mach-virt-graphical.cfg (7282B)
1# mach-virt - VirtIO guest (graphical console) 2# ========================================================= 3# 4# Usage: 5# 6# $ qemu-system-aarch64 \ 7# -nodefaults \ 8# -readconfig mach-virt-graphical.cfg \ 9# -cpu host 10# 11# You will probably need to tweak the lines marked as 12# CHANGE ME before being able to use this configuration! 13# 14# The guest will have a selection of VirtIO devices 15# tailored towards optimal performance with modern guests, 16# and will be accessed through a graphical console. 17# 18# --------------------------------------------------------- 19# 20# Using -nodefaults is required to have full control over 21# the virtual hardware: when it's specified, QEMU will 22# populate the board with only the builtin peripherals, 23# such as the PL011 UART, plus a PCI Express Root Bus; the 24# user will then have to explicitly add further devices. 25# 26# The PCI Express Root Bus shows up in the guest as: 27# 28# 00:00.0 Host bridge 29# 30# This configuration file adds a number of other useful 31# devices, more specifically: 32# 33# 00:01.0 Display controller 34# 00.1c.* PCI bridge (PCI Express Root Ports) 35# 01:00.0 SCSI storage controller 36# 02:00.0 Ethernet controller 37# 03:00.0 USB controller 38# 39# More information about these devices is available below. 40 41 42# Machine options 43# ========================================================= 44# 45# We use the virt machine type and enable KVM acceleration 46# for better performance. 47# 48# Using less than 1 GiB of memory is probably not going to 49# yield good performance in the guest, and might even lead 50# to obscure boot issues in some cases. 51# 52# Unfortunately, there is no way to configure the CPU model 53# in this file, so it will have to be provided on the 54# command line, but we can configure the guest to use the 55# same GIC version as the host. 56 57[machine] 58 type = "virt" 59 accel = "kvm" 60 gic-version = "host" 61 62[memory] 63 size = "1024" 64 65 66# Firmware configuration 67# ========================================================= 68# 69# There are two parts to the firmware: a read-only image 70# containing the executable code, which is shared between 71# guests, and a read/write variable store that is owned 72# by one specific guest, exclusively, and is used to 73# record information such as the UEFI boot order. 74# 75# For any new guest, its permanent, private variable store 76# should initially be copied from the template file 77# provided along with the firmware binary. 78# 79# Depending on the OS distribution you're using on the 80# host, the name of the package containing the firmware 81# binary and variable store template, as well as the paths 82# to the files themselves, will be different. For example: 83# 84# Fedora 85# edk2-aarch64 (pkg) 86# /usr/share/edk2/aarch64/QEMU_EFI-pflash.raw (bin) 87# /usr/share/edk2/aarch64/vars-template-pflash.raw (var) 88# 89# RHEL 90# AAVMF (pkg) 91# /usr/share/AAVMF/AAVMF_CODE.fd (bin) 92# /usr/share/AAVMF/AAVMF_VARS.fd (var) 93# 94# Debian/Ubuntu 95# qemu-efi (pkg) 96# /usr/share/AAVMF/AAVMF_CODE.fd (bin) 97# /usr/share/AAVMF/AAVMF_VARS.fd (var) 98 99[drive "uefi-binary"] 100 file = "/usr/share/AAVMF/AAVMF_CODE.fd" # CHANGE ME 101 format = "raw" 102 if = "pflash" 103 unit = "0" 104 readonly = "on" 105 106[drive "uefi-varstore"] 107 file = "guest_VARS.fd" # CHANGE ME 108 format = "raw" 109 if = "pflash" 110 unit = "1" 111 112 113# PCI bridge (PCI Express Root Ports) 114# ========================================================= 115# 116# We create eight PCI Express Root Ports, and we plug them 117# all into separate functions of the same slot. Some of 118# them will be used by devices, the rest will remain 119# available for hotplug. 120 121[device "pcie.1"] 122 driver = "pcie-root-port" 123 bus = "pcie.0" 124 addr = "1c.0" 125 port = "1" 126 chassis = "1" 127 multifunction = "on" 128 129[device "pcie.2"] 130 driver = "pcie-root-port" 131 bus = "pcie.0" 132 addr = "1c.1" 133 port = "2" 134 chassis = "2" 135 136[device "pcie.3"] 137 driver = "pcie-root-port" 138 bus = "pcie.0" 139 addr = "1c.2" 140 port = "3" 141 chassis = "3" 142 143[device "pcie.4"] 144 driver = "pcie-root-port" 145 bus = "pcie.0" 146 addr = "1c.3" 147 port = "4" 148 chassis = "4" 149 150[device "pcie.5"] 151 driver = "pcie-root-port" 152 bus = "pcie.0" 153 addr = "1c.4" 154 port = "5" 155 chassis = "5" 156 157[device "pcie.6"] 158 driver = "pcie-root-port" 159 bus = "pcie.0" 160 addr = "1c.5" 161 port = "6" 162 chassis = "6" 163 164[device "pcie.7"] 165 driver = "pcie-root-port" 166 bus = "pcie.0" 167 addr = "1c.6" 168 port = "7" 169 chassis = "7" 170 171[device "pcie.8"] 172 driver = "pcie-root-port" 173 bus = "pcie.0" 174 addr = "1c.7" 175 port = "8" 176 chassis = "8" 177 178 179# SCSI storage controller (and storage) 180# ========================================================= 181# 182# We use virtio-scsi here so that we can (hot)plug a large 183# number of disks without running into issues; a SCSI disk, 184# backed by a qcow2 disk image on the host's filesystem, is 185# attached to it. 186# 187# We also create an optical disk, mostly for installation 188# purposes: once the guest OS has been successfully 189# installed, the guest will no longer boot from optical 190# media. If you don't want, or no longer want, to have an 191# optical disk in the guest you can safely comment out 192# all relevant sections below. 193 194[device "scsi"] 195 driver = "virtio-scsi-pci" 196 bus = "pcie.1" 197 addr = "00.0" 198 199[device "scsi-disk"] 200 driver = "scsi-hd" 201 bus = "scsi.0" 202 drive = "disk" 203 bootindex = "1" 204 205[drive "disk"] 206 file = "guest.qcow2" # CHANGE ME 207 format = "qcow2" 208 if = "none" 209 210[device "scsi-optical-disk"] 211 driver = "scsi-cd" 212 bus = "scsi.0" 213 drive = "optical-disk" 214 bootindex = "2" 215 216[drive "optical-disk"] 217 file = "install.iso" # CHANGE ME 218 format = "raw" 219 if = "none" 220 221 222# Ethernet controller 223# ========================================================= 224# 225# We use virtio-net for improved performance over emulated 226# hardware; on the host side, we take advantage of user 227# networking so that the QEMU process doesn't require any 228# additional privileges. 229 230[netdev "hostnet"] 231 type = "user" 232 233[device "net"] 234 driver = "virtio-net-pci" 235 netdev = "hostnet" 236 bus = "pcie.2" 237 addr = "00.0" 238 239 240# USB controller (and input devices) 241# ========================================================= 242# 243# We add a virtualization-friendly USB 3.0 controller and 244# a USB keyboard / USB tablet combo so that graphical 245# guests can be controlled appropriately. 246 247[device "usb"] 248 driver = "nec-usb-xhci" 249 bus = "pcie.3" 250 addr = "00.0" 251 252[device "keyboard"] 253 driver = "usb-kbd" 254 bus = "usb.0" 255 256[device "tablet"] 257 driver = "usb-tablet" 258 bus = "usb.0" 259 260 261# Display controller 262# ========================================================= 263# 264# We use virtio-gpu because the legacy VGA framebuffer is 265# very troublesome on aarch64, and virtio-gpu is the only 266# video device that doesn't implement it. 267# 268# If you're running the guest on a remote, potentially 269# headless host, you will probably want to append something 270# like 271# 272# -display vnc=127.0.0.1:0 273# 274# to the command line in order to prevent QEMU from 275# creating a graphical display window on the host and 276# enable remote access instead. 277 278[device "video"] 279 driver = "virtio-gpu" 280 bus = "pcie.0" 281 addr = "01.0"