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| author | Louis Burda <quent.burda@gmail.com> | 2024-03-30 15:37:05 +0100 |
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| committer | Louis Burda <quent.burda@gmail.com> | 2024-03-30 15:37:05 +0100 |
| commit | 32309e019f2ff7d9f69f3e0016f67439e81b8b30 (patch) | |
| tree | ace9fccd48489648b0586a8f84da21839632d0b9 /chall/ply-2.2/README | |
| parent | 4007ea18f294aefb6128cbe82c5446cd8cb72c50 (diff) | |
| download | cscg24-lolpython-32309e019f2ff7d9f69f3e0016f67439e81b8b30.tar.gz cscg24-lolpython-32309e019f2ff7d9f69f3e0016f67439e81b8b30.zip | |
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| -rw-r--r-- | chall/ply-2.2/README | 277 |
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diff --git a/chall/ply-2.2/README b/chall/ply-2.2/README deleted file mode 100644 index d91e26c..0000000 --- a/chall/ply-2.2/README +++ /dev/null @@ -1,277 +0,0 @@ -PLY (Python Lex-Yacc) Version 2.2 (November 1, 2006) - -David M. Beazley (dave@dabeaz.com) - -Copyright (C) 2001-2006 David M. Beazley - -This library is free software; you can redistribute it and/or -modify it under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public -License as published by the Free Software Foundation; either -version 2.1 of the License, or (at your option) any later version. - -This library is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, -but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of -MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU -Lesser General Public License for more details. - -You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public -License along with this library; if not, write to the Free Software -Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place, Suite 330, Boston, MA 02111-1307 USA - -See the file COPYING for a complete copy of the LGPL. - -Introduction -============ - -PLY is a 100% Python implementation of the common parsing tools lex -and yacc. Although several other parsing tools are available for -Python, there are several reasons why you might want to consider PLY: - - - The tools are very closely modeled after traditional lex/yacc. - If you know how to use these tools in C, you will find PLY - to be similar. - - - PLY provides *very* extensive error reporting and diagnostic - information to assist in parser construction. The original - implementation was developed for instructional purposes. As - a result, the system tries to identify the most common types - of errors made by novice users. - - - PLY provides full support for empty productions, error recovery, - precedence specifiers, and moderately ambiguous grammars. - - - Parsing is based on LR-parsing which is fast, memory efficient, - better suited to large grammars, and which has a number of nice - properties when dealing with syntax errors and other parsing problems. - Currently, PLY builds its parsing tables using the SLR algorithm which - is slightly weaker than LALR(1) used in traditional yacc. - - - PLY uses Python introspection features to build lexers and parsers. - This greatly simplifies the task of parser construction since it reduces - the number of files and eliminates the need to run a separate lex/yacc - tool before running your program. - - - PLY can be used to build parsers for "real" programming languages. - Although it is not ultra-fast due to its Python implementation, - PLY can be used to parse grammars consisting of several hundred - rules (as might be found for a language like C). The lexer and LR - parser are also reasonably efficient when parsing typically - sized programs. - -The original version of PLY was developed for an Introduction to -Compilers course where students used it to build a compiler for a -simple Pascal-like language. Their compiler had to include lexical -analysis, parsing, type checking, type inference, and generation of -assembly code for the SPARC processor. Because of this, the current -implementation has been extensively tested and debugged. In addition, -most of the API and error checking steps have been adapted to address -common usability problems. - -How to Use -========== - -PLY consists of two files : lex.py and yacc.py. These are contained -within the 'ply' directory which may also be used as a Python package. -To use PLY, simply copy the 'ply' directory to your project and import -lex and yacc from the associated 'ply' package. For example: - - import ply.lex as lex - import ply.yacc as yacc - -Alternatively, you can copy just the files lex.py and yacc.py -individually and use them as modules. For example: - - import lex - import yacc - -The file setup.py can be used to install ply using distutils. - -The file doc/ply.html contains complete documentation on how to use -the system. - -The example directory contains several different examples including a -PLY specification for ANSI C as given in K&R 2nd Ed. - -A simple example is found at the end of this document - -Requirements -============ -PLY requires the use of Python 2.0 or greater. It should work on -just about any platform. PLY has been tested with both CPython and -Jython. However, it does not work with IronPython. - -Resources -========= -More information about PLY can be obtained on the PLY webpage at: - - http://www.dabeaz.com/ply - -For a detailed overview of parsing theory, consult the excellent -book "Compilers : Principles, Techniques, and Tools" by Aho, Sethi, and -Ullman. The topics found in "Lex & Yacc" by Levine, Mason, and Brown -may also be useful. - -A Google group for PLY can be found at - - http://groups.google.com/group/ply-hack - -Acknowledgments -=============== -A special thanks is in order for all of the students in CS326 who -suffered through about 25 different versions of these tools :-). - -The CHANGES file acknowledges those who have contributed patches. - -Elias Ioup did the first implementation of LALR(1) parsing in PLY-1.x. -Andrew Waters and Markus Schoepflin were instrumental in reporting bugs -and testing a revised LALR(1) implementation for PLY-2.0. - -Special Note for PLY-2.x -======================== -PLY-2.0 is the first in a series of PLY releases that will be adding a -variety of significant new features. The first release in this series -(Ply-2.0) should be 100% compatible with all previous Ply-1.x releases -except for the fact that Ply-2.0 features a correct implementation of -LALR(1) table generation. - -If you have suggestions for improving PLY in future 2.x releases, please -contact me. - Dave - -Example -======= - -Here is a simple example showing a PLY implementation of a calculator -with variables. - -# ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- -# calc.py -# -# A simple calculator with variables. -# ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- - -tokens = ( - 'NAME','NUMBER', - 'PLUS','MINUS','TIMES','DIVIDE','EQUALS', - 'LPAREN','RPAREN', - ) - -# Tokens - -t_PLUS = r'\+' -t_MINUS = r'-' -t_TIMES = r'\*' -t_DIVIDE = r'/' -t_EQUALS = r'=' -t_LPAREN = r'\(' -t_RPAREN = r'\)' -t_NAME = r'[a-zA-Z_][a-zA-Z0-9_]*' - -def t_NUMBER(t): - r'\d+' - try: - t.value = int(t.value) - except ValueError: - print "Integer value too large", t.value - t.value = 0 - return t - -# Ignored characters -t_ignore = " \t" - -def t_newline(t): - r'\n+' - t.lexer.lineno += t.value.count("\n") - -def t_error(t): - print "Illegal character '%s'" % t.value[0] - t.lexer.skip(1) - -# Build the lexer -import ply.lex as lex -lex.lex() - -# Precedence rules for the arithmetic operators -precedence = ( - ('left','PLUS','MINUS'), - ('left','TIMES','DIVIDE'), - ('right','UMINUS'), - ) - -# dictionary of names (for storing variables) -names = { } - -def p_statement_assign(p): - 'statement : NAME EQUALS expression' - names[p[1]] = p[3] - -def p_statement_expr(p): - 'statement : expression' - print p[1] - -def p_expression_binop(p): - '''expression : expression PLUS expression - | expression MINUS expression - | expression TIMES expression - | expression DIVIDE expression''' - if p[2] == '+' : p[0] = p[1] + p[3] - elif p[2] == '-': p[0] = p[1] - p[3] - elif p[2] == '*': p[0] = p[1] * p[3] - elif p[2] == '/': p[0] = p[1] / p[3] - -def p_expression_uminus(p): - 'expression : MINUS expression %prec UMINUS' - p[0] = -p[2] - -def p_expression_group(p): - 'expression : LPAREN expression RPAREN' - p[0] = p[2] - -def p_expression_number(p): - 'expression : NUMBER' - p[0] = p[1] - -def p_expression_name(p): - 'expression : NAME' - try: - p[0] = names[p[1]] - except LookupError: - print "Undefined name '%s'" % p[1] - p[0] = 0 - -def p_error(p): - print "Syntax error at '%s'" % p.value - -import ply.yacc as yacc -yacc.yacc() - -while 1: - try: - s = raw_input('calc > ') - except EOFError: - break - yacc.parse(s) - - -Bug Reports and Patches -======================= -Because of the extremely specialized and advanced nature of PLY, I -rarely spend much time working on it unless I receive very specific -bug-reports and/or patches to fix problems. I also try to incorporate -submitted feature requests and enhancements into each new version. To -contact me about bugs and/or new features, please send email to -dave@dabeaz.com. - -In addition there is a Google group for discussing PLY related issues at - - http://groups.google.com/group/ply-hack - --- Dave - - - - - - - - - |
