.fn[NAME] = JQUERY_NO_CONFLICT;
+    return Tab._jQueryInterface;
+  };
+
+  return Tab;
+}($);
+
+/**
+ * --------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ * Bootstrap (v4.0.0-alpha.6): index.js
+ * Licensed under MIT (https://github.com/twbs/bootstrap/blob/master/LICENSE)
+ * --------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ */
+
+(function ($$$1) {
+  if (typeof $$$1 === 'undefined') {
+    throw new TypeError('Bootstrap\'s JavaScript requires jQuery. jQuery must be included before Bootstrap\'s JavaScript.');
+  }
+
+  var version = $$$1.fn.jquery.split(' ')[0].split('.');
+  var minMajor = 1;
+  var ltMajor = 2;
+  var minMinor = 9;
+  var minPatch = 1;
+  var maxMajor = 4;
+
+  if (version[0] < ltMajor && version[1] < minMinor || version[0] === minMajor && version[1] === minMinor && version[2] < minPatch || version[0] >= maxMajor) {
+    throw new Error('Bootstrap\'s JavaScript requires at least jQuery v1.9.1 but less than v4.0.0');
+  }
+})($);
+
+exports.Util = Util;
+exports.Alert = Alert;
+exports.Button = Button;
+exports.Carousel = Carousel;
+exports.Collapse = Collapse;
+exports.Dropdown = Dropdown;
+exports.Modal = Modal;
+exports.Popover = Popover;
+exports.Scrollspy = ScrollSpy;
+exports.Tab = Tab;
+exports.Tooltip = Tooltip;
+
+Object.defineProperty(exports, '__esModule', { value: true });
+
+})));
+//# sourceMappingURL=bootstrap.bundle.js.map
diff --git a/chall/src/js/bootstrap.bundle.min.js b/chall/src/js/bootstrap.bundle.min.js
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..7d50e87
--- /dev/null
+++ b/chall/src/js/bootstrap.bundle.min.js
@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+/*!
+  * Bootstrap v4.0.0 (https://getbootstrap.com)
+  * Copyright 2011-2018 The Bootstrap Authors (https://github.com/twbs/bootstrap/graphs/contributors)
+  * Licensed under MIT (https://github.com/twbs/bootstrap/blob/master/LICENSE)
+  */
+!function(t,e){"object"==typeof exports&&"undefined"!=typeof module?e(exports,require("jquery")):"function"==typeof define&&define.amd?define(["exports","jquery"],e):e(t.bootstrap={},t.jQuery)}(this,function(t,e){"use strict";function n(t,e){for(var n=0;n<e.length;n++){var i=e[n];i.enumerable=i.enumerable||!1,i.configurable=!0,"value"in i&&(i.writable=!0),Object.defineProperty(t,i.key,i)}}function i(t,e,i){return e&&n(t.prototype,e),i&&n(t,i),t}function r(){return(r=Object.assign||function(t){for(var e=1;e<arguments.length;e++){var n=arguments[e];for(var i in n)Object.prototype.hasOwnProperty.call(n,i)&&(t[i]=n[i])}return t}).apply(this,arguments)}for(var o,s,a,l,c,h,f,u,d,p,g,m,_,v,E,y,b,T,C,w,I,A,D,S,O,N,k=function(t){var e=!1;function n(e){var n=this,r=!1;return t(this).one(i.TRANSITION_END,function(){r=!0}),setTimeout(function(){r||i.triggerTransitionEnd(n)},e),this}var i={TRANSITION_END:"bsTransitionEnd",getUID:function(t){do{t+=~~(1e6*Math.random())}while(document.getElementById(t));return t},getSelectorFromElement:function(e){var n,i=e.getAttribute("data-target");i&&"#"!==i||(i=e.getAttribute("href")||""),"#"===i.charAt(0)&&(n=i,i=n="function"==typeof t.escapeSelector?t.escapeSelector(n).substr(1):n.replace(/(:|\.|\[|\]|,|=|@)/g,"\\$1"));try{return t(document).find(i).length>0?i:null}catch(t){return null}},reflow:function(t){return t.offsetHeight},triggerTransitionEnd:function(n){t(n).trigger(e.end)},supportsTransitionEnd:function(){return Boolean(e)},isElement:function(t){return(t[0]||t).nodeType},typeCheckConfig:function(t,e,n){for(var r in n)if(Object.prototype.hasOwnProperty.call(n,r)){var o=n[r],s=e[r],a=s&&i.isElement(s)?"element":(l=s,{}.toString.call(l).match(/\s([a-zA-Z]+)/)[1].toLowerCase());if(!new RegExp(o).test(a))throw new Error(t.toUpperCase()+': Option "'+r+'" provided type "'+a+'" but expected type "'+o+'".')}var l}};return 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e>=n.clientWidth&&i>=n.clientHeight}),h=c.length>0?c[0].key:l[0].key,f=t.split("-")[1];return h+(f?"-"+f:"")}function ct(t,e,n){return st(n,G(e,n))}function ht(t){var e=getComputedStyle(t),n=parseFloat(e.marginTop)+parseFloat(e.marginBottom),i=parseFloat(e.marginLeft)+parseFloat(e.marginRight);return{width:t.offsetWidth+i,height:t.offsetHeight+n}}function ft(t){var e={left:"right",right:"left",bottom:"top",top:"bottom"};return t.replace(/left|right|bottom|top/g,function(t){return e[t]})}function ut(t,e,n){n=n.split("-")[0];var i=ht(t),r={width:i.width,height:i.height},o=-1!==["right","left"].indexOf(n),s=o?"top":"left",a=o?"left":"top",l=o?"height":"width",c=o?"width":"height";return r[s]=e[s]+e[l]/2-i[l]/2,r[a]=n===a?e[a]-i[c]:e[ft(a)],r}function dt(t,e){return Array.prototype.find?t.find(e):t.filter(e)[0]}function pt(t,e,n){return(void 0===n?t:t.slice(0,function(t,e,n){if(Array.prototype.findIndex)return t.findIndex(function(t){return t[e]===n});var i=dt(t,function(t){return t[e]===n});return t.indexOf(i)}(t,"name",n))).forEach(function(t){t.function&&console.warn("`modifier.function` is deprecated, use `modifier.fn`!");var n=t.function||t.fn;t.enabled&&B(n)&&(e.offsets.popper=rt(e.offsets.popper),e.offsets.reference=rt(e.offsets.reference),e=n(e,t))}),e}function gt(t,e){return t.some(function(t){var n=t.name;return t.enabled&&n===e})}function mt(t){for(var e=[!1,"ms","Webkit","Moz","O"],n=t.charAt(0).toUpperCase()+t.slice(1),i=0;i<e.length-1;i++){var r=e[i],o=r?""+r+n:t;if("undefined"!=typeof document.body.style[o])return o}return null}function _t(t){var e=t.ownerDocument;return e?e.defaultView:window}function vt(t,e,n,i){n.updateBound=i,_t(t).addEventListener("resize",n.updateBound,{passive:!0});var r=V(t);return function t(e,n,i,r){var o="BODY"===e.nodeName,s=o?e.ownerDocument.defaultView:e;s.addEventListener(n,i,{passive:!0}),o||t(V(s.parentNode),n,i,r),r.push(s)}(r,"scroll",n.updateBound,n.scrollParents),n.scrollElement=r,n.eventsEnabled=!0,n}function Et(){var t,e;this.state.eventsEnabled&&(cancelAnimationFrame(this.scheduleUpdate),this.state=(t=this.reference,e=this.state,_t(t).removeEventListener("resize",e.updateBound),e.scrollParents.forEach(function(t){t.removeEventListener("scroll",e.updateBound)}),e.updateBound=null,e.scrollParents=[],e.scrollElement=null,e.eventsEnabled=!1,e))}function yt(t){return""!==t&&!isNaN(parseFloat(t))&&isFinite(t)}function bt(t,e){Object.keys(e).forEach(function(n){var i="";-1!==["width","height","top","right","bottom","left"].indexOf(n)&&yt(e[n])&&(i="px"),t.style[n]=e[n]+i})}function Tt(t,e,n){var i=dt(t,function(t){return t.name===e}),r=!!i&&t.some(function(t){return t.name===n&&t.enabled&&t.order<i.order});if(!r){var o="`"+e+"`",s="`"+n+"`";console.warn(s+" modifier is required by "+o+" modifier in order to work, be sure to include it before "+o+"!")}return r}var Ct=["auto-start","auto","auto-end","top-start","top","top-end","right-start","right","right-end","bottom-end","bottom","bottom-start","left-end","left","left-start"],wt=Ct.slice(3);function It(t){var e=arguments.length>1&&void 0!==arguments[1]&&arguments[1],n=wt.indexOf(t),i=wt.slice(n+1).concat(wt.slice(0,n));return e?i.reverse():i}var At={FLIP:"flip",CLOCKWISE:"clockwise",COUNTERCLOCKWISE:"counterclockwise"};function Dt(t,e,n,i){var r=[0,0],o=-1!==["right","left"].indexOf(i),s=t.split(/(\+|\-)/).map(function(t){return t.trim()}),a=s.indexOf(dt(s,function(t){return-1!==t.search(/,|\s/)}));s[a]&&-1===s[a].indexOf(",")&&console.warn("Offsets separated by white space(s) are deprecated, use a comma (,) instead.");var l=/\s*,\s*|\s+/,c=-1!==a?[s.slice(0,a).concat([s[a].split(l)[0]]),[s[a].split(l)[1]].concat(s.slice(a+1))]:[s];return(c=c.map(function(t,i){var r=(1===i?!o:o)?"height":"width",s=!1;return t.reduce(function(t,e){return""===t[t.length-1]&&-1!==["+","-"].indexOf(e)?(t[t.length-1]=e,s=!0,t):s?(t[t.length-1]+=e,s=!1,t):t.concat(e)},[]).map(function(t){return function(t,e,n,i){var r=t.match(/((?:\-|\+)?\d*\.?\d*)(.*)/),o=+r[1],s=r[2];if(!o)return t;if(0===s.indexOf("%")){var a=void 0;switch(s){case"%p":a=n;break;case"%":case"%r":default:a=i}return rt(a)[e]/100*o}if("vh"===s||"vw"===s)return("vh"===s?Math.max(document.documentElement.clientHeight,window.innerHeight||0):Math.max(document.documentElement.clientWidth,window.innerWidth||0))/100*o;return o}(t,r,e,n)})})).forEach(function(t,e){t.forEach(function(n,i){yt(n)&&(r[e]+=n*("-"===t[i-1]?-1:1))})}),r}var St={placement:"bottom",eventsEnabled:!0,removeOnDestroy:!1,onCreate:function(){},onUpdate:function(){},modifiers:{shift:{order:100,enabled:!0,fn:function(t){var e=t.placement,n=e.split("-")[0],i=e.split("-")[1];if(i){var r=t.offsets,o=r.reference,s=r.popper,a=-1!==["bottom","top"].indexOf(n),l=a?"left":"top",c=a?"width":"height",h={start:nt({},l,o[l]),end:nt({},l,o[l]+o[c]-s[c])};t.offsets.popper=it({},s,h[i])}return t}},offset:{order:200,enabled:!0,fn:function(t,e){var n=e.offset,i=t.placement,r=t.offsets,o=r.popper,s=r.reference,a=i.split("-")[0],l=void 0;return l=yt(+n)?[+n,0]:Dt(n,o,s,a),"left"===a?(o.top+=l[0],o.left-=l[1]):"right"===a?(o.top+=l[0],o.left+=l[1]):"top"===a?(o.left+=l[0],o.top-=l[1]):"bottom"===a&&(o.left+=l[0],o.top+=l[1]),t.popper=o,t},offset:0},preventOverflow:{order:300,enabled:!0,fn:function(t,e){var n=e.boundariesElement||Q(t.instance.popper);t.instance.reference===n&&(n=Q(n));var i=at(t.instance.popper,t.instance.reference,e.padding,n);e.boundaries=i;var r=e.priority,o=t.offsets.popper,s={primary:function(t){var n=o[t];return o[t]<i[t]&&!e.escapeWithReference&&(n=Math.max(o[t],i[t])),nt({},t,n)},secondary:function(t){var n="right"===t?"left":"top",r=o[n];return o[t]>i[t]&&!e.escapeWithReference&&(r=Math.min(o[n],i[t]-("right"===t?o.width:o.height))),nt({},n,r)}};return r.forEach(function(t){var e=-1!==["left","top"].indexOf(t)?"primary":"secondary";o=it({},o,s[e](t))}),t.offsets.popper=o,t},priority:["left","right","top","bottom"],padding:5,boundariesElement:"scrollParent"},keepTogether:{order:400,enabled:!0,fn:function(t){var e=t.offsets,n=e.popper,i=e.reference,r=t.placement.split("-")[0],o=Math.floor,s=-1!==["top","bottom"].indexOf(r),a=s?"right":"bottom",l=s?"left":"top",c=s?"width":"height";return n[a]<o(i[l])&&(t.offsets.popper[l]=o(i[l])-n[c]),n[l]>o(i[a])&&(t.offsets.popper[l]=o(i[a])),t}},arrow:{order:500,enabled:!0,fn:function(t,e){var n;if(!Tt(t.instance.modifiers,"arrow","keepTogether"))return t;var i=e.element;if("string"==typeof i){if(!(i=t.instance.popper.querySelector(i)))return t}else if(!t.instance.popper.contains(i))return console.warn("WARNING: `arrow.element` must be child of its popper element!"),t;var r=t.placement.split("-")[0],o=t.offsets,s=o.popper,a=o.reference,l=-1!==["left","right"].indexOf(r),c=l?"height":"width",h=l?"Top":"Left",f=h.toLowerCase(),u=l?"left":"top",d=l?"bottom":"right",p=ht(i)[c];a[d]-p<s[f]&&(t.offsets.popper[f]-=s[f]-(a[d]-p)),a[f]+p>s[d]&&(t.offsets.popper[f]+=a[f]+p-s[d]),t.offsets.popper=rt(t.offsets.popper);var g=a[f]+a[c]/2-p/2,m=F(t.instance.popper),_=parseFloat(m["margin"+h],10),v=parseFloat(m["border"+h+"Width"],10),E=g-t.offsets.popper[f]-_-v;return E=Math.max(Math.min(s[c]-p,E),0),t.arrowElement=i,t.offsets.arrow=(nt(n={},f,Math.round(E)),nt(n,u,""),n),t},element:"[x-arrow]"},flip:{order:600,enabled:!0,fn:function(t,e){if(gt(t.instance.modifiers,"inner"))return t;if(t.flipped&&t.placement===t.originalPlacement)return t;var n=at(t.instance.popper,t.instance.reference,e.padding,e.boundariesElement),i=t.placement.split("-")[0],r=ft(i),o=t.placement.split("-")[1]||"",s=[];switch(e.behavior){case At.FLIP:s=[i,r];break;case At.CLOCKWISE:s=It(i);break;case At.COUNTERCLOCKWISE:s=It(i,!0);break;default:s=e.behavior}return s.forEach(function(a,l){if(i!==a||s.length===l+1)return t;i=t.placement.split("-")[0],r=ft(i);var c,h=t.offsets.popper,f=t.offsets.reference,u=Math.floor,d="left"===i&&u(h.right)>u(f.left)||"right"===i&&u(h.left)<u(f.right)||"top"===i&&u(h.bottom)>u(f.top)||"bottom"===i&&u(h.top)<u(f.bottom),p=u(h.left)<u(n.left),g=u(h.right)>u(n.right),m=u(h.top)<u(n.top),_=u(h.bottom)>u(n.bottom),v="left"===i&&p||"right"===i&&g||"top"===i&&m||"bottom"===i&&_,E=-1!==["top","bottom"].indexOf(i),y=!!e.flipVariations&&(E&&"start"===o&&p||E&&"end"===o&&g||!E&&"start"===o&&m||!E&&"end"===o&&_);(d||v||y)&&(t.flipped=!0,(d||v)&&(i=s[l+1]),y&&(o="end"===(c=o)?"start":"start"===c?"end":c),t.placement=i+(o?"-"+o:""),t.offsets.popper=it({},t.offsets.popper,ut(t.instance.popper,t.offsets.reference,t.placement)),t=pt(t.instance.modifiers,t,"flip"))}),t},behavior:"flip",padding:5,boundariesElement:"viewport"},inner:{order:700,enabled:!1,fn:function(t){var e=t.placement,n=e.split("-")[0],i=t.offsets,r=i.popper,o=i.reference,s=-1!==["left","right"].indexOf(n),a=-1===["top","left"].indexOf(n);return r[s?"left":"top"]=o[n]-(a?r[s?"width":"height"]:0),t.placement=ft(e),t.offsets.popper=rt(r),t}},hide:{order:800,enabled:!0,fn:function(t){if(!Tt(t.instance.modifiers,"hide","preventOverflow"))return t;var e=t.offsets.reference,n=dt(t.instance.modifiers,function(t){return"preventOverflow"===t.name}).boundaries;if(e.bottom<n.top||e.left>n.right||e.top>n.bottom||e.right<n.left){if(!0===t.hide)return t;t.hide=!0,t.attributes["x-out-of-boundaries"]=""}else{if(!1===t.hide)return t;t.hide=!1,t.attributes["x-out-of-boundaries"]=!1}return t}},computeStyle:{order:850,enabled:!0,fn:function(t,e){var n=e.x,i=e.y,r=t.offsets.popper,o=dt(t.instance.modifiers,function(t){return"applyStyle"===t.name}).gpuAcceleration;void 0!==o&&console.warn("WARNING: `gpuAcceleration` option moved to `computeStyle` modifier and will not be supported in future versions of Popper.js!");var s=void 0!==o?o:e.gpuAcceleration,a=ot(Q(t.instance.popper)),l={position:r.position},c={left:Math.floor(r.left),top:Math.floor(r.top),bottom:Math.floor(r.bottom),right:Math.floor(r.right)},h="bottom"===n?"top":"bottom",f="right"===i?"left":"right",u=mt("transform"),d=void 0,p=void 0;if(p="bottom"===h?-a.height+c.bottom:c.top,d="right"===f?-a.width+c.right:c.left,s&&u)l[u]="translate3d("+d+"px, "+p+"px, 0)",l[h]=0,l[f]=0,l.willChange="transform";else{var g="bottom"===h?-1:1,m="right"===f?-1:1;l[h]=p*g,l[f]=d*m,l.willChange=h+", "+f}var _={"x-placement":t.placement};return t.attributes=it({},_,t.attributes),t.styles=it({},l,t.styles),t.arrowStyles=it({},t.offsets.arrow,t.arrowStyles),t},gpuAcceleration:!0,x:"bottom",y:"right"},applyStyle:{order:900,enabled:!0,fn:function(t){var e,n;return bt(t.instance.popper,t.styles),e=t.instance.popper,n=t.attributes,Object.keys(n).forEach(function(t){!1!==n[t]?e.setAttribute(t,n[t]):e.removeAttribute(t)}),t.arrowElement&&Object.keys(t.arrowStyles).length&&bt(t.arrowElement,t.arrowStyles),t},onLoad:function(t,e,n,i,r){var o=ct(0,e,t),s=lt(n.placement,o,e,t,n.modifiers.flip.boundariesElement,n.modifiers.flip.padding);return e.setAttribute("x-placement",s),bt(e,{position:"absolute"}),n},gpuAcceleration:void 0}}},Ot=function(){function t(e,n){var i=this,r=arguments.length>2&&void 0!==arguments[2]?arguments[2]:{};tt(this,t),this.scheduleUpdate=function(){return 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t={instance:this,styles:{},arrowStyles:{},attributes:{},flipped:!1,offsets:{}};t.offsets.reference=ct(this.state,this.popper,this.reference),t.placement=lt(this.options.placement,t.offsets.reference,this.popper,this.reference,this.options.modifiers.flip.boundariesElement,this.options.modifiers.flip.padding),t.originalPlacement=t.placement,t.offsets.popper=ut(this.popper,t.offsets.reference,t.placement),t.offsets.popper.position="absolute",t=pt(this.modifiers,t),this.state.isCreated?this.options.onUpdate(t):(this.state.isCreated=!0,this.options.onCreate(t))}}.call(this)}},{key:"destroy",value:function(){return function(){return this.state.isDestroyed=!0,gt(this.modifiers,"applyStyle")&&(this.popper.removeAttribute("x-placement"),this.popper.style.left="",this.popper.style.position="",this.popper.style.top="",this.popper.style[mt("transform")]=""),this.disableEventListeners(),this.options.removeOnDestroy&&this.popper.parentNode.removeChild(this.popper),this}.call(this)}},{key:"enableEventListeners",value:function(){return function(){this.state.eventsEnabled||(this.state=vt(this.reference,this.options,this.state,this.scheduleUpdate))}.call(this)}},{key:"disableEventListeners",value:function(){return Et.call(this)}}]),t}();Ot.Utils=("undefined"!=typeof window?window:global).PopperUtils,Ot.placements=Ct,Ot.Defaults=St;var Nt=function(t){var e="dropdown",n="bs.dropdown",o="."+n,s=t.fn[e],a=new 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e=s._getParentFromElement(this._element),n=t(this._menu).hasClass(h);if(s._clearMenus(),!n){var i={relatedTarget:this._element},r=t.Event(l.SHOW,i);if(t(e).trigger(r),!r.isDefaultPrevented()){if(!this._inNavbar){if("undefined"==typeof Ot)throw new TypeError("Bootstrap dropdown require Popper.js (https://popper.js.org)");var o=this._element;t(e).hasClass(f)&&(t(this._menu).hasClass(g)||t(this._menu).hasClass(p))&&(o=e),"scrollParent"!==this._config.boundary&&t(e).addClass(m),this._popper=new Ot(o,this._menu,this._getPopperConfig())}"ontouchstart"in document.documentElement&&0===t(e).closest(y).length&&t("body").children().on("mouseover",null,t.noop),this._element.focus(),this._element.setAttribute("aria-expanded",!0),t(this._menu).toggleClass(h),t(e).toggleClass(h).trigger(t.Event(l.SHOWN,i))}}}},v.dispose=function(){t.removeData(this._element,n),t(this._element).off(o),this._element=null,this._menu=null,null!==this._popper&&(this._popper.destroy(),this._popper=null)},v.update=function(){this._inNavbar=this._detectNavbar(),null!==this._popper&&this._popper.scheduleUpdate()},v._addEventListeners=function(){var e=this;t(this._element).on(l.CLICK,function(t){t.preventDefault(),t.stopPropagation(),e.toggle()})},v._getConfig=function(n){return n=r({},this.constructor.Default,t(this._element).data(),n),k.typeCheckConfig(e,n,this.constructor.DefaultType),n},v._getMenuElement=function(){if(!this._menu){var e=s._getParentFromElement(this._element);this._menu=t(e).find(E)[0]}return this._menu},v._getPlacement=function(){var e=t(this._element).parent(),n=w;return e.hasClass(f)?(n=T,t(this._menu).hasClass(p)&&(n=C)):e.hasClass(u)?n=A:e.hasClass(d)?n=D:t(this._menu).hasClass(p)&&(n=I),n},v._detectNavbar=function(){return t(this._element).closest(".navbar").length>0},v._getPopperConfig=function(){var t=this,e={};return"function"==typeof this._config.offset?e.fn=function(e){return e.offsets=r({},e.offsets,t._config.offset(e.offsets)||{}),e}:e.offset=this._config.offset,{placement:this._getPlacement(),modifiers:{offset:e,flip:{enabled:this._config.flip},preventOverflow:{boundariesElement:this._config.boundary}}}},s._jQueryInterface=function(e){return this.each(function(){var i=t(this).data(n);if(i||(i=new s(this,"object"==typeof e?e:null),t(this).data(n,i)),"string"==typeof e){if("undefined"==typeof i[e])throw new TypeError('No method named "'+e+'"');i[e]()}})},s._clearMenus=function(e){if(!e||3!==e.which&&("keyup"!==e.type||9===e.which))for(var i=t.makeArray(t(_)),r=0;r<i.length;r++){var 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this._activeTrigger)if(this._activeTrigger[t])return!0;return!1},T._getConfig=function(n){return"number"==typeof(n=r({},this.constructor.Default,t(this.element).data(),n)).delay&&(n.delay={show:n.delay,hide:n.delay}),"number"==typeof n.title&&(n.title=n.title.toString()),"number"==typeof n.content&&(n.content=n.content.toString()),k.typeCheckConfig(e,n,this.constructor.DefaultType),n},T._getDelegateConfig=function(){var t={};if(this.config)for(var e in this.config)this.constructor.Default[e]!==this.config[e]&&(t[e]=this.config[e]);return t},T._cleanTipClass=function(){var e=t(this.getTipElement()),n=e.attr("class").match(a);null!==n&&n.length>0&&e.removeClass(n.join(""))},T._handlePopperPlacementChange=function(t){this._cleanTipClass(),this.addAttachmentClass(this._getAttachment(t.placement))},T._fixTransition=function(){var e=this.getTipElement(),n=this.config.animation;null===e.getAttribute("x-placement")&&(t(e).removeClass(p),this.config.animation=!1,this.hide(),this.show(),this.config.animation=n)},s._jQueryInterface=function(e){return this.each(function(){var i=t(this).data(n),r="object"==typeof e&&e;if((i||!/dispose|hide/.test(e))&&(i||(i=new s(this,r),t(this).data(n,i)),"string"==typeof e)){if("undefined"==typeof i[e])throw new TypeError('No method named "'+e+'"');i[e]()}})},i(s,null,[{key:"VERSION",get:function(){return"4.0.0"}},{key:"Default",get:function(){return h}},{key:"NAME",get:function(){return e}},{key:"DATA_KEY",get:function(){return n}},{key:"Event",get:function(){return d}},{key:"EVENT_KEY",get:function(){return o}},{key:"DefaultType",get:function(){return l}}]),s}();return t.fn[e]=T._jQueryInterface,t.fn[e].Constructor=T,t.fn[e].noConflict=function(){return t.fn[e]=s,T._jQueryInterface},T}(e),Pt=function(t){var e="popover",n="bs.popover",o="."+n,s=t.fn[e],a=new RegExp("(^|\\s)bs-popover\\S+","g"),l=r({},Lt.Default,{placement:"right",trigger:"click",content:"",template:'<div class="popover" role="tooltip"><div class="arrow"></div><h3 class="popover-header"></h3><div class="popover-body"></div></div>'}),c=r({},Lt.DefaultType,{content:"(string|element|function)"}),h="fade",f="show",u=".popover-header",d=".popover-body",p={HIDE:"hide"+o,HIDDEN:"hidden"+o,SHOW:"show"+o,SHOWN:"shown"+o,INSERTED:"inserted"+o,CLICK:"click"+o,FOCUSIN:"focusin"+o,FOCUSOUT:"focusout"+o,MOUSEENTER:"mouseenter"+o,MOUSELEAVE:"mouseleave"+o},g=function(r){var s,g;function m(){return r.apply(this,arguments)||this}g=r,(s=m).prototype=Object.create(g.prototype),s.prototype.constructor=s,s.__proto__=g;var _=m.prototype;return _.isWithContent=function(){return this.getTitle()||this._getContent()},_.addAttachmentClass=function(e){t(this.getTipElement()).addClass("bs-popover-"+e)},_.getTipElement=function(){return this.tip=this.tip||t(this.config.template)[0],this.tip},_.setContent=function(){var e=t(this.getTipElement());this.setElementContent(e.find(u),this.getTitle());var n=this._getContent();"function"==typeof n&&(n=n.call(this.element)),this.setElementContent(e.find(d),n),e.removeClass(h+" "+f)},_._getContent=function(){return this.element.getAttribute("data-content")||this.config.content},_._cleanTipClass=function(){var e=t(this.getTipElement()),n=e.attr("class").match(a);null!==n&&n.length>0&&e.removeClass(n.join(""))},m._jQueryInterface=function(e){return this.each(function(){var i=t(this).data(n),r="object"==typeof e?e:null;if((i||!/destroy|hide/.test(e))&&(i||(i=new m(this,r),t(this).data(n,i)),"string"==typeof e)){if("undefined"==typeof i[e])throw new TypeError('No method named "'+e+'"');i[e]()}})},i(m,null,[{key:"VERSION",get:function(){return"4.0.0"}},{key:"Default",get:function(){return l}},{key:"NAME",get:function(){return e}},{key:"DATA_KEY",get:function(){return n}},{key:"Event",get:function(){return p}},{key:"EVENT_KEY",get:function(){return o}},{key:"DefaultType",get:function(){return c}}]),m}(Lt);return t.fn[e]=g._jQueryInterface,t.fn[e].Constructor=g,t.fn[e].noConflict=function(){return t.fn[e]=s,g._jQueryInterface},g}(e),xt=function(t){var e="scrollspy",n="bs.scrollspy",o="."+n,s=t.fn[e],a={offset:10,method:"auto",target:""},l={offset:"number",method:"string",target:"(string|element)"},c={ACTIVATE:"activate"+o,SCROLL:"scroll"+o,LOAD_DATA_API:"load"+o+".data-api"},h="dropdown-item",f="active",u={DATA_SPY:'[data-spy="scroll"]',ACTIVE:".active",NAV_LIST_GROUP:".nav, .list-group",NAV_LINKS:".nav-link",NAV_ITEMS:".nav-item",LIST_ITEMS:".list-group-item",DROPDOWN:".dropdown",DROPDOWN_ITEMS:".dropdown-item",DROPDOWN_TOGGLE:".dropdown-toggle"},d="offset",p="position",g=function(){function s(e,n){var i=this;this._element=e,this._scrollElement="BODY"===e.tagName?window:e,this._config=this._getConfig(n),this._selector=this._config.target+" "+u.NAV_LINKS+","+this._config.target+" "+u.LIST_ITEMS+","+this._config.target+" "+u.DROPDOWN_ITEMS,this._offsets=[],this._targets=[],this._activeTarget=null,this._scrollHeight=0,t(this._scrollElement).on(c.SCROLL,function(t){return i._process(t)}),this.refresh(),this._process()}var g=s.prototype;return g.refresh=function(){var e=this,n=this._scrollElement===this._scrollElement.window?d:p,i="auto"===this._config.method?n:this._config.method,r=i===p?this._getScrollTop():0;this._offsets=[],this._targets=[],this._scrollHeight=this._getScrollHeight(),t.makeArray(t(this._selector)).map(function(e){var n,o=k.getSelectorFromElement(e);if(o&&(n=t(o)[0]),n){var s=n.getBoundingClientRect();if(s.width||s.height)return[t(n)[i]().top+r,o]}return null}).filter(function(t){return t}).sort(function(t,e){return t[0]-e[0]}).forEach(function(t){e._offsets.push(t[0]),e._targets.push(t[1])})},g.dispose=function(){t.removeData(this._element,n),t(this._scrollElement).off(o),this._element=null,this._scrollElement=null,this._config=null,this._selector=null,this._offsets=null,this._targets=null,this._activeTarget=null,this._scrollHeight=null},g._getConfig=function(n){if("string"!=typeof(n=r({},a,n)).target){var i=t(n.target).attr("id");i||(i=k.getUID(e),t(n.target).attr("id",i)),n.target="#"+i}return k.typeCheckConfig(e,n,l),n},g._getScrollTop=function(){return this._scrollElement===window?this._scrollElement.pageYOffset:this._scrollElement.scrollTop},g._getScrollHeight=function(){return this._scrollElement.scrollHeight||Math.max(document.body.scrollHeight,document.documentElement.scrollHeight)},g._getOffsetHeight=function(){return this._scrollElement===window?window.innerHeight:this._scrollElement.getBoundingClientRect().height},g._process=function(){var t=this._getScrollTop()+this._config.offset,e=this._getScrollHeight(),n=this._config.offset+e-this._getOffsetHeight();if(this._scrollHeight!==e&&this.refresh(),t>=n){var i=this._targets[this._targets.length-1];this._activeTarget!==i&&this._activate(i)}else{if(this._activeTarget&&t<this._offsets[0]&&this._offsets[0]>0)return this._activeTarget=null,void this._clear();for(var r=this._offsets.length;r--;){this._activeTarget!==this._targets[r]&&t>=this._offsets[r]&&("undefined"==typeof this._offsets[r+1]||t<this._offsets[r+1])&&this._activate(this._targets[r])}}},g._activate=function(e){this._activeTarget=e,this._clear();var n=this._selector.split(",");n=n.map(function(t){return t+'[data-target="'+e+'"],'+t+'[href="'+e+'"]'});var i=t(n.join(","));i.hasClass(h)?(i.closest(u.DROPDOWN).find(u.DROPDOWN_TOGGLE).addClass(f),i.addClass(f)):(i.addClass(f),i.parents(u.NAV_LIST_GROUP).prev(u.NAV_LINKS+", "+u.LIST_ITEMS).addClass(f),i.parents(u.NAV_LIST_GROUP).prev(u.NAV_ITEMS).children(u.NAV_LINKS).addClass(f)),t(this._scrollElement).trigger(c.ACTIVATE,{relatedTarget:e})},g._clear=function(){t(this._selector).filter(u.ACTIVE).removeClass(f)},s._jQueryInterface=function(e){return this.each(function(){var i=t(this).data(n);if(i||(i=new s(this,"object"==typeof e&&e),t(this).data(n,i)),"string"==typeof e){if("undefined"==typeof i[e])throw new TypeError('No method named "'+e+'"');i[e]()}})},i(s,null,[{key:"VERSION",get:function(){return"4.0.0"}},{key:"Default",get:function(){return a}}]),s}();return t(window).on(c.LOAD_DATA_API,function(){for(var e=t.makeArray(t(u.DATA_SPY)),n=e.length;n--;){var i=t(e[n]);g._jQueryInterface.call(i,i.data())}}),t.fn[e]=g._jQueryInterface,t.fn[e].Constructor=g,t.fn[e].noConflict=function(){return t.fn[e]=s,g._jQueryInterface},g}(e),Rt=function(t){var e=".bs.tab",n=t.fn.tab,r={HIDE:"hide"+e,HIDDEN:"hidden"+e,SHOW:"show"+e,SHOWN:"shown"+e,CLICK_DATA_API:"click.bs.tab.data-api"},o="dropdown-menu",s="active",a="disabled",l="fade",c="show",h=".dropdown",f=".nav, .list-group",u=".active",d="> li > .active",p='[data-toggle="tab"], [data-toggle="pill"], [data-toggle="list"]',g=".dropdown-toggle",m="> .dropdown-menu .active",_=function(){function e(t){this._element=t}var n=e.prototype;return n.show=function(){var e=this;if(!(this._element.parentNode&&this._element.parentNode.nodeType===Node.ELEMENT_NODE&&t(this._element).hasClass(s)||t(this._element).hasClass(a))){var n,i,o=t(this._element).closest(f)[0],l=k.getSelectorFromElement(this._element);if(o){var c="UL"===o.nodeName?d:u;i=(i=t.makeArray(t(o).find(c)))[i.length-1]}var h=t.Event(r.HIDE,{relatedTarget:this._element}),p=t.Event(r.SHOW,{relatedTarget:i});if(i&&t(i).trigger(h),t(this._element).trigger(p),!p.isDefaultPrevented()&&!h.isDefaultPrevented()){l&&(n=t(l)[0]),this._activate(this._element,o);var g=function(){var n=t.Event(r.HIDDEN,{relatedTarget:e._element}),o=t.Event(r.SHOWN,{relatedTarget:i});t(i).trigger(n),t(e._element).trigger(o)};n?this._activate(n,n.parentNode,g):g()}}},n.dispose=function(){t.removeData(this._element,"bs.tab"),this._element=null},n._activate=function(e,n,i){var r=this,o=("UL"===n.nodeName?t(n).find(d):t(n).children(u))[0],s=i&&k.supportsTransitionEnd()&&o&&t(o).hasClass(l),a=function(){return r._transitionComplete(e,o,i)};o&&s?t(o).one(k.TRANSITION_END,a).emulateTransitionEnd(150):a()},n._transitionComplete=function(e,n,i){if(n){t(n).removeClass(c+" "+s);var r=t(n.parentNode).find(m)[0];r&&t(r).removeClass(s),"tab"===n.getAttribute("role")&&n.setAttribute("aria-selected",!1)}if(t(e).addClass(s),"tab"===e.getAttribute("role")&&e.setAttribute("aria-selected",!0),k.reflow(e),t(e).addClass(c),e.parentNode&&t(e.parentNode).hasClass(o)){var a=t(e).closest(h)[0];a&&t(a).find(g).addClass(s),e.setAttribute("aria-expanded",!0)}i&&i()},e._jQueryInterface=function(n){return this.each(function(){var i=t(this),r=i.data("bs.tab");if(r||(r=new e(this),i.data("bs.tab",r)),"string"==typeof n){if("undefined"==typeof r[n])throw new TypeError('No method named "'+n+'"');r[n]()}})},i(e,null,[{key:"VERSION",get:function(){return"4.0.0"}}]),e}();return t(document).on(r.CLICK_DATA_API,p,function(e){e.preventDefault(),_._jQueryInterface.call(t(this),"show")}),t.fn.tab=_._jQueryInterface,t.fn.tab.Constructor=_,t.fn.tab.noConflict=function(){return t.fn.tab=n,_._jQueryInterface},_}(e);!function(t){if("undefined"==typeof t)throw new TypeError("Bootstrap's JavaScript requires jQuery. jQuery must be included before Bootstrap's JavaScript.");var e=t.fn.jquery.split(" ")[0].split(".");if(e[0]<2&&e[1]<9||1===e[0]&&9===e[1]&&e[2]<1||e[0]>=4)throw new Error("Bootstrap's JavaScript requires at least jQuery v1.9.1 but less than v4.0.0")}(e),t.Util=k,t.Alert=L,t.Button=P,t.Carousel=x,t.Collapse=R,t.Dropdown=Nt,t.Modal=kt,t.Popover=Pt,t.Scrollspy=xt,t.Tab=Rt,t.Tooltip=Lt,Object.defineProperty(t,"__esModule",{value:!0})});
+//# sourceMappingURL=bootstrap.bundle.min.js.map
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/chall/src/js/bootstrap.js b/chall/src/js/bootstrap.js
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..6d9549d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/chall/src/js/bootstrap.js
@@ -0,0 +1,3894 @@
+/*!
+  * Bootstrap v4.0.0 (https://getbootstrap.com)
+  * Copyright 2011-2018 The Bootstrap Authors (https://github.com/twbs/bootstrap/graphs/contributors)
+  * Licensed under MIT (https://github.com/twbs/bootstrap/blob/master/LICENSE)
+  */
+(function (global, factory) {
+	typeof exports === 'object' && typeof module !== 'undefined' ? factory(exports, require('jquery'), require('popper.js')) :
+	typeof define === 'function' && define.amd ? define(['exports', 'jquery', 'popper.js'], factory) :
+	(factory((global.bootstrap = {}),global.jQuery,global.Popper));
+}(this, (function (exports,$,Popper) { 'use strict';
+
+$ = $ && $.hasOwnProperty('default') ? $['default'] : $;
+Popper = Popper && Popper.hasOwnProperty('default') ? Popper['default'] : Popper;
+
+function _defineProperties(target, props) {
+  for (var i = 0; i < props.length; i++) {
+    var descriptor = props[i];
+    descriptor.enumerable = descriptor.enumerable || false;
+    descriptor.configurable = true;
+    if ("value" in descriptor) descriptor.writable = true;
+    Object.defineProperty(target, descriptor.key, descriptor);
+  }
+}
+
+function _createClass(Constructor, protoProps, staticProps) {
+  if (protoProps) _defineProperties(Constructor.prototype, protoProps);
+  if (staticProps) _defineProperties(Constructor, staticProps);
+  return Constructor;
+}
+
+function _extends() {
+  _extends = Object.assign || function (target) {
+    for (var i = 1; i < arguments.length; i++) {
+      var source = arguments[i];
+
+      for (var key in source) {
+        if (Object.prototype.hasOwnProperty.call(source, key)) {
+          target[key] = source[key];
+        }
+      }
+    }
+
+    return target;
+  };
+
+  return _extends.apply(this, arguments);
+}
+
+function _inheritsLoose(subClass, superClass) {
+  subClass.prototype = Object.create(superClass.prototype);
+  subClass.prototype.constructor = subClass;
+  subClass.__proto__ = superClass;
+}
+
+/**
+ * --------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ * Bootstrap (v4.0.0): util.js
+ * Licensed under MIT (https://github.com/twbs/bootstrap/blob/master/LICENSE)
+ * --------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ */
+
+var Util = function ($$$1) {
+  /**
+   * ------------------------------------------------------------------------
+   * Private TransitionEnd Helpers
+   * ------------------------------------------------------------------------
+   */
+  var transition = false;
+  var MAX_UID = 1000000; // Shoutout AngusCroll (https://goo.gl/pxwQGp)
+
+  function toType(obj) {
+    return {}.toString.call(obj).match(/\s([a-zA-Z]+)/)[1].toLowerCase();
+  }
+
+  function getSpecialTransitionEndEvent() {
+    return {
+      bindType: transition.end,
+      delegateType: transition.end,
+      handle: function handle(event) {
+        if ($$$1(event.target).is(this)) {
+          return event.handleObj.handler.apply(this, arguments); // eslint-disable-line prefer-rest-params
+        }
+
+        return undefined; // eslint-disable-line no-undefined
+      }
+    };
+  }
+
+  function transitionEndTest() {
+    if (typeof window !== 'undefined' && window.QUnit) {
+      return false;
+    }
+
+    return {
+      end: 'transitionend'
+    };
+  }
+
+  function transitionEndEmulator(duration) {
+    var _this = this;
+
+    var called = false;
+    $$$1(this).one(Util.TRANSITION_END, function () {
+      called = true;
+    });
+    setTimeout(function () {
+      if (!called) {
+        Util.triggerTransitionEnd(_this);
+      }
+    }, duration);
+    return this;
+  }
+
+  function setTransitionEndSupport() {
+    transition = transitionEndTest();
+    $$$1.fn.emulateTransitionEnd = transitionEndEmulator;
+
+    if (Util.supportsTransitionEnd()) {
+      $$$1.event.special[Util.TRANSITION_END] = getSpecialTransitionEndEvent();
+    }
+  }
+
+  function escapeId(selector) {
+    // We escape IDs in case of special selectors (selector = '#myId:something')
+    // $.escapeSelector does not exist in jQuery < 3
+    selector = typeof $$$1.escapeSelector === 'function' ? $$$1.escapeSelector(selector).substr(1) : selector.replace(/(:|\.|\[|\]|,|=|@)/g, '\\$1');
+    return selector;
+  }
+  /**
+   * --------------------------------------------------------------------------
+   * Public Util Api
+   * --------------------------------------------------------------------------
+   */
+
+
+  var Util = {
+    TRANSITION_END: 'bsTransitionEnd',
+    getUID: function getUID(prefix) {
+      do {
+        // eslint-disable-next-line no-bitwise
+        prefix += ~~(Math.random() * MAX_UID); // "~~" acts like a faster Math.floor() here
+      } while (document.getElementById(prefix));
+
+      return prefix;
+    },
+    getSelectorFromElement: function getSelectorFromElement(element) {
+      var selector = element.getAttribute('data-target');
+
+      if (!selector || selector === '#') {
+        selector = element.getAttribute('href') || '';
+      } // If it's an ID
+
+
+      if (selector.charAt(0) === '#') {
+        selector = escapeId(selector);
+      }
+
+      try {
+        var $selector = $$$1(document).find(selector);
+        return $selector.length > 0 ? selector : null;
+      } catch (err) {
+        return null;
+      }
+    },
+    reflow: function reflow(element) {
+      return element.offsetHeight;
+    },
+    triggerTransitionEnd: function triggerTransitionEnd(element) {
+      $$$1(element).trigger(transition.end);
+    },
+    supportsTransitionEnd: function supportsTransitionEnd() {
+      return Boolean(transition);
+    },
+    isElement: function isElement(obj) {
+      return (obj[0] || obj).nodeType;
+    },
+    typeCheckConfig: function typeCheckConfig(componentName, config, configTypes) {
+      for (var property in configTypes) {
+        if (Object.prototype.hasOwnProperty.call(configTypes, property)) {
+          var expectedTypes = configTypes[property];
+          var value = config[property];
+          var valueType = value && Util.isElement(value) ? 'element' : toType(value);
+
+          if (!new RegExp(expectedTypes).test(valueType)) {
+            throw new Error(componentName.toUpperCase() + ": " + ("Option \"" + property + "\" provided type \"" + valueType + "\" ") + ("but expected type \"" + expectedTypes + "\"."));
+          }
+        }
+      }
+    }
+  };
+  setTransitionEndSupport();
+  return Util;
+}($);
+
+/**
+ * --------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ * Bootstrap (v4.0.0): alert.js
+ * Licensed under MIT (https://github.com/twbs/bootstrap/blob/master/LICENSE)
+ * --------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ */
+
+var Alert = function ($$$1) {
+  /**
+   * ------------------------------------------------------------------------
+   * Constants
+   * ------------------------------------------------------------------------
+   */
+  var NAME = 'alert';
+  var VERSION = '4.0.0';
+  var DATA_KEY = 'bs.alert';
+  var EVENT_KEY = "." + DATA_KEY;
+  var DATA_API_KEY = '.data-api';
+  var JQUERY_NO_CONFLICT = $$$1.fn[NAME];
+  var TRANSITION_DURATION = 150;
+  var Selector = {
+    DISMISS: '[data-dismiss="alert"]'
+  };
+  var Event = {
+    CLOSE: "close" + EVENT_KEY,
+    CLOSED: "closed" + EVENT_KEY,
+    CLICK_DATA_API: "click" + EVENT_KEY + DATA_API_KEY
+  };
+  var ClassName = {
+    ALERT: 'alert',
+    FADE: 'fade',
+    SHOW: 'show'
+    /**
+     * ------------------------------------------------------------------------
+     * Class Definition
+     * ------------------------------------------------------------------------
+     */
+
+  };
+
+  var Alert =
+  /*#__PURE__*/
+  function () {
+    function Alert(element) {
+      this._element = element;
+    } // Getters
+
+
+    var _proto = Alert.prototype;
+
+    // Public
+    _proto.close = function close(element) {
+      element = element || this._element;
+
+      var rootElement = this._getRootElement(element);
+
+      var customEvent = this._triggerCloseEvent(rootElement);
+
+      if (customEvent.isDefaultPrevented()) {
+        return;
+      }
+
+      this._removeElement(rootElement);
+    };
+
+    _proto.dispose = function dispose() {
+      $$$1.removeData(this._element, DATA_KEY);
+      this._element = null;
+    }; // Private
+
+
+    _proto._getRootElement = function _getRootElement(element) {
+      var selector = Util.getSelectorFromElement(element);
+      var parent = false;
+
+      if (selector) {
+        parent = $$$1(selector)[0];
+      }
+
+      if (!parent) {
+        parent = $$$1(element).closest("." + ClassName.ALERT)[0];
+      }
+
+      return parent;
+    };
+
+    _proto._triggerCloseEvent = function _triggerCloseEvent(element) {
+      var closeEvent = $$$1.Event(Event.CLOSE);
+      $$$1(element).trigger(closeEvent);
+      return closeEvent;
+    };
+
+    _proto._removeElement = function _removeElement(element) {
+      var _this = this;
+
+      $$$1(element).removeClass(ClassName.SHOW);
+
+      if (!Util.supportsTransitionEnd() || !$$$1(element).hasClass(ClassName.FADE)) {
+        this._destroyElement(element);
+
+        return;
+      }
+
+      $$$1(element).one(Util.TRANSITION_END, function (event) {
+        return _this._destroyElement(element, event);
+      }).emulateTransitionEnd(TRANSITION_DURATION);
+    };
+
+    _proto._destroyElement = function _destroyElement(element) {
+      $$$1(element).detach().trigger(Event.CLOSED).remove();
+    }; // Static
+
+
+    Alert._jQueryInterface = function _jQueryInterface(config) {
+      return this.each(function () {
+        var $element = $$$1(this);
+        var data = $element.data(DATA_KEY);
+
+        if (!data) {
+          data = new Alert(this);
+          $element.data(DATA_KEY, data);
+        }
+
+        if (config === 'close') {
+          data[config](this);
+        }
+      });
+    };
+
+    Alert._handleDismiss = function _handleDismiss(alertInstance) {
+      return function (event) {
+        if (event) {
+          event.preventDefault();
+        }
+
+        alertInstance.close(this);
+      };
+    };
+
+    _createClass(Alert, null, [{
+      key: "VERSION",
+      get: function get() {
+        return VERSION;
+      }
+    }]);
+    return Alert;
+  }();
+  /**
+   * ------------------------------------------------------------------------
+   * Data Api implementation
+   * ------------------------------------------------------------------------
+   */
+
+
+  $$$1(document).on(Event.CLICK_DATA_API, Selector.DISMISS, Alert._handleDismiss(new Alert()));
+  /**
+   * ------------------------------------------------------------------------
+   * jQuery
+   * ------------------------------------------------------------------------
+   */
+
+  $$$1.fn[NAME] = Alert._jQueryInterface;
+  $$$1.fn[NAME].Constructor = Alert;
+
+  $$$1.fn[NAME].noConflict = function () {
+    $$$1.fn[NAME] = JQUERY_NO_CONFLICT;
+    return Alert._jQueryInterface;
+  };
+
+  return Alert;
+}($);
+
+/**
+ * --------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ * Bootstrap (v4.0.0): button.js
+ * Licensed under MIT (https://github.com/twbs/bootstrap/blob/master/LICENSE)
+ * --------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ */
+
+var Button = function ($$$1) {
+  /**
+   * ------------------------------------------------------------------------
+   * Constants
+   * ------------------------------------------------------------------------
+   */
+  var NAME = 'button';
+  var VERSION = '4.0.0';
+  var DATA_KEY = 'bs.button';
+  var EVENT_KEY = "." + DATA_KEY;
+  var DATA_API_KEY = '.data-api';
+  var JQUERY_NO_CONFLICT = $$$1.fn[NAME];
+  var ClassName = {
+    ACTIVE: 'active',
+    BUTTON: 'btn',
+    FOCUS: 'focus'
+  };
+  var Selector = {
+    DATA_TOGGLE_CARROT: '[data-toggle^="button"]',
+    DATA_TOGGLE: '[data-toggle="buttons"]',
+    INPUT: 'input',
+    ACTIVE: '.active',
+    BUTTON: '.btn'
+  };
+  var Event = {
+    CLICK_DATA_API: "click" + EVENT_KEY + DATA_API_KEY,
+    FOCUS_BLUR_DATA_API: "focus" + EVENT_KEY + DATA_API_KEY + " " + ("blur" + EVENT_KEY + DATA_API_KEY)
+    /**
+     * ------------------------------------------------------------------------
+     * Class Definition
+     * ------------------------------------------------------------------------
+     */
+
+  };
+
+  var Button =
+  /*#__PURE__*/
+  function () {
+    function Button(element) {
+      this._element = element;
+    } // Getters
+
+
+    var _proto = Button.prototype;
+
+    // Public
+    _proto.toggle = function toggle() {
+      var triggerChangeEvent = true;
+      var addAriaPressed = true;
+      var rootElement = $$$1(this._element).closest(Selector.DATA_TOGGLE)[0];
+
+      if (rootElement) {
+        var input = $$$1(this._element).find(Selector.INPUT)[0];
+
+        if (input) {
+          if (input.type === 'radio') {
+            if (input.checked && $$$1(this._element).hasClass(ClassName.ACTIVE)) {
+              triggerChangeEvent = false;
+            } else {
+              var activeElement = $$$1(rootElement).find(Selector.ACTIVE)[0];
+
+              if (activeElement) {
+                $$$1(activeElement).removeClass(ClassName.ACTIVE);
+              }
+            }
+          }
+
+          if (triggerChangeEvent) {
+            if (input.hasAttribute('disabled') || rootElement.hasAttribute('disabled') || input.classList.contains('disabled') || rootElement.classList.contains('disabled')) {
+              return;
+            }
+
+            input.checked = !$$$1(this._element).hasClass(ClassName.ACTIVE);
+            $$$1(input).trigger('change');
+          }
+
+          input.focus();
+          addAriaPressed = false;
+        }
+      }
+
+      if (addAriaPressed) {
+        this._element.setAttribute('aria-pressed', !$$$1(this._element).hasClass(ClassName.ACTIVE));
+      }
+
+      if (triggerChangeEvent) {
+        $$$1(this._element).toggleClass(ClassName.ACTIVE);
+      }
+    };
+
+    _proto.dispose = function dispose() {
+      $$$1.removeData(this._element, DATA_KEY);
+      this._element = null;
+    }; // Static
+
+
+    Button._jQueryInterface = function _jQueryInterface(config) {
+      return this.each(function () {
+        var data = $$$1(this).data(DATA_KEY);
+
+        if (!data) {
+          data = new Button(this);
+          $$$1(this).data(DATA_KEY, data);
+        }
+
+        if (config === 'toggle') {
+          data[config]();
+        }
+      });
+    };
+
+    _createClass(Button, null, [{
+      key: "VERSION",
+      get: function get() {
+        return VERSION;
+      }
+    }]);
+    return Button;
+  }();
+  /**
+   * ------------------------------------------------------------------------
+   * Data Api implementation
+   * ------------------------------------------------------------------------
+   */
+
+
+  $$$1(document).on(Event.CLICK_DATA_API, Selector.DATA_TOGGLE_CARROT, function (event) {
+    event.preventDefault();
+    var button = event.target;
+
+    if (!$$$1(button).hasClass(ClassName.BUTTON)) {
+      button = $$$1(button).closest(Selector.BUTTON);
+    }
+
+    Button._jQueryInterface.call($$$1(button), 'toggle');
+  }).on(Event.FOCUS_BLUR_DATA_API, Selector.DATA_TOGGLE_CARROT, function (event) {
+    var button = $$$1(event.target).closest(Selector.BUTTON)[0];
+    $$$1(button).toggleClass(ClassName.FOCUS, /^focus(in)?$/.test(event.type));
+  });
+  /**
+   * ------------------------------------------------------------------------
+   * jQuery
+   * ------------------------------------------------------------------------
+   */
+
+  $$$1.fn[NAME] = Button._jQueryInterface;
+  $$$1.fn[NAME].Constructor = Button;
+
+  $$$1.fn[NAME].noConflict = function () {
+    $$$1.fn[NAME] = JQUERY_NO_CONFLICT;
+    return Button._jQueryInterface;
+  };
+
+  return Button;
+}($);
+
+/**
+ * --------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ * Bootstrap (v4.0.0): carousel.js
+ * Licensed under MIT (https://github.com/twbs/bootstrap/blob/master/LICENSE)
+ * --------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ */
+
+var Carousel = function ($$$1) {
+  /**
+   * ------------------------------------------------------------------------
+   * Constants
+   * ------------------------------------------------------------------------
+   */
+  var NAME = 'carousel';
+  var VERSION = '4.0.0';
+  var DATA_KEY = 'bs.carousel';
+  var EVENT_KEY = "." + DATA_KEY;
+  var DATA_API_KEY = '.data-api';
+  var JQUERY_NO_CONFLICT = $$$1.fn[NAME];
+  var TRANSITION_DURATION = 600;
+  var ARROW_LEFT_KEYCODE = 37; // KeyboardEvent.which value for left arrow key
+
+  var ARROW_RIGHT_KEYCODE = 39; // KeyboardEvent.which value for right arrow key
+
+  var TOUCHEVENT_COMPAT_WAIT = 500; // Time for mouse compat events to fire after touch
+
+  var Default = {
+    interval: 5000,
+    keyboard: true,
+    slide: false,
+    pause: 'hover',
+    wrap: true
+  };
+  var DefaultType = {
+    interval: '(number|boolean)',
+    keyboard: 'boolean',
+    slide: '(boolean|string)',
+    pause: '(string|boolean)',
+    wrap: 'boolean'
+  };
+  var Direction = {
+    NEXT: 'next',
+    PREV: 'prev',
+    LEFT: 'left',
+    RIGHT: 'right'
+  };
+  var Event = {
+    SLIDE: "slide" + EVENT_KEY,
+    SLID: "slid" + EVENT_KEY,
+    KEYDOWN: "keydown" + EVENT_KEY,
+    MOUSEENTER: "mouseenter" + EVENT_KEY,
+    MOUSELEAVE: "mouseleave" + EVENT_KEY,
+    TOUCHEND: "touchend" + EVENT_KEY,
+    LOAD_DATA_API: "load" + EVENT_KEY + DATA_API_KEY,
+    CLICK_DATA_API: "click" + EVENT_KEY + DATA_API_KEY
+  };
+  var ClassName = {
+    CAROUSEL: 'carousel',
+    ACTIVE: 'active',
+    SLIDE: 'slide',
+    RIGHT: 'carousel-item-right',
+    LEFT: 'carousel-item-left',
+    NEXT: 'carousel-item-next',
+    PREV: 'carousel-item-prev',
+    ITEM: 'carousel-item'
+  };
+  var Selector = {
+    ACTIVE: '.active',
+    ACTIVE_ITEM: '.active.carousel-item',
+    ITEM: '.carousel-item',
+    NEXT_PREV: '.carousel-item-next, .carousel-item-prev',
+    INDICATORS: '.carousel-indicators',
+    DATA_SLIDE: '[data-slide], [data-slide-to]',
+    DATA_RIDE: '[data-ride="carousel"]'
+    /**
+     * ------------------------------------------------------------------------
+     * Class Definition
+     * ------------------------------------------------------------------------
+     */
+
+  };
+
+  var Carousel =
+  /*#__PURE__*/
+  function () {
+    function Carousel(element, config) {
+      this._items = null;
+      this._interval = null;
+      this._activeElement = null;
+      this._isPaused = false;
+      this._isSliding = false;
+      this.touchTimeout = null;
+      this._config = this._getConfig(config);
+      this._element = $$$1(element)[0];
+      this._indicatorsElement = $$$1(this._element).find(Selector.INDICATORS)[0];
+
+      this._addEventListeners();
+    } // Getters
+
+
+    var _proto = Carousel.prototype;
+
+    // Public
+    _proto.next = function next() {
+      if (!this._isSliding) {
+        this._slide(Direction.NEXT);
+      }
+    };
+
+    _proto.nextWhenVisible = function nextWhenVisible() {
+      // Don't call next when the page isn't visible
+      // or the carousel or its parent isn't visible
+      if (!document.hidden && $$$1(this._element).is(':visible') && $$$1(this._element).css('visibility') !== 'hidden') {
+        this.next();
+      }
+    };
+
+    _proto.prev = function prev() {
+      if (!this._isSliding) {
+        this._slide(Direction.PREV);
+      }
+    };
+
+    _proto.pause = function pause(event) {
+      if (!event) {
+        this._isPaused = true;
+      }
+
+      if ($$$1(this._element).find(Selector.NEXT_PREV)[0] && Util.supportsTransitionEnd()) {
+        Util.triggerTransitionEnd(this._element);
+        this.cycle(true);
+      }
+
+      clearInterval(this._interval);
+      this._interval = null;
+    };
+
+    _proto.cycle = function cycle(event) {
+      if (!event) {
+        this._isPaused = false;
+      }
+
+      if (this._interval) {
+        clearInterval(this._interval);
+        this._interval = null;
+      }
+
+      if (this._config.interval && !this._isPaused) {
+        this._interval = setInterval((document.visibilityState ? this.nextWhenVisible : this.next).bind(this), this._config.interval);
+      }
+    };
+
+    _proto.to = function to(index) {
+      var _this = this;
+
+      this._activeElement = $$$1(this._element).find(Selector.ACTIVE_ITEM)[0];
+
+      var activeIndex = this._getItemIndex(this._activeElement);
+
+      if (index > this._items.length - 1 || index < 0) {
+        return;
+      }
+
+      if (this._isSliding) {
+        $$$1(this._element).one(Event.SLID, function () {
+          return _this.to(index);
+        });
+        return;
+      }
+
+      if (activeIndex === index) {
+        this.pause();
+        this.cycle();
+        return;
+      }
+
+      var direction = index > activeIndex ? Direction.NEXT : Direction.PREV;
+
+      this._slide(direction, this._items[index]);
+    };
+
+    _proto.dispose = function dispose() {
+      $$$1(this._element).off(EVENT_KEY);
+      $$$1.removeData(this._element, DATA_KEY);
+      this._items = null;
+      this._config = null;
+      this._element = null;
+      this._interval = null;
+      this._isPaused = null;
+      this._isSliding = null;
+      this._activeElement = null;
+      this._indicatorsElement = null;
+    }; // Private
+
+
+    _proto._getConfig = function _getConfig(config) {
+      config = _extends({}, Default, config);
+      Util.typeCheckConfig(NAME, config, DefaultType);
+      return config;
+    };
+
+    _proto._addEventListeners = function _addEventListeners() {
+      var _this2 = this;
+
+      if (this._config.keyboard) {
+        $$$1(this._element).on(Event.KEYDOWN, function (event) {
+          return _this2._keydown(event);
+        });
+      }
+
+      if (this._config.pause === 'hover') {
+        $$$1(this._element).on(Event.MOUSEENTER, function (event) {
+          return _this2.pause(event);
+        }).on(Event.MOUSELEAVE, function (event) {
+          return _this2.cycle(event);
+        });
+
+        if ('ontouchstart' in document.documentElement) {
+          // If it's a touch-enabled device, mouseenter/leave are fired as
+          // part of the mouse compatibility events on first tap - the carousel
+          // would stop cycling until user tapped out of it;
+          // here, we listen for touchend, explicitly pause the carousel
+          // (as if it's the second time we tap on it, mouseenter compat event
+          // is NOT fired) and after a timeout (to allow for mouse compatibility
+          // events to fire) we explicitly restart cycling
+          $$$1(this._element).on(Event.TOUCHEND, function () {
+            _this2.pause();
+
+            if (_this2.touchTimeout) {
+              clearTimeout(_this2.touchTimeout);
+            }
+
+            _this2.touchTimeout = setTimeout(function (event) {
+              return _this2.cycle(event);
+            }, TOUCHEVENT_COMPAT_WAIT + _this2._config.interval);
+          });
+        }
+      }
+    };
+
+    _proto._keydown = function _keydown(event) {
+      if (/input|textarea/i.test(event.target.tagName)) {
+        return;
+      }
+
+      switch (event.which) {
+        case ARROW_LEFT_KEYCODE:
+          event.preventDefault();
+          this.prev();
+          break;
+
+        case ARROW_RIGHT_KEYCODE:
+          event.preventDefault();
+          this.next();
+          break;
+
+        default:
+      }
+    };
+
+    _proto._getItemIndex = function _getItemIndex(element) {
+      this._items = $$$1.makeArray($$$1(element).parent().find(Selector.ITEM));
+      return this._items.indexOf(element);
+    };
+
+    _proto._getItemByDirection = function _getItemByDirection(direction, activeElement) {
+      var isNextDirection = direction === Direction.NEXT;
+      var isPrevDirection = direction === Direction.PREV;
+
+      var activeIndex = this._getItemIndex(activeElement);
+
+      var lastItemIndex = this._items.length - 1;
+      var isGoingToWrap = isPrevDirection && activeIndex === 0 || isNextDirection && activeIndex === lastItemIndex;
+
+      if (isGoingToWrap && !this._config.wrap) {
+        return activeElement;
+      }
+
+      var delta = direction === Direction.PREV ? -1 : 1;
+      var itemIndex = (activeIndex + delta) % this._items.length;
+      return itemIndex === -1 ? this._items[this._items.length - 1] : this._items[itemIndex];
+    };
+
+    _proto._triggerSlideEvent = function _triggerSlideEvent(relatedTarget, eventDirectionName) {
+      var targetIndex = this._getItemIndex(relatedTarget);
+
+      var fromIndex = this._getItemIndex($$$1(this._element).find(Selector.ACTIVE_ITEM)[0]);
+
+      var slideEvent = $$$1.Event(Event.SLIDE, {
+        relatedTarget: relatedTarget,
+        direction: eventDirectionName,
+        from: fromIndex,
+        to: targetIndex
+      });
+      $$$1(this._element).trigger(slideEvent);
+      return slideEvent;
+    };
+
+    _proto._setActiveIndicatorElement = function _setActiveIndicatorElement(element) {
+      if (this._indicatorsElement) {
+        $$$1(this._indicatorsElement).find(Selector.ACTIVE).removeClass(ClassName.ACTIVE);
+
+        var nextIndicator = this._indicatorsElement.children[this._getItemIndex(element)];
+
+        if (nextIndicator) {
+          $$$1(nextIndicator).addClass(ClassName.ACTIVE);
+        }
+      }
+    };
+
+    _proto._slide = function _slide(direction, element) {
+      var _this3 = this;
+
+      var activeElement = $$$1(this._element).find(Selector.ACTIVE_ITEM)[0];
+
+      var activeElementIndex = this._getItemIndex(activeElement);
+
+      var nextElement = element || activeElement && this._getItemByDirection(direction, activeElement);
+
+      var nextElementIndex = this._getItemIndex(nextElement);
+
+      var isCycling = Boolean(this._interval);
+      var directionalClassName;
+      var orderClassName;
+      var eventDirectionName;
+
+      if (direction === Direction.NEXT) {
+        directionalClassName = ClassName.LEFT;
+        orderClassName = ClassName.NEXT;
+        eventDirectionName = Direction.LEFT;
+      } else {
+        directionalClassName = ClassName.RIGHT;
+        orderClassName = ClassName.PREV;
+        eventDirectionName = Direction.RIGHT;
+      }
+
+      if (nextElement && $$$1(nextElement).hasClass(ClassName.ACTIVE)) {
+        this._isSliding = false;
+        return;
+      }
+
+      var slideEvent = this._triggerSlideEvent(nextElement, eventDirectionName);
+
+      if (slideEvent.isDefaultPrevented()) {
+        return;
+      }
+
+      if (!activeElement || !nextElement) {
+        // Some weirdness is happening, so we bail
+        return;
+      }
+
+      this._isSliding = true;
+
+      if (isCycling) {
+        this.pause();
+      }
+
+      this._setActiveIndicatorElement(nextElement);
+
+      var slidEvent = $$$1.Event(Event.SLID, {
+        relatedTarget: nextElement,
+        direction: eventDirectionName,
+        from: activeElementIndex,
+        to: nextElementIndex
+      });
+
+      if (Util.supportsTransitionEnd() && $$$1(this._element).hasClass(ClassName.SLIDE)) {
+        $$$1(nextElement).addClass(orderClassName);
+        Util.reflow(nextElement);
+        $$$1(activeElement).addClass(directionalClassName);
+        $$$1(nextElement).addClass(directionalClassName);
+        $$$1(activeElement).one(Util.TRANSITION_END, function () {
+          $$$1(nextElement).removeClass(directionalClassName + " " + orderClassName).addClass(ClassName.ACTIVE);
+          $$$1(activeElement).removeClass(ClassName.ACTIVE + " " + orderClassName + " " + directionalClassName);
+          _this3._isSliding = false;
+          setTimeout(function () {
+            return $$$1(_this3._element).trigger(slidEvent);
+          }, 0);
+        }).emulateTransitionEnd(TRANSITION_DURATION);
+      } else {
+        $$$1(activeElement).removeClass(ClassName.ACTIVE);
+        $$$1(nextElement).addClass(ClassName.ACTIVE);
+        this._isSliding = false;
+        $$$1(this._element).trigger(slidEvent);
+      }
+
+      if (isCycling) {
+        this.cycle();
+      }
+    }; // Static
+
+
+    Carousel._jQueryInterface = function _jQueryInterface(config) {
+      return this.each(function () {
+        var data = $$$1(this).data(DATA_KEY);
+
+        var _config = _extends({}, Default, $$$1(this).data());
+
+        if (typeof config === 'object') {
+          _config = _extends({}, _config, config);
+        }
+
+        var action = typeof config === 'string' ? config : _config.slide;
+
+        if (!data) {
+          data = new Carousel(this, _config);
+          $$$1(this).data(DATA_KEY, data);
+        }
+
+        if (typeof config === 'number') {
+          data.to(config);
+        } else if (typeof action === 'string') {
+          if (typeof data[action] === 'undefined') {
+            throw new TypeError("No method named \"" + action + "\"");
+          }
+
+          data[action]();
+        } else if (_config.interval) {
+          data.pause();
+          data.cycle();
+        }
+      });
+    };
+
+    Carousel._dataApiClickHandler = function _dataApiClickHandler(event) {
+      var selector = Util.getSelectorFromElement(this);
+
+      if (!selector) {
+        return;
+      }
+
+      var target = $$$1(selector)[0];
+
+      if (!target || !$$$1(target).hasClass(ClassName.CAROUSEL)) {
+        return;
+      }
+
+      var config = _extends({}, $$$1(target).data(), $$$1(this).data());
+      var slideIndex = this.getAttribute('data-slide-to');
+
+      if (slideIndex) {
+        config.interval = false;
+      }
+
+      Carousel._jQueryInterface.call($$$1(target), config);
+
+      if (slideIndex) {
+        $$$1(target).data(DATA_KEY).to(slideIndex);
+      }
+
+      event.preventDefault();
+    };
+
+    _createClass(Carousel, null, [{
+      key: "VERSION",
+      get: function get() {
+        return VERSION;
+      }
+    }, {
+      key: "Default",
+      get: function get() {
+        return Default;
+      }
+    }]);
+    return Carousel;
+  }();
+  /**
+   * ------------------------------------------------------------------------
+   * Data Api implementation
+   * ------------------------------------------------------------------------
+   */
+
+
+  $$$1(document).on(Event.CLICK_DATA_API, Selector.DATA_SLIDE, Carousel._dataApiClickHandler);
+  $$$1(window).on(Event.LOAD_DATA_API, function () {
+    $$$1(Selector.DATA_RIDE).each(function () {
+      var $carousel = $$$1(this);
+
+      Carousel._jQueryInterface.call($carousel, $carousel.data());
+    });
+  });
+  /**
+   * ------------------------------------------------------------------------
+   * jQuery
+   * ------------------------------------------------------------------------
+   */
+
+  $$$1.fn[NAME] = Carousel._jQueryInterface;
+  $$$1.fn[NAME].Constructor = Carousel;
+
+  $$$1.fn[NAME].noConflict = function () {
+    $$$1.fn[NAME] = JQUERY_NO_CONFLICT;
+    return Carousel._jQueryInterface;
+  };
+
+  return Carousel;
+}($);
+
+/**
+ * --------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ * Bootstrap (v4.0.0): collapse.js
+ * Licensed under MIT (https://github.com/twbs/bootstrap/blob/master/LICENSE)
+ * --------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ */
+
+var Collapse = function ($$$1) {
+  /**
+   * ------------------------------------------------------------------------
+   * Constants
+   * ------------------------------------------------------------------------
+   */
+  var NAME = 'collapse';
+  var VERSION = '4.0.0';
+  var DATA_KEY = 'bs.collapse';
+  var EVENT_KEY = "." + DATA_KEY;
+  var DATA_API_KEY = '.data-api';
+  var JQUERY_NO_CONFLICT = $$$1.fn[NAME];
+  var TRANSITION_DURATION = 600;
+  var Default = {
+    toggle: true,
+    parent: ''
+  };
+  var DefaultType = {
+    toggle: 'boolean',
+    parent: '(string|element)'
+  };
+  var Event = {
+    SHOW: "show" + EVENT_KEY,
+    SHOWN: "shown" + EVENT_KEY,
+    HIDE: "hide" + EVENT_KEY,
+    HIDDEN: "hidden" + EVENT_KEY,
+    CLICK_DATA_API: "click" + EVENT_KEY + DATA_API_KEY
+  };
+  var ClassName = {
+    SHOW: 'show',
+    COLLAPSE: 'collapse',
+    COLLAPSING: 'collapsing',
+    COLLAPSED: 'collapsed'
+  };
+  var Dimension = {
+    WIDTH: 'width',
+    HEIGHT: 'height'
+  };
+  var Selector = {
+    ACTIVES: '.show, .collapsing',
+    DATA_TOGGLE: '[data-toggle="collapse"]'
+    /**
+     * ------------------------------------------------------------------------
+     * Class Definition
+     * ------------------------------------------------------------------------
+     */
+
+  };
+
+  var Collapse =
+  /*#__PURE__*/
+  function () {
+    function Collapse(element, config) {
+      this._isTransitioning = false;
+      this._element = element;
+      this._config = this._getConfig(config);
+      this._triggerArray = $$$1.makeArray($$$1("[data-toggle=\"collapse\"][href=\"#" + element.id + "\"]," + ("[data-toggle=\"collapse\"][data-target=\"#" + element.id + "\"]")));
+      var tabToggles = $$$1(Selector.DATA_TOGGLE);
+
+      for (var i = 0; i < tabToggles.length; i++) {
+        var elem = tabToggles[i];
+        var selector = Util.getSelectorFromElement(elem);
+
+        if (selector !== null && $$$1(selector).filter(element).length > 0) {
+          this._selector = selector;
+
+          this._triggerArray.push(elem);
+        }
+      }
+
+      this._parent = this._config.parent ? this._getParent() : null;
+
+      if (!this._config.parent) {
+        this._addAriaAndCollapsedClass(this._element, this._triggerArray);
+      }
+
+      if (this._config.toggle) {
+        this.toggle();
+      }
+    } // Getters
+
+
+    var _proto = Collapse.prototype;
+
+    // Public
+    _proto.toggle = function toggle() {
+      if ($$$1(this._element).hasClass(ClassName.SHOW)) {
+        this.hide();
+      } else {
+        this.show();
+      }
+    };
+
+    _proto.show = function show() {
+      var _this = this;
+
+      if (this._isTransitioning || $$$1(this._element).hasClass(ClassName.SHOW)) {
+        return;
+      }
+
+      var actives;
+      var activesData;
+
+      if (this._parent) {
+        actives = $$$1.makeArray($$$1(this._parent).find(Selector.ACTIVES).filter("[data-parent=\"" + this._config.parent + "\"]"));
+
+        if (actives.length === 0) {
+          actives = null;
+        }
+      }
+
+      if (actives) {
+        activesData = $$$1(actives).not(this._selector).data(DATA_KEY);
+
+        if (activesData && activesData._isTransitioning) {
+          return;
+        }
+      }
+
+      var startEvent = $$$1.Event(Event.SHOW);
+      $$$1(this._element).trigger(startEvent);
+
+      if (startEvent.isDefaultPrevented()) {
+        return;
+      }
+
+      if (actives) {
+        Collapse._jQueryInterface.call($$$1(actives).not(this._selector), 'hide');
+
+        if (!activesData) {
+          $$$1(actives).data(DATA_KEY, null);
+        }
+      }
+
+      var dimension = this._getDimension();
+
+      $$$1(this._element).removeClass(ClassName.COLLAPSE).addClass(ClassName.COLLAPSING);
+      this._element.style[dimension] = 0;
+
+      if (this._triggerArray.length > 0) {
+        $$$1(this._triggerArray).removeClass(ClassName.COLLAPSED).attr('aria-expanded', true);
+      }
+
+      this.setTransitioning(true);
+
+      var complete = function complete() {
+        $$$1(_this._element).removeClass(ClassName.COLLAPSING).addClass(ClassName.COLLAPSE).addClass(ClassName.SHOW);
+        _this._element.style[dimension] = '';
+
+        _this.setTransitioning(false);
+
+        $$$1(_this._element).trigger(Event.SHOWN);
+      };
+
+      if (!Util.supportsTransitionEnd()) {
+        complete();
+        return;
+      }
+
+      var capitalizedDimension = dimension[0].toUpperCase() + dimension.slice(1);
+      var scrollSize = "scroll" + capitalizedDimension;
+      $$$1(this._element).one(Util.TRANSITION_END, complete).emulateTransitionEnd(TRANSITION_DURATION);
+      this._element.style[dimension] = this._element[scrollSize] + "px";
+    };
+
+    _proto.hide = function hide() {
+      var _this2 = this;
+
+      if (this._isTransitioning || !$$$1(this._element).hasClass(ClassName.SHOW)) {
+        return;
+      }
+
+      var startEvent = $$$1.Event(Event.HIDE);
+      $$$1(this._element).trigger(startEvent);
+
+      if (startEvent.isDefaultPrevented()) {
+        return;
+      }
+
+      var dimension = this._getDimension();
+
+      this._element.style[dimension] = this._element.getBoundingClientRect()[dimension] + "px";
+      Util.reflow(this._element);
+      $$$1(this._element).addClass(ClassName.COLLAPSING).removeClass(ClassName.COLLAPSE).removeClass(ClassName.SHOW);
+
+      if (this._triggerArray.length > 0) {
+        for (var i = 0; i < this._triggerArray.length; i++) {
+          var trigger = this._triggerArray[i];
+          var selector = Util.getSelectorFromElement(trigger);
+
+          if (selector !== null) {
+            var $elem = $$$1(selector);
+
+            if (!$elem.hasClass(ClassName.SHOW)) {
+              $$$1(trigger).addClass(ClassName.COLLAPSED).attr('aria-expanded', false);
+            }
+          }
+        }
+      }
+
+      this.setTransitioning(true);
+
+      var complete = function complete() {
+        _this2.setTransitioning(false);
+
+        $$$1(_this2._element).removeClass(ClassName.COLLAPSING).addClass(ClassName.COLLAPSE).trigger(Event.HIDDEN);
+      };
+
+      this._element.style[dimension] = '';
+
+      if (!Util.supportsTransitionEnd()) {
+        complete();
+        return;
+      }
+
+      $$$1(this._element).one(Util.TRANSITION_END, complete).emulateTransitionEnd(TRANSITION_DURATION);
+    };
+
+    _proto.setTransitioning = function setTransitioning(isTransitioning) {
+      this._isTransitioning = isTransitioning;
+    };
+
+    _proto.dispose = function dispose() {
+      $$$1.removeData(this._element, DATA_KEY);
+      this._config = null;
+      this._parent = null;
+      this._element = null;
+      this._triggerArray = null;
+      this._isTransitioning = null;
+    }; // Private
+
+
+    _proto._getConfig = function _getConfig(config) {
+      config = _extends({}, Default, config);
+      config.toggle = Boolean(config.toggle); // Coerce string values
+
+      Util.typeCheckConfig(NAME, config, DefaultType);
+      return config;
+    };
+
+    _proto._getDimension = function _getDimension() {
+      var hasWidth = $$$1(this._element).hasClass(Dimension.WIDTH);
+      return hasWidth ? Dimension.WIDTH : Dimension.HEIGHT;
+    };
+
+    _proto._getParent = function _getParent() {
+      var _this3 = this;
+
+      var parent = null;
+
+      if (Util.isElement(this._config.parent)) {
+        parent = this._config.parent; // It's a jQuery object
+
+        if (typeof this._config.parent.jquery !== 'undefined') {
+          parent = this._config.parent[0];
+        }
+      } else {
+        parent = $$$1(this._config.parent)[0];
+      }
+
+      var selector = "[data-toggle=\"collapse\"][data-parent=\"" + this._config.parent + "\"]";
+      $$$1(parent).find(selector).each(function (i, element) {
+        _this3._addAriaAndCollapsedClass(Collapse._getTargetFromElement(element), [element]);
+      });
+      return parent;
+    };
+
+    _proto._addAriaAndCollapsedClass = function _addAriaAndCollapsedClass(element, triggerArray) {
+      if (element) {
+        var isOpen = $$$1(element).hasClass(ClassName.SHOW);
+
+        if (triggerArray.length > 0) {
+          $$$1(triggerArray).toggleClass(ClassName.COLLAPSED, !isOpen).attr('aria-expanded', isOpen);
+        }
+      }
+    }; // Static
+
+
+    Collapse._getTargetFromElement = function _getTargetFromElement(element) {
+      var selector = Util.getSelectorFromElement(element);
+      return selector ? $$$1(selector)[0] : null;
+    };
+
+    Collapse._jQueryInterface = function _jQueryInterface(config) {
+      return this.each(function () {
+        var $this = $$$1(this);
+        var data = $this.data(DATA_KEY);
+
+        var _config = _extends({}, Default, $this.data(), typeof config === 'object' && config);
+
+        if (!data && _config.toggle && /show|hide/.test(config)) {
+          _config.toggle = false;
+        }
+
+        if (!data) {
+          data = new Collapse(this, _config);
+          $this.data(DATA_KEY, data);
+        }
+
+        if (typeof config === 'string') {
+          if (typeof data[config] === 'undefined') {
+            throw new TypeError("No method named \"" + config + "\"");
+          }
+
+          data[config]();
+        }
+      });
+    };
+
+    _createClass(Collapse, null, [{
+      key: "VERSION",
+      get: function get() {
+        return VERSION;
+      }
+    }, {
+      key: "Default",
+      get: function get() {
+        return Default;
+      }
+    }]);
+    return Collapse;
+  }();
+  /**
+   * ------------------------------------------------------------------------
+   * Data Api implementation
+   * ------------------------------------------------------------------------
+   */
+
+
+  $$$1(document).on(Event.CLICK_DATA_API, Selector.DATA_TOGGLE, function (event) {
+    // preventDefault only for <a> elements (which change the URL) not inside the collapsible element
+    if (event.currentTarget.tagName === 'A') {
+      event.preventDefault();
+    }
+
+    var $trigger = $$$1(this);
+    var selector = Util.getSelectorFromElement(this);
+    $$$1(selector).each(function () {
+      var $target = $$$1(this);
+      var data = $target.data(DATA_KEY);
+      var config = data ? 'toggle' : $trigger.data();
+
+      Collapse._jQueryInterface.call($target, config);
+    });
+  });
+  /**
+   * ------------------------------------------------------------------------
+   * jQuery
+   * ------------------------------------------------------------------------
+   */
+
+  $$$1.fn[NAME] = Collapse._jQueryInterface;
+  $$$1.fn[NAME].Constructor = Collapse;
+
+  $$$1.fn[NAME].noConflict = function () {
+    $$$1.fn[NAME] = JQUERY_NO_CONFLICT;
+    return Collapse._jQueryInterface;
+  };
+
+  return Collapse;
+}($);
+
+/**
+ * --------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ * Bootstrap (v4.0.0): dropdown.js
+ * Licensed under MIT (https://github.com/twbs/bootstrap/blob/master/LICENSE)
+ * --------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ */
+
+var Dropdown = function ($$$1) {
+  /**
+   * ------------------------------------------------------------------------
+   * Constants
+   * ------------------------------------------------------------------------
+   */
+  var NAME = 'dropdown';
+  var VERSION = '4.0.0';
+  var DATA_KEY = 'bs.dropdown';
+  var EVENT_KEY = "." + DATA_KEY;
+  var DATA_API_KEY = '.data-api';
+  var JQUERY_NO_CONFLICT = $$$1.fn[NAME];
+  var ESCAPE_KEYCODE = 27; // KeyboardEvent.which value for Escape (Esc) key
+
+  var SPACE_KEYCODE = 32; // KeyboardEvent.which value for space key
+
+  var TAB_KEYCODE = 9; // KeyboardEvent.which value for tab key
+
+  var ARROW_UP_KEYCODE = 38; // KeyboardEvent.which value for up arrow key
+
+  var ARROW_DOWN_KEYCODE = 40; // KeyboardEvent.which value for down arrow key
+
+  var RIGHT_MOUSE_BUTTON_WHICH = 3; // MouseEvent.which value for the right button (assuming a right-handed mouse)
+
+  var REGEXP_KEYDOWN = new RegExp(ARROW_UP_KEYCODE + "|" + ARROW_DOWN_KEYCODE + "|" + ESCAPE_KEYCODE);
+  var Event = {
+    HIDE: "hide" + EVENT_KEY,
+    HIDDEN: "hidden" + EVENT_KEY,
+    SHOW: "show" + EVENT_KEY,
+    SHOWN: "shown" + EVENT_KEY,
+    CLICK: "click" + EVENT_KEY,
+    CLICK_DATA_API: "click" + EVENT_KEY + DATA_API_KEY,
+    KEYDOWN_DATA_API: "keydown" + EVENT_KEY + DATA_API_KEY,
+    KEYUP_DATA_API: "keyup" + EVENT_KEY + DATA_API_KEY
+  };
+  var ClassName = {
+    DISABLED: 'disabled',
+    SHOW: 'show',
+    DROPUP: 'dropup',
+    DROPRIGHT: 'dropright',
+    DROPLEFT: 'dropleft',
+    MENURIGHT: 'dropdown-menu-right',
+    MENULEFT: 'dropdown-menu-left',
+    POSITION_STATIC: 'position-static'
+  };
+  var Selector = {
+    DATA_TOGGLE: '[data-toggle="dropdown"]',
+    FORM_CHILD: '.dropdown form',
+    MENU: '.dropdown-menu',
+    NAVBAR_NAV: '.navbar-nav',
+    VISIBLE_ITEMS: '.dropdown-menu .dropdown-item:not(.disabled)'
+  };
+  var AttachmentMap = {
+    TOP: 'top-start',
+    TOPEND: 'top-end',
+    BOTTOM: 'bottom-start',
+    BOTTOMEND: 'bottom-end',
+    RIGHT: 'right-start',
+    RIGHTEND: 'right-end',
+    LEFT: 'left-start',
+    LEFTEND: 'left-end'
+  };
+  var Default = {
+    offset: 0,
+    flip: true,
+    boundary: 'scrollParent'
+  };
+  var DefaultType = {
+    offset: '(number|string|function)',
+    flip: 'boolean',
+    boundary: '(string|element)'
+    /**
+     * ------------------------------------------------------------------------
+     * Class Definition
+     * ------------------------------------------------------------------------
+     */
+
+  };
+
+  var Dropdown =
+  /*#__PURE__*/
+  function () {
+    function Dropdown(element, config) {
+      this._element = element;
+      this._popper = null;
+      this._config = this._getConfig(config);
+      this._menu = this._getMenuElement();
+      this._inNavbar = this._detectNavbar();
+
+      this._addEventListeners();
+    } // Getters
+
+
+    var _proto = Dropdown.prototype;
+
+    // Public
+    _proto.toggle = function toggle() {
+      if (this._element.disabled || $$$1(this._element).hasClass(ClassName.DISABLED)) {
+        return;
+      }
+
+      var parent = Dropdown._getParentFromElement(this._element);
+
+      var isActive = $$$1(this._menu).hasClass(ClassName.SHOW);
+
+      Dropdown._clearMenus();
+
+      if (isActive) {
+        return;
+      }
+
+      var relatedTarget = {
+        relatedTarget: this._element
+      };
+      var showEvent = $$$1.Event(Event.SHOW, relatedTarget);
+      $$$1(parent).trigger(showEvent);
+
+      if (showEvent.isDefaultPrevented()) {
+        return;
+      } // Disable totally Popper.js for Dropdown in Navbar
+
+
+      if (!this._inNavbar) {
+        /**
+         * Check for Popper dependency
+         * Popper - https://popper.js.org
+         */
+        if (typeof Popper === 'undefined') {
+          throw new TypeError('Bootstrap dropdown require Popper.js (https://popper.js.org)');
+        }
+
+        var element = this._element; // For dropup with alignment we use the parent as popper container
+
+        if ($$$1(parent).hasClass(ClassName.DROPUP)) {
+          if ($$$1(this._menu).hasClass(ClassName.MENULEFT) || $$$1(this._menu).hasClass(ClassName.MENURIGHT)) {
+            element = parent;
+          }
+        } // If boundary is not `scrollParent`, then set position to `static`
+        // to allow the menu to "escape" the scroll parent's boundaries
+        // https://github.com/twbs/bootstrap/issues/24251
+
+
+        if (this._config.boundary !== 'scrollParent') {
+          $$$1(parent).addClass(ClassName.POSITION_STATIC);
+        }
+
+        this._popper = new Popper(element, this._menu, this._getPopperConfig());
+      } // If this is a touch-enabled device we add extra
+      // empty mouseover listeners to the body's immediate children;
+      // only needed because of broken event delegation on iOS
+      // https://www.quirksmode.org/blog/archives/2014/02/mouse_event_bub.html
+
+
+      if ('ontouchstart' in document.documentElement && $$$1(parent).closest(Selector.NAVBAR_NAV).length === 0) {
+        $$$1('body').children().on('mouseover', null, $$$1.noop);
+      }
+
+      this._element.focus();
+
+      this._element.setAttribute('aria-expanded', true);
+
+      $$$1(this._menu).toggleClass(ClassName.SHOW);
+      $$$1(parent).toggleClass(ClassName.SHOW).trigger($$$1.Event(Event.SHOWN, relatedTarget));
+    };
+
+    _proto.dispose = function dispose() {
+      $$$1.removeData(this._element, DATA_KEY);
+      $$$1(this._element).off(EVENT_KEY);
+      this._element = null;
+      this._menu = null;
+
+      if (this._popper !== null) {
+        this._popper.destroy();
+
+        this._popper = null;
+      }
+    };
+
+    _proto.update = function update() {
+      this._inNavbar = this._detectNavbar();
+
+      if (this._popper !== null) {
+        this._popper.scheduleUpdate();
+      }
+    }; // Private
+
+
+    _proto._addEventListeners = function _addEventListeners() {
+      var _this = this;
+
+      $$$1(this._element).on(Event.CLICK, function (event) {
+        event.preventDefault();
+        event.stopPropagation();
+
+        _this.toggle();
+      });
+    };
+
+    _proto._getConfig = function _getConfig(config) {
+      config = _extends({}, this.constructor.Default, $$$1(this._element).data(), config);
+      Util.typeCheckConfig(NAME, config, this.constructor.DefaultType);
+      return config;
+    };
+
+    _proto._getMenuElement = function _getMenuElement() {
+      if (!this._menu) {
+        var parent = Dropdown._getParentFromElement(this._element);
+
+        this._menu = $$$1(parent).find(Selector.MENU)[0];
+      }
+
+      return this._menu;
+    };
+
+    _proto._getPlacement = function _getPlacement() {
+      var $parentDropdown = $$$1(this._element).parent();
+      var placement = AttachmentMap.BOTTOM; // Handle dropup
+
+      if ($parentDropdown.hasClass(ClassName.DROPUP)) {
+        placement = AttachmentMap.TOP;
+
+        if ($$$1(this._menu).hasClass(ClassName.MENURIGHT)) {
+          placement = AttachmentMap.TOPEND;
+        }
+      } else if ($parentDropdown.hasClass(ClassName.DROPRIGHT)) {
+        placement = AttachmentMap.RIGHT;
+      } else if ($parentDropdown.hasClass(ClassName.DROPLEFT)) {
+        placement = AttachmentMap.LEFT;
+      } else if ($$$1(this._menu).hasClass(ClassName.MENURIGHT)) {
+        placement = AttachmentMap.BOTTOMEND;
+      }
+
+      return placement;
+    };
+
+    _proto._detectNavbar = function _detectNavbar() {
+      return $$$1(this._element).closest('.navbar').length > 0;
+    };
+
+    _proto._getPopperConfig = function _getPopperConfig() {
+      var _this2 = this;
+
+      var offsetConf = {};
+
+      if (typeof this._config.offset === 'function') {
+        offsetConf.fn = function (data) {
+          data.offsets = _extends({}, data.offsets, _this2._config.offset(data.offsets) || {});
+          return data;
+        };
+      } else {
+        offsetConf.offset = this._config.offset;
+      }
+
+      var popperConfig = {
+        placement: this._getPlacement(),
+        modifiers: {
+          offset: offsetConf,
+          flip: {
+            enabled: this._config.flip
+          },
+          preventOverflow: {
+            boundariesElement: this._config.boundary
+          }
+        }
+      };
+      return popperConfig;
+    }; // Static
+
+
+    Dropdown._jQueryInterface = function _jQueryInterface(config) {
+      return this.each(function () {
+        var data = $$$1(this).data(DATA_KEY);
+
+        var _config = typeof config === 'object' ? config : null;
+
+        if (!data) {
+          data = new Dropdown(this, _config);
+          $$$1(this).data(DATA_KEY, data);
+        }
+
+        if (typeof config === 'string') {
+          if (typeof data[config] === 'undefined') {
+            throw new TypeError("No method named \"" + config + "\"");
+          }
+
+          data[config]();
+        }
+      });
+    };
+
+    Dropdown._clearMenus = function _clearMenus(event) {
+      if (event && (event.which === RIGHT_MOUSE_BUTTON_WHICH || event.type === 'keyup' && event.which !== TAB_KEYCODE)) {
+        return;
+      }
+
+      var toggles = $$$1.makeArray($$$1(Selector.DATA_TOGGLE));
+
+      for (var i = 0; i < toggles.length; i++) {
+        var parent = Dropdown._getParentFromElement(toggles[i]);
+
+        var context = $$$1(toggles[i]).data(DATA_KEY);
+        var relatedTarget = {
+          relatedTarget: toggles[i]
+        };
+
+        if (!context) {
+          continue;
+        }
+
+        var dropdownMenu = context._menu;
+
+        if (!$$$1(parent).hasClass(ClassName.SHOW)) {
+          continue;
+        }
+
+        if (event && (event.type === 'click' && /input|textarea/i.test(event.target.tagName) || event.type === 'keyup' && event.which === TAB_KEYCODE) && $$$1.contains(parent, event.target)) {
+          continue;
+        }
+
+        var hideEvent = $$$1.Event(Event.HIDE, relatedTarget);
+        $$$1(parent).trigger(hideEvent);
+
+        if (hideEvent.isDefaultPrevented()) {
+          continue;
+        } // If this is a touch-enabled device we remove the extra
+        // empty mouseover listeners we added for iOS support
+
+
+        if ('ontouchstart' in document.documentElement) {
+          $$$1('body').children().off('mouseover', null, $$$1.noop);
+        }
+
+        toggles[i].setAttribute('aria-expanded', 'false');
+        $$$1(dropdownMenu).removeClass(ClassName.SHOW);
+        $$$1(parent).removeClass(ClassName.SHOW).trigger($$$1.Event(Event.HIDDEN, relatedTarget));
+      }
+    };
+
+    Dropdown._getParentFromElement = function _getParentFromElement(element) {
+      var parent;
+      var selector = Util.getSelectorFromElement(element);
+
+      if (selector) {
+        parent = $$$1(selector)[0];
+      }
+
+      return parent || element.parentNode;
+    }; // eslint-disable-next-line complexity
+
+
+    Dropdown._dataApiKeydownHandler = function _dataApiKeydownHandler(event) {
+      // If not input/textarea:
+      //  - And not a key in REGEXP_KEYDOWN => not a dropdown command
+      // If input/textarea:
+      //  - If space key => not a dropdown command
+      //  - If key is other than escape
+      //    - If key is not up or down => not a dropdown command
+      //    - If trigger inside the menu => not a dropdown command
+      if (/input|textarea/i.test(event.target.tagName) ? event.which === SPACE_KEYCODE || event.which !== ESCAPE_KEYCODE && (event.which !== ARROW_DOWN_KEYCODE && event.which !== ARROW_UP_KEYCODE || $$$1(event.target).closest(Selector.MENU).length) : !REGEXP_KEYDOWN.test(event.which)) {
+        return;
+      }
+
+      event.preventDefault();
+      event.stopPropagation();
+
+      if (this.disabled || $$$1(this).hasClass(ClassName.DISABLED)) {
+        return;
+      }
+
+      var parent = Dropdown._getParentFromElement(this);
+
+      var isActive = $$$1(parent).hasClass(ClassName.SHOW);
+
+      if (!isActive && (event.which !== ESCAPE_KEYCODE || event.which !== SPACE_KEYCODE) || isActive && (event.which === ESCAPE_KEYCODE || event.which === SPACE_KEYCODE)) {
+        if (event.which === ESCAPE_KEYCODE) {
+          var toggle = $$$1(parent).find(Selector.DATA_TOGGLE)[0];
+          $$$1(toggle).trigger('focus');
+        }
+
+        $$$1(this).trigger('click');
+        return;
+      }
+
+      var items = $$$1(parent).find(Selector.VISIBLE_ITEMS).get();
+
+      if (items.length === 0) {
+        return;
+      }
+
+      var index = items.indexOf(event.target);
+
+      if (event.which === ARROW_UP_KEYCODE && index > 0) {
+        // Up
+        index--;
+      }
+
+      if (event.which === ARROW_DOWN_KEYCODE && index < items.length - 1) {
+        // Down
+        index++;
+      }
+
+      if (index < 0) {
+        index = 0;
+      }
+
+      items[index].focus();
+    };
+
+    _createClass(Dropdown, null, [{
+      key: "VERSION",
+      get: function get() {
+        return VERSION;
+      }
+    }, {
+      key: "Default",
+      get: function get() {
+        return Default;
+      }
+    }, {
+      key: "DefaultType",
+      get: function get() {
+        return DefaultType;
+      }
+    }]);
+    return Dropdown;
+  }();
+  /**
+   * ------------------------------------------------------------------------
+   * Data Api implementation
+   * ------------------------------------------------------------------------
+   */
+
+
+  $$$1(document).on(Event.KEYDOWN_DATA_API, Selector.DATA_TOGGLE, Dropdown._dataApiKeydownHandler).on(Event.KEYDOWN_DATA_API, Selector.MENU, Dropdown._dataApiKeydownHandler).on(Event.CLICK_DATA_API + " " + Event.KEYUP_DATA_API, Dropdown._clearMenus).on(Event.CLICK_DATA_API, Selector.DATA_TOGGLE, function (event) {
+    event.preventDefault();
+    event.stopPropagation();
+
+    Dropdown._jQueryInterface.call($$$1(this), 'toggle');
+  }).on(Event.CLICK_DATA_API, Selector.FORM_CHILD, function (e) {
+    e.stopPropagation();
+  });
+  /**
+   * ------------------------------------------------------------------------
+   * jQuery
+   * ------------------------------------------------------------------------
+   */
+
+  $$$1.fn[NAME] = Dropdown._jQueryInterface;
+  $$$1.fn[NAME].Constructor = Dropdown;
+
+  $$$1.fn[NAME].noConflict = function () {
+    $$$1.fn[NAME] = JQUERY_NO_CONFLICT;
+    return Dropdown._jQueryInterface;
+  };
+
+  return Dropdown;
+}($, Popper);
+
+/**
+ * --------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ * Bootstrap (v4.0.0): modal.js
+ * Licensed under MIT (https://github.com/twbs/bootstrap/blob/master/LICENSE)
+ * --------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ */
+
+var Modal = function ($$$1) {
+  /**
+   * ------------------------------------------------------------------------
+   * Constants
+   * ------------------------------------------------------------------------
+   */
+  var NAME = 'modal';
+  var VERSION = '4.0.0';
+  var DATA_KEY = 'bs.modal';
+  var EVENT_KEY = "." + DATA_KEY;
+  var DATA_API_KEY = '.data-api';
+  var JQUERY_NO_CONFLICT = $$$1.fn[NAME];
+  var TRANSITION_DURATION = 300;
+  var BACKDROP_TRANSITION_DURATION = 150;
+  var ESCAPE_KEYCODE = 27; // KeyboardEvent.which value for Escape (Esc) key
+
+  var Default = {
+    backdrop: true,
+    keyboard: true,
+    focus: true,
+    show: true
+  };
+  var DefaultType = {
+    backdrop: '(boolean|string)',
+    keyboard: 'boolean',
+    focus: 'boolean',
+    show: 'boolean'
+  };
+  var Event = {
+    HIDE: "hide" + EVENT_KEY,
+    HIDDEN: "hidden" + EVENT_KEY,
+    SHOW: "show" + EVENT_KEY,
+    SHOWN: "shown" + EVENT_KEY,
+    FOCUSIN: "focusin" + EVENT_KEY,
+    RESIZE: "resize" + EVENT_KEY,
+    CLICK_DISMISS: "click.dismiss" + EVENT_KEY,
+    KEYDOWN_DISMISS: "keydown.dismiss" + EVENT_KEY,
+    MOUSEUP_DISMISS: "mouseup.dismiss" + EVENT_KEY,
+    MOUSEDOWN_DISMISS: "mousedown.dismiss" + EVENT_KEY,
+    CLICK_DATA_API: "click" + EVENT_KEY + DATA_API_KEY
+  };
+  var ClassName = {
+    SCROLLBAR_MEASURER: 'modal-scrollbar-measure',
+    BACKDROP: 'modal-backdrop',
+    OPEN: 'modal-open',
+    FADE: 'fade',
+    SHOW: 'show'
+  };
+  var Selector = {
+    DIALOG: '.modal-dialog',
+    DATA_TOGGLE: '[data-toggle="modal"]',
+    DATA_DISMISS: '[data-dismiss="modal"]',
+    FIXED_CONTENT: '.fixed-top, .fixed-bottom, .is-fixed, .sticky-top',
+    STICKY_CONTENT: '.sticky-top',
+    NAVBAR_TOGGLER: '.navbar-toggler'
+    /**
+     * ------------------------------------------------------------------------
+     * Class Definition
+     * ------------------------------------------------------------------------
+     */
+
+  };
+
+  var Modal =
+  /*#__PURE__*/
+  function () {
+    function Modal(element, config) {
+      this._config = this._getConfig(config);
+      this._element = element;
+      this._dialog = $$$1(element).find(Selector.DIALOG)[0];
+      this._backdrop = null;
+      this._isShown = false;
+      this._isBodyOverflowing = false;
+      this._ignoreBackdropClick = false;
+      this._originalBodyPadding = 0;
+      this._scrollbarWidth = 0;
+    } // Getters
+
+
+    var _proto = Modal.prototype;
+
+    // Public
+    _proto.toggle = function toggle(relatedTarget) {
+      return this._isShown ? this.hide() : this.show(relatedTarget);
+    };
+
+    _proto.show = function show(relatedTarget) {
+      var _this = this;
+
+      if (this._isTransitioning || this._isShown) {
+        return;
+      }
+
+      if (Util.supportsTransitionEnd() && $$$1(this._element).hasClass(ClassName.FADE)) {
+        this._isTransitioning = true;
+      }
+
+      var showEvent = $$$1.Event(Event.SHOW, {
+        relatedTarget: relatedTarget
+      });
+      $$$1(this._element).trigger(showEvent);
+
+      if (this._isShown || showEvent.isDefaultPrevented()) {
+        return;
+      }
+
+      this._isShown = true;
+
+      this._checkScrollbar();
+
+      this._setScrollbar();
+
+      this._adjustDialog();
+
+      $$$1(document.body).addClass(ClassName.OPEN);
+
+      this._setEscapeEvent();
+
+      this._setResizeEvent();
+
+      $$$1(this._element).on(Event.CLICK_DISMISS, Selector.DATA_DISMISS, function (event) {
+        return _this.hide(event);
+      });
+      $$$1(this._dialog).on(Event.MOUSEDOWN_DISMISS, function () {
+        $$$1(_this._element).one(Event.MOUSEUP_DISMISS, function (event) {
+          if ($$$1(event.target).is(_this._element)) {
+            _this._ignoreBackdropClick = true;
+          }
+        });
+      });
+
+      this._showBackdrop(function () {
+        return _this._showElement(relatedTarget);
+      });
+    };
+
+    _proto.hide = function hide(event) {
+      var _this2 = this;
+
+      if (event) {
+        event.preventDefault();
+      }
+
+      if (this._isTransitioning || !this._isShown) {
+        return;
+      }
+
+      var hideEvent = $$$1.Event(Event.HIDE);
+      $$$1(this._element).trigger(hideEvent);
+
+      if (!this._isShown || hideEvent.isDefaultPrevented()) {
+        return;
+      }
+
+      this._isShown = false;
+      var transition = Util.supportsTransitionEnd() && $$$1(this._element).hasClass(ClassName.FADE);
+
+      if (transition) {
+        this._isTransitioning = true;
+      }
+
+      this._setEscapeEvent();
+
+      this._setResizeEvent();
+
+      $$$1(document).off(Event.FOCUSIN);
+      $$$1(this._element).removeClass(ClassName.SHOW);
+      $$$1(this._element).off(Event.CLICK_DISMISS);
+      $$$1(this._dialog).off(Event.MOUSEDOWN_DISMISS);
+
+      if (transition) {
+        $$$1(this._element).one(Util.TRANSITION_END, function (event) {
+          return _this2._hideModal(event);
+        }).emulateTransitionEnd(TRANSITION_DURATION);
+      } else {
+        this._hideModal();
+      }
+    };
+
+    _proto.dispose = function dispose() {
+      $$$1.removeData(this._element, DATA_KEY);
+      $$$1(window, document, this._element, this._backdrop).off(EVENT_KEY);
+      this._config = null;
+      this._element = null;
+      this._dialog = null;
+      this._backdrop = null;
+      this._isShown = null;
+      this._isBodyOverflowing = null;
+      this._ignoreBackdropClick = null;
+      this._scrollbarWidth = null;
+    };
+
+    _proto.handleUpdate = function handleUpdate() {
+      this._adjustDialog();
+    }; // Private
+
+
+    _proto._getConfig = function _getConfig(config) {
+      config = _extends({}, Default, config);
+      Util.typeCheckConfig(NAME, config, DefaultType);
+      return config;
+    };
+
+    _proto._showElement = function _showElement(relatedTarget) {
+      var _this3 = this;
+
+      var transition = Util.supportsTransitionEnd() && $$$1(this._element).hasClass(ClassName.FADE);
+
+      if (!this._element.parentNode || this._element.parentNode.nodeType !== Node.ELEMENT_NODE) {
+        // Don't move modal's DOM position
+        document.body.appendChild(this._element);
+      }
+
+      this._element.style.display = 'block';
+
+      this._element.removeAttribute('aria-hidden');
+
+      this._element.scrollTop = 0;
+
+      if (transition) {
+        Util.reflow(this._element);
+      }
+
+      $$$1(this._element).addClass(ClassName.SHOW);
+
+      if (this._config.focus) {
+        this._enforceFocus();
+      }
+
+      var shownEvent = $$$1.Event(Event.SHOWN, {
+        relatedTarget: relatedTarget
+      });
+
+      var transitionComplete = function transitionComplete() {
+        if (_this3._config.focus) {
+          _this3._element.focus();
+        }
+
+        _this3._isTransitioning = false;
+        $$$1(_this3._element).trigger(shownEvent);
+      };
+
+      if (transition) {
+        $$$1(this._dialog).one(Util.TRANSITION_END, transitionComplete).emulateTransitionEnd(TRANSITION_DURATION);
+      } else {
+        transitionComplete();
+      }
+    };
+
+    _proto._enforceFocus = function _enforceFocus() {
+      var _this4 = this;
+
+      $$$1(document).off(Event.FOCUSIN) // Guard against infinite focus loop
+      .on(Event.FOCUSIN, function (event) {
+        if (document !== event.target && _this4._element !== event.target && $$$1(_this4._element).has(event.target).length === 0) {
+          _this4._element.focus();
+        }
+      });
+    };
+
+    _proto._setEscapeEvent = function _setEscapeEvent() {
+      var _this5 = this;
+
+      if (this._isShown && this._config.keyboard) {
+        $$$1(this._element).on(Event.KEYDOWN_DISMISS, function (event) {
+          if (event.which === ESCAPE_KEYCODE) {
+            event.preventDefault();
+
+            _this5.hide();
+          }
+        });
+      } else if (!this._isShown) {
+        $$$1(this._element).off(Event.KEYDOWN_DISMISS);
+      }
+    };
+
+    _proto._setResizeEvent = function _setResizeEvent() {
+      var _this6 = this;
+
+      if (this._isShown) {
+        $$$1(window).on(Event.RESIZE, function (event) {
+          return _this6.handleUpdate(event);
+        });
+      } else {
+        $$$1(window).off(Event.RESIZE);
+      }
+    };
+
+    _proto._hideModal = function _hideModal() {
+      var _this7 = this;
+
+      this._element.style.display = 'none';
+
+      this._element.setAttribute('aria-hidden', true);
+
+      this._isTransitioning = false;
+
+      this._showBackdrop(function () {
+        $$$1(document.body).removeClass(ClassName.OPEN);
+
+        _this7._resetAdjustments();
+
+        _this7._resetScrollbar();
+
+        $$$1(_this7._element).trigger(Event.HIDDEN);
+      });
+    };
+
+    _proto._removeBackdrop = function _removeBackdrop() {
+      if (this._backdrop) {
+        $$$1(this._backdrop).remove();
+        this._backdrop = null;
+      }
+    };
+
+    _proto._showBackdrop = function _showBackdrop(callback) {
+      var _this8 = this;
+
+      var animate = $$$1(this._element).hasClass(ClassName.FADE) ? ClassName.FADE : '';
+
+      if (this._isShown && this._config.backdrop) {
+        var doAnimate = Util.supportsTransitionEnd() && animate;
+        this._backdrop = document.createElement('div');
+        this._backdrop.className = ClassName.BACKDROP;
+
+        if (animate) {
+          $$$1(this._backdrop).addClass(animate);
+        }
+
+        $$$1(this._backdrop).appendTo(document.body);
+        $$$1(this._element).on(Event.CLICK_DISMISS, function (event) {
+          if (_this8._ignoreBackdropClick) {
+            _this8._ignoreBackdropClick = false;
+            return;
+          }
+
+          if (event.target !== event.currentTarget) {
+            return;
+          }
+
+          if (_this8._config.backdrop === 'static') {
+            _this8._element.focus();
+          } else {
+            _this8.hide();
+          }
+        });
+
+        if (doAnimate) {
+          Util.reflow(this._backdrop);
+        }
+
+        $$$1(this._backdrop).addClass(ClassName.SHOW);
+
+        if (!callback) {
+          return;
+        }
+
+        if (!doAnimate) {
+          callback();
+          return;
+        }
+
+        $$$1(this._backdrop).one(Util.TRANSITION_END, callback).emulateTransitionEnd(BACKDROP_TRANSITION_DURATION);
+      } else if (!this._isShown && this._backdrop) {
+        $$$1(this._backdrop).removeClass(ClassName.SHOW);
+
+        var callbackRemove = function callbackRemove() {
+          _this8._removeBackdrop();
+
+          if (callback) {
+            callback();
+          }
+        };
+
+        if (Util.supportsTransitionEnd() && $$$1(this._element).hasClass(ClassName.FADE)) {
+          $$$1(this._backdrop).one(Util.TRANSITION_END, callbackRemove).emulateTransitionEnd(BACKDROP_TRANSITION_DURATION);
+        } else {
+          callbackRemove();
+        }
+      } else if (callback) {
+        callback();
+      }
+    }; // ----------------------------------------------------------------------
+    // the following methods are used to handle overflowing modals
+    // todo (fat): these should probably be refactored out of modal.js
+    // ----------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+
+    _proto._adjustDialog = function _adjustDialog() {
+      var isModalOverflowing = this._element.scrollHeight > document.documentElement.clientHeight;
+
+      if (!this._isBodyOverflowing && isModalOverflowing) {
+        this._element.style.paddingLeft = this._scrollbarWidth + "px";
+      }
+
+      if (this._isBodyOverflowing && !isModalOverflowing) {
+        this._element.style.paddingRight = this._scrollbarWidth + "px";
+      }
+    };
+
+    _proto._resetAdjustments = function _resetAdjustments() {
+      this._element.style.paddingLeft = '';
+      this._element.style.paddingRight = '';
+    };
+
+    _proto._checkScrollbar = function _checkScrollbar() {
+      var rect = document.body.getBoundingClientRect();
+      this._isBodyOverflowing = rect.left + rect.right < window.innerWidth;
+      this._scrollbarWidth = this._getScrollbarWidth();
+    };
+
+    _proto._setScrollbar = function _setScrollbar() {
+      var _this9 = this;
+
+      if (this._isBodyOverflowing) {
+        // Note: DOMNode.style.paddingRight returns the actual value or '' if not set
+        //   while $(DOMNode).css('padding-right') returns the calculated value or 0 if not set
+        // Adjust fixed content padding
+        $$$1(Selector.FIXED_CONTENT).each(function (index, element) {
+          var actualPadding = $$$1(element)[0].style.paddingRight;
+          var calculatedPadding = $$$1(element).css('padding-right');
+          $$$1(element).data('padding-right', actualPadding).css('padding-right', parseFloat(calculatedPadding) + _this9._scrollbarWidth + "px");
+        }); // Adjust sticky content margin
+
+        $$$1(Selector.STICKY_CONTENT).each(function (index, element) {
+          var actualMargin = $$$1(element)[0].style.marginRight;
+          var calculatedMargin = $$$1(element).css('margin-right');
+          $$$1(element).data('margin-right', actualMargin).css('margin-right', parseFloat(calculatedMargin) - _this9._scrollbarWidth + "px");
+        }); // Adjust navbar-toggler margin
+
+        $$$1(Selector.NAVBAR_TOGGLER).each(function (index, element) {
+          var actualMargin = $$$1(element)[0].style.marginRight;
+          var calculatedMargin = $$$1(element).css('margin-right');
+          $$$1(element).data('margin-right', actualMargin).css('margin-right', parseFloat(calculatedMargin) + _this9._scrollbarWidth + "px");
+        }); // Adjust body padding
+
+        var actualPadding = document.body.style.paddingRight;
+        var calculatedPadding = $$$1('body').css('padding-right');
+        $$$1('body').data('padding-right', actualPadding).css('padding-right', parseFloat(calculatedPadding) + this._scrollbarWidth + "px");
+      }
+    };
+
+    _proto._resetScrollbar = function _resetScrollbar() {
+      // Restore fixed content padding
+      $$$1(Selector.FIXED_CONTENT).each(function (index, element) {
+        var padding = $$$1(element).data('padding-right');
+
+        if (typeof padding !== 'undefined') {
+          $$$1(element).css('padding-right', padding).removeData('padding-right');
+        }
+      }); // Restore sticky content and navbar-toggler margin
+
+      $$$1(Selector.STICKY_CONTENT + ", " + Selector.NAVBAR_TOGGLER).each(function (index, element) {
+        var margin = $$$1(element).data('margin-right');
+
+        if (typeof margin !== 'undefined') {
+          $$$1(element).css('margin-right', margin).removeData('margin-right');
+        }
+      }); // Restore body padding
+
+      var padding = $$$1('body').data('padding-right');
+
+      if (typeof padding !== 'undefined') {
+        $$$1('body').css('padding-right', padding).removeData('padding-right');
+      }
+    };
+
+    _proto._getScrollbarWidth = function _getScrollbarWidth() {
+      // thx d.walsh
+      var scrollDiv = document.createElement('div');
+      scrollDiv.className = ClassName.SCROLLBAR_MEASURER;
+      document.body.appendChild(scrollDiv);
+      var scrollbarWidth = scrollDiv.getBoundingClientRect().width - scrollDiv.clientWidth;
+      document.body.removeChild(scrollDiv);
+      return scrollbarWidth;
+    }; // Static
+
+
+    Modal._jQueryInterface = function _jQueryInterface(config, relatedTarget) {
+      return this.each(function () {
+        var data = $$$1(this).data(DATA_KEY);
+
+        var _config = _extends({}, Modal.Default, $$$1(this).data(), typeof config === 'object' && config);
+
+        if (!data) {
+          data = new Modal(this, _config);
+          $$$1(this).data(DATA_KEY, data);
+        }
+
+        if (typeof config === 'string') {
+          if (typeof data[config] === 'undefined') {
+            throw new TypeError("No method named \"" + config + "\"");
+          }
+
+          data[config](relatedTarget);
+        } else if (_config.show) {
+          data.show(relatedTarget);
+        }
+      });
+    };
+
+    _createClass(Modal, null, [{
+      key: "VERSION",
+      get: function get() {
+        return VERSION;
+      }
+    }, {
+      key: "Default",
+      get: function get() {
+        return Default;
+      }
+    }]);
+    return Modal;
+  }();
+  /**
+   * ------------------------------------------------------------------------
+   * Data Api implementation
+   * ------------------------------------------------------------------------
+   */
+
+
+  $$$1(document).on(Event.CLICK_DATA_API, Selector.DATA_TOGGLE, function (event) {
+    var _this10 = this;
+
+    var target;
+    var selector = Util.getSelectorFromElement(this);
+
+    if (selector) {
+      target = $$$1(selector)[0];
+    }
+
+    var config = $$$1(target).data(DATA_KEY) ? 'toggle' : _extends({}, $$$1(target).data(), $$$1(this).data());
+
+    if (this.tagName === 'A' || this.tagName === 'AREA') {
+      event.preventDefault();
+    }
+
+    var $target = $$$1(target).one(Event.SHOW, function (showEvent) {
+      if (showEvent.isDefaultPrevented()) {
+        // Only register focus restorer if modal will actually get shown
+        return;
+      }
+
+      $target.one(Event.HIDDEN, function () {
+        if ($$$1(_this10).is(':visible')) {
+          _this10.focus();
+        }
+      });
+    });
+
+    Modal._jQueryInterface.call($$$1(target), config, this);
+  });
+  /**
+   * ------------------------------------------------------------------------
+   * jQuery
+   * ------------------------------------------------------------------------
+   */
+
+  $$$1.fn[NAME] = Modal._jQueryInterface;
+  $$$1.fn[NAME].Constructor = Modal;
+
+  $$$1.fn[NAME].noConflict = function () {
+    $$$1.fn[NAME] = JQUERY_NO_CONFLICT;
+    return Modal._jQueryInterface;
+  };
+
+  return Modal;
+}($);
+
+/**
+ * --------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ * Bootstrap (v4.0.0): tooltip.js
+ * Licensed under MIT (https://github.com/twbs/bootstrap/blob/master/LICENSE)
+ * --------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ */
+
+var Tooltip = function ($$$1) {
+  /**
+   * ------------------------------------------------------------------------
+   * Constants
+   * ------------------------------------------------------------------------
+   */
+  var NAME = 'tooltip';
+  var VERSION = '4.0.0';
+  var DATA_KEY = 'bs.tooltip';
+  var EVENT_KEY = "." + DATA_KEY;
+  var JQUERY_NO_CONFLICT = $$$1.fn[NAME];
+  var TRANSITION_DURATION = 150;
+  var CLASS_PREFIX = 'bs-tooltip';
+  var BSCLS_PREFIX_REGEX = new RegExp("(^|\\s)" + CLASS_PREFIX + "\\S+", 'g');
+  var DefaultType = {
+    animation: 'boolean',
+    template: 'string',
+    title: '(string|element|function)',
+    trigger: 'string',
+    delay: '(number|object)',
+    html: 'boolean',
+    selector: '(string|boolean)',
+    placement: '(string|function)',
+    offset: '(number|string)',
+    container: '(string|element|boolean)',
+    fallbackPlacement: '(string|array)',
+    boundary: '(string|element)'
+  };
+  var AttachmentMap = {
+    AUTO: 'auto',
+    TOP: 'top',
+    RIGHT: 'right',
+    BOTTOM: 'bottom',
+    LEFT: 'left'
+  };
+  var Default = {
+    animation: true,
+    template: '<div class="tooltip" role="tooltip">' + '<div class="arrow"></div>' + '<div class="tooltip-inner"></div></div>',
+    trigger: 'hover focus',
+    title: '',
+    delay: 0,
+    html: false,
+    selector: false,
+    placement: 'top',
+    offset: 0,
+    container: false,
+    fallbackPlacement: 'flip',
+    boundary: 'scrollParent'
+  };
+  var HoverState = {
+    SHOW: 'show',
+    OUT: 'out'
+  };
+  var Event = {
+    HIDE: "hide" + EVENT_KEY,
+    HIDDEN: "hidden" + EVENT_KEY,
+    SHOW: "show" + EVENT_KEY,
+    SHOWN: "shown" + EVENT_KEY,
+    INSERTED: "inserted" + EVENT_KEY,
+    CLICK: "click" + EVENT_KEY,
+    FOCUSIN: "focusin" + EVENT_KEY,
+    FOCUSOUT: "focusout" + EVENT_KEY,
+    MOUSEENTER: "mouseenter" + EVENT_KEY,
+    MOUSELEAVE: "mouseleave" + EVENT_KEY
+  };
+  var ClassName = {
+    FADE: 'fade',
+    SHOW: 'show'
+  };
+  var Selector = {
+    TOOLTIP: '.tooltip',
+    TOOLTIP_INNER: '.tooltip-inner',
+    ARROW: '.arrow'
+  };
+  var Trigger = {
+    HOVER: 'hover',
+    FOCUS: 'focus',
+    CLICK: 'click',
+    MANUAL: 'manual'
+    /**
+     * ------------------------------------------------------------------------
+     * Class Definition
+     * ------------------------------------------------------------------------
+     */
+
+  };
+
+  var Tooltip =
+  /*#__PURE__*/
+  function () {
+    function Tooltip(element, config) {
+      /**
+       * Check for Popper dependency
+       * Popper - https://popper.js.org
+       */
+      if (typeof Popper === 'undefined') {
+        throw new TypeError('Bootstrap tooltips require Popper.js (https://popper.js.org)');
+      } // private
+
+
+      this._isEnabled = true;
+      this._timeout = 0;
+      this._hoverState = '';
+      this._activeTrigger = {};
+      this._popper = null; // Protected
+
+      this.element = element;
+      this.config = this._getConfig(config);
+      this.tip = null;
+
+      this._setListeners();
+    } // Getters
+
+
+    var _proto = Tooltip.prototype;
+
+    // Public
+    _proto.enable = function enable() {
+      this._isEnabled = true;
+    };
+
+    _proto.disable = function disable() {
+      this._isEnabled = false;
+    };
+
+    _proto.toggleEnabled = function toggleEnabled() {
+      this._isEnabled = !this._isEnabled;
+    };
+
+    _proto.toggle = function toggle(event) {
+      if (!this._isEnabled) {
+        return;
+      }
+
+      if (event) {
+        var dataKey = this.constructor.DATA_KEY;
+        var context = $$$1(event.currentTarget).data(dataKey);
+
+        if (!context) {
+          context = new this.constructor(event.currentTarget, this._getDelegateConfig());
+          $$$1(event.currentTarget).data(dataKey, context);
+        }
+
+        context._activeTrigger.click = !context._activeTrigger.click;
+
+        if (context._isWithActiveTrigger()) {
+          context._enter(null, context);
+        } else {
+          context._leave(null, context);
+        }
+      } else {
+        if ($$$1(this.getTipElement()).hasClass(ClassName.SHOW)) {
+          this._leave(null, this);
+
+          return;
+        }
+
+        this._enter(null, this);
+      }
+    };
+
+    _proto.dispose = function dispose() {
+      clearTimeout(this._timeout);
+      $$$1.removeData(this.element, this.constructor.DATA_KEY);
+      $$$1(this.element).off(this.constructor.EVENT_KEY);
+      $$$1(this.element).closest('.modal').off('hide.bs.modal');
+
+      if (this.tip) {
+        $$$1(this.tip).remove();
+      }
+
+      this._isEnabled = null;
+      this._timeout = null;
+      this._hoverState = null;
+      this._activeTrigger = null;
+
+      if (this._popper !== null) {
+        this._popper.destroy();
+      }
+
+      this._popper = null;
+      this.element = null;
+      this.config = null;
+      this.tip = null;
+    };
+
+    _proto.show = function show() {
+      var _this = this;
+
+      if ($$$1(this.element).css('display') === 'none') {
+        throw new Error('Please use show on visible elements');
+      }
+
+      var showEvent = $$$1.Event(this.constructor.Event.SHOW);
+
+      if (this.isWithContent() && this._isEnabled) {
+        $$$1(this.element).trigger(showEvent);
+        var isInTheDom = $$$1.contains(this.element.ownerDocument.documentElement, this.element);
+
+        if (showEvent.isDefaultPrevented() || !isInTheDom) {
+          return;
+        }
+
+        var tip = this.getTipElement();
+        var tipId = Util.getUID(this.constructor.NAME);
+        tip.setAttribute('id', tipId);
+        this.element.setAttribute('aria-describedby', tipId);
+        this.setContent();
+
+        if (this.config.animation) {
+          $$$1(tip).addClass(ClassName.FADE);
+        }
+
+        var placement = typeof this.config.placement === 'function' ? this.config.placement.call(this, tip, this.element) : this.config.placement;
+
+        var attachment = this._getAttachment(placement);
+
+        this.addAttachmentClass(attachment);
+        var container = this.config.container === false ? document.body : $$$1(this.config.container);
+        $$$1(tip).data(this.constructor.DATA_KEY, this);
+
+        if (!$$$1.contains(this.element.ownerDocument.documentElement, this.tip)) {
+          $$$1(tip).appendTo(container);
+        }
+
+        $$$1(this.element).trigger(this.constructor.Event.INSERTED);
+        this._popper = new Popper(this.element, tip, {
+          placement: attachment,
+          modifiers: {
+            offset: {
+              offset: this.config.offset
+            },
+            flip: {
+              behavior: this.config.fallbackPlacement
+            },
+            arrow: {
+              element: Selector.ARROW
+            },
+            preventOverflow: {
+              boundariesElement: this.config.boundary
+            }
+          },
+          onCreate: function onCreate(data) {
+            if (data.originalPlacement !== data.placement) {
+              _this._handlePopperPlacementChange(data);
+            }
+          },
+          onUpdate: function onUpdate(data) {
+            _this._handlePopperPlacementChange(data);
+          }
+        });
+        $$$1(tip).addClass(ClassName.SHOW); // If this is a touch-enabled device we add extra
+        // empty mouseover listeners to the body's immediate children;
+        // only needed because of broken event delegation on iOS
+        // https://www.quirksmode.org/blog/archives/2014/02/mouse_event_bub.html
+
+        if ('ontouchstart' in document.documentElement) {
+          $$$1('body').children().on('mouseover', null, $$$1.noop);
+        }
+
+        var complete = function complete() {
+          if (_this.config.animation) {
+            _this._fixTransition();
+          }
+
+          var prevHoverState = _this._hoverState;
+          _this._hoverState = null;
+          $$$1(_this.element).trigger(_this.constructor.Event.SHOWN);
+
+          if (prevHoverState === HoverState.OUT) {
+            _this._leave(null, _this);
+          }
+        };
+
+        if (Util.supportsTransitionEnd() && $$$1(this.tip).hasClass(ClassName.FADE)) {
+          $$$1(this.tip).one(Util.TRANSITION_END, complete).emulateTransitionEnd(Tooltip._TRANSITION_DURATION);
+        } else {
+          complete();
+        }
+      }
+    };
+
+    _proto.hide = function hide(callback) {
+      var _this2 = this;
+
+      var tip = this.getTipElement();
+      var hideEvent = $$$1.Event(this.constructor.Event.HIDE);
+
+      var complete = function complete() {
+        if (_this2._hoverState !== HoverState.SHOW && tip.parentNode) {
+          tip.parentNode.removeChild(tip);
+        }
+
+        _this2._cleanTipClass();
+
+        _this2.element.removeAttribute('aria-describedby');
+
+        $$$1(_this2.element).trigger(_this2.constructor.Event.HIDDEN);
+
+        if (_this2._popper !== null) {
+          _this2._popper.destroy();
+        }
+
+        if (callback) {
+          callback();
+        }
+      };
+
+      $$$1(this.element).trigger(hideEvent);
+
+      if (hideEvent.isDefaultPrevented()) {
+        return;
+      }
+
+      $$$1(tip).removeClass(ClassName.SHOW); // If this is a touch-enabled device we remove the extra
+      // empty mouseover listeners we added for iOS support
+
+      if ('ontouchstart' in document.documentElement) {
+        $$$1('body').children().off('mouseover', null, $$$1.noop);
+      }
+
+      this._activeTrigger[Trigger.CLICK] = false;
+      this._activeTrigger[Trigger.FOCUS] = false;
+      this._activeTrigger[Trigger.HOVER] = false;
+
+      if (Util.supportsTransitionEnd() && $$$1(this.tip).hasClass(ClassName.FADE)) {
+        $$$1(tip).one(Util.TRANSITION_END, complete).emulateTransitionEnd(TRANSITION_DURATION);
+      } else {
+        complete();
+      }
+
+      this._hoverState = '';
+    };
+
+    _proto.update = function update() {
+      if (this._popper !== null) {
+        this._popper.scheduleUpdate();
+      }
+    }; // Protected
+
+
+    _proto.isWithContent = function isWithContent() {
+      return Boolean(this.getTitle());
+    };
+
+    _proto.addAttachmentClass = function addAttachmentClass(attachment) {
+      $$$1(this.getTipElement()).addClass(CLASS_PREFIX + "-" + attachment);
+    };
+
+    _proto.getTipElement = function getTipElement() {
+      this.tip = this.tip || $$$1(this.config.template)[0];
+      return this.tip;
+    };
+
+    _proto.setContent = function setContent() {
+      var $tip = $$$1(this.getTipElement());
+      this.setElementContent($tip.find(Selector.TOOLTIP_INNER), this.getTitle());
+      $tip.removeClass(ClassName.FADE + " " + ClassName.SHOW);
+    };
+
+    _proto.setElementContent = function setElementContent($element, content) {
+      var html = this.config.html;
+
+      if (typeof content === 'object' && (content.nodeType || content.jquery)) {
+        // Content is a DOM node or a jQuery
+        if (html) {
+          if (!$$$1(content).parent().is($element)) {
+            $element.empty().append(content);
+          }
+        } else {
+          $element.text($$$1(content).text());
+        }
+      } else {
+        $element[html ? 'html' : 'text'](content);
+      }
+    };
+
+    _proto.getTitle = function getTitle() {
+      var title = this.element.getAttribute('data-original-title');
+
+      if (!title) {
+        title = typeof this.config.title === 'function' ? this.config.title.call(this.element) : this.config.title;
+      }
+
+      return title;
+    }; // Private
+
+
+    _proto._getAttachment = function _getAttachment(placement) {
+      return AttachmentMap[placement.toUpperCase()];
+    };
+
+    _proto._setListeners = function _setListeners() {
+      var _this3 = this;
+
+      var triggers = this.config.trigger.split(' ');
+      triggers.forEach(function (trigger) {
+        if (trigger === 'click') {
+          $$$1(_this3.element).on(_this3.constructor.Event.CLICK, _this3.config.selector, function (event) {
+            return _this3.toggle(event);
+          });
+        } else if (trigger !== Trigger.MANUAL) {
+          var eventIn = trigger === Trigger.HOVER ? _this3.constructor.Event.MOUSEENTER : _this3.constructor.Event.FOCUSIN;
+          var eventOut = trigger === Trigger.HOVER ? _this3.constructor.Event.MOUSELEAVE : _this3.constructor.Event.FOCUSOUT;
+          $$$1(_this3.element).on(eventIn, _this3.config.selector, function (event) {
+            return _this3._enter(event);
+          }).on(eventOut, _this3.config.selector, function (event) {
+            return _this3._leave(event);
+          });
+        }
+
+        $$$1(_this3.element).closest('.modal').on('hide.bs.modal', function () {
+          return _this3.hide();
+        });
+      });
+
+      if (this.config.selector) {
+        this.config = _extends({}, this.config, {
+          trigger: 'manual',
+          selector: ''
+        });
+      } else {
+        this._fixTitle();
+      }
+    };
+
+    _proto._fixTitle = function _fixTitle() {
+      var titleType = typeof this.element.getAttribute('data-original-title');
+
+      if (this.element.getAttribute('title') || titleType !== 'string') {
+        this.element.setAttribute('data-original-title', this.element.getAttribute('title') || '');
+        this.element.setAttribute('title', '');
+      }
+    };
+
+    _proto._enter = function _enter(event, context) {
+      var dataKey = this.constructor.DATA_KEY;
+      context = context || $$$1(event.currentTarget).data(dataKey);
+
+      if (!context) {
+        context = new this.constructor(event.currentTarget, this._getDelegateConfig());
+        $$$1(event.currentTarget).data(dataKey, context);
+      }
+
+      if (event) {
+        context._activeTrigger[event.type === 'focusin' ? Trigger.FOCUS : Trigger.HOVER] = true;
+      }
+
+      if ($$$1(context.getTipElement()).hasClass(ClassName.SHOW) || context._hoverState === HoverState.SHOW) {
+        context._hoverState = HoverState.SHOW;
+        return;
+      }
+
+      clearTimeout(context._timeout);
+      context._hoverState = HoverState.SHOW;
+
+      if (!context.config.delay || !context.config.delay.show) {
+        context.show();
+        return;
+      }
+
+      context._timeout = setTimeout(function () {
+        if (context._hoverState === HoverState.SHOW) {
+          context.show();
+        }
+      }, context.config.delay.show);
+    };
+
+    _proto._leave = function _leave(event, context) {
+      var dataKey = this.constructor.DATA_KEY;
+      context = context || $$$1(event.currentTarget).data(dataKey);
+
+      if (!context) {
+        context = new this.constructor(event.currentTarget, this._getDelegateConfig());
+        $$$1(event.currentTarget).data(dataKey, context);
+      }
+
+      if (event) {
+        context._activeTrigger[event.type === 'focusout' ? Trigger.FOCUS : Trigger.HOVER] = false;
+      }
+
+      if (context._isWithActiveTrigger()) {
+        return;
+      }
+
+      clearTimeout(context._timeout);
+      context._hoverState = HoverState.OUT;
+
+      if (!context.config.delay || !context.config.delay.hide) {
+        context.hide();
+        return;
+      }
+
+      context._timeout = setTimeout(function () {
+        if (context._hoverState === HoverState.OUT) {
+          context.hide();
+        }
+      }, context.config.delay.hide);
+    };
+
+    _proto._isWithActiveTrigger = function _isWithActiveTrigger() {
+      for (var trigger in this._activeTrigger) {
+        if (this._activeTrigger[trigger]) {
+          return true;
+        }
+      }
+
+      return false;
+    };
+
+    _proto._getConfig = function _getConfig(config) {
+      config = _extends({}, this.constructor.Default, $$$1(this.element).data(), config);
+
+      if (typeof config.delay === 'number') {
+        config.delay = {
+          show: config.delay,
+          hide: config.delay
+        };
+      }
+
+      if (typeof config.title === 'number') {
+        config.title = config.title.toString();
+      }
+
+      if (typeof config.content === 'number') {
+        config.content = config.content.toString();
+      }
+
+      Util.typeCheckConfig(NAME, config, this.constructor.DefaultType);
+      return config;
+    };
+
+    _proto._getDelegateConfig = function _getDelegateConfig() {
+      var config = {};
+
+      if (this.config) {
+        for (var key in this.config) {
+          if (this.constructor.Default[key] !== this.config[key]) {
+            config[key] = this.config[key];
+          }
+        }
+      }
+
+      return config;
+    };
+
+    _proto._cleanTipClass = function _cleanTipClass() {
+      var $tip = $$$1(this.getTipElement());
+      var tabClass = $tip.attr('class').match(BSCLS_PREFIX_REGEX);
+
+      if (tabClass !== null && tabClass.length > 0) {
+        $tip.removeClass(tabClass.join(''));
+      }
+    };
+
+    _proto._handlePopperPlacementChange = function _handlePopperPlacementChange(data) {
+      this._cleanTipClass();
+
+      this.addAttachmentClass(this._getAttachment(data.placement));
+    };
+
+    _proto._fixTransition = function _fixTransition() {
+      var tip = this.getTipElement();
+      var initConfigAnimation = this.config.animation;
+
+      if (tip.getAttribute('x-placement') !== null) {
+        return;
+      }
+
+      $$$1(tip).removeClass(ClassName.FADE);
+      this.config.animation = false;
+      this.hide();
+      this.show();
+      this.config.animation = initConfigAnimation;
+    }; // Static
+
+
+    Tooltip._jQueryInterface = function _jQueryInterface(config) {
+      return this.each(function () {
+        var data = $$$1(this).data(DATA_KEY);
+
+        var _config = typeof config === 'object' && config;
+
+        if (!data && /dispose|hide/.test(config)) {
+          return;
+        }
+
+        if (!data) {
+          data = new Tooltip(this, _config);
+          $$$1(this).data(DATA_KEY, data);
+        }
+
+        if (typeof config === 'string') {
+          if (typeof data[config] === 'undefined') {
+            throw new TypeError("No method named \"" + config + "\"");
+          }
+
+          data[config]();
+        }
+      });
+    };
+
+    _createClass(Tooltip, null, [{
+      key: "VERSION",
+      get: function get() {
+        return VERSION;
+      }
+    }, {
+      key: "Default",
+      get: function get() {
+        return Default;
+      }
+    }, {
+      key: "NAME",
+      get: function get() {
+        return NAME;
+      }
+    }, {
+      key: "DATA_KEY",
+      get: function get() {
+        return DATA_KEY;
+      }
+    }, {
+      key: "Event",
+      get: function get() {
+        return Event;
+      }
+    }, {
+      key: "EVENT_KEY",
+      get: function get() {
+        return EVENT_KEY;
+      }
+    }, {
+      key: "DefaultType",
+      get: function get() {
+        return DefaultType;
+      }
+    }]);
+    return Tooltip;
+  }();
+  /**
+   * ------------------------------------------------------------------------
+   * jQuery
+   * ------------------------------------------------------------------------
+   */
+
+
+  $$$1.fn[NAME] = Tooltip._jQueryInterface;
+  $$$1.fn[NAME].Constructor = Tooltip;
+
+  $$$1.fn[NAME].noConflict = function () {
+    $$$1.fn[NAME] = JQUERY_NO_CONFLICT;
+    return Tooltip._jQueryInterface;
+  };
+
+  return Tooltip;
+}($, Popper);
+
+/**
+ * --------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ * Bootstrap (v4.0.0): popover.js
+ * Licensed under MIT (https://github.com/twbs/bootstrap/blob/master/LICENSE)
+ * --------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ */
+
+var Popover = function ($$$1) {
+  /**
+   * ------------------------------------------------------------------------
+   * Constants
+   * ------------------------------------------------------------------------
+   */
+  var NAME = 'popover';
+  var VERSION = '4.0.0';
+  var DATA_KEY = 'bs.popover';
+  var EVENT_KEY = "." + DATA_KEY;
+  var JQUERY_NO_CONFLICT = $$$1.fn[NAME];
+  var CLASS_PREFIX = 'bs-popover';
+  var BSCLS_PREFIX_REGEX = new RegExp("(^|\\s)" + CLASS_PREFIX + "\\S+", 'g');
+  var Default = _extends({}, Tooltip.Default, {
+    placement: 'right',
+    trigger: 'click',
+    content: '',
+    template: '<div class="popover" role="tooltip">' + '<div class="arrow"></div>' + '<h3 class="popover-header"></h3>' + '<div class="popover-body"></div></div>'
+  });
+  var DefaultType = _extends({}, Tooltip.DefaultType, {
+    content: '(string|element|function)'
+  });
+  var ClassName = {
+    FADE: 'fade',
+    SHOW: 'show'
+  };
+  var Selector = {
+    TITLE: '.popover-header',
+    CONTENT: '.popover-body'
+  };
+  var Event = {
+    HIDE: "hide" + EVENT_KEY,
+    HIDDEN: "hidden" + EVENT_KEY,
+    SHOW: "show" + EVENT_KEY,
+    SHOWN: "shown" + EVENT_KEY,
+    INSERTED: "inserted" + EVENT_KEY,
+    CLICK: "click" + EVENT_KEY,
+    FOCUSIN: "focusin" + EVENT_KEY,
+    FOCUSOUT: "focusout" + EVENT_KEY,
+    MOUSEENTER: "mouseenter" + EVENT_KEY,
+    MOUSELEAVE: "mouseleave" + EVENT_KEY
+    /**
+     * ------------------------------------------------------------------------
+     * Class Definition
+     * ------------------------------------------------------------------------
+     */
+
+  };
+
+  var Popover =
+  /*#__PURE__*/
+  function (_Tooltip) {
+    _inheritsLoose(Popover, _Tooltip);
+
+    function Popover() {
+      return _Tooltip.apply(this, arguments) || this;
+    }
+
+    var _proto = Popover.prototype;
+
+    // Overrides
+    _proto.isWithContent = function isWithContent() {
+      return this.getTitle() || this._getContent();
+    };
+
+    _proto.addAttachmentClass = function addAttachmentClass(attachment) {
+      $$$1(this.getTipElement()).addClass(CLASS_PREFIX + "-" + attachment);
+    };
+
+    _proto.getTipElement = function getTipElement() {
+      this.tip = this.tip || $$$1(this.config.template)[0];
+      return this.tip;
+    };
+
+    _proto.setContent = function setContent() {
+      var $tip = $$$1(this.getTipElement()); // We use append for html objects to maintain js events
+
+      this.setElementContent($tip.find(Selector.TITLE), this.getTitle());
+
+      var content = this._getContent();
+
+      if (typeof content === 'function') {
+        content = content.call(this.element);
+      }
+
+      this.setElementContent($tip.find(Selector.CONTENT), content);
+      $tip.removeClass(ClassName.FADE + " " + ClassName.SHOW);
+    }; // Private
+
+
+    _proto._getContent = function _getContent() {
+      return this.element.getAttribute('data-content') || this.config.content;
+    };
+
+    _proto._cleanTipClass = function _cleanTipClass() {
+      var $tip = $$$1(this.getTipElement());
+      var tabClass = $tip.attr('class').match(BSCLS_PREFIX_REGEX);
+
+      if (tabClass !== null && tabClass.length > 0) {
+        $tip.removeClass(tabClass.join(''));
+      }
+    }; // Static
+
+
+    Popover._jQueryInterface = function _jQueryInterface(config) {
+      return this.each(function () {
+        var data = $$$1(this).data(DATA_KEY);
+
+        var _config = typeof config === 'object' ? config : null;
+
+        if (!data && /destroy|hide/.test(config)) {
+          return;
+        }
+
+        if (!data) {
+          data = new Popover(this, _config);
+          $$$1(this).data(DATA_KEY, data);
+        }
+
+        if (typeof config === 'string') {
+          if (typeof data[config] === 'undefined') {
+            throw new TypeError("No method named \"" + config + "\"");
+          }
+
+          data[config]();
+        }
+      });
+    };
+
+    _createClass(Popover, null, [{
+      key: "VERSION",
+      // Getters
+      get: function get() {
+        return VERSION;
+      }
+    }, {
+      key: "Default",
+      get: function get() {
+        return Default;
+      }
+    }, {
+      key: "NAME",
+      get: function get() {
+        return NAME;
+      }
+    }, {
+      key: "DATA_KEY",
+      get: function get() {
+        return DATA_KEY;
+      }
+    }, {
+      key: "Event",
+      get: function get() {
+        return Event;
+      }
+    }, {
+      key: "EVENT_KEY",
+      get: function get() {
+        return EVENT_KEY;
+      }
+    }, {
+      key: "DefaultType",
+      get: function get() {
+        return DefaultType;
+      }
+    }]);
+    return Popover;
+  }(Tooltip);
+  /**
+   * ------------------------------------------------------------------------
+   * jQuery
+   * ------------------------------------------------------------------------
+   */
+
+
+  $$$1.fn[NAME] = Popover._jQueryInterface;
+  $$$1.fn[NAME].Constructor = Popover;
+
+  $$$1.fn[NAME].noConflict = function () {
+    $$$1.fn[NAME] = JQUERY_NO_CONFLICT;
+    return Popover._jQueryInterface;
+  };
+
+  return Popover;
+}($);
+
+/**
+ * --------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ * Bootstrap (v4.0.0): scrollspy.js
+ * Licensed under MIT (https://github.com/twbs/bootstrap/blob/master/LICENSE)
+ * --------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ */
+
+var ScrollSpy = function ($$$1) {
+  /**
+   * ------------------------------------------------------------------------
+   * Constants
+   * ------------------------------------------------------------------------
+   */
+  var NAME = 'scrollspy';
+  var VERSION = '4.0.0';
+  var DATA_KEY = 'bs.scrollspy';
+  var EVENT_KEY = "." + DATA_KEY;
+  var DATA_API_KEY = '.data-api';
+  var JQUERY_NO_CONFLICT = $$$1.fn[NAME];
+  var Default = {
+    offset: 10,
+    method: 'auto',
+    target: ''
+  };
+  var DefaultType = {
+    offset: 'number',
+    method: 'string',
+    target: '(string|element)'
+  };
+  var Event = {
+    ACTIVATE: "activate" + EVENT_KEY,
+    SCROLL: "scroll" + EVENT_KEY,
+    LOAD_DATA_API: "load" + EVENT_KEY + DATA_API_KEY
+  };
+  var ClassName = {
+    DROPDOWN_ITEM: 'dropdown-item',
+    DROPDOWN_MENU: 'dropdown-menu',
+    ACTIVE: 'active'
+  };
+  var Selector = {
+    DATA_SPY: '[data-spy="scroll"]',
+    ACTIVE: '.active',
+    NAV_LIST_GROUP: '.nav, .list-group',
+    NAV_LINKS: '.nav-link',
+    NAV_ITEMS: '.nav-item',
+    LIST_ITEMS: '.list-group-item',
+    DROPDOWN: '.dropdown',
+    DROPDOWN_ITEMS: '.dropdown-item',
+    DROPDOWN_TOGGLE: '.dropdown-toggle'
+  };
+  var OffsetMethod = {
+    OFFSET: 'offset',
+    POSITION: 'position'
+    /**
+     * ------------------------------------------------------------------------
+     * Class Definition
+     * ------------------------------------------------------------------------
+     */
+
+  };
+
+  var ScrollSpy =
+  /*#__PURE__*/
+  function () {
+    function ScrollSpy(element, config) {
+      var _this = this;
+
+      this._element = element;
+      this._scrollElement = element.tagName === 'BODY' ? window : element;
+      this._config = this._getConfig(config);
+      this._selector = this._config.target + " " + Selector.NAV_LINKS + "," + (this._config.target + " " + Selector.LIST_ITEMS + ",") + (this._config.target + " " + Selector.DROPDOWN_ITEMS);
+      this._offsets = [];
+      this._targets = [];
+      this._activeTarget = null;
+      this._scrollHeight = 0;
+      $$$1(this._scrollElement).on(Event.SCROLL, function (event) {
+        return _this._process(event);
+      });
+      this.refresh();
+
+      this._process();
+    } // Getters
+
+
+    var _proto = ScrollSpy.prototype;
+
+    // Public
+    _proto.refresh = function refresh() {
+      var _this2 = this;
+
+      var autoMethod = this._scrollElement === this._scrollElement.window ? OffsetMethod.OFFSET : OffsetMethod.POSITION;
+      var offsetMethod = this._config.method === 'auto' ? autoMethod : this._config.method;
+      var offsetBase = offsetMethod === OffsetMethod.POSITION ? this._getScrollTop() : 0;
+      this._offsets = [];
+      this._targets = [];
+      this._scrollHeight = this._getScrollHeight();
+      var targets = $$$1.makeArray($$$1(this._selector));
+      targets.map(function (element) {
+        var target;
+        var targetSelector = Util.getSelectorFromElement(element);
+
+        if (targetSelector) {
+          target = $$$1(targetSelector)[0];
+        }
+
+        if (target) {
+          var targetBCR = target.getBoundingClientRect();
+
+          if (targetBCR.width || targetBCR.height) {
+            // TODO (fat): remove sketch reliance on jQuery position/offset
+            return [$$$1(target)[offsetMethod]().top + offsetBase, targetSelector];
+          }
+        }
+
+        return null;
+      }).filter(function (item) {
+        return item;
+      }).sort(function (a, b) {
+        return a[0] - b[0];
+      }).forEach(function (item) {
+        _this2._offsets.push(item[0]);
+
+        _this2._targets.push(item[1]);
+      });
+    };
+
+    _proto.dispose = function dispose() {
+      $$$1.removeData(this._element, DATA_KEY);
+      $$$1(this._scrollElement).off(EVENT_KEY);
+      this._element = null;
+      this._scrollElement = null;
+      this._config = null;
+      this._selector = null;
+      this._offsets = null;
+      this._targets = null;
+      this._activeTarget = null;
+      this._scrollHeight = null;
+    }; // Private
+
+
+    _proto._getConfig = function _getConfig(config) {
+      config = _extends({}, Default, config);
+
+      if (typeof config.target !== 'string') {
+        var id = $$$1(config.target).attr('id');
+
+        if (!id) {
+          id = Util.getUID(NAME);
+          $$$1(config.target).attr('id', id);
+        }
+
+        config.target = "#" + id;
+      }
+
+      Util.typeCheckConfig(NAME, config, DefaultType);
+      return config;
+    };
+
+    _proto._getScrollTop = function _getScrollTop() {
+      return this._scrollElement === window ? this._scrollElement.pageYOffset : this._scrollElement.scrollTop;
+    };
+
+    _proto._getScrollHeight = function _getScrollHeight() {
+      return this._scrollElement.scrollHeight || Math.max(document.body.scrollHeight, document.documentElement.scrollHeight);
+    };
+
+    _proto._getOffsetHeight = function _getOffsetHeight() {
+      return this._scrollElement === window ? window.innerHeight : this._scrollElement.getBoundingClientRect().height;
+    };
+
+    _proto._process = function _process() {
+      var scrollTop = this._getScrollTop() + this._config.offset;
+
+      var scrollHeight = this._getScrollHeight();
+
+      var maxScroll = this._config.offset + scrollHeight - this._getOffsetHeight();
+
+      if (this._scrollHeight !== scrollHeight) {
+        this.refresh();
+      }
+
+      if (scrollTop >= maxScroll) {
+        var target = this._targets[this._targets.length - 1];
+
+        if (this._activeTarget !== target) {
+          this._activate(target);
+        }
+
+        return;
+      }
+
+      if (this._activeTarget && scrollTop < this._offsets[0] && this._offsets[0] > 0) {
+        this._activeTarget = null;
+
+        this._clear();
+
+        return;
+      }
+
+      for (var i = this._offsets.length; i--;) {
+        var isActiveTarget = this._activeTarget !== this._targets[i] && scrollTop >= this._offsets[i] && (typeof this._offsets[i + 1] === 'undefined' || scrollTop < this._offsets[i + 1]);
+
+        if (isActiveTarget) {
+          this._activate(this._targets[i]);
+        }
+      }
+    };
+
+    _proto._activate = function _activate(target) {
+      this._activeTarget = target;
+
+      this._clear();
+
+      var queries = this._selector.split(','); // eslint-disable-next-line arrow-body-style
+
+
+      queries = queries.map(function (selector) {
+        return selector + "[data-target=\"" + target + "\"]," + (selector + "[href=\"" + target + "\"]");
+      });
+      var $link = $$$1(queries.join(','));
+
+      if ($link.hasClass(ClassName.DROPDOWN_ITEM)) {
+        $link.closest(Selector.DROPDOWN).find(Selector.DROPDOWN_TOGGLE).addClass(ClassName.ACTIVE);
+        $link.addClass(ClassName.ACTIVE);
+      } else {
+        // Set triggered link as active
+        $link.addClass(ClassName.ACTIVE); // Set triggered links parents as active
+        // With both <ul> and <nav> markup a parent is the previous sibling of any nav ancestor
+
+        $link.parents(Selector.NAV_LIST_GROUP).prev(Selector.NAV_LINKS + ", " + Selector.LIST_ITEMS).addClass(ClassName.ACTIVE); // Handle special case when .nav-link is inside .nav-item
+
+        $link.parents(Selector.NAV_LIST_GROUP).prev(Selector.NAV_ITEMS).children(Selector.NAV_LINKS).addClass(ClassName.ACTIVE);
+      }
+
+      $$$1(this._scrollElement).trigger(Event.ACTIVATE, {
+        relatedTarget: target
+      });
+    };
+
+    _proto._clear = function _clear() {
+      $$$1(this._selector).filter(Selector.ACTIVE).removeClass(ClassName.ACTIVE);
+    }; // Static
+
+
+    ScrollSpy._jQueryInterface = function _jQueryInterface(config) {
+      return this.each(function () {
+        var data = $$$1(this).data(DATA_KEY);
+
+        var _config = typeof config === 'object' && config;
+
+        if (!data) {
+          data = new ScrollSpy(this, _config);
+          $$$1(this).data(DATA_KEY, data);
+        }
+
+        if (typeof config === 'string') {
+          if (typeof data[config] === 'undefined') {
+            throw new TypeError("No method named \"" + config + "\"");
+          }
+
+          data[config]();
+        }
+      });
+    };
+
+    _createClass(ScrollSpy, null, [{
+      key: "VERSION",
+      get: function get() {
+        return VERSION;
+      }
+    }, {
+      key: "Default",
+      get: function get() {
+        return Default;
+      }
+    }]);
+    return ScrollSpy;
+  }();
+  /**
+   * ------------------------------------------------------------------------
+   * Data Api implementation
+   * ------------------------------------------------------------------------
+   */
+
+
+  $$$1(window).on(Event.LOAD_DATA_API, function () {
+    var scrollSpys = $$$1.makeArray($$$1(Selector.DATA_SPY));
+
+    for (var i = scrollSpys.length; i--;) {
+      var $spy = $$$1(scrollSpys[i]);
+
+      ScrollSpy._jQueryInterface.call($spy, $spy.data());
+    }
+  });
+  /**
+   * ------------------------------------------------------------------------
+   * jQuery
+   * ------------------------------------------------------------------------
+   */
+
+  $$$1.fn[NAME] = ScrollSpy._jQueryInterface;
+  $$$1.fn[NAME].Constructor = ScrollSpy;
+
+  $$$1.fn[NAME].noConflict = function () {
+    $$$1.fn[NAME] = JQUERY_NO_CONFLICT;
+    return ScrollSpy._jQueryInterface;
+  };
+
+  return ScrollSpy;
+}($);
+
+/**
+ * --------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ * Bootstrap (v4.0.0): tab.js
+ * Licensed under MIT (https://github.com/twbs/bootstrap/blob/master/LICENSE)
+ * --------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ */
+
+var Tab = function ($$$1) {
+  /**
+   * ------------------------------------------------------------------------
+   * Constants
+   * ------------------------------------------------------------------------
+   */
+  var NAME = 'tab';
+  var VERSION = '4.0.0';
+  var DATA_KEY = 'bs.tab';
+  var EVENT_KEY = "." + DATA_KEY;
+  var DATA_API_KEY = '.data-api';
+  var JQUERY_NO_CONFLICT = $$$1.fn[NAME];
+  var TRANSITION_DURATION = 150;
+  var Event = {
+    HIDE: "hide" + EVENT_KEY,
+    HIDDEN: "hidden" + EVENT_KEY,
+    SHOW: "show" + EVENT_KEY,
+    SHOWN: "shown" + EVENT_KEY,
+    CLICK_DATA_API: "click" + EVENT_KEY + DATA_API_KEY
+  };
+  var ClassName = {
+    DROPDOWN_MENU: 'dropdown-menu',
+    ACTIVE: 'active',
+    DISABLED: 'disabled',
+    FADE: 'fade',
+    SHOW: 'show'
+  };
+  var Selector = {
+    DROPDOWN: '.dropdown',
+    NAV_LIST_GROUP: '.nav, .list-group',
+    ACTIVE: '.active',
+    ACTIVE_UL: '> li > .active',
+    DATA_TOGGLE: '[data-toggle="tab"], [data-toggle="pill"], [data-toggle="list"]',
+    DROPDOWN_TOGGLE: '.dropdown-toggle',
+    DROPDOWN_ACTIVE_CHILD: '> .dropdown-menu .active'
+    /**
+     * ------------------------------------------------------------------------
+     * Class Definition
+     * ------------------------------------------------------------------------
+     */
+
+  };
+
+  var Tab =
+  /*#__PURE__*/
+  function () {
+    function Tab(element) {
+      this._element = element;
+    } // Getters
+
+
+    var _proto = Tab.prototype;
+
+    // Public
+    _proto.show = function show() {
+      var _this = this;
+
+      if (this._element.parentNode && this._element.parentNode.nodeType === Node.ELEMENT_NODE && $$$1(this._element).hasClass(ClassName.ACTIVE) || $$$1(this._element).hasClass(ClassName.DISABLED)) {
+        return;
+      }
+
+      var target;
+      var previous;
+      var listElement = $$$1(this._element).closest(Selector.NAV_LIST_GROUP)[0];
+      var selector = Util.getSelectorFromElement(this._element);
+
+      if (listElement) {
+        var itemSelector = listElement.nodeName === 'UL' ? Selector.ACTIVE_UL : Selector.ACTIVE;
+        previous = $$$1.makeArray($$$1(listElement).find(itemSelector));
+        previous = previous[previous.length - 1];
+      }
+
+      var hideEvent = $$$1.Event(Event.HIDE, {
+        relatedTarget: this._element
+      });
+      var showEvent = $$$1.Event(Event.SHOW, {
+        relatedTarget: previous
+      });
+
+      if (previous) {
+        $$$1(previous).trigger(hideEvent);
+      }
+
+      $$$1(this._element).trigger(showEvent);
+
+      if (showEvent.isDefaultPrevented() || hideEvent.isDefaultPrevented()) {
+        return;
+      }
+
+      if (selector) {
+        target = $$$1(selector)[0];
+      }
+
+      this._activate(this._element, listElement);
+
+      var complete = function complete() {
+        var hiddenEvent = $$$1.Event(Event.HIDDEN, {
+          relatedTarget: _this._element
+        });
+        var shownEvent = $$$1.Event(Event.SHOWN, {
+          relatedTarget: previous
+        });
+        $$$1(previous).trigger(hiddenEvent);
+        $$$1(_this._element).trigger(shownEvent);
+      };
+
+      if (target) {
+        this._activate(target, target.parentNode, complete);
+      } else {
+        complete();
+      }
+    };
+
+    _proto.dispose = function dispose() {
+      $$$1.removeData(this._element, DATA_KEY);
+      this._element = null;
+    }; // Private
+
+
+    _proto._activate = function _activate(element, container, callback) {
+      var _this2 = this;
+
+      var activeElements;
+
+      if (container.nodeName === 'UL') {
+        activeElements = $$$1(container).find(Selector.ACTIVE_UL);
+      } else {
+        activeElements = $$$1(container).children(Selector.ACTIVE);
+      }
+
+      var active = activeElements[0];
+      var isTransitioning = callback && Util.supportsTransitionEnd() && active && $$$1(active).hasClass(ClassName.FADE);
+
+      var complete = function complete() {
+        return _this2._transitionComplete(element, active, callback);
+      };
+
+      if (active && isTransitioning) {
+        $$$1(active).one(Util.TRANSITION_END, complete).emulateTransitionEnd(TRANSITION_DURATION);
+      } else {
+        complete();
+      }
+    };
+
+    _proto._transitionComplete = function _transitionComplete(element, active, callback) {
+      if (active) {
+        $$$1(active).removeClass(ClassName.SHOW + " " + ClassName.ACTIVE);
+        var dropdownChild = $$$1(active.parentNode).find(Selector.DROPDOWN_ACTIVE_CHILD)[0];
+
+        if (dropdownChild) {
+          $$$1(dropdownChild).removeClass(ClassName.ACTIVE);
+        }
+
+        if (active.getAttribute('role') === 'tab') {
+          active.setAttribute('aria-selected', false);
+        }
+      }
+
+      $$$1(element).addClass(ClassName.ACTIVE);
+
+      if (element.getAttribute('role') === 'tab') {
+        element.setAttribute('aria-selected', true);
+      }
+
+      Util.reflow(element);
+      $$$1(element).addClass(ClassName.SHOW);
+
+      if (element.parentNode && $$$1(element.parentNode).hasClass(ClassName.DROPDOWN_MENU)) {
+        var dropdownElement = $$$1(element).closest(Selector.DROPDOWN)[0];
+
+        if (dropdownElement) {
+          $$$1(dropdownElement).find(Selector.DROPDOWN_TOGGLE).addClass(ClassName.ACTIVE);
+        }
+
+        element.setAttribute('aria-expanded', true);
+      }
+
+      if (callback) {
+        callback();
+      }
+    }; // Static
+
+
+    Tab._jQueryInterface = function _jQueryInterface(config) {
+      return this.each(function () {
+        var $this = $$$1(this);
+        var data = $this.data(DATA_KEY);
+
+        if (!data) {
+          data = new Tab(this);
+          $this.data(DATA_KEY, data);
+        }
+
+        if (typeof config === 'string') {
+          if (typeof data[config] === 'undefined') {
+            throw new TypeError("No method named \"" + config + "\"");
+          }
+
+          data[config]();
+        }
+      });
+    };
+
+    _createClass(Tab, null, [{
+      key: "VERSION",
+      get: function get() {
+        return VERSION;
+      }
+    }]);
+    return Tab;
+  }();
+  /**
+   * ------------------------------------------------------------------------
+   * Data Api implementation
+   * ------------------------------------------------------------------------
+   */
+
+
+  $$$1(document).on(Event.CLICK_DATA_API, Selector.DATA_TOGGLE, function (event) {
+    event.preventDefault();
+
+    Tab._jQueryInterface.call($$$1(this), 'show');
+  });
+  /**
+   * ------------------------------------------------------------------------
+   * jQuery
+   * ------------------------------------------------------------------------
+   */
+
+  $$$1.fn[NAME] = Tab._jQueryInterface;
+  $$$1.fn[NAME].Constructor = Tab;
+
+  $$$1.fn[NAME].noConflict = function () {
+    $$$1.fn[NAME] = JQUERY_NO_CONFLICT;
+    return Tab._jQueryInterface;
+  };
+
+  return Tab;
+}($);
+
+/**
+ * --------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ * Bootstrap (v4.0.0-alpha.6): index.js
+ * Licensed under MIT (https://github.com/twbs/bootstrap/blob/master/LICENSE)
+ * --------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ */
+
+(function ($$$1) {
+  if (typeof $$$1 === 'undefined') {
+    throw new TypeError('Bootstrap\'s JavaScript requires jQuery. jQuery must be included before Bootstrap\'s JavaScript.');
+  }
+
+  var version = $$$1.fn.jquery.split(' ')[0].split('.');
+  var minMajor = 1;
+  var ltMajor = 2;
+  var minMinor = 9;
+  var minPatch = 1;
+  var maxMajor = 4;
+
+  if (version[0] < ltMajor && version[1] < minMinor || version[0] === minMajor && version[1] === minMinor && version[2] < minPatch || version[0] >= maxMajor) {
+    throw new Error('Bootstrap\'s JavaScript requires at least jQuery v1.9.1 but less than v4.0.0');
+  }
+})($);
+
+exports.Util = Util;
+exports.Alert = Alert;
+exports.Button = Button;
+exports.Carousel = Carousel;
+exports.Collapse = Collapse;
+exports.Dropdown = Dropdown;
+exports.Modal = Modal;
+exports.Popover = Popover;
+exports.Scrollspy = ScrollSpy;
+exports.Tab = Tab;
+exports.Tooltip = Tooltip;
+
+Object.defineProperty(exports, '__esModule', { value: true });
+
+})));
+//# sourceMappingURL=bootstrap.js.map
diff --git a/chall/src/js/bootstrap.min.js b/chall/src/js/bootstrap.min.js
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..534d533
--- /dev/null
+++ b/chall/src/js/bootstrap.min.js
@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+/*!
+  * Bootstrap v4.0.0 (https://getbootstrap.com)
+  * Copyright 2011-2018 The Bootstrap Authors (https://github.com/twbs/bootstrap/graphs/contributors)
+  * Licensed under MIT (https://github.com/twbs/bootstrap/blob/master/LICENSE)
+  */
+!function(t,e){"object"==typeof exports&&"undefined"!=typeof module?e(exports,require("jquery"),require("popper.js")):"function"==typeof define&&define.amd?define(["exports","jquery","popper.js"],e):e(t.bootstrap={},t.jQuery,t.Popper)}(this,function(t,e,n){"use strict";function i(t,e){for(var n=0;n<e.length;n++){var i=e[n];i.enumerable=i.enumerable||!1,i.configurable=!0,"value"in i&&(i.writable=!0),Object.defineProperty(t,i.key,i)}}function s(t,e,n){return e&&i(t.prototype,e),n&&i(t,n),t}function r(){return(r=Object.assign||function(t){for(var e=1;e<arguments.length;e++){var n=arguments[e];for(var i in n)Object.prototype.hasOwnProperty.call(n,i)&&(t[i]=n[i])}return t}).apply(this,arguments)}e=e&&e.hasOwnProperty("default")?e.default:e,n=n&&n.hasOwnProperty("default")?n.default:n;var o,a,l,h,c,u,f,d,_,g,p,m,v,E,T,y,C,I,A,b,D,S,w,N,O,k,P=function(t){var e=!1;function n(e){var n=this,s=!1;return t(this).one(i.TRANSITION_END,function(){s=!0}),setTimeout(function(){s||i.triggerTransitionEnd(n)},e),this}var i={TRANSITION_END:"bsTransitionEnd",getUID:function(t){do{t+=~~(1e6*Math.random())}while(document.getElementById(t));return t},getSelectorFromElement:function(e){var n,i=e.getAttribute("data-target");i&&"#"!==i||(i=e.getAttribute("href")||""),"#"===i.charAt(0)&&(n=i,i=n="function"==typeof t.escapeSelector?t.escapeSelector(n).substr(1):n.replace(/(:|\.|\[|\]|,|=|@)/g,"\\$1"));try{return t(document).find(i).length>0?i:null}catch(t){return null}},reflow:function(t){return t.offsetHeight},triggerTransitionEnd:function(n){t(n).trigger(e.end)},supportsTransitionEnd:function(){return Boolean(e)},isElement:function(t){return(t[0]||t).nodeType},typeCheckConfig:function(t,e,n){for(var s in n)if(Object.prototype.hasOwnProperty.call(n,s)){var r=n[s],o=e[s],a=o&&i.isElement(o)?"element":(l=o,{}.toString.call(l).match(/\s([a-zA-Z]+)/)[1].toLowerCase());if(!new RegExp(r).test(a))throw new Error(t.toUpperCase()+': Option "'+s+'" provided type "'+a+'" but expected type "'+r+'".')}var l}};return e=("undefined"==typeof window||!window.QUnit)&&{end:"transitionend"},t.fn.emulateTransitionEnd=n,i.supportsTransitionEnd()&&(t.event.special[i.TRANSITION_END]={bindType:e.end,delegateType:e.end,handle:function(e){if(t(e.target).is(this))return e.handleObj.handler.apply(this,arguments)}}),i}(e),L=(a="alert",h="."+(l="bs.alert"),c=(o=e).fn[a],u={CLOSE:"close"+h,CLOSED:"closed"+h,CLICK_DATA_API:"click"+h+".data-api"},f="alert",d="fade",_="show",g=function(){function t(t){this._element=t}var e=t.prototype;return e.close=function(t){t=t||this._element;var e=this._getRootElement(t);this._triggerCloseEvent(e).isDefaultPrevented()||this._removeElement(e)},e.dispose=function(){o.removeData(this._element,l),this._element=null},e._getRootElement=function(t){var e=P.getSelectorFromElement(t),n=!1;return e&&(n=o(e)[0]),n||(n=o(t).closest("."+f)[0]),n},e._triggerCloseEvent=function(t){var e=o.Event(u.CLOSE);return o(t).trigger(e),e},e._removeElement=function(t){var e=this;o(t).removeClass(_),P.supportsTransitionEnd()&&o(t).hasClass(d)?o(t).one(P.TRANSITION_END,function(n){return e._destroyElement(t,n)}).emulateTransitionEnd(150):this._destroyElement(t)},e._destroyElement=function(t){o(t).detach().trigger(u.CLOSED).remove()},t._jQueryInterface=function(e){return this.each(function(){var n=o(this),i=n.data(l);i||(i=new t(this),n.data(l,i)),"close"===e&&i[e](this)})},t._handleDismiss=function(t){return function(e){e&&e.preventDefault(),t.close(this)}},s(t,null,[{key:"VERSION",get:function(){return"4.0.0"}}]),t}(),o(document).on(u.CLICK_DATA_API,'[data-dismiss="alert"]',g._handleDismiss(new g)),o.fn[a]=g._jQueryInterface,o.fn[a].Constructor=g,o.fn[a].noConflict=function(){return o.fn[a]=c,g._jQueryInterface},g),R=(m="button",E="."+(v="bs.button"),T=".data-api",y=(p=e).fn[m],C="active",I="btn",A="focus",b='[data-toggle^="button"]',D='[data-toggle="buttons"]',S="input",w=".active",N=".btn",O={CLICK_DATA_API:"click"+E+T,FOCUS_BLUR_DATA_API:"focus"+E+T+" blur"+E+T},k=function(){function t(t){this._element=t}var e=t.prototype;return e.toggle=function(){var t=!0,e=!0,n=p(this._element).closest(D)[0];if(n){var i=p(this._element).find(S)[0];if(i){if("radio"===i.type)if(i.checked&&p(this._element).hasClass(C))t=!1;else{var 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37:t.preventDefault(),this.prev();break;case 39:t.preventDefault(),this.next()}},C._getItemIndex=function(e){return this._items=t.makeArray(t(e).parent().find(y.ITEM)),this._items.indexOf(e)},C._getItemByDirection=function(t,e){var n=t===h,i=t===c,s=this._getItemIndex(e),r=this._items.length-1;if((i&&0===s||n&&s===r)&&!this._config.wrap)return e;var o=(s+(t===c?-1:1))%this._items.length;return-1===o?this._items[this._items.length-1]:this._items[o]},C._triggerSlideEvent=function(e,n){var i=this._getItemIndex(e),s=this._getItemIndex(t(this._element).find(y.ACTIVE_ITEM)[0]),r=t.Event(d.SLIDE,{relatedTarget:e,direction:n,from:s,to:i});return t(this._element).trigger(r),r},C._setActiveIndicatorElement=function(e){if(this._indicatorsElement){t(this._indicatorsElement).find(y.ACTIVE).removeClass(g);var n=this._indicatorsElement.children[this._getItemIndex(e)];n&&t(n).addClass(g)}},C._slide=function(e,n){var i,s,r,o=this,a=t(this._element).find(y.ACTIVE_ITEM)[0],l=this._getItemIndex(a),c=n||a&&this._getItemByDirection(e,a),_=this._getItemIndex(c),C=Boolean(this._interval);if(e===h?(i=v,s=E,r=u):(i=m,s=T,r=f),c&&t(c).hasClass(g))this._isSliding=!1;else if(!this._triggerSlideEvent(c,r).isDefaultPrevented()&&a&&c){this._isSliding=!0,C&&this.pause(),this._setActiveIndicatorElement(c);var I=t.Event(d.SLID,{relatedTarget:c,direction:r,from:l,to:_});P.supportsTransitionEnd()&&t(this._element).hasClass(p)?(t(c).addClass(s),P.reflow(c),t(a).addClass(i),t(c).addClass(i),t(a).one(P.TRANSITION_END,function(){t(c).removeClass(i+" "+s).addClass(g),t(a).removeClass(g+" "+s+" "+i),o._isSliding=!1,setTimeout(function(){return t(o._element).trigger(I)},0)}).emulateTransitionEnd(600)):(t(a).removeClass(g),t(c).addClass(g),this._isSliding=!1,t(this._element).trigger(I)),C&&this.cycle()}},o._jQueryInterface=function(e){return this.each(function(){var i=t(this).data(n),s=r({},a,t(this).data());"object"==typeof e&&(s=r({},s,e));var l="string"==typeof e?e:s.slide;if(i||(i=new o(this,s),t(this).data(n,i)),"number"==typeof e)i.to(e);else if("string"==typeof l){if("undefined"==typeof i[l])throw new TypeError('No method named "'+l+'"');i[l]()}else s.interval&&(i.pause(),i.cycle())})},o._dataApiClickHandler=function(e){var i=P.getSelectorFromElement(this);if(i){var s=t(i)[0];if(s&&t(s).hasClass(_)){var a=r({},t(s).data(),t(this).data()),l=this.getAttribute("data-slide-to");l&&(a.interval=!1),o._jQueryInterface.call(t(s),a),l&&t(s).data(n).to(l),e.preventDefault()}}},s(o,null,[{key:"VERSION",get:function(){return"4.0.0"}},{key:"Default",get:function(){return a}}]),o}();return t(document).on(d.CLICK_DATA_API,y.DATA_SLIDE,C._dataApiClickHandler),t(window).on(d.LOAD_DATA_API,function(){t(y.DATA_RIDE).each(function(){var e=t(this);C._jQueryInterface.call(e,e.data())})}),t.fn[e]=C._jQueryInterface,t.fn[e].Constructor=C,t.fn[e].noConflict=function(){return t.fn[e]=o,C._jQueryInterface},C}(e),H=function(t){var e="collapse",n="bs.collapse",i="."+n,o=t.fn[e],a={toggle:!0,parent:""},l={toggle:"boolean",parent:"(string|element)"},h={SHOW:"show"+i,SHOWN:"shown"+i,HIDE:"hide"+i,HIDDEN:"hidden"+i,CLICK_DATA_API:"click"+i+".data-api"},c="show",u="collapse",f="collapsing",d="collapsed",_="width",g="height",p={ACTIVES:".show, .collapsing",DATA_TOGGLE:'[data-toggle="collapse"]'},m=function(){function i(e,n){this._isTransitioning=!1,this._element=e,this._config=this._getConfig(n),this._triggerArray=t.makeArray(t('[data-toggle="collapse"][href="#'+e.id+'"],[data-toggle="collapse"][data-target="#'+e.id+'"]'));for(var i=t(p.DATA_TOGGLE),s=0;s<i.length;s++){var r=i[s],o=P.getSelectorFromElement(r);null!==o&&t(o).filter(e).length>0&&(this._selector=o,this._triggerArray.push(r))}this._parent=this._config.parent?this._getParent():null,this._config.parent||this._addAriaAndCollapsedClass(this._element,this._triggerArray),this._config.toggle&&this.toggle()}var o=i.prototype;return o.toggle=function(){t(this._element).hasClass(c)?this.hide():this.show()},o.show=function(){var e,s,r=this;if(!this._isTransitioning&&!t(this._element).hasClass(c)&&(this._parent&&0===(e=t.makeArray(t(this._parent).find(p.ACTIVES).filter('[data-parent="'+this._config.parent+'"]'))).length&&(e=null),!(e&&(s=t(e).not(this._selector).data(n))&&s._isTransitioning))){var o=t.Event(h.SHOW);if(t(this._element).trigger(o),!o.isDefaultPrevented()){e&&(i._jQueryInterface.call(t(e).not(this._selector),"hide"),s||t(e).data(n,null));var a=this._getDimension();t(this._element).removeClass(u).addClass(f),this._element.style[a]=0,this._triggerArray.length>0&&t(this._triggerArray).removeClass(d).attr("aria-expanded",!0),this.setTransitioning(!0);var l=function(){t(r._element).removeClass(f).addClass(u).addClass(c),r._element.style[a]="",r.setTransitioning(!1),t(r._element).trigger(h.SHOWN)};if(P.supportsTransitionEnd()){var _="scroll"+(a[0].toUpperCase()+a.slice(1));t(this._element).one(P.TRANSITION_END,l).emulateTransitionEnd(600),this._element.style[a]=this._element[_]+"px"}else l()}}},o.hide=function(){var e=this;if(!this._isTransitioning&&t(this._element).hasClass(c)){var n=t.Event(h.HIDE);if(t(this._element).trigger(n),!n.isDefaultPrevented()){var i=this._getDimension();if(this._element.style[i]=this._element.getBoundingClientRect()[i]+"px",P.reflow(this._element),t(this._element).addClass(f).removeClass(u).removeClass(c),this._triggerArray.length>0)for(var s=0;s<this._triggerArray.length;s++){var r=this._triggerArray[s],o=P.getSelectorFromElement(r);if(null!==o)t(o).hasClass(c)||t(r).addClass(d).attr("aria-expanded",!1)}this.setTransitioning(!0);var 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e=t(this),s=e.data(n)?"toggle":i.data();m._jQueryInterface.call(e,s)})}),t.fn[e]=m._jQueryInterface,t.fn[e].Constructor=m,t.fn[e].noConflict=function(){return t.fn[e]=o,m._jQueryInterface},m}(e),W=function(t){var e="dropdown",i="bs.dropdown",o="."+i,a=".data-api",l=t.fn[e],h=new RegExp("38|40|27"),c={HIDE:"hide"+o,HIDDEN:"hidden"+o,SHOW:"show"+o,SHOWN:"shown"+o,CLICK:"click"+o,CLICK_DATA_API:"click"+o+a,KEYDOWN_DATA_API:"keydown"+o+a,KEYUP_DATA_API:"keyup"+o+a},u="disabled",f="show",d="dropup",_="dropright",g="dropleft",p="dropdown-menu-right",m="dropdown-menu-left",v="position-static",E='[data-toggle="dropdown"]',T=".dropdown form",y=".dropdown-menu",C=".navbar-nav",I=".dropdown-menu .dropdown-item:not(.disabled)",A="top-start",b="top-end",D="bottom-start",S="bottom-end",w="right-start",N="left-start",O={offset:0,flip:!0,boundary:"scrollParent"},k={offset:"(number|string|function)",flip:"boolean",boundary:"(string|element)"},L=function(){function a(t,e){this._element=t,this._popper=null,this._config=this._getConfig(e),this._menu=this._getMenuElement(),this._inNavbar=this._detectNavbar(),this._addEventListeners()}var l=a.prototype;return l.toggle=function(){if(!this._element.disabled&&!t(this._element).hasClass(u)){var e=a._getParentFromElement(this._element),i=t(this._menu).hasClass(f);if(a._clearMenus(),!i){var s={relatedTarget:this._element},r=t.Event(c.SHOW,s);if(t(e).trigger(r),!r.isDefaultPrevented()){if(!this._inNavbar){if("undefined"==typeof n)throw new TypeError("Bootstrap dropdown require Popper.js (https://popper.js.org)");var o=this._element;t(e).hasClass(d)&&(t(this._menu).hasClass(m)||t(this._menu).hasClass(p))&&(o=e),"scrollParent"!==this._config.boundary&&t(e).addClass(v),this._popper=new n(o,this._menu,this._getPopperConfig())}"ontouchstart"in document.documentElement&&0===t(e).closest(C).length&&t("body").children().on("mouseover",null,t.noop),this._element.focus(),this._element.setAttribute("aria-expanded",!0),t(this._menu).toggleClass(f),t(e).toggleClass(f).trigger(t.Event(c.SHOWN,s))}}}},l.dispose=function(){t.removeData(this._element,i),t(this._element).off(o),this._element=null,this._menu=null,null!==this._popper&&(this._popper.destroy(),this._popper=null)},l.update=function(){this._inNavbar=this._detectNavbar(),null!==this._popper&&this._popper.scheduleUpdate()},l._addEventListeners=function(){var e=this;t(this._element).on(c.CLICK,function(t){t.preventDefault(),t.stopPropagation(),e.toggle()})},l._getConfig=function(n){return n=r({},this.constructor.Default,t(this._element).data(),n),P.typeCheckConfig(e,n,this.constructor.DefaultType),n},l._getMenuElement=function(){if(!this._menu){var e=a._getParentFromElement(this._element);this._menu=t(e).find(y)[0]}return this._menu},l._getPlacement=function(){var e=t(this._element).parent(),n=D;return e.hasClass(d)?(n=A,t(this._menu).hasClass(p)&&(n=b)):e.hasClass(_)?n=w:e.hasClass(g)?n=N:t(this._menu).hasClass(p)&&(n=S),n},l._detectNavbar=function(){return t(this._element).closest(".navbar").length>0},l._getPopperConfig=function(){var t=this,e={};return"function"==typeof this._config.offset?e.fn=function(e){return e.offsets=r({},e.offsets,t._config.offset(e.offsets)||{}),e}:e.offset=this._config.offset,{placement:this._getPlacement(),modifiers:{offset:e,flip:{enabled:this._config.flip},preventOverflow:{boundariesElement:this._config.boundary}}}},a._jQueryInterface=function(e){return this.each(function(){var n=t(this).data(i);if(n||(n=new a(this,"object"==typeof e?e:null),t(this).data(i,n)),"string"==typeof e){if("undefined"==typeof n[e])throw new TypeError('No method named "'+e+'"');n[e]()}})},a._clearMenus=function(e){if(!e||3!==e.which&&("keyup"!==e.type||9===e.which))for(var n=t.makeArray(t(E)),s=0;s<n.length;s++){var r=a._getParentFromElement(n[s]),o=t(n[s]).data(i),l={relatedTarget:n[s]};if(o){var h=o._menu;if(t(r).hasClass(f)&&!(e&&("click"===e.type&&/input|textarea/i.test(e.target.tagName)||"keyup"===e.type&&9===e.which)&&t.contains(r,e.target))){var u=t.Event(c.HIDE,l);t(r).trigger(u),u.isDefaultPrevented()||("ontouchstart"in document.documentElement&&t("body").children().off("mouseover",null,t.noop),n[s].setAttribute("aria-expanded","false"),t(h).removeClass(f),t(r).removeClass(f).trigger(t.Event(c.HIDDEN,l)))}}}},a._getParentFromElement=function(e){var n,i=P.getSelectorFromElement(e);return i&&(n=t(i)[0]),n||e.parentNode},a._dataApiKeydownHandler=function(e){if((/input|textarea/i.test(e.target.tagName)?!(32===e.which||27!==e.which&&(40!==e.which&&38!==e.which||t(e.target).closest(y).length)):h.test(e.which))&&(e.preventDefault(),e.stopPropagation(),!this.disabled&&!t(this).hasClass(u))){var n=a._getParentFromElement(this),i=t(n).hasClass(f);if((i||27===e.which&&32===e.which)&&(!i||27!==e.which&&32!==e.which)){var s=t(n).find(I).get();if(0!==s.length){var r=s.indexOf(e.target);38===e.which&&r>0&&r--,40===e.which&&r<s.length-1&&r++,r<0&&(r=0),s[r].focus()}}else{if(27===e.which){var o=t(n).find(E)[0];t(o).trigger("focus")}t(this).trigger("click")}}},s(a,null,[{key:"VERSION",get:function(){return"4.0.0"}},{key:"Default",get:function(){return O}},{key:"DefaultType",get:function(){return k}}]),a}();return t(document).on(c.KEYDOWN_DATA_API,E,L._dataApiKeydownHandler).on(c.KEYDOWN_DATA_API,y,L._dataApiKeydownHandler).on(c.CLICK_DATA_API+" "+c.KEYUP_DATA_API,L._clearMenus).on(c.CLICK_DATA_API,E,function(e){e.preventDefault(),e.stopPropagation(),L._jQueryInterface.call(t(this),"toggle")}).on(c.CLICK_DATA_API,T,function(t){t.stopPropagation()}),t.fn[e]=L._jQueryInterface,t.fn[e].Constructor=L,t.fn[e].noConflict=function(){return t.fn[e]=l,L._jQueryInterface},L}(e),M=function(t){var e="modal",n="bs.modal",i="."+n,o=t.fn.modal,a={backdrop:!0,keyboard:!0,focus:!0,show:!0},l={backdrop:"(boolean|string)",keyboard:"boolean",focus:"boolean",show:"boolean"},h={HIDE:"hide"+i,HIDDEN:"hidden"+i,SHOW:"show"+i,SHOWN:"shown"+i,FOCUSIN:"focusin"+i,RESIZE:"resize"+i,CLICK_DISMISS:"click.dismiss"+i,KEYDOWN_DISMISS:"keydown.dismiss"+i,MOUSEUP_DISMISS:"mouseup.dismiss"+i,MOUSEDOWN_DISMISS:"mousedown.dismiss"+i,CLICK_DATA_API:"click"+i+".data-api"},c="modal-scrollbar-measure",u="modal-backdrop",f="modal-open",d="fade",_="show",g={DIALOG:".modal-dialog",DATA_TOGGLE:'[data-toggle="modal"]',DATA_DISMISS:'[data-dismiss="modal"]',FIXED_CONTENT:".fixed-top, .fixed-bottom, .is-fixed, .sticky-top",STICKY_CONTENT:".sticky-top",NAVBAR_TOGGLER:".navbar-toggler"},p=function(){function o(e,n){this._config=this._getConfig(n),this._element=e,this._dialog=t(e).find(g.DIALOG)[0],this._backdrop=null,this._isShown=!1,this._isBodyOverflowing=!1,this._ignoreBackdropClick=!1,this._originalBodyPadding=0,this._scrollbarWidth=0}var p=o.prototype;return p.toggle=function(t){return this._isShown?this.hide():this.show(t)},p.show=function(e){var n=this;if(!this._isTransitioning&&!this._isShown){P.supportsTransitionEnd()&&t(this._element).hasClass(d)&&(this._isTransitioning=!0);var i=t.Event(h.SHOW,{relatedTarget:e});t(this._element).trigger(i),this._isShown||i.isDefaultPrevented()||(this._isShown=!0,this._checkScrollbar(),this._setScrollbar(),this._adjustDialog(),t(document.body).addClass(f),this._setEscapeEvent(),this._setResizeEvent(),t(this._element).on(h.CLICK_DISMISS,g.DATA_DISMISS,function(t){return n.hide(t)}),t(this._dialog).on(h.MOUSEDOWN_DISMISS,function(){t(n._element).one(h.MOUSEUP_DISMISS,function(e){t(e.target).is(n._element)&&(n._ignoreBackdropClick=!0)})}),this._showBackdrop(function(){return n._showElement(e)}))}},p.hide=function(e){var n=this;if(e&&e.preventDefault(),!this._isTransitioning&&this._isShown){var i=t.Event(h.HIDE);if(t(this._element).trigger(i),this._isShown&&!i.isDefaultPrevented()){this._isShown=!1;var s=P.supportsTransitionEnd()&&t(this._element).hasClass(d);s&&(this._isTransitioning=!0),this._setEscapeEvent(),this._setResizeEvent(),t(document).off(h.FOCUSIN),t(this._element).removeClass(_),t(this._element).off(h.CLICK_DISMISS),t(this._dialog).off(h.MOUSEDOWN_DISMISS),s?t(this._element).one(P.TRANSITION_END,function(t){return n._hideModal(t)}).emulateTransitionEnd(300):this._hideModal()}}},p.dispose=function(){t.removeData(this._element,n),t(window,document,this._element,this._backdrop).off(i),this._config=null,this._element=null,this._dialog=null,this._backdrop=null,this._isShown=null,this._isBodyOverflowing=null,this._ignoreBackdropClick=null,this._scrollbarWidth=null},p.handleUpdate=function(){this._adjustDialog()},p._getConfig=function(t){return t=r({},a,t),P.typeCheckConfig(e,t,l),t},p._showElement=function(e){var n=this,i=P.supportsTransitionEnd()&&t(this._element).hasClass(d);this._element.parentNode&&this._element.parentNode.nodeType===Node.ELEMENT_NODE||document.body.appendChild(this._element),this._element.style.display="block",this._element.removeAttribute("aria-hidden"),this._element.scrollTop=0,i&&P.reflow(this._element),t(this._element).addClass(_),this._config.focus&&this._enforceFocus();var s=t.Event(h.SHOWN,{relatedTarget:e}),r=function(){n._config.focus&&n._element.focus(),n._isTransitioning=!1,t(n._element).trigger(s)};i?t(this._dialog).one(P.TRANSITION_END,r).emulateTransitionEnd(300):r()},p._enforceFocus=function(){var e=this;t(document).off(h.FOCUSIN).on(h.FOCUSIN,function(n){document!==n.target&&e._element!==n.target&&0===t(e._element).has(n.target).length&&e._element.focus()})},p._setEscapeEvent=function(){var e=this;this._isShown&&this._config.keyboard?t(this._element).on(h.KEYDOWN_DISMISS,function(t){27===t.which&&(t.preventDefault(),e.hide())}):this._isShown||t(this._element).off(h.KEYDOWN_DISMISS)},p._setResizeEvent=function(){var e=this;this._isShown?t(window).on(h.RESIZE,function(t){return e.handleUpdate(t)}):t(window).off(h.RESIZE)},p._hideModal=function(){var e=this;this._element.style.display="none",this._element.setAttribute("aria-hidden",!0),this._isTransitioning=!1,this._showBackdrop(function(){t(document.body).removeClass(f),e._resetAdjustments(),e._resetScrollbar(),t(e._element).trigger(h.HIDDEN)})},p._removeBackdrop=function(){this._backdrop&&(t(this._backdrop).remove(),this._backdrop=null)},p._showBackdrop=function(e){var n=this,i=t(this._element).hasClass(d)?d:"";if(this._isShown&&this._config.backdrop){var s=P.supportsTransitionEnd()&&i;if(this._backdrop=document.createElement("div"),this._backdrop.className=u,i&&t(this._backdrop).addClass(i),t(this._backdrop).appendTo(document.body),t(this._element).on(h.CLICK_DISMISS,function(t){n._ignoreBackdropClick?n._ignoreBackdropClick=!1:t.target===t.currentTarget&&("static"===n._config.backdrop?n._element.focus():n.hide())}),s&&P.reflow(this._backdrop),t(this._backdrop).addClass(_),!e)return;if(!s)return void e();t(this._backdrop).one(P.TRANSITION_END,e).emulateTransitionEnd(150)}else if(!this._isShown&&this._backdrop){t(this._backdrop).removeClass(_);var r=function(){n._removeBackdrop(),e&&e()};P.supportsTransitionEnd()&&t(this._element).hasClass(d)?t(this._backdrop).one(P.TRANSITION_END,r).emulateTransitionEnd(150):r()}else e&&e()},p._adjustDialog=function(){var t=this._element.scrollHeight>document.documentElement.clientHeight;!this._isBodyOverflowing&&t&&(this._element.style.paddingLeft=this._scrollbarWidth+"px"),this._isBodyOverflowing&&!t&&(this._element.style.paddingRight=this._scrollbarWidth+"px")},p._resetAdjustments=function(){this._element.style.paddingLeft="",this._element.style.paddingRight=""},p._checkScrollbar=function(){var t=document.body.getBoundingClientRect();this._isBodyOverflowing=t.left+t.right<window.innerWidth,this._scrollbarWidth=this._getScrollbarWidth()},p._setScrollbar=function(){var e=this;if(this._isBodyOverflowing){t(g.FIXED_CONTENT).each(function(n,i){var s=t(i)[0].style.paddingRight,r=t(i).css("padding-right");t(i).data("padding-right",s).css("padding-right",parseFloat(r)+e._scrollbarWidth+"px")}),t(g.STICKY_CONTENT).each(function(n,i){var s=t(i)[0].style.marginRight,r=t(i).css("margin-right");t(i).data("margin-right",s).css("margin-right",parseFloat(r)-e._scrollbarWidth+"px")}),t(g.NAVBAR_TOGGLER).each(function(n,i){var s=t(i)[0].style.marginRight,r=t(i).css("margin-right");t(i).data("margin-right",s).css("margin-right",parseFloat(r)+e._scrollbarWidth+"px")});var n=document.body.style.paddingRight,i=t("body").css("padding-right");t("body").data("padding-right",n).css("padding-right",parseFloat(i)+this._scrollbarWidth+"px")}},p._resetScrollbar=function(){t(g.FIXED_CONTENT).each(function(e,n){var i=t(n).data("padding-right");"undefined"!=typeof i&&t(n).css("padding-right",i).removeData("padding-right")}),t(g.STICKY_CONTENT+", "+g.NAVBAR_TOGGLER).each(function(e,n){var i=t(n).data("margin-right");"undefined"!=typeof i&&t(n).css("margin-right",i).removeData("margin-right")});var e=t("body").data("padding-right");"undefined"!=typeof e&&t("body").css("padding-right",e).removeData("padding-right")},p._getScrollbarWidth=function(){var t=document.createElement("div");t.className=c,document.body.appendChild(t);var e=t.getBoundingClientRect().width-t.clientWidth;return document.body.removeChild(t),e},o._jQueryInterface=function(e,i){return this.each(function(){var s=t(this).data(n),a=r({},o.Default,t(this).data(),"object"==typeof e&&e);if(s||(s=new o(this,a),t(this).data(n,s)),"string"==typeof e){if("undefined"==typeof s[e])throw new TypeError('No method named "'+e+'"');s[e](i)}else a.show&&s.show(i)})},s(o,null,[{key:"VERSION",get:function(){return"4.0.0"}},{key:"Default",get:function(){return a}}]),o}();return t(document).on(h.CLICK_DATA_API,g.DATA_TOGGLE,function(e){var i,s=this,o=P.getSelectorFromElement(this);o&&(i=t(o)[0]);var 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r=this.getTipElement(),o=P.getUID(this.constructor.NAME);r.setAttribute("id",o),this.element.setAttribute("aria-describedby",o),this.setContent(),this.config.animation&&t(r).addClass(g);var l="function"==typeof this.config.placement?this.config.placement.call(this,r,this.element):this.config.placement,h=this._getAttachment(l);this.addAttachmentClass(h);var c=!1===this.config.container?document.body:t(this.config.container);t(r).data(this.constructor.DATA_KEY,this),t.contains(this.element.ownerDocument.documentElement,this.tip)||t(r).appendTo(c),t(this.element).trigger(this.constructor.Event.INSERTED),this._popper=new n(this.element,r,{placement:h,modifiers:{offset:{offset:this.config.offset},flip:{behavior:this.config.fallbackPlacement},arrow:{element:v},preventOverflow:{boundariesElement:this.config.boundary}},onCreate:function(t){t.originalPlacement!==t.placement&&e._handlePopperPlacementChange(t)},onUpdate:function(t){e._handlePopperPlacementChange(t)}}),t(r).addClass(p),"ontouchstart"in document.documentElement&&t("body").children().on("mouseover",null,t.noop);var u=function(){e.config.animation&&e._fixTransition();var n=e._hoverState;e._hoverState=null,t(e.element).trigger(e.constructor.Event.SHOWN),n===d&&e._leave(null,e)};P.supportsTransitionEnd()&&t(this.tip).hasClass(g)?t(this.tip).one(P.TRANSITION_END,u).emulateTransitionEnd(a._TRANSITION_DURATION):u()}},I.hide=function(e){var n=this,i=this.getTipElement(),s=t.Event(this.constructor.Event.HIDE),r=function(){n._hoverState!==f&&i.parentNode&&i.parentNode.removeChild(i),n._cleanTipClass(),n.element.removeAttribute("aria-describedby"),t(n.element).trigger(n.constructor.Event.HIDDEN),null!==n._popper&&n._popper.destroy(),e&&e()};t(this.element).trigger(s),s.isDefaultPrevented()||(t(i).removeClass(p),"ontouchstart"in document.documentElement&&t("body").children().off("mouseover",null,t.noop),this._activeTrigger[y]=!1,this._activeTrigger[T]=!1,this._activeTrigger[E]=!1,P.supportsTransitionEnd()&&t(this.tip).hasClass(g)?t(i).one(P.TRANSITION_END,r).emulateTransitionEnd(150):r(),this._hoverState="")},I.update=function(){null!==this._popper&&this._popper.scheduleUpdate()},I.isWithContent=function(){return Boolean(this.getTitle())},I.addAttachmentClass=function(e){t(this.getTipElement()).addClass("bs-tooltip-"+e)},I.getTipElement=function(){return this.tip=this.tip||t(this.config.template)[0],this.tip},I.setContent=function(){var e=t(this.getTipElement());this.setElementContent(e.find(m),this.getTitle()),e.removeClass(g+" "+p)},I.setElementContent=function(e,n){var i=this.config.html;"object"==typeof n&&(n.nodeType||n.jquery)?i?t(n).parent().is(e)||e.empty().append(n):e.text(t(n).text()):e[i?"html":"text"](n)},I.getTitle=function(){var t=this.element.getAttribute("data-original-title");return t||(t="function"==typeof this.config.title?this.config.title.call(this.element):this.config.title),t},I._getAttachment=function(t){return c[t.toUpperCase()]},I._setListeners=function(){var e=this;this.config.trigger.split(" ").forEach(function(n){if("click"===n)t(e.element).on(e.constructor.Event.CLICK,e.config.selector,function(t){return e.toggle(t)});else if(n!==C){var i=n===E?e.constructor.Event.MOUSEENTER:e.constructor.Event.FOCUSIN,s=n===E?e.constructor.Event.MOUSELEAVE:e.constructor.Event.FOCUSOUT;t(e.element).on(i,e.config.selector,function(t){return e._enter(t)}).on(s,e.config.selector,function(t){return e._leave(t)})}t(e.element).closest(".modal").on("hide.bs.modal",function(){return e.hide()})}),this.config.selector?this.config=r({},this.config,{trigger:"manual",selector:""}):this._fixTitle()},I._fixTitle=function(){var t=typeof this.element.getAttribute("data-original-title");(this.element.getAttribute("title")||"string"!==t)&&(this.element.setAttribute("data-original-title",this.element.getAttribute("title")||""),this.element.setAttribute("title",""))},I._enter=function(e,n){var i=this.constructor.DATA_KEY;(n=n||t(e.currentTarget).data(i))||(n=new this.constructor(e.currentTarget,this._getDelegateConfig()),t(e.currentTarget).data(i,n)),e&&(n._activeTrigger["focusin"===e.type?T:E]=!0),t(n.getTipElement()).hasClass(p)||n._hoverState===f?n._hoverState=f:(clearTimeout(n._timeout),n._hoverState=f,n.config.delay&&n.config.delay.show?n._timeout=setTimeout(function(){n._hoverState===f&&n.show()},n.config.delay.show):n.show())},I._leave=function(e,n){var i=this.constructor.DATA_KEY;(n=n||t(e.currentTarget).data(i))||(n=new this.constructor(e.currentTarget,this._getDelegateConfig()),t(e.currentTarget).data(i,n)),e&&(n._activeTrigger["focusout"===e.type?T:E]=!1),n._isWithActiveTrigger()||(clearTimeout(n._timeout),n._hoverState=d,n.config.delay&&n.config.delay.hide?n._timeout=setTimeout(function(){n._hoverState===d&&n.hide()},n.config.delay.hide):n.hide())},I._isWithActiveTrigger=function(){for(var t in this._activeTrigger)if(this._activeTrigger[t])return!0;return!1},I._getConfig=function(n){return"number"==typeof(n=r({},this.constructor.Default,t(this.element).data(),n)).delay&&(n.delay={show:n.delay,hide:n.delay}),"number"==typeof n.title&&(n.title=n.title.toString()),"number"==typeof n.content&&(n.content=n.content.toString()),P.typeCheckConfig(e,n,this.constructor.DefaultType),n},I._getDelegateConfig=function(){var t={};if(this.config)for(var e in this.config)this.constructor.Default[e]!==this.config[e]&&(t[e]=this.config[e]);return t},I._cleanTipClass=function(){var e=t(this.getTipElement()),n=e.attr("class").match(l);null!==n&&n.length>0&&e.removeClass(n.join(""))},I._handlePopperPlacementChange=function(t){this._cleanTipClass(),this.addAttachmentClass(this._getAttachment(t.placement))},I._fixTransition=function(){var e=this.getTipElement(),n=this.config.animation;null===e.getAttribute("x-placement")&&(t(e).removeClass(g),this.config.animation=!1,this.hide(),this.show(),this.config.animation=n)},a._jQueryInterface=function(e){return this.each(function(){var n=t(this).data(i),s="object"==typeof e&&e;if((n||!/dispose|hide/.test(e))&&(n||(n=new a(this,s),t(this).data(i,n)),"string"==typeof e)){if("undefined"==typeof n[e])throw new TypeError('No method named "'+e+'"');n[e]()}})},s(a,null,[{key:"VERSION",get:function(){return"4.0.0"}},{key:"Default",get:function(){return u}},{key:"NAME",get:function(){return e}},{key:"DATA_KEY",get:function(){return i}},{key:"Event",get:function(){return _}},{key:"EVENT_KEY",get:function(){return o}},{key:"DefaultType",get:function(){return h}}]),a}();return t.fn[e]=I._jQueryInterface,t.fn[e].Constructor=I,t.fn[e].noConflict=function(){return t.fn[e]=a,I._jQueryInterface},I}(e),x=function(t){var e="popover",n="bs.popover",i="."+n,o=t.fn[e],a=new 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this.tip=this.tip||t(this.config.template)[0],this.tip},m.setContent=function(){var e=t(this.getTipElement());this.setElementContent(e.find(f),this.getTitle());var n=this._getContent();"function"==typeof n&&(n=n.call(this.element)),this.setElementContent(e.find(d),n),e.removeClass(c+" "+u)},m._getContent=function(){return this.element.getAttribute("data-content")||this.config.content},m._cleanTipClass=function(){var e=t(this.getTipElement()),n=e.attr("class").match(a);null!==n&&n.length>0&&e.removeClass(n.join(""))},p._jQueryInterface=function(e){return this.each(function(){var i=t(this).data(n),s="object"==typeof e?e:null;if((i||!/destroy|hide/.test(e))&&(i||(i=new p(this,s),t(this).data(n,i)),"string"==typeof e)){if("undefined"==typeof i[e])throw new TypeError('No method named "'+e+'"');i[e]()}})},s(p,null,[{key:"VERSION",get:function(){return"4.0.0"}},{key:"Default",get:function(){return l}},{key:"NAME",get:function(){return e}},{key:"DATA_KEY",get:function(){return 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"+f.NAV_LINKS+","+this._config.target+" "+f.LIST_ITEMS+","+this._config.target+" "+f.DROPDOWN_ITEMS,this._offsets=[],this._targets=[],this._activeTarget=null,this._scrollHeight=0,t(this._scrollElement).on(h.SCROLL,function(t){return i._process(t)}),this.refresh(),this._process()}var g=o.prototype;return g.refresh=function(){var e=this,n=this._scrollElement===this._scrollElement.window?d:_,i="auto"===this._config.method?n:this._config.method,s=i===_?this._getScrollTop():0;this._offsets=[],this._targets=[],this._scrollHeight=this._getScrollHeight(),t.makeArray(t(this._selector)).map(function(e){var n,r=P.getSelectorFromElement(e);if(r&&(n=t(r)[0]),n){var o=n.getBoundingClientRect();if(o.width||o.height)return[t(n)[i]().top+s,r]}return null}).filter(function(t){return t}).sort(function(t,e){return t[0]-e[0]}).forEach(function(t){e._offsets.push(t[0]),e._targets.push(t[1])})},g.dispose=function(){t.removeData(this._element,n),t(this._scrollElement).off(i),this._element=null,this._scrollElement=null,this._config=null,this._selector=null,this._offsets=null,this._targets=null,this._activeTarget=null,this._scrollHeight=null},g._getConfig=function(n){if("string"!=typeof(n=r({},a,n)).target){var i=t(n.target).attr("id");i||(i=P.getUID(e),t(n.target).attr("id",i)),n.target="#"+i}return P.typeCheckConfig(e,n,l),n},g._getScrollTop=function(){return this._scrollElement===window?this._scrollElement.pageYOffset:this._scrollElement.scrollTop},g._getScrollHeight=function(){return this._scrollElement.scrollHeight||Math.max(document.body.scrollHeight,document.documentElement.scrollHeight)},g._getOffsetHeight=function(){return this._scrollElement===window?window.innerHeight:this._scrollElement.getBoundingClientRect().height},g._process=function(){var t=this._getScrollTop()+this._config.offset,e=this._getScrollHeight(),n=this._config.offset+e-this._getOffsetHeight();if(this._scrollHeight!==e&&this.refresh(),t>=n){var i=this._targets[this._targets.length-1];this._activeTarget!==i&&this._activate(i)}else{if(this._activeTarget&&t<this._offsets[0]&&this._offsets[0]>0)return this._activeTarget=null,void this._clear();for(var s=this._offsets.length;s--;){this._activeTarget!==this._targets[s]&&t>=this._offsets[s]&&("undefined"==typeof this._offsets[s+1]||t<this._offsets[s+1])&&this._activate(this._targets[s])}}},g._activate=function(e){this._activeTarget=e,this._clear();var n=this._selector.split(",");n=n.map(function(t){return t+'[data-target="'+e+'"],'+t+'[href="'+e+'"]'});var i=t(n.join(","));i.hasClass(c)?(i.closest(f.DROPDOWN).find(f.DROPDOWN_TOGGLE).addClass(u),i.addClass(u)):(i.addClass(u),i.parents(f.NAV_LIST_GROUP).prev(f.NAV_LINKS+", "+f.LIST_ITEMS).addClass(u),i.parents(f.NAV_LIST_GROUP).prev(f.NAV_ITEMS).children(f.NAV_LINKS).addClass(u)),t(this._scrollElement).trigger(h.ACTIVATE,{relatedTarget:e})},g._clear=function(){t(this._selector).filter(f.ACTIVE).removeClass(u)},o._jQueryInterface=function(e){return this.each(function(){var i=t(this).data(n);if(i||(i=new o(this,"object"==typeof e&&e),t(this).data(n,i)),"string"==typeof e){if("undefined"==typeof i[e])throw new TypeError('No method named "'+e+'"');i[e]()}})},s(o,null,[{key:"VERSION",get:function(){return"4.0.0"}},{key:"Default",get:function(){return a}}]),o}();return t(window).on(h.LOAD_DATA_API,function(){for(var e=t.makeArray(t(f.DATA_SPY)),n=e.length;n--;){var i=t(e[n]);g._jQueryInterface.call(i,i.data())}}),t.fn[e]=g._jQueryInterface,t.fn[e].Constructor=g,t.fn[e].noConflict=function(){return t.fn[e]=o,g._jQueryInterface},g}(e),V=function(t){var e="bs.tab",n="."+e,i=t.fn.tab,r={HIDE:"hide"+n,HIDDEN:"hidden"+n,SHOW:"show"+n,SHOWN:"shown"+n,CLICK_DATA_API:"click.bs.tab.data-api"},o="dropdown-menu",a="active",l="disabled",h="fade",c="show",u=".dropdown",f=".nav, .list-group",d=".active",_="> li > .active",g='[data-toggle="tab"], [data-toggle="pill"], [data-toggle="list"]',p=".dropdown-toggle",m="> .dropdown-menu .active",v=function(){function n(t){this._element=t}var i=n.prototype;return i.show=function(){var e=this;if(!(this._element.parentNode&&this._element.parentNode.nodeType===Node.ELEMENT_NODE&&t(this._element).hasClass(a)||t(this._element).hasClass(l))){var n,i,s=t(this._element).closest(f)[0],o=P.getSelectorFromElement(this._element);if(s){var h="UL"===s.nodeName?_:d;i=(i=t.makeArray(t(s).find(h)))[i.length-1]}var c=t.Event(r.HIDE,{relatedTarget:this._element}),u=t.Event(r.SHOW,{relatedTarget:i});if(i&&t(i).trigger(c),t(this._element).trigger(u),!u.isDefaultPrevented()&&!c.isDefaultPrevented()){o&&(n=t(o)[0]),this._activate(this._element,s);var g=function(){var n=t.Event(r.HIDDEN,{relatedTarget:e._element}),s=t.Event(r.SHOWN,{relatedTarget:i});t(i).trigger(n),t(e._element).trigger(s)};n?this._activate(n,n.parentNode,g):g()}}},i.dispose=function(){t.removeData(this._element,e),this._element=null},i._activate=function(e,n,i){var s=this,r=("UL"===n.nodeName?t(n).find(_):t(n).children(d))[0],o=i&&P.supportsTransitionEnd()&&r&&t(r).hasClass(h),a=function(){return s._transitionComplete(e,r,i)};r&&o?t(r).one(P.TRANSITION_END,a).emulateTransitionEnd(150):a()},i._transitionComplete=function(e,n,i){if(n){t(n).removeClass(c+" "+a);var s=t(n.parentNode).find(m)[0];s&&t(s).removeClass(a),"tab"===n.getAttribute("role")&&n.setAttribute("aria-selected",!1)}if(t(e).addClass(a),"tab"===e.getAttribute("role")&&e.setAttribute("aria-selected",!0),P.reflow(e),t(e).addClass(c),e.parentNode&&t(e.parentNode).hasClass(o)){var r=t(e).closest(u)[0];r&&t(r).find(p).addClass(a),e.setAttribute("aria-expanded",!0)}i&&i()},n._jQueryInterface=function(i){return this.each(function(){var s=t(this),r=s.data(e);if(r||(r=new n(this),s.data(e,r)),"string"==typeof i){if("undefined"==typeof r[i])throw new TypeError('No method named "'+i+'"');r[i]()}})},s(n,null,[{key:"VERSION",get:function(){return"4.0.0"}}]),n}();return t(document).on(r.CLICK_DATA_API,g,function(e){e.preventDefault(),v._jQueryInterface.call(t(this),"show")}),t.fn.tab=v._jQueryInterface,t.fn.tab.Constructor=v,t.fn.tab.noConflict=function(){return t.fn.tab=i,v._jQueryInterface},v}(e);!function(t){if("undefined"==typeof t)throw new TypeError("Bootstrap's JavaScript requires jQuery. jQuery must be included before Bootstrap's JavaScript.");var e=t.fn.jquery.split(" ")[0].split(".");if(e[0]<2&&e[1]<9||1===e[0]&&9===e[1]&&e[2]<1||e[0]>=4)throw new Error("Bootstrap's JavaScript requires at least jQuery v1.9.1 but less than v4.0.0")}(e),t.Util=P,t.Alert=L,t.Button=R,t.Carousel=j,t.Collapse=H,t.Dropdown=W,t.Modal=M,t.Popover=x,t.Scrollspy=K,t.Tab=V,t.Tooltip=U,Object.defineProperty(t,"__esModule",{value:!0})});
+//# sourceMappingURL=bootstrap.min.js.map
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/chall/src/js/rockstar.js b/chall/src/js/rockstar.js
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..ab22942
--- /dev/null
+++ b/chall/src/js/rockstar.js
@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
+function transpile() {
+
+    var data = {"code": document.getElementById("in").value};
+    console.log(data);
+
+$.post({
+    url: "transpile.php",
+    data: JSON.stringify(data)
+  }).done(function( data ) {
+    var json_data = JSON.parse(data)
+    document.getElementById("output").value = json_data["result"];
+  });
+}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/chall/src/transpile.php b/chall/src/transpile.php
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..44de755
--- /dev/null
+++ b/chall/src/transpile.php
@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+<?php
+
+
+$input = json_decode(file_get_contents('php://input'), true);
+if (!isset($input["code"])) {
+    echo json_encode(array("error" => "no input data"));
+    die();
+}
+
+$tmpfname = tempnam("/tmp", "lolpython_prog_");
+$handle = fopen($tmpfname, "w");
+fwrite($handle, $input["code"]);
+fclose($handle);
+
+$stdout = shell_exec("python2 /opt/lolcode.py $tmpfname");
+
+echo(json_encode(array("result" => $stdout)));
+?>
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/public/ply-2.2.tar.gz b/public/ply-2.2.tar.gz
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..7db65d9
Binary files /dev/null and b/public/ply-2.2.tar.gz differ
-- 
cgit v1.2.3-71-gd317